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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13
OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 28, 2001 Commission file number 1-7182
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 13-2740599
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
4 World Financial Center 10080
New York, New York (Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 449-1000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Stock, par value $1.33
1
/3 and attached Rights to Purchase
New York Stock Exchange; Chicago Stock
Series A Junior Preferred Stock.
Exchange; Pacific Exchange; Paris Stock Exchange; London
Stock Exchange; and Tokyo Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares representing 1/400th share of 9% Cumulative Preferred New York Stock Exchange
Stock, Series A. Nikkei 225 Market Index Target-Term Securities (“MITTS Securities”) due June 14, 2002; S&P 500 MITTS Securities due September
16, 2002; MITTS Securities based upon the Dow Jones Industrial Average (the “Dow Jones”) due January 14, 2003; S&P 500 MITTS Securities due
September 28, 2005; Top Ten Yield MITTS Securities due August 15, 2006; S&P 500 Inflation Adjusted MITTS Securities due September 24, 2007.
Nikkei 225 MITTS Securities due September 20, 2002; Major 8 European
American Stock Exchange
MITTS Securities due August 30, 2002; Major 11 International MITTS Securities due December 6, 2002; Russell 2000 MITTS Securities due
September 30, 2004; Global MITTS Securities due December 22, 2004; S&P 500 MITTS Securities due July 1, 2005; Nikkei 225 MITTS Securities
due September 21, 2005; Energy Select Sector SPDR Fund MITTS Securities due February 21, 2006; EuroFund MITTS Securities due February 28,
2006; S&P 500 MITTS Securities due March 27, 2006; Consumer Staples Select Sector SPDR Fund MITTS Securities due April 19, 2006; Select
Sector SPDR Fund Growth Portfolio MITTS Securities due May 25, 2006; Major 11 International MITTS Securities due May 26, 2006; MITTS
Securities based upon the Dow Jones due June 26, 2006; Russell 2000 MITTS Securities due July 21, 2006; Nikkei 225 MITTS Securities due August
4, 2006; S&P 500 MITTS Securities due August 4, 2006; Energy Select Sector SPDR Fund MITTS Securities due September 20, 2006; MTN, Series B,
Stock-Linked Notes due November 28, 2003; Series B, 1.5% Principal Protected Notes due December 15, 2005; MTN, Series B, 1% Callable and
Exchangeable Stock-Linked Notes due February 8, 2006; MTN, Series B, 0.25% Callable and Exchangeable Portfolio-Linked Notes due April 27,
2006; MTN, Series B, 1% Callable and Exchangeable Stock-Linked Notes due May 10, 2006; MTN, Series B, 1% Callable and Exchangeable Stock-
Linked Notes due July 20, 2006; Telebras Indexed Callable ProGroS Securities due May 19, 2005; Bond Index Notes, Domestic Master Series 1999A
due December 23, 2002; Euro Currency Warrants due February 28, 2002; Callable MITTS Securities due October 5, 2007 based upon Semiconductor
HOLDRS; Callable MITTS Securities due September 13, 2007 based upon Broadband HOLDRS; Callable Nasdaq-100 MITTS Securities due August
3, 2007; Callable MITTS Securities due August 3, 2007 based upon Biotech HOLDRS; Medium-Term Notes, Series B 2% Callable and Exchangeable
Stock-Linked Notes due July 26, 2005 (Linked to the performance of the common stock of Johnson & Johnson); Medium-Term Notes, Series B 7%
Stock-Linked Notes due July 8, 2002 (Linked to the performance of the common stock of The Gap, Inc.); Nikkei 225 MITTS Securities due March 30,
2007; Callable MITTS Securities due March 5, 2007 based upon Internet HOLDRS; Medium-Term Notes, Series B 0.50% Callable and Exchangeable
Stock-Linked Notes due February 3, 2005 (Linked to the performance of a specified portfolio of common stocks); Medium-Term Notes, Series B
0.25% Callable and Exchangeable Stock-Linked Notes due January 7, 2008 (Linked to the performance of Wells Fargo & Company); Nikkei 225
MITTS due June 27, 2007; Strategic Return Notes Linked to the Nasdaq-100 Index due November 30, 2004; Strategic Return Notes Linked to the
Select Ten Index due May 30, 2006; Strategic Return Notes Linked to the Industrial 15 Index due June 26, 2006; Strategic Return Notes Linked to the
Institutional Holdings Index due June 28, 2006; Strategic Return Notes Linked to the Select Ten Index due July 31, 2006; 8% Callable Stock Return
Income Debt Securities due October 23, 2003, payable at maturity with Cisco Systems, Inc. common stock; 9% Callable Stock Return Income Debt
Securities due October 23, 2003, payable at maturity with Sun Microsystems, Inc. common stock; Strategic Return Notes Linked to the Select Ten
Index due November 2, 2006; 8% Callable STock Return Income Debt Securities due November 21, 2003, payable at maturity with EMC Corporation
common stock; Top Ten Yield Market Index Target-Term Securities due August 15, 2006; Strategic Return Notes/SM/ Linked to the Select Ten Index
due March 1, 2007; 8% Callable STock Return Income DEbt Securities/SM/ due February 23, 2004, payable at maturity with Applied Materials, Inc.
common stock; 6% Callable STock Return Income DEbt Securities/SM/ due February 11, 2004, payable at maturity with Bed Bath & Beyond Inc.
common stock; Strategic Return Notes/SM/ Linked to the Biotech-Pharmaceutical Index due February 8, 2007; 9% Callable STock Return Income
DEbt Securities/SM/ due February 2, 2004, payable at maturity with JDS Uniphase Corporation common stock; Strategic Return Notes/SM/ Linked to
the Industrial 15 Index due February 1, 2007; and 8% Callable STock Return Income DEbt Securities/SM/ due January 29, 2004, payable at maturity
with Xilinx, Inc. common stock.
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
S&P 500 Market Index Target-Term Securities (“MITTS Securities”) due June 29, 2007; and S&P 500 MITTS Securities due November 20, 2007; and S&P 500 MITTS Securities due August 29, 2008; MITTS Securities based
upon the Dow Jones Industrial Average due September 29, 2008; Enhanced Return Notes Linked to the Nasdaq-100 due February 28, 2003; Enhanced Return Notes/SM/ Linked to the Nasdaq-100 Index/®/ due March 1, 2004;
and Market Index Target-Term Securities/®/ based upon the Dow Jones Industrial Average/SM/ due January 16, 2009.
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding
12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No
¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the
Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
As of the close of business on February 26, 2002, there were 852,998,013 shares of Common Stock and 4,195,407 Exchangeable Shares outstanding. The Exchangeable
Shares, which were issued by Merrill Lynch & Co., Canada Ltd. in connection with the merger with Midland Walwyn Inc., are exchangeable at any time into Common Stock
on a one-for-one basis and entitle holders to dividend, voting, and other rights equivalent to Common Stock.
As of the close of business on February 26, 2002, the aggregate market value of the voting stock, comprising the Common Stock and the Exchangeable Shares, held by non-
affiliates of the Registrant was approximately $41.7 billion.
Documents Incorporated By Reference: Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. 2001 Annual Report to Stockholders and the 2002 Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of
Stockholders of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. dated March 15, 2002, each incorporated by reference in Parts I-IV in this Form 10-K.
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part I.
Item 1 Business 1
Overview 1
Business Environment 2
Description of Business Activities 2
Competition 10
Regulation 11
Item 2 Properties 13
Item 3 Legal Proceedings 13
Item 4 Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders 15
Executive Officers of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. 16
Part II.
Item 5 Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder
Matters 18
Item 6 Selected Financial Data 18
Item 7 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations 18
Item 7A Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 18
Item 8 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 18
Item 9 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting
and Financial Disclosure 18
Part III.
Item 10 Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant 18
Item 11 Executive Compensation 18
Item 12 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and
Management 19
Item 13 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions 19
Part IV.
Item 14 Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on
Form 8-K 19
Table of Contents
PART I
Item 1. Business
Overview
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.,
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a Delaware corporation formed in 1973, is a holding company that, through its subsidiaries and affiliates, provides investment, financing,
advisory, insurance, banking, and related products and services on a global basis, including:
securities brokerage, trading, and underwriting
investment banking, strategic services (including mergers and acquisitions), and other corporate finance advisory activities
asset management
origination, brokerage, dealer and related activities in swaps, options, forwards, exchange-traded futures, other derivatives and foreign exchange products
securities clearance and settlement services
equity, debt, foreign exchange, and economic research
private equity investing activities
banking, trust, and lending services, including commercial and mortgage lending and related services
insurance underwriting and sales
investment advisory and related record keeping services
Merrill Lynch provides these products and services to a wide array of clients, including individual investors, small businesses, corporations, governments, governmental
agencies, and financial institutions.
Merrill Lynch’s business has three business segments: the Global Markets & Investment Banking Group (“GMI”) (formerly known as the Corporate and Institutional Client
Group (“CICG”)), the Private Client Group (“Private Client”), and Merrill Lynch Investment Managers (“MLIM”). Merrill Lynch provides financial services worldwide through
various subsidiaries and affiliates that frequently participate in the facilitation and consummation of a single transaction. This organizational structure is designed to enhance the
delivery of services to Merrill Lynch’s diverse global client base and position Merrill Lynch for worldwide growth.
Merrill Lynch has organized its operations outside the United States into five regions: Europe, Middle East, and Africa; Japan; Asia Pacific; Canada; and Latin America.
Merrill Lynch conducts its business from various locations throughout the world. Its world headquarters facility is located at the World Financial Center in New York City and
its other principal United States business and operational centers are in New Jersey and Florida. Merrill Lynch has a presence in 37 countries outside the United States,
including offices in Buenos Aires, Dubai, Dublin, Frankfurt, Geneva, Hong Kong, Johannesburg, London, Madrid, Melbourne, Mexico City, Milan, Paris, Sao Paulo,
Singapore, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, and Zurich.
Merrill Lynch employed approximately 57,400
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people at the end of 2001. Financial information concerning Merrill Lynch for each of the three fiscal years ended on the
last Friday in December 2001, 2000, and 1999, including the amount of total revenue contributed by classes of similar services that accounted for 10% or more of its
consolidated revenues in any one of these fiscal periods, as well as information with respect to Merrill Lynch’s operations by segment and geographic area, is set forth in Merrill
Lynch’s Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto in the Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. 2001 Annual Report to Stockholders (the “Annual Report”) included as an
exhibit to this Form 10-K.
At the end of 2001, total assets in client accounts or under management were approximately $1.5 trillion.
In 2001, Merrill Lynch achieved strong positions in various industry league tables published by Thomson Financial Securities Data. According to Thomson Financial, in
2001 Merrill Lynch ranked number one in global equity and equity-linked origination and number two in global announced mergers and acquisitions, with increased full-year
market shares of 14.4% and 27.4%, respectively. International Financing Review magazine named Merrill Lynch Equity House and Equity-Linked House of the Year.
1
Unless the context otherwise requires, the term “Merrill Lynch” means Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. The term “ML & Co.” is used herein where
appropriate to refer solely to Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc., the parent holding company.
2
Excludes 3,200 full-time employees who were terminated at year-end 2001 but who were receiving salary payments and benefits as part of their severance arrangements.
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Business Environment
The financial services industry, in which Merrill Lynch is a leading participant, is highly competitive and highly regulated. This industry and the global financial markets are
influenced by numerous unpredictable factors. These factors include economic conditions, monetary and fiscal policies, the liquidity of global markets, international and
regional political events, acts of war or terrorism, changes in applicable laws and regulations, the competitive environment, and investor sentiment. These conditions or events
can significantly affect the volatility and trading volumes of financial markets. Greater volatility increases risk, but could lead to increased order flow and revenues in the
trading and brokerage businesses. Revenues and net earnings may vary significantly from period to period due to these unpredictable factors and the resulting market volatility
and trading volumes.
The financial services industry continues to be affected by an intensifying competitive environment, as demonstrated by consolidation through mergers and acquisitions,
competition from new and established competitors using the internet or other technology to provide financial services, and diminishing margins in many mature products and
services. The trend of commercial and investment banks consolidating made possible by the enactment of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act has also increased the competition for
investment banking business through the use of lending activities in conjunction with investment banking activities.
Global financial markets, particularly equity markets, had a difficult year in 2001 as a slowdown in economic activity, reduced corporate earnings, widespread corporate
downsizing, the devaluation of technology and telecommunications companies, and the September 11th terrorist attacks caused equity markets to fall and investors to shift to
less volatile, fixed-income investments. The U.S. Federal Reserve’s interest rate cuts during the year did little to help the slumping U.S. economy. The September 11th terrorist
attacks negatively impacted stock markets around the world, and forced a suspension of trading in U.S. equity markets for an unprecedented four consecutive business days. A
modest rally occurred in global equity markets during the fourth quarter of 2001, but was not enough to put global indices in positive territory for the year. For a more
complete discussion of the impact of the September 11th terrorist attacks, see “September 11th-related Expenses” in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements on
page 59 of the Annual Report and Management’s Discussion and Analysis in the Annual Report, “Business Environment” on page 17, “GMI’s Results of Operations” on page
20, “Non-Interest Expenses, September 11th-related Expenses” on page 28, and “Process Risk” on page 37. See also Item 2 “Properties” below.
In addition to providing historical information, Merrill Lynch may make or publish forward-looking statements about management expectations, strategic objectives,
business prospects, anticipated expense savings and financial results, and other similar matters. A variety of factors, many of which are beyond Merrill Lynch’s control, affect
its operations, performance, business strategy, and results and could cause actual results and experience to differ materially from the expectations and objectives expressed in
these statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, the factors listed in the previous three paragraphs, as well as actions and initiatives of both current and potential
competitors, the effect of current, pending, and future legislation and regulation both in the United States and throughout the world, and the other risks and uncertainties detailed
in Management’s Discussion and Analysis in the Annual Report and throughout this Item 1.
Merrill Lynch undertakes no responsibility to update or revise any forward-looking statements.
Description of Business Activities
The business activities of Merrill Lynch, grouped into three business segments, GMI, Private Client, and MLIM and are described below. Merrill Lynch business activities
are conducted through numerous U.S. and non-U.S. subsidiaries. See Management’s Discussion and Analysis and the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the
Annual Report for further information about Merrill Lynch’s business segments, business activities, services, and the geographic markets within which Merrill Lynch operates.
Businesses within a particular segment can provide services and products to clients of a different business segment. For example, certain MLIM and GMI products are
distributed through Private Client distribution channels, and to a lesser extent, certain MLIM products are distributed through the distribution capabilities of GMI.
The Global Markets & Investment Banking Group
In December 2001, the Corporate and Institutional Client Group changed its name to the Global Markets & Investment Banking Group (“GMI”) in an effort to better
reflect the group’s global markets and investment banking business. GMI provides comprehensive investment banking, financing, and related products and services to
corporations, institutional clients, and sovereign governments throughout the world. These activities are conducted through a
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network of subsidiaries, including Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (“MLPF&S”), Merrill Lynch International (“MLI”), and a number of other subsidiaries
located in and outside the United States. GMI’s activities involve providing investment banking and other strategic mergers and acquisitions advisory services; underwriting;
trading, both as a broker and as a dealer, in equity and equity-linked securities, debt securities, and derivative instruments; corporate lending, including syndicated and bridge
financing; and various other capital markets services, including securities clearance activities.
GMI’s operations in the United States are conducted primarily from Merrill Lynch’s headquarters in New York City and from other office locations throughout the United
States. Merrill Lynch’s GMI activities outside the United States are primarily conducted through MLI, with a significant presence in London, and through many locally
established affiliates strategically located throughout the world. The non-U.S. business is conducted from a network of offices, including representative and liaison offices,
located in 25 countries outside the United States. This office network services corporate clients, sovereign governments, and major “money center” institutions, as well as
thousands of regional institutions.
Investment Banking Activities:
Merrill Lynch is a leading global investment banking firm that participates in every aspect of investment banking for corporate, institutional, and governmental clients and
acts in principal, agency, and advisory capacities. Merrill Lynch provides a wide variety of financial services, including underwriting the sale of securities to the public, privately
placing securities (including those of third party funds) with investors, and developing structured and derivative financing, including project financing, and mortgage and lease
financing. Its financial advisory services include advice on strategic matters, including mergers and acquisitions, divestitures, spin-offs, restructurings, capital structuring,
leveraged buyouts, and defensive projects.
In connection with its investment banking activities, including the underwriting and private placement of securities in connection with, among other things, acquisition
transactions, Merrill Lynch has, from time to time, taken principal positions in transactions and has extended credit to clients in the form of senior and subordinated debt, as well
as provided bridge financing on a select basis, syndicated loans and participated in credit lines for commercial paper programs for certain corporate issuers. Before engaging in
any of these financing activities, an analysis is performed to ascertain the underlying creditworthiness of the particular client and the liquidity of the market for securities that
may be issued in connection with any such financings and to determine the likelihood of refinancing within a reasonable period. In addition, equity interests in the subject
companies are from time to time acquired as part of, or in connection with, such activities.
Brokerage, Dealer and Related Activities:
In the United States, MLPF&S is a broker for corporate, institutional and governmental clients, and is a dealer in the purchase and sale of corporate securities, primarily
equity and debt securities traded on exchanges or in the over-the-counter markets. MLPF&S also acts as a broker and/or a dealer in the purchase and sale of mutual funds,
money market instruments, government securities, high-yield bonds, municipal securities, futures, and options, including option contracts for the purchase and sale of various
types of securities. Merrill Lynch, through MLPF&S, MLI, and various other subsidiaries, is a dealer in equity and fixed income securities of a significant number of U.S. and
non-U.S. issuers, in government obligations of the United States and other sovereigns, in U.S. municipal securities, and in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities.
As an adjunct to its trading activities, Merrill Lynch places its capital at risk by engaging in block positioning to facilitate transactions in large blocks of listed and over-the-
counter securities and by engaging, from time to time, in arbitrage and other transactions for its own account. In its block positioning activities, Merrill Lynch purchases
securities or sells them short for its own account, without having full commitments for their resale or covering purchase, thereby employing its capital to effect large
transactions. Such positioning activities are undertaken after analyzing a given security’s marketability, and any position taken typically is liquidated as soon as practicable. In
addition, Merrill Lynch facilitates various trading strategies involving the purchase and sale of financial futures contracts and options and, in connection with this activity, it may
establish positions for its own account and risk.
Merrill Lynch’s U.S. broker-dealers, MLPF&S and its affiliate, Herzog, Heine, Geduld, LLC (“HHG”), regularly make markets in approximately 12,000 equity securities.
It is anticipated that HHG will complete its merger and integration into MLPF&S by the end of 2002. In addition, MLPF&S engages in dealer transactions in approximately
4,400 securities of non-U.S. issuers traded in the over-the-counter markets. Outside the United States, MLI is a registered market maker in the equity securities of approximately
1,100 non-U.S. corporations. MLPF&S and MLI are also dealers in mortgage-backed, asset-backed, and corporate fixed-income securities.
Historically, the Nasdaq market has been primarily a dealer market. Market makers in dealer markets can realize profits by earning a “spread,” which is the difference
between the prices at which dealers buy and sell securities. The introduction of decimalization in the pricing of equity securities and various other factors has recently decreased
the amount of such spreads. In
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late 2001, MLPF&S instituted a program for providing enhanced brokerage services to certain of its customers with large size Nasdaq orders in exchange for an agreed upon
commission in lieu of the traditional spread.
Merrill Lynch Government Securities Inc. (“MLGSI”) is a primary dealer in obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government and regularly makes a market in
securities issued by Federal agencies and other government-sponsored entities, such as Government National Mortgage Association, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac, among
others. MLGSI deals in mortgage-backed pass-through certificates issued by certain of these entities, and also in related futures, options, and forward contracts for its own
account, to hedge its own risk, and to facilitate customers’ transactions. As a primary dealer, MLGSI acts as a counterparty to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York
(“FRBNY”) in the conduct of open market operations and regularly reports positions and activities to the FRBNY.
An integral part of MLGSI’s business involves entering into repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions. These transactions aid in financing MLGSI’s
inventory and provide short-term investment vehicles for customers, including Merrill Lynch affiliates. As part of MLGSI’s business as a dealer in governmental obligations,
MLGSI also enters into reverse repurchase transactions whereby MLGSI buys securities from counterparties and simultaneously agrees to sell them back at a future date. Such
agreements provide MLGSI with access to desired securities and provide customers with temporary liquidity for their investments in U.S. Government and agency securities.
Various non-U.S. Merrill Lynch subsidiaries act as dealers in certain securities issued or guaranteed by the governments of the countries where such subsidiaries are located.
Derivative Dealing and Foreign Exchange Activities:
Merrill Lynch, through MLPF&S, MLI, Merrill Lynch Capital Services, Inc. (“MLCS”), and Merrill Lynch Derivative Products AG (“MLDP”), acts as an intermediary and
principal in a variety of interest rate, currency, and other over-the-counter derivative transactions. MLI engages in equity and credit derivatives business in the over-the-counter
markets. MLCS and MLDP are Merrill Lynch’s primary interest rate and currency derivative product dealers. MLI is Merrill Lynch’s primary credit and equity derivatives
product dealer.
MLCS primarily acts as a counterparty for certain derivative financial products, including interest rate and currency swaps, caps and floors, and options. MLCS maintains
positions in interest-bearing securities, financial futures, and forward contracts to hedge its interest rate and currency risk related to derivative exposures. In the normal course of
its business, MLCS enters into repurchase and resale agreements with certain affiliated companies. MLCS also engages in certain commodity-related transactions as a principal.
MLDP acts as an intermediary for certain derivative products, including interest rate and currency swaps, between MLCS and counterparties that are highly rated or
otherwise acceptable to MLDP. Its activities address certain swap customers’ preference to limit their trading to those dealers having the highest credit quality. MLDP has been
assigned the Aaa, AAA, and AAA counterparty rating by the rating agencies Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, and Fitch Ratings,
respectively. Customers meeting certain credit criteria enter into swaps with MLDP and, in turn, MLDP enters into offsetting mirror swaps with MLCS. However, MLCS is
required to provide MLDP with collateral to meet certain exposures MLDP may have to MLCS.
MLCMBL (“MLCMBL”), an Irish bank with branch offices in Frankfurt and Milan, acts as a credit intermediary and conducts part of Merrill Lynch’s non-dollar swap
activities. It engages in swap and other derivative transactions, in addition to its underwriting, lending and institutional sales activities.
The Merrill Lynch Global Foreign Exchange group provides foreign exchange trading services to corporations and institutions in various countries through Merrill Lynch
International Bank Limited (“MLIB Limited”). The Merrill Lynch Global Foreign Exchange group has offices in London and agents in New York and Tokyo.
Mortgage Dealing Activities:
Merrill Lynch Mortgage Capital Inc. (“MLMCI”) is a dealer in whole loan mortgages, mortgage loan participations, mortgage servicing, and syndicated commercial loans.
MLMCI, through its CMO Passport/®/ service, provides dealers and investors with general indicative information and analytic capability with respect to collateralized mortgage
obligations, mortgage pass-through certificates, and asset-backed securities. As an integral part of its business, MLMCI enters into repurchase agreements whereby it obtains
funds by pledging its own whole loans as collateral. The repurchase agreements provide financing for MLMCI’s inventory and serve as short-term investments for MLMCI’s
customers. MLMCI also enters into reverse repurchase agreements through which it provides funds to customers collateralized by whole loan mortgages, thereby providing
them with
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temporary liquidity. In addition, MLMCI provides to its clients short-term financing secured by performing and non-performing commercial real estate. MLMCI also makes
proprietary equity investments in U.S. and non-U.S. companies owning performing, sub-performing and non-performing real estate and mortgages. Merrill Lynch Mortgage
Lending, Inc. is a commercial mortgage conduit that makes, and purchases from lenders, both commercial and multi-family mortgage loans and then securitizes these loans for
sale to investors.
Money Markets and Related Activities:
Merrill Lynch, through various subsidiaries including Merrill Lynch Money Markets Inc. (“MLMMI”) and MLPF&S, provides a full range of origination, trading, and
marketing services with respect to money market instruments, such as commercial paper, and institutional and retail certificates of deposit, and with respect to medium-term
notes, bank notes, and auction rate preferred securities.
Merrill Lynch provides standby or “backstop” credit in various forms (including lines of credit, bilateral credit facilities, participation in syndicated loan facilities, and
standby letters of credit) to large institutional clients generally in connection with their commercial paper programs. Merrill Lynch offers this service primarily through its
affiliate Merrill Lynch Bank USA (“MLBUSA”). While these credit facilities are typically available for the commercial paper issuer’s “general corporate purposes,” these
facilities are utilized typically as “backstop” liquidity to repay outstanding commercial paper as it matures or in the event of an inability to “rollover” its commercial paper.
Futures Business Activities:
In November 2001, Merrill Lynch Futures Inc. (“MLF”) was merged with and into MLPF&S with MLPF&S as the surviving entity in the merger. As a result of the merger,
all futures accounts maintained by MLF were assumed by MLPF&S and Merrill Lynch’s futures business activity is now conducted through MLPF&S and other subsidiaries.
MLPF&S holds memberships on all major commodity and financial futures exchanges and clearing associations in the United States and it also carries positions reflecting trades
executed on exchanges outside of the United States. Other Merrill Lynch subsidiaries also hold memberships on major commodity and financial futures exchanges and clearing
associations outside the United States and may also carry positions in proprietary and customer accounts. All futures and futures options transactions are executed, cleared
through, and carried by MLPF&S and other Merrill Lynch subsidiaries engaged in futures activities. In certain contracts, or on certain exchanges, third party brokers are utilized
to execute and clear trades. MLPF&S and certain of its affiliates may also take proprietary market positions in futures and futures options in certain instances.
Securities Services Division:
Merrill Lynch provides securities clearing services for Merrill Lynch, its customers, third party broker-dealers, and other professional trading entities, through its
subsidiaries, Broadcort Capital Corp. (“BCC”) and Merrill Lynch Professional Clearing Corp. (“MLPCC”). BCC provides these services to approximately 100 unaffiliated
broker-dealers. While the introducing broker-dealer firm retains all sales functions with its customers, BCC services the customers’ accounts and handles all settlement and
credit aspects of transactions. MLPCC clears transactions for specialists and market makers on various national and regional stock exchanges and clears futures transactions for
clients through a divisional clearing arrangement with MLPF&S. In addition, MLPCC clears transactions of arbitrageurs, customers, and other professional trading entities.
Merrill Lynch provides financing to clients, including margin lending and other extensions of credit such as repurchase and derivative transactions, and in connection with
prime brokerage services. In a margin-based transaction, Merrill Lynch extends credit for a portion of the market value of the securities in the client’s account up to the limit
imposed by internal Merrill Lynch policies and applicable margin rules and regulations. Since Merrill Lynch may have financial exposure if a client fails to meet a margin call,
any margin loan made by Merrill Lynch is collateralized by securities in the client’s margin account. Financial reviews, margin procedures, and other credit standards have been
implemented in an effort to limit any exposures resulting from this margin lending activity. Interest on margin loans is an important source of revenue for Merrill Lynch. To
finance margin loans, Merrill Lynch uses funds on which it pays interest (including ML & Co. borrowings), funds on which it does not pay interest (including its own capital),
funds derived from clients’ free credit balances to the extent permitted by regulations, and funds derived from securities loaned.
The Private Client Group
Through offices around the world, Private Client provides products and services related to the accumulation and management of wealth, including, for example, brokerage,
dealer and related activities; banking; retirement, investment and custody services; financial services for small and medium-sized businesses; insurance and trust services; and
mortgage lending and
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related activities.
Brokerage, Dealer and Related Activities:
Private Client provides a choice of wealth management services that assist clients around the world to build financial assets and maximize returns in relation to risk
tolerance and investment objectives. In the United States, MLPF&S is a broker (i.e., agent) and a dealer (i.e., acts for its own account) for individual, corporate, institutional and
governmental clients in the purchase and sale of corporate securities, primarily equity and debt securities traded on exchanges or in the over-the-counter markets. MLPF&S also
acts as a broker and a dealer in the purchase and sale of money market instruments, government securities, high-yield bonds, municipal securities, futures, and options. In
addition, MLPF&S acts as selected dealer in the distribution of mutual funds.
MLPF&S has established commission rates or fixed charges for all brokerage services that it performs. For certain accounts, however, MLPF&S’ policy is to negotiate
commissions based on economies of scale and the complexity of the particular trading transaction, and additionally, for its institutional customers, based on the competitive
environment and trading opportunities.
MLPF&S provides financial services to investors in the United States through its 14,000 Financial Advisors. MLPF&S offers to its clients Unlimited Advantage/SM/,
which is a non-discretionary brokerage service for U.S. clients offering transaction and non-transaction services for an annual asset-based fee. Unlimited Advantage clients may
receive a wide array of services, including Financial Advisor advice and guidance, Merrill Lynch research, no per-trade commissions on most transactions, a Cash Management
Account/®/ financial services program (the “CMA/®/ account”), the CMA/®/ Visa/®/ Signature/SM/ program, and online bill payment.
MLPF&S provides a wide range of client services, including trading in equity and fixed-income, and other securities through its securities account services, such as its
CMA/®/ account. At the end of 2001, there were more than 2.6 million CMA accounts with aggregate assets of approximately $626 billion. MLPF&S also offers various
investment advisory products, including Merrill Lynch Consults/®/, Merrill Lynch Mutual Fund Advisor/SM/ program, Merrill Lynch Mutual Fund Advisor Selects/SM/
program, and the Financial Foundation/®/ report. Through Merrill Lynch OnLine/®/, clients can access their Merrill Lynch accounts, including account information, real time
quotes, Merrill Lynch research, and a variety of other investment information. MLPF&S also provides financing to clients, including margin lending and other extensions of
credit. See “Securities Services Division” in this Item 1.
To be more responsive to client needs and enhance the quality of its clients’ experience, Merrill Lynch adopted a multi-channel service model in the United States, more
closely aligning its Financial Advisors with clients based on levels of investable assets. For example, ultra-high-net-worth clients will be aligned with Private Wealth Advisors
(“PWAs”). PWAs are Financial Advisors who have completed a rigorous accreditation program built around skill requirements including trust, tax minimization, restricted
stock, and executive stock options and who focus on clients with more than $10 million of investable assets. For clients with less than $100,000 of investable assets, Merrill
Lynch utilizes its Financial Advisory Center (“FAC”) to more effectively serve these clients. All FAC customers receive a team-based advisory service relationship, with 24-
hour-a-day, seven-day-a-week access by phone or online.
Merrill Lynch also provides electronic brokerage service through Merrill Lynch Direct/SM/, an internet-based brokerage service for U.S. clients preferring a self-directed
approach to investing. Merrill Lynch Direct/SM/ offers online equity and fixed income trading, mutual funds, access to Merrill Lynch research, and a variety of online investing
tools.
Outside the United States, Merrill Lynch provides comprehensive brokerage and investment services and related products, including the CMA account, in a number of
countries to private clients. During 2001, Merrill Lynch refocused and consolidated certain of its private client offices outside the United States. See “Significant Strategic
Initiatives” below. At the end of 2001, there were more than 70,000 International CMA/®/ accounts with aggregate assets of approximately $36 billion. These brokerage
services, investment services, and related products are made available through a network of offices located in 37 countries. In addition, in certain countries such as the United
Kingdom and Japan, clients can open accounts with Merrill Lynch affiliates that are locally regulated. Banking and trust services as well as asset management services are also
offered to private clients in many countries, as described below.
Merrill Lynch HSBC, a 50/50 joint venture between Merrill Lynch and HSBC Holdings plc, provides online financial services to those investors in the United Kingdom,
Australia, and Canada preferring the self-directed approach to investing.
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Banking Activities, Deposit Taking and Lending Services:
MLBUSA and Merrill Lynch Bank & Trust Co. (“MLBT” and with MLBUSA, the “ML U.S. Banks”) are state-chartered depository institutions insured by the FDIC. Both
banks offer certificates of deposit, transaction accounts and money market deposit accounts (including deposit accounts offered through the Merrill Lynch Banking
Advantage/SM/ program for the CMA service, the Retirement Asset Savings Program/SM/ for certain Merrill Lynch retirement accounts, and a deposit account program offered
for Merrill Lynch Direct accounts); and issue VISA/®/ cards. MLBUSA also originates and purchases secured and unsecured loans to both individuals and business entities. As
of December 28, 2001, MLBUSA had total outstanding loan commitments of approximately $5.0 billion.
In June of 2001, the ML U.S. Banks introduced tiered deposit rates for certain deposit products based on the scope of the clients’ relationships with Merrill Lynch as defined
by the value of the assets in their accounts. The combined ML U.S. Banks’ deposits have increased from approximately $55 billion at year-end 2000 to approximately $74
billion by year-end 2001. The ML U.S. Banks’ deposits primarily fund a high credit quality marketable investment securities portfolio which they held.
Retirement Services:
In 2001, MLPF&S formed the Merrill Lynch Retirement Group by combining its Benefits and Investment Solutions division and its Retirement and Education Savings
Marketing divisions. The Merrill Lynch Retirement Group is responsible for approximately $300 billion in retirement assets for approximately 5.7 million individuals. These
assets are held either in individual accounts or through one of approximately 16,300 workplace-based retirement programs covered by the group. Merrill Lynch Retirement
Group also has functional responsibility for its Merrill Lynch Howard Johnson subsidiary that provides specialized custom administrative services to large corporations which
in the aggregate represent 683,000 participants.
MLPF&S provides a wide variety of investment and custodial services to individuals through Individual Retirement Accounts (“IRAs”) and through small business
retirement programs such as the Merrill Lynch Simplified Employee Pension Plan and the Merrill Lynch Simple Retirement Account Plan. MLPF&S also provides investment,
administration, communications, and consulting services to corporations and their employees for their retirement programs. These programs include 401(k), pension, profit-
sharing, and non-qualified deferred compensation plans, as well as other retirement benefit plans.
Business Financial Services:
Merrill Lynch provides financing services to small- and medium-sized businesses in conjunction with the Working Capital Management Account/SM/ (“WCMA/®/
account”) through Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services Inc. (“MLBFS”). The WCMA/®/ account combines business checking, borrowing, investment, and electronic
funds transfer services into one account for participating business clients. At the end of 2001, there were more than 147,000 WCMA accounts that, in the aggregate, had
investment assets of more than $125 billion.
In addition to providing qualifying clients with short-term working capital financing through the WCMA commercial line of credit, MLBFS assists its business clients with
their term lending, equipment, and other asset-based financing needs, and is a source of financing for owner-occupied commercial real estate. In 2001, MLBFS originated more
than $2.4 billion in new commercial loans and, at the end of 2001, total outstanding loans held by MLBFS and its affiliates were more than $4.1 billion, of which over 97%
were secured by tangible assets pledged by customers.
Insurance Activities:
Merrill Lynch’s insurance activities consist of the underwriting of life insurance and annuity products by Merrill Lynch Life Insurance Company (“MLLIC”) and ML Life
Insurance Company of New York (“ML Life”) and of the sale of proprietary and non-proprietary life insurance and annuity products through Merrill Lynch Life Agency Inc.
and other insurance agencies affiliated or associated with MLPF&S operating in the United States.
MLLIC, an Arkansas stock life insurance company, is authorized to underwrite insurance and annuities products in 49 states, Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Guam,
and the United States Virgin Islands. These products are marketed to MLPF&S customers. Although authorized to do so, it does not presently underwrite accident and health
insurance. At year-end 2001, MLLIC had approximately $14.0 billion of life insurance in force. At year-end 2001, MLLIC had annuity contracts in force of more than $9.4
billion in value.
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ML Life, a New York stock life insurance company, is authorized to underwrite life insurance, annuities, and accident and health insurance in nine states; however, it does
not presently underwrite accident and health insurance. At year-end 2001, ML Life had approximately $1.7 billion of life insurance in force, which amount included
approximately $873 million reinsured from yearly renewable term insurance of an unaffiliated insurer. At year-end 2001, ML Life had annuity contracts in force of
approximately $792 million in value.
Through agency agreements, licensed affiliate insurance agencies and other insurance agencies associated with MLPF&S sell life and health insurance and annuity
products. A significant portion of these sales consists of products underwritten by MLLIC and ML Life.
Trust, Mortgage Lending and Related Activities:
Merrill Lynch provides personal trust, employee benefit trust, and custodial services to clients in the United States. In December 2001, Merrill Lynch streamlined the
delivery of trust services in the United States by merging its four state chartered trust institutions into Merrill Lynch Trust Company, FSB, a federally chartered savings bank
subsidiary. Trust services outside of the United States are provided by Merrill Lynch Bank and Trust Company (Cayman) Limited (“MLBT Cayman”).
Merrill Lynch Credit Corporation (“MLCC”), through an outsourcing arrangement with Cendant Mortgage Corporation, offers a broad selection of real estate-based lending
products enabling clients to purchase and refinance their homes as well as to manage their other personal credit needs. MLCC offers a variety of adjustable-rate, fixed-to-
adjustable-rate, and fixed-rate mortgages throughout the United States, including interest-only loans, 100 percent financing with a securities-based pledge, construction-to-
permanent financing, and home equity loans and lines of credit. Substantially all of the origination processing and servicing functions are performed by Cendant Mortgage
Corporation and Merrill Lynch employees are engaged in sales, marketing, and distribution of these products. MLCC offers these financing solutions to Merrill Lynch clients
and prospects through Merrill Lynch’s Financial Advisors and Merrill Lynch websites.
MLIB Limited, a United Kingdom bank and licensed deposit taker under the United Kingdom Banking Act, provides collateralized lending, letter of credit and foreign
exchange services to, and accepts deposits from, international private clients. It also has a global foreign exchange service, which is made available to institutional clients. In
addition, it has a number of branch offices in which Financial Advisors are located, who refer business to the various Private Client account carriers outside of the United
States.
Merrill Lynch Bank (Suisse) S.A. is a Swiss licensed bank, providing a full array of banking and brokerage products, including securities trading and custody, secured loans
and overdrafts, fiduciary deposits, foreign exchange trading and portfolio management services, and individual client services to international private clients.
Merrill Lynch Investment Managers
MLIM is one of the world’s largest asset management organizations with total assets under management of approximately $529 billion at year-end 2001. The principal
subsidiaries engaged in asset management activities conducted through the Merrill Lynch Investment Managers (“MLIM”) brand name are Merrill Lynch Investment Managers
LP (“MLIM LP”) and Merrill Lynch Investment Managers Limited (“MLIM Ltd”).
With portfolio managers located in the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, Australia, Switzerland, and Italy, MLIM manages a wide variety of investment products.
These range from money market funds and other forms of short-term fixed income investments to long-term taxable and tax-exempt fixed income funds or portfolios, along a
broad spectrum of quality ratings and maturities. MLIM also manages a wide variety of equity and balanced funds or portfolios that invest in more than 60 markets globally. It
also sponsors a variety of alternative investment products.
MLIM offers a wide array of taxable fixed-income, tax-exempt fixed-income, equity and balanced open-ended mutual funds. In the United States, the MLIM brand of
mutual funds (except for its money market funds) is generally offered pursuant to the Merrill Lynch Select Pricing/SM/ system, which allows investors four pricing alternatives.
MLIM offers all of its brands of mutual funds to clients in the global markets through both the Merrill Lynch distribution network and through unaffiliated financial
intermediaries. At the end of 2001, MLIM provided global advisory services for open-ended mutual funds, unit investment trusts, and other non-U.S. equivalent products
totalling approximately $200 billion.
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MLIM provides separate account investment management services to a geographically diversified client base that includes pension funds, corporations, governments,
supranational organizations, central banks, and other institutions. Marketing offices in over 15 countries further support these services. At the end of 2001, the total assets
under management of such services were approximately $266 billion. MLIM offers similarly structured separate account investment management services for individual
clients and smaller institutions and corporations in the United States, in the United Kingdom and globally. The total assets under management for these services were $43
billion at the end of 2001.
MLIM also structures and manages a wide variety of alternative investment products, including hedge funds, fund of funds, private equity funds, managed futures, and
exchange funds. These products are sold to both U.S. and non-U.S. high-net-worth and institutional investors. At the end of 2001, MLIM acted as sponsor or trading manager
of alternative investment products, including its fund of funds product, in which a total of approximately $10.4 billion of client capital was committed and approximately $9.8
billion was invested.
MLIM’s Quantitative Advisers group manages assets for institutional investors who seek to track the performance of an index or outperform an index using risk-controlled
enhanced indexing and allocation strategies. The Quantitative Advisers group also manages the Merrill Lynch QA family of hedge funds, which are distributed primarily
through direct sales to institutions and other sophisticated investors in the United States and through Merrill Lynch’s non-U.S. brokerage businesses to high-net-worth
individuals. The Merrill Lynch QA hedge funds collectively held approximately $1.1 billion in assets as of the end of 2001. The Quantitative Advisers group also manages
mutual funds for individual investors that pursue index and asset allocation strategies. At the end of 2001, the Quantitative Advisers group managed a total of approximately
$34 billion.
Other Businesses
Private Equity Investing Activities:
Merrill Lynch is also engaged in the business of sponsoring and managing private equity funds that invest in equity and debt securities of various private companies and of
making investments for its own account in private companies and in private equity funds. In the Merrill Lynch-sponsored funds, a Merrill Lynch entity serves as the general
partner or manager of the funds and may also invest its own capital or monies as a limited partner. The private equity investing activities are undertaken in GMI, MLIM and
Private Client. The other limited partners of the Merrill Lynch-managed funds are corporate and institutional investors as well as Merrill Lynch’s high-net-worth client base
and its eligible employees. Merrill Lynch also invests as a limited partner in third party funds.
Merrill Lynch, through MLPF&S, MLI, and other subsidiaries, may underwrite, trade, invest, and make markets in certain securities of companies in which the Merrill
Lynch managed funds have invested, and may also provide financial advisory services to these companies or maintain a commercial relationship with them. The Merrill
Lynch employees who invest and manage the assets of the Merrill Lynch sponsored funds participate in the profits of these entities.
Research Services:
The Global Securities Research & Economics Group provides equity, fixed-income, and other research services on a global basis to Merrill Lynch’s institutional and
individual client sales forces and their customers. This group covers and distributes fundamental equity and fixed-income research, economic analyses, technical market and
quantitative analyses, convertible securities research, and investment strategy recommendations covering both equity and fixed-income markets.
Merrill Lynch consistently ranks among the leading research providers in the industry, and its analysts and other professionals in 19 countries cover approximately 3,200
companies. Current information and investment opinions on these companies, as well as on industry sectors and countries, are available to Merrill Lynch’s individual and
institutional customers through their Financial Advisors and account executives, and through various electronic means, including Merrill Lynch’s websites.
In mid-2001, in a further effort to ensure the independence and objectivity of its research, Merrill Lynch announced a new policy, which prohibits equity analysts and their
staff members from buying equity shares of companies they cover. In addition, for shares they already hold, they must either divest, transfer the securities to a managed
account over which they have no discretion, or maintain existing shares under stricter disclosure and disposition rules. Further, the existence of any equity position maintained
by any analyst with responsibility for any security discussed in a research report will be described in the research report.
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Significant Strategic Initiatives
During 2001, Merrill Lynch undertook a variety of actions to position the company for improved profitability and growth, including a detailed review of its business
operations to find efficiencies, the resizing of selected businesses, and other structural changes. These actions are expected to yield substantial benefits, including future expense
savings. As a result of these actions Merrill Lynch’s global workforce was reduced by approximately 9,000 employees during the fourth quarter of 2001. This reduction
occurred through the divestiture or the refocusing of certain businesses, voluntary and involuntary severance programs, and the offering of sabbatical programs. For a more
complete discussion of these actions and the related restructuring charge, see Management’s Discussion and Analysis, “Restructuring and Other Charges” on page 28 and Note
2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and “Restructuring Charge” on page 59 of the Annual Report.
As a result of the detailed review undertaken in respect of Private Client and related business activities outside the United States, Merrill Lynch sold its Private Client and
securities clearing businesses in Canada in December 2001, as well as the retail investment management business in Canada in January 2002 and the Private Client business in
South Africa in March 2002. Merrill Lynch is also refocusing and consolidating its Private Client businesses in Japan, and has restructured its Private Client business in
Australia.
As part of its ongoing evaluation of its businesses, Merrill Lynch completed a number of strategic transactions in 2001. These include the sale of certain energy trading
assets to Allegheny Energy Inc., the sale of a portion of its asset management business unit in Los Angeles, the sale of its GMI sales and trading business in the Philippines, the
agreement to sell and outsource its Securities Pricing Service business, and the sale of a number of discrete brokerage businesses. Merrill Lynch also entered into alliances and
ventures to position the Company for opportunities in certain markets, including the spin-off of i-Deal LLC, an internet technology company whose products enable the equity
and taxable debt capital raising process to be conducted over the internet.
Competition
All aspects of Merrill Lynch’s business are intensely competitive, particularly underwriting, trading, and advisory activities, and have been affected by the entry of several
new and non-traditional competitors, such as commercial banks, insurance companies, and on-line financial services providers, and by the consolidation of others. Merrill
Lynch competes for clients, market share, and human talent in every aspect of its business.
Merrill Lynch competes directly on a global basis with other U.S. and non-U.S. trading, investment banking, and financial advisory service firms, and brokers and dealers in
securities and futures. It also competes with commercial banks and their affiliates in these businesses, particularly in its derivatives and capital markets businesses. Many of
Merrill Lynch’s non-U.S. competitors may have competitive advantages in their home markets. Merrill Lynch’s competitive position depends to an extent on prevailing
worldwide economic conditions and U.S. and non-U.S. governmental policies.
Through its subsidiaries and affiliates, Merrill Lynch also competes for investment funds with mutual fund management companies, insurance companies, finance and
investment advisory companies, banks and trust companies, and other institutions. Merrill Lynch competes for individual and institutional clients on the basis of price, the range
of products that it offers, the quality of its services, its financial resources, and product and service innovation. Merrill Lynch’s insurance businesses operate in highly
competitive environments. Many insurance companies, both stock and mutual, are older and larger and have more substantial financial resources and larger agency
relationships than do Merrill Lynch’s insurance subsidiaries.
In the financial services industry, there is significant competition for qualified employees. Merrill Lynch faces competition for qualified employees from both traditional and
non-traditional competitors, including commercial banks, insurance companies, on-line financial services providers, and private equity funds. Merrill Lynch’s ability to compete
effectively in its businesses is substantially dependent on its continuing ability to attract, retain, and motivate qualified employees, including successful Financial Advisors,
investment bankers, trading professionals and other revenue-producing or experienced personnel.
Merrill Lynch’s businesses are highly dependent on the ability to timely process a large number of transactions across numerous and diverse markets in many currencies, at
a time when transaction processes have become increasingly complex and are increasing in volume. The proper functioning of financial, control, accounting and other data
processing systems is critical to Merrill Lynch’s businesses and its ability to compete effectively.
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Regulation
Certain aspects of Merrill Lynch’s business, as with that of its competitors and the financial services industry in general, are subject to stringent regulation by U.S. Federal
and state regulatory agencies and securities exchanges and by various non-U.S. governmental agencies or regulatory bodies, securities exchanges, and central banks, each of
which has been charged with the protection of the financial markets and the interests of those participating in those markets. These regulatory agencies in the United States
include, among others, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
(“FDIC”), the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (“MSRB”), the New York State Banking Department (“NYSBD”), and the Office of Thrift Supervision (“OTS”).
Outside the United States, these regulators include the Financial Services Authority (“FSA”) in the United Kingdom, which in 2001 assumed the regulatory responsibilities of
the Securities and Futures Authority, the Personal Investment Authority, and the Investment Management Regulatory Organization; the Central Bank of Ireland; the Federal
Banking Supervisory Authority in Germany; the Swiss Federal Banking Commission; the Japanese Financial Supervisory Agency; the Monetary Authority of Singapore; the
Office of Superintendent of Financial Institutions in Canada; the Canadian Securities Administrators; the Securities Commission in Argentina; the Securities Commission in
Brazil; the National Securities and Banking Commission in Mexico; and the Securities and Futures Commission in Hong Kong, among many others.
Additional legislation and regulations and changes in rules promulgated by the SEC or other U.S. Federal and state governmental regulatory authorities and self-regulatory
organizations and by non-U.S. government and governmental regulatory agencies may directly affect the manner of operation and profitability of Merrill Lynch. Certain of the
operations of Merrill Lynch are subject to compliance with privacy regulations enacted by the U.S. federal and state governments, the European Union, other jurisdictions,
and/or enacted by the various self-regulatory organizations or exchanges.
United States Regulatory Oversight and Supervision:
MLPF&S and certain other subsidiaries of ML & Co. are registered as broker-dealers with the SEC and as such are subject to regulation by the SEC and by self-regulatory
organizations, such as the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the “NASD”) and securities exchanges (including the New York Stock Exchange, Inc.) of which each
is a member. Certain Merrill Lynch subsidiaries and affiliates, including MLPF&S and the MLIM entities, are registered as investment advisers with the SEC.
The Merrill Lynch entities that are broker-dealers registered with the SEC and members of the U.S. national securities exchanges are subject to Rule 15c3-1 under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) that is designed to measure the general financial condition and liquidity of a broker-dealer. Under this rule, these entities
are required to maintain the minimum net capital deemed necessary to meet broker-dealers’ continuing commitments to customers and others. Under certain circumstances, this
rule limits the ability of ML & Co. to withdraw capital from such broker-dealers. Additional information regarding certain net capital requirements is set forth in Note 16 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements on page 77 of the Annual Report.
Certain Merrill Lynch subsidiaries are also subject to the risk assessment rules adopted by the SEC under the Market Reform Act of 1990 which requires, among other
things, that certain broker-dealers maintain and preserve records and other information, describe risk management policies and procedures, and report on the financial condition
of certain affiliates whose financial and securities activities are reasonably likely to have a material impact on the financial and operating condition of the broker-dealer.
Broker-dealers are also subject to other regulations covering the operations of their business, including sales and trading practices, use of client funds and securities, and the
conduct of directors, officers, and employees. Broker-dealers are also subject to regulation by state securities administrators in those states where they do business. Violations of
the regulations governing the actions of a broker-dealer can result in the revocation of broker-dealer licenses, the imposition of censures or fines, the issuance of cease and
desist orders, and the suspension or expulsion from the securities business of a firm, its officers, or its employees. The SEC and the national securities exchanges emphasize in
particular the need for supervision and control by broker-dealers of their employees.
The SEC, various banking regulators, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, and Congress, among others, have launched a number of initiatives which have the effect
of increasing regulation or requiring greater disclosure by financial institutions and requiring greater disclosure of financial instruments, including derivatives positions and
activities. Merrill Lynch, along with certain other major US securities firms, has implemented a voluntary oversight framework to address issues related to capital, management
controls, and counterparty relationships arising out of the over-the-counter derivatives activities of
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unregulated affiliates of SEC-registered broker-dealers and CFTC-registered futures commission merchants. Merrill Lynch formed its Risk Oversight Committee as an
extension of its risk management process to provide general oversight of risk management for all of its institutional trading activities and to monitor compliance with its
commitments respecting this voluntary oversight initiative.
Each of MLIM Alternative Strategies LLC and QA Advisers, LLC is registered with the CFTC as a commodity pool operator and a commodity trading advisor and each is a
member on the National Futures Association (“NFA”) in such capacities.
MLGSI is subject to regulation by the NASD and the Chicago Board of Trade and is required to maintain minimum net capital pursuant to rules of the U.S. Department of
the Treasury. Merrill Lynch’s municipal finance professionals are subject to various trading and underwriting regulations of the MSRB. MLPF&S and ML Professional
Clearing Corp. are registered futures commission merchants and regulated by the CFTC, the NFA, and the commodity exchanges of which each is a member. The CFTC and the
NFA impose net capital requirements on these companies.
The Commodity Futures Modernization Act of 2000 (“CFMA”) provided, among other things, broad exemptions from the Commodity Exchange Act for over-the-counter
derivatives and permits futures trading on single-stocks and narrow-based stock indices in the United States. The enactment of the CFMA simplified and provided greater legal
certainty to the regulatory environment in which Merrill Lynch’s over-the-counter derivatives businesses operate.
Merrill Lynch’s banking and lending activities are supervised and regulated by a number of different Federal and state regulatory agencies. MLBT is regulated primarily by
the State of New Jersey and by the FDIC.
MLBUSA is regulated primarily by the State of Utah and by the FDIC. MLBFS and MLCC are wholly owned subsidiaries of MLBUSA, and certain of their activities are
regulated and subject to examination by the FDIC and the Utah Department of Financial Institutions. In addition to Utah and the FDIC, MLCC is also licensed or registered to
conduct its lending activities in 35 other jurisdictions and MLBFS is licensed or registered in eight jurisdictions, subjecting each to regulation and examination by the
appropriate authorities in those jurisdictions. Merrill Lynch Trust Company, FSB, a federal savings bank subsidiary, is subject to regulation by the OTS and, in addition, is an
investment adviser subject to regulation by the SEC.
Merrill Lynch’s insurance subsidiaries are subject to state insurance regulatory supervision. ML Life is subject to regulation and supervision by the New York State
Insurance Department. MLLIC is subject to regulation and supervision by the Insurance Department of the State of Arkansas. Both MLLIC and ML Life are subject to similar
regulation in the other states in which they are licensed.
Non-U.S. Regulatory Oversight and Supervision:
Merrill Lynch’s business is also subject to extensive regulation by various non-U.S. governments, securities exchanges, central banks, and regulatory bodies, particularly in
those countries where it has established an office. Certain Merrill Lynch subsidiaries are regulated as broker-dealers under the laws of the jurisdictions in which they operate.
MLI and MLIB Limited (“MLIBL”) are regulated and supervised in the United Kingdom by the FSA and in other jurisdictions, by local regulators. MLCMBL, which
engages in the derivatives business, is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland. MLIBL and MLCMBL are also subject to regulation by the NYSBD. Merrill Lynch’s activities
in Australia are regulated by the Australian Securities and Investment Commission or the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority, and its Hong Kong and Singapore
operations are regulated and supervised by the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission and The Monetary Authority of Singapore, respectively. Merrill Lynch’s
Japanese business is subject to the regulation of the Financial Supervisory Agency as well as other Japanese regulatory authorities. Merrill Lynch Phatra Securities is regulated
primarily by the Securities and Exchange Commission of Thailand and the Stock Exchange of Thailand.
Merrill Lynch Canada Inc. is an investment dealer in Canada and is regulated under the laws of the Canadian provinces by securities commissions and by the Investment
Dealers Association of Canada. It is also a member of all major Canadian exchanges and is subject to their rules and regulations.
The business of MLIM LP and MLIM Ltd is regulated by a number of non-U.S. regulatory agencies or bodies. Their activities in the United Kingdom are regulated by the
FSA and, in other jurisdictions, by local regulators.
Merrill Lynch’s activities in Mexico, Brazil and Argentina are regulated by their respective securities commissions and exchanges as well as other regulatory authorities.
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Merrill Lynch’s subsidiaries engaged in banking and trust activities outside the United States are regulated by various governmental entities in the particular jurisdiction
where they are chartered, incorporated, and/or conduct their business activities. Merrill Lynch Bank (Suisse) S.A. is regulated by the Swiss Federal Banking Commission and
the NYSBD. MLBT Cayman is regulated by the Cayman Monetary Authority and the Florida Department of Banking. Banco Merrill Lynch S.A. is also regulated by the
Brazilian Central Bank.
Item 2. Properties
Merrill Lynch has offices in various locations throughout the world. Other than those described below as being owned, substantially all Merrill Lynch offices are located in
leased premises. Facilities owned or occupied by Merrill Lynch are believed to be adequate for the purposes for which they are currently used and are well maintained. Set forth
below is the location and the approximate square footage of the principal facilities of Merrill Lynch. Each of these principal facilities support various Merrill Lynch segments,
other than the property on King William Street in London referred to below which is utilized solely by Merrill Lynch Investment Managers. Information regarding Merrill
Lynch’s property lease commitments is set forth in “Leases” in Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report.
Principal Facilities in the United States:
Merrill Lynch’s executive offices and principal administrative offices are located in leased premises at the World Financial Center in New York City. Separate Merrill
Lynch affiliates lease the North Tower (1,800,000 square feet) and the South Tower (2,500,000 square feet); both leases expire in 2013. Another Merrill Lynch affiliate is a
partner in the partnership that holds the ground lessee’s interest in the North Tower. The September 11th terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center complex damaged buildings
occupied by Merrill Lynch and caused the temporary relocation of employees from the North and South Towers. By the end of 2001, Merrill Lynch had reoccupied and
reestablished business operations in the North Tower and is in the process of restoring the South Tower for occupancy. Merrill Lynch occupies the entire North Tower. After the
South Tower restoration is completed, Merrill Lynch plans to reoccupy approximately 25 percent of the South Tower, down, because of reduced real estate requirements, from
the approximately 50 percent of the South Tower that it occupied prior to September 11th.
In New York City, MLPF&S holds a lease for 662,000 square feet in lower Manhattan expiring in 2007. Merrill Lynch occupies 60 percent of a 760,000 square foot
building at 222 Broadway that is owned by a Merrill Lynch subsidiary; as third party leases expire, Merrill Lynch intends to occupy the entire building. The September 11th
terrorist attacks also caused the temporary relocation of employees from this building. Merrill Lynch also has reoccupied and reestablished business operations in this building.
In New Jersey, certain Merrill Lynch affiliates own a 389,000 square foot hotel, conference and training center and a 669,000 square foot office building in Plainsboro, and a
414,000 square foot building on 34 acres at 300 Davidson Avenue in Somerset that was vacated in 2001. MLPF&S holds a 590,000 square foot lease at 101 Hudson Street in
Jersey City. A Merrill Lynch affiliate utilizes facilities of 1,251,000 square feet of office space and 273,000 square feet of ancillary buildings on land owned by it in Hopewell,
New Jersey that will consolidate existing operations and allow for future expansion. Merrill Lynch currently occupies approximately 80 percent of this facility. Merrill Lynch
affiliates own a 54-acre campus in Jacksonville, Florida, with four buildings (a large portion of one of which is leased to a third party) and a 70-acre campus in Englewood,
Colorado with two buildings that Merrill Lynch plans to close in the second quarter of 2002.
Principal Facilities Outside the United States:
Merrill Lynch occupies various sites in London. In 1998, Merrill Lynch purchased a freehold site in the City of London and has recently completed the construction of a
headquarters complex of 560,000 square feet (460,000 of which are currently occupied). This new headquarters (known as Merrill Lynch Financial Centre) is intended to
replace a facility on Ropemaker Place. Merrill Lynch holds a lease of 137,000 square feet (118,000 of which are occupied) on 33 King William Street expiring in 2014, and a
lease of 74,000 square feet (50,000 of which are occupied) on 33 Chester Street expiring in 2006. In addition, Merrill Lynch leases support facilities of 204,000 square feet
(170,000 of which are occupied) expiring in 2015. In April 2001, Merrill Lynch entered into a commitment to lease 350,000 square feet in Tokyo to house Merrill Lynch’s new
headquarters in Japan. This building is under construction and it is expected to be occupied in 2004. It is planned that the new headquarters will replace certain other leased
facilities in Tokyo.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
ML & Co., certain of its subsidiaries, including MLPF&S, and other persons have been named as parties in various legal actions and arbitration proceedings arising in
connection with the operation of ML & Co.’s businesses.
Merrill Lynch believes it has strong defenses to, and where appropriate, will vigorously contest, any of the actions described above that have not already been dismissed or
settled. Although the ultimate outcome of these and other legal actions, arbitration proceedings, and claims pending against ML & Co. or its subsidiaries as of March 14, 2002
cannot be ascertained at this time and the results of legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, it is the opinion of management that the resolution of the actions will
not have a material adverse effect on the financial position of Merrill Lynch as set forth in the Consolidated Financial Statements of Merrill Lynch included in the Annual
Report, but may be material to Merrill Lynch’s operating results for any particular period.
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IPO Allocation Class Actions:
Between March and December 2001, purported class actions involving the allocation of securities in initial public offerings (IPOs) were brought against over a thousand
defendants, including Merrill Lynch, in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. The complaints allege that defendants violated securities and
antitrust laws by allegedly requiring customers who were allocated IPO securities to pay back some of their profits in the form of higher commissions and to buy securities in
the aftermarket at inflated prices. Some of the complaints also allege that research issued by the financial services firms, including Merrill Lynch, improperly increased the price
of the IPO securities in the aftermarket. The complaints seek unspecified damages and other relief.
Research Class Actions:
Beginning in June 2001, purported class actions were brought against a number of firms, including Merrill Lynch, challenging the independence and objectivity of research
recommendations issued by firms that both issue research and conduct investment banking activities. These actions were brought in the United States District Courts for the
Southern and Eastern Districts of New York and in New York state court. The complaints seek unspecified damages and other relief. Merrill Lynch, together with other
financial services firms, received requests for information from governmental agencies in connection with their review of research independence issues. Consistent with its
policy, Merrill Lynch is cooperating with the requests.
Unilever Case:
In December 2001, Merrill Lynch settled an action brought by the Unilever Superannuation Trustees Limited as corporate trustee of the Unilever Superannuation Fund in
the Commercial Division of the High Court in London England. The plaintiff alleged that Mercury Asset Management Ltd (“Mercury”), which Merrill Lynch acquired in
December 1997, had invested assets of the fund negligently between January 1997 and March 1998. The matter was settled without any finding or admission of liability.
Shareholder Derivative Litigation:
In the shareholder derivative actions discussed below, ML & Co. is named as a nominal defendant because the action purports to be brought on behalf of ML & Co. Any
recovery obtained by plaintiffs would be for the benefit of ML & Co.
Miller v. Schreyer, et al., a consolidated derivative action instituted October 11, 1991 in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County, alleges, among
other things, breach of fiduciary duty against certain present or former ML & Co. directors, and against Transmark USA, Inc. and one of its principals in connection with
securities trading transactions that occurred at year-end 1984, 1985, 1986, and 1988 between subsidiaries of ML & Co. and a subsidiary of Transmark USA, Inc., Guarantee
Security Life Insurance Company, which was later liquidated. Damages in an unspecified amount are sought. Merrill Lynch has moved to dismiss the action, and is awaiting a
decision on its motion.
On October 22, 2001, Merrill Lynch entered into a Stipulation of Dismissal to dismiss without prejudice the purported shareholder derivative action commenced against ML
& Co. and members of its Board of Directors in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York instituted on June 14, 2001. The complaint alleged that
the directors breached their duties by causing and/or allowing Merrill Lynch to engage in the purported conduct alleged in IPO Allocation Class Actions described above and
sought unspecified damages and other relief.
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Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
There were no matters submitted to a vote of security holders during the 2001 fourth quarter.
15
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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
The following table sets forth the name, age, present title, principal occupation, and certain biographical information for the past five years for ML & Co.’s executive
officers, all of whom have been elected by the ML & Co. Board of Directors. Unless otherwise indicated, the officers listed are of ML & Co. Under ML & Co.’s by-laws,
elected officers are elected annually to hold office until their successors are elected and qualify or until their earlier resignation or removal.
David H. Komansky, 62
Chairman of the Board since April 1997; Chief Executive Officer since December 1996; President and Chief Operating Officer from January 1995 to April 1997.
E. Stanley O’Neal, 50
President and Chief Operating Officer since July 2001; Executive Vice President from April 1997 to July 2001; President of U.S. Private Client Group from February 2000 to
July 2001; Chief Financial Officer from March 1998 to February 2000; Co-Head of Corporate and Institutional Client Group (now known as GMI) from April 1997 to March
1998; Managing Director and Head of Global Capital Markets Group from April 1995 to April 1997.
Rosemary T. Berkery, 48
Executive Vice President since October 2001; General Counsel since September 2001; Senior Vice President and Head of U.S. Private Client Group Marketing and Investments
from June 2000 until September 2001; Co-Director of Global Securities Research and Economics Group from April 1997 to June 2000; Senior Vice President and Associate
General Counsel from November 1995 to April 1997.
Thomas W. Davis, 48
Executive Vice President since April 1997 and Vice Chairman, Private Equity and Global Research and Economics Group since October 2001; President of Corporate and
Institutional Client Group (now known as GMI) from March 1998 to October 2001; Co-Head of Corporate and Institutional Client Group from April 1997 to March 1998;
Managing Director and Co-Head of Investment Banking Group from April 1995 to April 1997.
James P. Gorman, 43
Executive Vice President since July 1999; President of U.S. Private Client Group since September 2001; Head of U.S. Private Client Relationship Group from May 2000 to
September 2001; Chief Marketing Officer from July 1999 to May 2000; Joined Merrill Lynch in July 1999. Prior to joining Merrill Lynch, Senior Partner, Financial Institutions
Practice of McKinsey & Company, Inc. from July 1997 to July 1999 and Partner, Financial Institutions Practice of McKinsey & Company, Inc. from December 1992 to July
1997.
Jerome P. Kenney, 60
Executive Vice President since September 1984 and Vice Chairman, Client Relationship Management since February 2002; Head of Corporate Strategy from October 2001 to
February 2002; Head of Corporate Strategy and Research from October 1990 to October 2001.
Michael J. P. Marks, 60
Executive Vice President since January 2001; Chairman, International Private Client Group since September 2001; Chairman, Merrill Lynch Investment Managers since
September 2001; Executive Chairman of Merrill Lynch Europe, Middle East & Africa (“MLEMEA”) since February 1998; Chief Operating Officer of MLEMEA from April
1997 to February 1998; Co-Head of Global Equity Markets Group from October 1995 to April 1997.
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John A. McKinley, Jr., 44
Executive Vice President since January 2000; Head of Global Technology & Services since February 2002; Head of the Technology Group from January 1999 to February
2002; Chief Technology Officer since October 1998; Senior Vice President of Technology Group from October 1998 to January 2000. Joined Merrill Lynch in October 1998.
Prior to joining Merrill Lynch, Chief Technology and Information Officer of GE Capital from October 1995 to October 1998.
Thomas H. Patrick, 58
Executive Vice President since July 1989; Chief Financial Officer since February 2000; Chairman of Special Advisory Services from March 1993 to February 2000.
Paul D. Roy, 54
Executive Vice President and Co-President of Global Markets and Investment Banking Group since October 2001; Senior Vice President and Head of Global Equity Markets
from July 1998 to October 2001; Managing Director and Head of Merrill Lynch Europe, Middle East & Africa Equity Markets from July 1995 to July 1998.
Arshad R. Zakaria, 40
Executive Vice President and Co-President of Global Markets and Investment Banking Group since October 2001; Senior Vice President and Head of Corporate Risk
Management from May 2000 to October 2001; Managing Director and Head of Corporate Finance Group from March 1999 to May 2000; Managing Director and Chief
Operating Officer of Corporate Finance Group from May 1996 to March 1999.
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PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters
The principal market in which the Registrant’s Common Stock is traded is the New York Stock Exchange. The high and low sales prices per share for each full quarterly
period within the two most recent fiscal years, the approximate number of holders of record of Common Stock, and the frequency and amount of any cash dividends declared
for the two most recent fiscal years, is set forth under the captions “Dividends Per Common Share” and “Stockholder Information” on page 79 of the Annual Report and such
information is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
Selected financial data for the Registrant and its subsidiaries for each of the last five fiscal years is set forth in the financial table “Selected Financial Data” on page 16 of
the Annual Report (excluding for this purpose the financial ratio, leverage, and employee information set forth under the headings “Financial Ratios” and “Other Statistics”).
Such information, which was also previously filed by the Registrant on Form 8-K on March 7, 2002, is incorporated herein by reference and should be read in conjunction with
the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto on pages 42 to 78 of the Annual Report.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“Management’s Discussion and Analysis”) is set forth on pages 17 to 40 of the
Annual Report* under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis.” The Management’s Discussion and Analysis, which was also previously filed by the Registrant on
Form 8-K on March 7, 2002, is incorporated herein by reference. All of such information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the
Notes thereto on pages 42 to 78 of the Annual Report).
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Quantitative and qualitative disclosure about market risk is set forth on pages 35 to 36 of the Annual Report under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis” and
in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Such information is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The Consolidated Financial Statements of the Registrant and its subsidiaries, together with the Notes thereto and the Report of Independent Auditors thereon, are contained
in the Annual Report on pages 42 to 78, and are incorporated herein by reference. In addition, the information under the caption “Quarterly Information” on page 79 of the
Annual Report is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
There were no changes in or disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure during the last two fiscal years.
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant
Information relating to directors of the Registrant set forth under the caption “Election of Directors” on pages 4 to 8 of the 2002 Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of
Stockholders of ML & Co. dated March 15, 2002 (“2002 Proxy Statement”) is incorporated herein by reference. Information relating to the executive officers of the Registrant
is set forth at the end of Part I of this Form 10-K under the caption “Executive Officers of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.”
Item 11. Executive Compensation
Information relating to the compensation of the ML & Co. executive officers and directors set forth on pages 15 to 27 of the 2002 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by
reference.
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Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
The information concerning security ownership of certain beneficial owners of ML & Co. Common Stock on page 14 of the 2002 Proxy Statement and the information
concerning the security ownership of ML & Co. directors and executive officers on page 13 of the 2002 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
Information regarding certain relationships and related transactions set forth under the caption “Certain Transactions” on page 27 of the 2002 Proxy Statement is
incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule, and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) Documents filed as part of this Report:
1. Consolidated Financial Statements
The consolidated financial statements required to be filed hereunder are listed on page F-1 hereof by reference to the corresponding page number in the Annual
Report.
2. Financial Statement Schedule
The financial statement schedule required to be filed hereunder is listed on page F-1 hereof and the schedule included herewith appears on pages F-2 through F-7
hereof.
3. Exhibits
Certain of the following exhibits were previously filed as exhibits to other reports or registration statements filed by the Registrant and are incorporated herein by
reference to such reports or registration statements as indicated parenthetically below by the appropriate report reference date or registration statement number. For
convenience, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and Registration Statements on Form S-3 are
designated herein as “10-Q,” “10-K,” “8-K,” and “S-3,” respectively.
(3) Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws
(i) Restated Certificate of Incorporation of ML & Co., effective as of May 3, 2001 (Exhibit (3)(i) to 10-Q for the quarter ended March 30, 2001 (“First Quarter 2001
10-Q”)).
(ii) By-Laws of ML & Co., effective as of July 23, 2001 (Exhibit (3) to 10-Q for the quarter ended June 29, 2001 (“Second Quarter 2001 10-Q”)).
(4) Instruments defining the rights of security holders, including indentures
ML & Co. hereby undertakes to furnish to the SEC, upon request, copies of any agreements not filed defining the rights of holders of long-term debt securities of
ML & Co., none of which authorize an amount of securities that exceed 10% of the total assets of ML & Co.
(i) Senior Indenture dated as of April 1, 1983, as amended and restated as of April 1, 1987 between ML & Co. and The Chase Manhattan Bank (formerly known as
Chemical Bank, as successor by merger to Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company) (the “1983 Senior Indenture”) and the Supplemental Indenture thereto dated as
of March 15, 1990 (filed as Exhibit 4(i) to 1999 10-K for fiscal year ended December 29, 1999 (“1999 10-K”)).
(ii)
Sixth Supplemental Indenture dated as of October 25, 1993 to the 1983 Senior Indenture (filed as Exhibit 4(ii) to 1999 10-K).
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(iii) Twelfth Supplemental Indenture to the 1983 Senior Indenture dated as of September 1, 1998 between ML & Co. and The Chase Manhattan Bank (formerly known as
Chemical Bank, as successor by merger to Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company) (Exhibit 4(a) to 8-K dated October 21, 1998).
(iv) Senior Indenture dated as of October 1, 1993 between ML & Co. and The Chase Manhattan Bank (successor by merger to The Chase Manhattan Bank N.A.) (the “1993
Senior Indenture”) (Exhibit (4)(iv) to 10-K for fiscal year ended December 25,1998 (“1998 10-K”)).
(v) First Supplemental Indenture to the 1993 Senior Indenture, dated as of June 1, 1998, between ML & Co. and The Chase Manhattan Bank (successor by merger to The
Chase Manhattan Bank N.A.) (Exhibit 4(a) to 8-K dated July 2, 1998).
(vi) Form of certificate representing Preferred Stock of ML & Co. (Exhibit 4(d) to S-3 (file no. 33-55363)).
(vii) Form of Depositary Receipt evidencing the Depositary Shares for the 9% Preferred Stock (filed as Exhibit (3)(i)(c) to 1999 10-K).
(viii) Deposit Agreement dated as of November 3, 1994 among ML & Co., Citibank, N.A. as Depositary, and the holders from time to time of the Depositary Receipts (filed
as Exhibit (3)(i)(e) to 1999 10-K).
(ix)
Form of Amended and Restated Rights Agreement dated as of December 2, 1997, between ML & Co. and ChaseMellon Shareholder Services, L.L.C. (Exhibit 4 to 8-K
dated December 2, 1997).
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(10) Material Contracts
(i) ML & Co. Equity Capital Accumulation Plan, as amended through July 26, 1999 (Exhibit 10(iii) to Second Quarter 1999 10-Q).
(ii) Written description of retirement programs for non-employee directors (page 24 of ML & Co.’s Proxy Statement for the 2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
contained in ML & Co.’s Schedule 14A filed on March 14, 2002).
(iii) Form of Severance Agreement between ML & Co. and certain of its directors and executive officers (Exhibit 10(x) to 10-K for fiscal year ended December 29,
1995).
(iv) Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into with all current directors of ML & Co. and to be entered into with all future directors of ML & Co. (Exhibit
10(viii) to 1998 10-K).
(v) Written description of ML & Co.’s incentive compensation programs (Exhibit 10(ix) to 1998 10-K).
(vi) Written description of ML & Co.’s compensation policy for executive officers and directors (pages 15 to 17 and pages 24 to 25 of ML & Co.’s Proxy Statement
for the 2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders contained in ML & Co.’s Schedule 14A filed on March 14, 2002).
(vii) Form of Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Merrill Lynch KECALP L.P. 1986 (Exhibit 1(b) to Registration Statement on Form N-2
(File No. 2-99800)).
(viii) Form of Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Merrill Lynch KECALP L.P. 1987 (Exhibit 1(b) to Registration Statement on Form N-2
(File No. 33-11355)).
(ix)
Form of Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Merrill Lynch KECALP L.P. 1989 (Exhibit 1(b) to Registration Statement on Form N-2
(File No. 33-26561)).
(x)
Form of Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Merrill Lynch KECALP L.P. 1991 (Exhibit 1(b) to Registration Statement on Form N-2
(File No. 33-39489)).
(xi)
Form of Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Merrill Lynch KECALP L.P. 1994 (Exhibit (a)(ii) to Registration Statement on Form N-2
(File No. 33-51825)).
(xii) Form of Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Merrill Lynch KECALP L.P. 1997 (Exhibit (a)(ii) to Registration Statement on Form N-2
(File No. 333-15035)).
(xiii) Form of Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Merrill Lynch KECALP L.P. 1999 (Exhibit (a)(ii) to Registration Statement on Form N-2
(File No. 333-59143)).
(xiv) ML & Co. Deferred Restricted Unit Plan for Executive Officers (Exhibit 10(xxiii) to 10-K for fiscal year ended December 27, 1996 (“1996 10-K”)).
(xv)
Amendment dated February 12, 1998 to the ML & Co. Deferred Restricted Unit Plan for Executive Officers (Exhibit 10.32 to 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 26, 1997 (“1997 10-K”)).
(xvi) ML & Co. Fee Deferral Plan for Non-Employee Directors, as amended through April 15, 1997 (Exhibit 10 to 1997 10-Q for the quarter ended March 28, 1997).
(xvii) Form of ML & Co. Amended and Restated 1994 Deferred Compensation Agreement for a Select Group of Eligible Employees, as amended through November
10, 1994 (Exhibit 10(ii) to 1999 10-K).
(xviii) ML & Co. 1995 Deferred Compensation Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees (Exhibit 10(xix) to 1999 10-K).
(xix) ML & Co. 1996 Deferred Compensation Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees (Exhibit 10(i) to 10-Q for the quarter ended September 29, 1995).
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(xx) ML & Co. 1997 Deferred Compensation Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees (Exhibit 10(xxvii) to 1996 10-K).
(xxi) ML & Co. 1998 Deferred Compensation Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees (Exhibit 10(i) to 10-Q for the quarter ended September 26, 1997
(the “Third Quarter 1997 10-Q”)).
(xxii) ML & Co. 2000 Deferred Compensation Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees (filed as Exhibit 10(xxiv) to 1999 10-K).
*(xxiii) ML & Co. 2001 Deferred Compensation Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees.
(xxiv) ML & Co. 1997 KECALP Deferred Compensation Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees (Exhibit 10(i) to 10-Q for the quarter ended June 27,
1997).
*(xxv) ML & Co. 2002 Deferred Compensation Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees.
(xxvi) Amendment dated September 18, 1996 to Deferred Compensation Plans (amending the Amended and Restated 1994 Deferred Compensation Agreement
for a Select Group of Eligible Employees, the ML & Co. 1995 Deferred Compensation Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees, and the ML & Co.
1996 Deferred Compensation Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees) (Exhibit 10 (xxxii) to 1996 10-K).
(xxvii) Amendment dated February 12, 1998 to the ML & Co. Deferred Compensation Plans for a Select Group of Eligible Employees for the years 1994, 1995,
1996, and 1997 (Exhibit 10.31 to 1997 10-K).
(xxviii) ML & Co. 1997 KECALP Deferred Compensation Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees (Exhibit 10(i) to Second Quarter 1997 10-Q).
(xxix) ML & Co. Deferred Stock Unit and Stock Option Plan for Non-Employee Directors (Exhibit 10 to 10-Q for the quarter ended March 30, 2001).
*(xxx) ML & Co. Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan for Managers and Producers, as amended April 27, 2001.
(xxxi) ML & Co. Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended April 27, 2001 (Exhibit 10(i) to 10-Q for the quarter ended June 29, 2001 (the “Second
Quarter 2001 10-Q”)).
*(xxxii) Form of Executive Annuity Agreement by and between ML & Co. and certain of its high level senior executive officers.
*(12) Statement re computation of ratios.
*(13) Excerpt of 2001 Annual Report to Stockholders.
*(21) Subsidiaries of ML & Co.
*(23) Consent of Independent Auditors, Deloitte & Touche LLP.
(99) Additional Exhibits.
*(i) Opinion of Deloitte & Touche LLP with respect to the Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred
Stock Dividends, which is included in Exhibit 12.
*(ii) Opinion of Deloitte & Touche LLP with respect to certain information in the Selected Financial Data, which is incorporated by reference in Part II, Item 6.
* Filed herewith
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(b) Reports on Form 8-K:
The following Current Reports on Form 8-K were filed with or furnished to the SEC during the fourth quarter of 2001.
(i) Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 12, 2001 for the purpose of furnishing notice of a webcast of a conference call scheduled for October 18, 2001 to
review ML & Co.’s operating results
(ii) Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 18, 2001 for the purpose of filing ML & Co.’s Preliminary Unaudited Earnings Summary for the three and nine-month
periods ended September 28, 2001.
(iii) Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 23, 2001 for the purpose of filing the form of ML & Co.’s 8% Callable Stock Return Income Debt Securities/®/ due
October 23, 2003.
(iv) Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 31, 2001 for the purpose of filing ML & Co.’s Preliminary Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 28,
2001.
(v) Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 1, 2001 for the purpose of filing the form of ML & Co.’s 9% Callable Stock Return Income Debt Securities due
November 3, 2003.
(vi) Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 2, 2001 for the purpose of filing the form of ML & Co.’s Strategic Return Notes due November 2, 2006.
(vii) Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 21, 2001 for the purpose of filing the form of ML & Co.’s 8% Callable Stock Return Income Debt Securities due
November 21, 2003.
(viii) Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 30, 2001 for the purpose of filing the form of ML & Co.’s Enhanced Return Notes Linked to the Nasdaq-100
Index/®/ due February 28, 2003.
*
Filed herewith
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MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
ITEMS 14(A)(1) AND 14(A)(2)
Page Reference
Form10-K
2001 Annual
Report to
Stockholders
Consolidated Financial Statements
Independent Auditors’ Report
42
Consolidated Statements of Earnings
43
Consolidated Balance Sheets
44-45
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
46
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
47
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
48
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
49-78
Financial Statements Schedule
Schedule I - Condensed Financial Information of Registrant F-2 to F-6
Condensed Statements of Earnings
F-2
Condensed Balance Sheets
F-3
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
F-4
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
F-5 to F-6
Independent Auditors’ Report
F-7
Specifically incorporated elsewhere herein by reference are certain portions of the following unaudited items:
(i) Selected Financial Data*
16
(ii) Management’s Discussion and Analysis*
17-40
(iii) Quarterly Information
79
Schedules not listed are omitted because of the absence of the conditions under which they are required or because the information is included in the Consolidated Financial
Statements and Notes thereto in the 2001 Annual Report to Stockholders, which are incorporated herein by reference.
* This information was previously filed on Form 8-K on March 7, 2002 and except for pagination, the Selected Financial Data and Management’s Discussion and Analysis
contained in the Form 8-K is identical to the Selected Financial Data and Management’s Discussion and Analysis contained in the 2001 Annual Report to Stockholders.
F-1
Table of Contents
Schedule I
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
(Parent Company Only)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
(dollars in millions)
Year Ended Last Friday in December
2001
2000
1999
REVENUES
Interest (principally from affiliates) $ 3,397 $ 5,314 $ 3,693
Management service fees (from affiliates) 448 448 336
Other 14 16 20
Total Revenues 3,859 5,778 4,049
Interest Expense 3,694 5,401 4,094
Net Revenues 165 377 (45)
NON-INTEREST EXPENSES
Compensation and benefits 316 435 323
Restructuring charge
239
-
-
September 11th-related
71
-
-
Other 375 605 358
Total Non-Interest Expenses 1,001 1,040 681
EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF AFFILIATES 1,095 4,127 3,179
EARNINGS BEFORE INCOME TAXES 259 3,464 2,453
Income Tax Benefit
314 320 240
NET EARNINGS $ 573 $ 3,784 $ 2,693
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET OF TAX (23) 45 (268)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME $ 550 $ 3,829 $ 2,425
NET EARNINGS APPLICABLE TO
COMMON STOCKHOLDERS $ 535 $ 3,745 $ 2,654
See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
F-2
Table of Contents
Schedule I
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
(Parent Company Only)
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
Deceember 28,
2001
December 29,
2000
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 822 $ 5
Marketable investment securities 2,392 7,394
Loans to, receivables from and preference securities of affiliates 80,621 80,845
Investments in affiliates, at equity 22,238 21,435
Equipment and facilities (net of accumulated
depreciation and amortization of $201 in 2001 and $377 in 2000) 120 175
Other receivables and assets 3,232 2,473
TOTAL ASSETS $ 109,425 $ 112,327
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
LIABILITIES
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings $ 1,909 $ 12,978
Loans from and payables to affiliates 10,237 7,409
Other liabilities and accrued interest 4,666 6,299
Long-term borrowings 72,605 67,337
Total Liabilities 89,417 94,023
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred Stockholders’ Equity 425 425
Common Stockholders’ Equity:
Shares exchangeable into common stock
62 68
Common stock, par value $1.33 1/3 per share; authorized: 3,000,000,000 shares; issued: 2001 – 962,533,498 shares; 2000 –
962,533,498 shares
1,283 1,283
Paid-in capital 4,209 2,843
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (net of tax)
(368)
(345)
Retained earnings 16,150 16,156
21,336 20,005
Less: Treasury stock, at cost:
2001 – 119,059,651 shares; 2000 – 154,578,945 shares 977 1,273
Unamortized employee stock grants 776 853
Total Common Stockholders’ Equity 19,583 17,879
Total Stockholders’ Equity 20,008 18,304
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY $ 109,425 $ 112,327
See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
F-3
Table of Contents
Schedule I
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
(Parent Company Only)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in millions)
Year Ended Last Friday in December
2001
2000
1999
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net Earnings $ 573 $ 3,784 $ 2,693
Noncash items included in earnings:
Equity in earnings of affiliates (1,095 ) (4,127) (3,179)
Depreciation and amortization 65 53 45
Amortization of stock-based compensation
84 23 17
Restructuring charge 144 - -
Other (303) (98) 20
(Increase) decrease in
Operating assets, net of operating liabilities (316) 956 (287)
Dividends and partnerships distributions from affiliates 1,113 1,332 1,764
Cash Provided by Operating Activities 265 1,923 1,073
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Proceeds from (payments for):
Loans to affiliates, net of payments 3,162 5,121 (2,106)
Sales of available-for-sale securities 7,447 124 12
Purchases of available-for-sale securities (2,449 ) (6,315) (1,198)
Investments in affiliates, net of dispositions (886) (7,178) (4)
Equipment and facilities (104) (18) (95)
Cash Provided by (Used for) Investing Activities 7,170 (8,266) (3,391)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds from (payments for):
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings (11,069) (11,079) 7,071
Issuance and resale of long-term borrowings 35,380 25,888 11,685
Settlement and repurchase of long-term borrowings (31,211) (9,507) (16,092)
Common stock transactions 861 1,182 459
Dividends to shareholders (579) (515) (426)
Cash (Used for) Provided by Financing Activities (6,618 ) 5,969 2,697
Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents 817 (374) 379
Cash and Cash Equivalents, beginning of year 5 379 -
Cash and Cash Equivalents, end of year $ 822 $ 5 $ 379
Supplemental Disclosure
Cash paid for:
Income taxes $ 313 $ 85 $ 261
Interest 4,471 5,109 4,149
See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
F-4
Table of Contents
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (PARENT COMPANY ONLY)
NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The condensed unconsolidated financial statements of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. (“ML & Co.” or the “Parent Company”) should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated
Financial Statements of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively, “Merrill Lynch”) and the Notes thereto in the Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report to
Stockholders (the “Annual Report”) included as an exhibit to this Form 10-K. Certain reclassification and format changes have been made to prior year amounts to conform to
the current year presentation. All 1999 amounts have been restated to reflect the 2000 merger of Herzog, Heine, Geduld, Inc. (“Herzog”) with Merrill Lynch, which was
accounted for as a pooling-of-interests (see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report), and the two-for-one common stock split (see Note 11 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report).
Investments in affiliates are accounted for in accordance with the equity method.
For information on the following, refer to the indicated Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements within the Annual Report.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Note
1)
Loans, Notes, and Mortgages (Note
7)
Commercial Paper and Short- and Long-Term Borrowings (Note
8)
Stockholders’ Equity (Note
11)
Commitments and Contingencies (Note
12)
Employee Incentive Plans (Note
14)
The Parent Company hedges certain risks arising from long-term borrowing payment obligations and investments in and loans to foreign subsidiaries. See Notes 8 and 1
(Derivatives section) to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report, respectively, for additional information on these hedges.
NOTE 2. OTHER SIGNIFICANT EVENTS
Restructuring Charge
During the fourth quarter of 2001, Merrill Lynch’s management formally committed to a restructuring plan designed to position Merrill Lynch for improved profitability and
growth which included the resizing of selected businesses and other structural changes.
As a result, ML & Co. incurred a fourth quarter pre-tax restructuring charge to earnings of $239 million.
Restructuring charges relate primarily to severance costs of $95 million, facilities costs of $120 million, and technology and fixed asset write-offs of $17 million. Structural
changes include targeted workforce reductions of approximately 222 through a combination of involuntary and voluntary separations, across various business groups. At
December 28, 2001, the majority of employee separations were completed or announced and all had been identified. The $95 million of severance costs include non-cash
charges related to accelerated stock amortization for stock grants associated with employee separations totaling $17 million. Cash severance payments of $8 million have been
made as of year-end. Facilities-related costs include the closure or subletting of excess space. Management expects the remaining employee separations to be completed in 2002
and anticipates that substantially all of the cash payments related to real estate and severance will be funded by cash from operations.
For information on the consolidated restructuring charges, refer to Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements within the Annual Report.
F-5
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September 11th-Related Expenses
On September 11th, terrorists attacked the World Trade Center complex, which subsequently collapsed and damaged surrounding buildings, some of which were occupied by
Merrill Lynch. These events caused the temporary relocation of approximately 9,000 employees from Merrill Lynch’s global headquarters in the North Tower of the World
Financial Center, the South Tower of the World Financial Center and from offices at 222 Broadway to back-up facilities.
Some of Merrill Lynch’s businesses were temporarily disrupted subsequent to September 11th. During the fourth quarter, Merrill Lynch reoccupied and reestablished business
operations in the North Tower as well as in 222 Broadway. The South Tower of the World Financial Center is in the process of being restored.
For the year ended December 28, 2001, ML & Co. recorded September 11th-related expenses of $71 million ($44 million after-tax), which are net of actual recoveries and
insurance receivables booked to date. These expenses include costs related to the write-off of damaged assets and sublease income; the repair and replacement of equipment;
and employee relocation, which required reconfiguring alternative office facilities, technology, and telecommunications and providing transportation. ML & Co. continues to
incur additional September 11th-related expenses, including the purchase of additional equipment and the restoration of facilities.
ML & Co. is also assessing the impact on operations from physical damage to determine lost profits due to business interruption. Therefore, the full financial impact to ML &
Co. cannot be currently determined.
ML & Co. is insured for loss caused by physical damage to property. This coverage includes repair or replacement of property and lost profits due to business interruption,
including costs related to lack of access to facilities. During the fourth quarter, ML & Co. received its first insurance advance payment related to September 11th of $90 million
and recognized an additional insurance receivable of $15 million. ML & Co. expects to recognize additional insurance receivables in future periods. Insurance payments are
based on recoverable cash expenditures, which will not necessarily be the same as expenses recognized under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America.
For information on the consolidated September 11th-related expenses, refer to Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements within the Annual Report.
NOTE 3. GUARANTEES
ML & Co. issues guarantees of counterparty obligations in connection with certain activities of subsidiaries (see Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual
Report for further information).
The Parent Company also guarantees certain obligations of subsidiaries, including obligations associated with foreign exchange forward contracts and interest rate swap
transactions.
ML & Co. also guarantees obligations related to Trust Originated Preferred Securities/SM/ issued by subsidiaries (see Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the
Annual Report for further information).
F-6
Table of Contents
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.:
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. and subsidiaries (“Merrill Lynch”) as of December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000, and
for each of the three years in the period ended December 28, 2001, and have issued our report thereon dated February 25, 2002; such consolidated financial statements and our
report are included in your 2001 Annual Report to Stockholders and are incorporated herein by reference. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule of Merrill
Lynch, listed in Item 14. Such financial statement schedule is the responsibility of Merrill Lynch’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion based on our audits.
In our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the
information set forth therein.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
New York, New York
February 25, 2002
F-7
Table of Contents
Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized on the 15th day of March, 2002.
W.H. CLARK /s/ W. H. Clark
W. H. Clark
Director
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.
Registrant
JILL K. CONWAY /s/ Jill K. Conway
Jill K. Conway
Director
ANDREA L. DULBERG /s/ Andrea L. Dulberg
Andrea L. Dulberg
Secretary
GEORGE B. HARVEY /s/ George B. Harvey
George B. Harvey
Director
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below
by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant in the capacities indicated on the 15th day of
March, 2002.
ROBERT P. LUCIANO /s/ Robert P. Luciano
Robert P. Luciano
Director
DAVID H. KOMANSKY /s/ David H. Komansky
David H. Komansky
Director, Chairman of the Board,
and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
HEINZ-JOACHIM NEUBÜRGER /s/ Heinz-Joachim Neubürger
Heinz-Joachim Neubürger
Director
THOMAS H. PATRICK /s/ Thomas H. Patrick
Thomas H. Patrick
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
DAVID K. NEWBIGGING /s/ David K. Newbigging
David K. Newbigging
Director
JOHN J. FOSINA /s/ John J. Fosina
John J. Fosina
Controller
(Principal Financial Officer)
E. STANLEY O'NEAL /s/ E. Stanley O'Neal
E. Stanley O'Neal
Director
AULANA L. PETERS /s/ Aulana L. Peters
Aulana L. Peters
Director
JOHN J. PHELAN, JR. /s/ John J. Phelan, Jr.
John J. Phelan, Jr.
Director
JOSEPH W. PRUEHER /s/ Joseph W. Prueher
Joseph W. Prueher
Director
II-1
EXHIBIT 10(xxiii)
MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
2001 DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN
FOR A SELECT GROUP OF ELIGIBLE EMPLOYEES
DATED AS OF OCTOBER 5, 2000
THIS DOCUMENT CONSTITUTES PART OF A PROSPECTUS COVERING SECURITIES THAT HAVE
BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933.
MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
2001 DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN
FOR A SELECT GROUP OF ELIGIBLE EMPLOYEES
Table of Contents
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
----
<S> <C>
I. GENERAL ............................................................................... 1
1.1 Purpose and Intent ............................................................. 1
1.2 Definitions .................................................................... 1
II. ELIGIBILITY ........................................................................... 5
2.1 Eligible Employees ............................................................. 5
(a) General Rule ............................................................. 5
(b) Individuals First Employed During Election Year or Plan Year ............. 5
(c) Disqualifying Factors .................................................... 5
III. DEFERRAL ELECTIONS; ACCOUNTS .......................................................... 6
3.1 Deferral Elections ............................................................. 6
(a) Timing and Manner of Making of Elections ................................. 6
(b) Irrevocability of Deferral Election ...................................... 6
(c) Application of Election .................................................. 6
3.2 Crediting to Accounts .......................................................... 6
(a) Initial Deferrals ........................................................ 6
(b) ML Ventures and Other Private Return Options ............................. 6
3.3 Minimum Requirements for Deferral .............................................. 6
(a) Minimum Requirements ..................................................... 7
(b) Failure to Meet Requirements ............................................. 7
3.4 Return Options; Adjustment of Accounts ......................................... 7
(a) Selection of ML Ventures Return Option ................................... 7
(b) Selection of Mutual Fund Return Options .................................. 7
(c) Selection of the ML Ventures Leverage Percentage by Eligible
Participants ............................................................. 8
(d) Adjustments of ML Ventures ............................................... 8
(e) Adjustment of Debit Balance .............................................. 8
(f) Adjustment of Mutual Fund Return Balances ................................ 8
(g) Annual Charge ............................................................ 9
(h) Rollover Option .......................................................... 9
3.5 Rescission of Deferral Election ................................................ 10
(a) Prior to December 1, 2000 ................................................ 10
(b) Adverse Tax Determination ................................................ 10
(c) Rescission For Amounts Not Yet Earned .................................... 10
IV. STATUS OF DEFERRED AMOUNTS AND ACCOUNT ................................................ 11
4.1 No Trust or Fund Created; General Creditor Status .............................. 11
4.2 Non-Assignability .............................................................. 11
4.3 Effect of Deferral on Benefits Under Pension and Welfare Benefit Plans ......... 11
</TABLE>
-i-
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
----
<S> <C>
V. PAYMENT OF ACCOUNT ........................................................................... 11
5.1 Manner of Payment ..................................................................... 11
(a) Regular Payment Elections ....................................................... 11
(b) Modified Installment Payments ................................................... 12
5.2 Termination of Employment ............................................................. 12
(a) Death or Retirement ............................................................. 12
(b) Other Termination of Employment - Forfeiture of Leverage ........................ 13
(c) Leave of Absence, Transfer or Disability ........................................ 13
(d) Discretion to Alter Payment Date ................................................ 13
5.3 Withholding of Taxes .................................................................. 13
5.4 Beneficiary ........................................................................... 14
(a) Designation of Beneficiary ...................................................... 14
(b) Change in Beneficiary ........................................................... 14
(c) Default Beneficiary ............................................................. 14
(d) If the Beneficiary Dies During Payment .......................................... 14
5.5 Hardship Distributions ................................................................ 14
5.6 Domestic Relations Orders ............................................................. 15
VI. ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN ................................................................... 15
6.1 Powers of the Administrator ........................................................... 15
6.2 Payments on Behalf of an Incompetent .................................................. 15
6.3 No Right of Set Off ................................................................... 16
6.4 Corporate Books and Records Controlling ............................................... 16
VII. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS ..................................................................... 16
7.1 Litigation ............................................................................ 16
7.2 Headings Are Not Controlling .......................................................... 16
7.3 Governing Law ......................................................................... 16
7.4 Amendment and Termination ............................................................. 16
</TABLE>
-ii-
MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
2001 DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN
FOR A SELECT GROUP OF ELIGIBLE EMPLOYEES
ARTICLE I
GENERAL
1.1 Purpose and Intent.
The purpose of the Plan is to encourage the employees who are integral
to the success of the business of the Company to continue their employment by
providing them with flexibility in meeting their future income needs. This Plan
is unfunded and maintained primarily for the purpose of providing deferred
compensation for a select group of management or highly compensated employees
within the meaning of Title I of ERISA, and all decisions concerning who is to
be considered a member of that select group and how this Plan shall be
administered and interpreted shall be consistent with this intention.
1.2 Definitions.
For the purpose of the Plan, the following terms shall have the
meanings indicated.
"Account" means the notional account established on the books and
records of ML & Co. for each Participant to record the Participant's interest
under the Plan.
"Account Balance" means, as of any date, the Deferred Amounts credited
to a Participant's Account, adjusted in accordance with Section 3.4 to reflect
the performance of the Participant's Selected Benchmark Return Options, the
Annual Charge, the Debit Balance, (if any) any adjustments in the event of a
Capital Call Default, and any payments made from the Account under Article V to
the Participant prior to that date.
"Adjusted Compensation" means the financial consultant incentive
compensation, account executive incentive compensation or estate planning and
business insurance specialist incentive compensation, in each case exclusive of
base salary, earned by a Participant during the Fiscal Year ending in 2001, and
payable after January 1, 2001, as a result of the Participant's production
credit level, or such other similar items of compensation as the Administrator
shall designate as "Adjusted Compensation" for purposes of this Plan.
"Administrator" means the Head of Human Resources of ML & Co., or his
or her functional successor, or any other person or committee designated as
Administrator of the Plan by the Administrator or the MDCC.
"Affiliate" means any corporation, partnership, or other organization
of which ML & Co. owns or controls, directly or indirectly, not less than 50% of
the total combined voting power of all classes of stock or other equity
interests.
"Annual Charge" means the charge to a Participant's Account provided
for in Section 3.4(g).
"Applicable Federal Rate" means the applicable federal rate for
short-term (0-3 years) obligations of the United States Treasury as determined
initially in the month of closing of ML Ventures and thereafter in January of
each subsequent year.
1
"Available Balance" means amounts in a Participant's Account that are
indexed to Benchmark Return Options with daily liquidity after the Account's
Debit Balance has been reduced to zero.
"Average Leveraged Principal Amount" means, for each Participant, for
any period, the sum of the Leveraged Principal Amounts outstanding at the end of
each day in the period divided by the number of days in such period.
"Benchmark Return Options" means such investment vehicles as the
Administrator may from time to time designate for the purpose of indexing
Accounts hereunder. In the event a Benchmark Return Option ceases to exist or is
no longer to be a Benchmark Return Option, the Administrator may designate a
substitute Benchmark Return Option for such discontinued option.
"Board of Directors" means the Board of Directors of ML & Co.
"Capital Call" means the periodic demands for funds from a
Participant's Account that will be equal to and occur simultaneously with
capital calls made by private equity funds (including ML Ventures) chosen as a
return option by the Participant.
"Capital Call Default" means that there is an insufficient Liquid
Balance in the Participant's Account to fund a Capital Call.
"Capital Demand Default Adjustment" means the negative adjustment
described in Section 3.4 in the number of "units" (including units acquired by
"Leverage") attributed to a Private Equity Fund Return Options that will be the
result of a Capital Call Default.
"Cash Compensation" means (1) (for VICP eligible employees) salary in
the reference year plus VICP earned in the reference year and paid in January or
February of the next calendar year or (2) (for Financial Consultants and other
employees receiving Adjusted Compensation) base salary plus Adjusted
Compensation paid in the reference year.
"Code" means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from
time to time.
"Company" means ML & Co. and all of its Affiliates.
"Compensation" means, as relevant, a Participant's Adjusted
Compensation, Variable Incentive Compensation and/or Sign-On Bonus, or such
other items or items of compensation as the Administrator, in his or her sole
discretion, may specify in a particular instance.
"Debit Balance" means, as of any date, the dollar amount, if any,
representing each of: (1) the aggregate Annual Charge, accrued in accordance
with Section 3.4(g)(i); and (2) any Leveraged Principal Amount (together with
any pro rata Interest Amounts determined in accordance with Section 3.4(g)(ii),
if applicable), as reduced by any distributions recorded from ML Ventures Units
recorded in a Participant's Account in accordance with Section 3.4(e).
"Deferral Percentage" means the percentage (which, unless the
Administrator, in his or her sole discretion, determines otherwise, shall be in
whole percentage increments and not more than 90%) specified by the Participant
to be the percentage of each payment of Compensation he or she wishes to defer
under the Plan.
"Deferred Amounts" means, except as provided in Section 5.6, the
amounts of Compensation actually deferred by the Participant under this Plan.
2
"Election Year" means the 2000 calendar year.
"Eligible Compensation" means (1) for persons eligible for the Variable
Incentive Compensation Program or other similar programs: (A) a Participant's
1999 base earnings plus (B) any cash bonus awarded in early 2000, and (2) for
persons ineligible for such bonus programs, a Participant's 1999 Adjusted
Compensation.
"Eligible Employee" means an employee eligible to defer amounts under
this Plan, as determined under Section 2.1 hereof.
"ERISA" means the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974,
as amended from time to time.
"Fiscal Month" means the monthly period used by ML & Co. for financial
accounting purposes.
"Fiscal Year" means the annual period used by ML & Co. for financial
accounting purposes.
"Full-Time Domestic Employee" means a full-time employee of the Company
paid from the Company's domestic based payroll (other than any U.S. citizen or
"green card" holder who is employed outside the United States).
"Full-Time Expatriate Employee" means a U.S. citizen or "green card"
holder employed by the Company outside the United States and selected by the
Administrator as eligible to participate in the Plan (subject to the other
eligibility criteria).
"Initial Leveraged Amount" means the initial dollar amount by which a
Participant's deferral into ML Ventures Units is leveraged as determined in
accordance with Section 3.4(c).
"Interest" means the hypothetical interest accruing on a Participant's
Average Leveraged Principal Amount at the Applicable Federal Rate.
"Interest Amounts" means, for any Participant, as of any date, the
amount of Interest that has accrued to such date on such Participant's Average
Leveraged Principal Amount, from the date on which a Participant's Leveraged
Principal Amount is established, or from the most recent date that Interest
Amounts were added to the Leveraged Principal Amount.
"Leveraged or Unleveraged Distributions" means the distributions to a
Participant's Account attributable to the leveraged or unleveraged portion (as
the case may be) of a Participant's ML Ventures Units.
"Leverage-Eligible Participants" means persons who (1) are accredited
investors within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, and (2) received
Cash Compensation of at least $250,000 in 1999, and (3) received Cash
Compensation of at least $200,000 in 1998 and otherwise qualify, in accordance
with standards determined by the Administrator, to select a ML Ventures Return
Option on a leverage basis.
"Leveraged Principal Amount" means a Participant's Initial Leveraged
Amount, if any, as adjusted to reflect the addition of Interest Amounts (or any
pro rata Interest Amounts).
"Leverage Percentage" means the percentage of leverage chosen by a
Leverage-Eligible Participant, which percentage shall not exceed 200%.
3
"Liquid Balance" means, as of any date, the Deferred Amounts credited
to a Participant's Account, not including amounts that represent future
commitments to Private Equity Funds, including ML Ventures, adjusted (either up
or down) to reflect: (1) the performance of the Participant's Mutual Fund Return
Balances as provided in Section 3.4(f); (2) distributions with respect to ML
Ventures Units made in accordance with Section 3.4(d); (3) reduction of any
Debit Balance as provided in Section 3.4(e); and (4) any payments to the
Participant under Article V hereof.
"Maximum Deferral" means the whole dollar amount specified by the
Participant to be the amount of Compensation he or she elects to be deferred
under the Plan.
"MDCC" means the Management Development and Compensation Committee of
the Board of Directors.
"ML & Co." means Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.
"ML Ventures Return Option" means the option of indexing returns
hereunder to the performance of a ML Ventures limited partnership, on a
leveraged or unleveraged basis.
"ML Ventures Units" means the record-keeping units credited to the
Accounts of Participants who have chosen the ML Ventures Return Option.
"Mutual Fund Return Options" means the mutual funds chosen as Benchmark
Return Options by the Administrator.
"Net Asset Value" means, with respect to each Benchmark Return Option
that is a mutual fund or other commingled investment vehicle for which such
values are determined in the normal course of business, the net asset value, on
the date in question, of the vehicle for which such value is being determined.
"Participant" means an Eligible Employee who has elected to defer
Compensation under the Plan.
"Plan" means this Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. 2001 Deferred Compensation
Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees.
"Plan Year" means the Fiscal Year ending in 2001.
"Private Fund Return Option(s)" means one or more private funds that
are chosen by the Administrator to be offered - with such limitations as may be
required - to eligible Participants as Benchmark Return Options.
"Private Fund Unit(s)" means the record-keeping units credited to the
Accounts of Participants who have chosen one or more Private Fund Return
Options.
"Retirement" means a Participant's (i) termination of employment with
the Company for reasons other than for cause on or after the Participant's 65th
birthday, or (ii) resignation on or after the Participant's 55th birthday if the
Participant has at least 10 years of service, or (iii) resignation at any age
with the express approval of the Administrator, which will be granted only if
the termination is found by the Administrator to be in, or not contrary to, the
best interests of the Company.
4
"Remaining Deferred Amounts" means the product of a Participant's Deferred
Amounts times a fraction equal to the number of remaining installment payments
divided by the total number of installment payments.
"Selected Benchmark Return Option" means a Benchmark Return Option selected
by the Participant in accordance with Section 3.4.
"Sign-On Bonus" means a single-sum amount paid or payable to a new Eligible
Employee during the Plan Year upon commencement of employment, in addition to
base pay and other Compensation, to induce him or her to become an employee of
the Company, or any similar item of compensation as the Administrator shall
designate as "Sign-On Bonus" for purposes of this Plan.
"Undistributed Deferred Amounts" means, as of any date on which the Annual
Charge is determined, a Participant's Deferred Amounts (exclusive of any
appreciation or depreciation) minus, for each distribution to a Participant
prior to such date, an amount equal to the product of the Deferred Amounts and a
fraction the numerator of which is the amount of such distribution and the
denominator of which is the combined Net Asset Value (prior to distribution) of
the Participant's Account as of the date of the relevant distribution.
"Variable Incentive Compensation" means the variable incentive compensation
or office manager incentive compensation that is paid in cash to certain
employees of the Company generally in January or February of the Plan Year with
respect to the prior Fiscal Year, which for purposes of this Plan is considered
earned during the Plan Year regardless of when it is actually paid to the
Participant, or such other similar items of compensation as the Administrator
shall designate as "Variable Incentive Compensation" for purposes of this Plan.
"401(k) Plan" means the Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. 401(k) Savings &
Investment Plan.
ARTICLE II
ELIGIBILITY
2.1 Eligible Employees.
(a) General Rule. An individual is an Eligible Employee if he or she (i) is
a Full-Time Domestic Employee or a Full-Time Expatriate Employee, (ii) has at
least $250,000 of Eligible Compensation for the year prior to the Election Year,
and (iii) has attained the title of Vice President or higher.
(b) Individuals First Employed During Election Year or Plan Year. Subject
to the approval of the Administrator in his or her sole discretion, an
individual who is first employed by the Company during the Election Year or the
Plan Year is an Eligible Employee if his or her Eligible Compensation, together,
if applicable, with the amount of any Variable Incentive Compensation that will
be payable to such individual in the next annual bonus cycle pursuant to a
written bonus guarantee, is greater than $250,000, and he or she is employed as
or is to be nominated for the title of Vice President or higher at the first
opportunity following his or her commencement of employment with the Company.
(c) Disqualifying Factors. An individual shall not be an Eligible Employee
if either (i) as of the deadline for submission of elections specified in
Section 3.1(a), the individual's wages have been attached or are being garnished
or are otherwise restrained pursuant to legal process, or (ii) within 13 months
prior to the deadline for submission of elections specified in Section 3.1(a),
the individual has made a hardship withdrawal of Elective 401(k) Deferrals as
defined under the 401(k) Plan.
5
ARTICLE III
DEFERRAL ELECTIONS; ACCOUNTS
3.1 Deferral Elections.
(a) Timing and Manner of Making of Elections. An election to defer
Compensation for payment in accordance with Article V shall be made by
submitting to the Administrator such forms as the Administrator may prescribe in
whatever manner that the Administrator directs. Each election submitted must
specify a Maximum Deferral and a Deferral Percentage with respect to each
category of Compensation to be deferred. All elections by a Participant to defer
Compensation under the Plan must be received by the Administrator or such person
as he or she may designate for the purpose by no later than October 27 of the
Election Year (or such later date as the Administrator, in his or her sole
discretion, may specify in any particular instance) or, in the event such date
is not a business day, the immediately preceding business day; provided,
--------
however, that the Eligible Employee's election to defer a Sign-On Bonus must be
- -------
part of such Eligible Employee's terms and conditions of employment agreed to
prior to the Eligible Employee's first day of employment with the Company.
(b) Irrevocability of Deferral Election. Except as provided in Sections 3.5
and 5.5, an election to defer the receipt of any Compensation made under Section
3.1(a) is irrevocable once submitted to the Administrator or his or her
designee. The Administrator's acceptance of an election to defer Compensation
shall not, however, affect the contingent nature of such Compensation under the
plan or program under which such Compensation is payable.
(c) Application of Election. The Participant's Deferral Percentage will be
applied to each payment of Compensation to which the Participant's deferral
election applies, provided that the aggregate of the Participant's Deferred
--------
Amounts shall not exceed the Participant's Maximum Deferral. If a Participant
has made deferral elections with respect to more than one category of
Compensation, this Section 3.1(c) shall be applied separately with respect to
each such category.
3.2 Crediting to Accounts.
(a) Initial Deferrals. A Participant's Deferred Amounts will be credited to
the Participant's Account as soon as practicable (but in no event later than the
end of the following month) after the last day of the Fiscal Month during which
such Deferred Amounts would, but for deferral, have been paid and will be
accounted for in accordance with Section 3.4. No interest will accrue, nor will
any adjustment be made to an Account, for the period until the Deferred Amounts
are credited.
(b) ML Ventures and other Private Return Options. Upon the closing of any
ML Ventures or Private Return Option, a Participant's Account will be credited
with a number of units determined by dividing by $1,000 the sum of the
following: (1) the portion of the Account Balance that the Participant has
elected to allocate to the ML Ventures Return Option or such other Private
Return Option, as of the day prior to the closing date; and (in the case of ML
Ventures only) (2) the Participant's Initial Leveraged Amount (computed in
accordance with Section 3.4(c)).
3.3 Minimum Requirements for Deferral.
(a) Minimum Requirements. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Plan,
no deferral will be effected under this Plan with respect to a Participant if:
(i) the Participant is not an Eligible Employee as of December 31, 2000,
6
(ii) the Participant's election as applied to the Participant's
Variable Incentive Compensation (determined by substituting the
Election Year for the Plan Year) or Adjusted Compensation
(determined by substituting the Fiscal Year immediately prior to
the Fiscal Year ending in the Election Year for the Fiscal Year
ending in the Plan Year) would have resulted in an annual
deferral of less than $15,000, or
(iii) the greater of (A) the sum of (1) the "Medicare wages" amount
listed on the Participant's W-2 form for the Plan Year, and (2)
any Compensation that is accelerated which the Participant may
receive in December of the Election Year which would have been
payable in the Plan Year in the absence of the action of the
Company to accelerate the payment, or (B) the Participant's
Eligible Compensation for the Plan Year, is less than $250,000;
provided, that any Participant who first becomes an employee of the Company
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during the Plan Year shall not be required to satisfy conditions (i) and (ii).
Condition (ii) does not require a Participant's elections to result in an actual
------
deferral of at least $15,000.
(b) Failure to Meet Requirements. If the requirements of Section
3.3(a)(i) or (ii) are not met by a Participant to whom such requirements are
applicable, such Participant's Deferred Amounts, if any, will be paid to such
Participant, without adjustment to reflect the performance of any Selected
Benchmark Return Option, as soon as practicable after it has been determined
that the requirements have not been met. If the requirements of Section
3.3(a)(iii) are not met by a Participant, the greater of such Participant's
Deferred Amounts or Account Balance will be paid to such Participant as soon as
practicable after it has been determined that the requirements have not been
met.
3.4 Return Options; Adjustment of Accounts.
(a) Selection of ML Ventures Return Option or Private Fund Return
Options. In any year that a ML Ventures partnership or other Private Fund
partnership is offered as a return option, eligible Participants may select the
ML Ventures Return Option (and designate any Leverage Percentage) or select a
Private Fund Return Option. Participants should be aware that once the closing
of the relevant fund has occurred, Participants will not be able to change their
elections. Participants should also be aware that in the event of a Capital Call
Default, for certain Private Equity Funds, Including ML Ventures, they may be
penalized by having their Accounts adjusted downward in accordance with Section
3.4 (d).
(b) Selection of Mutual Fund Return Options. Coincident with the
Participant's election to defer Compensation, the Participant must select the
percentage of the Participant's Account to be adjusted to reflect the
performance of Mutual Fund Return Options, for use when a Participant's Account
has a Liquid Balance. All elections shall be in multiples of 1%. A Participant
may, by complying with such procedures as the Administrator may prescribe on a
uniform and nondiscriminatory basis, including procedures specifying the
frequency with respect to which such changes may be effected (but not more than
12 times in any calendar year), change the Selected Benchmark Return Options to
be applicable with respect to his or her Account.
(c) Selection of the ML Ventures Leverage Percentage by Eligible
Participants. Prior to the closing of the offering of an ML Ventures
partnership, Leverage-Eligible Participants who select the ML Ventures Return
Option on a leveraged basis must choose their Leverage Percentage, in accordance
with standards determined by the Administrator, by submitting such forms as the
Administrator shall prescribe. Prior to the closing of an ML Ventures
partnership, the Administrator will determine each Leverage-Eligible
Participant's Initial Leveraged Amount by applying such Participant's Leverage
Percentage to the dollar value of the portion of the Participant's Account
7
Balance allocated to the ML Ventures Return Option. The Initial Leveraged Amount
will be recorded as the Leveraged Principal Amount, to which amount Interest
Amounts will be added annually in accordance with Section 3.4(e).
(d) Adjustments of ML Ventures and other Private Fund Return Options.
(i) Whenever a distribution is paid on an actual unit of an ML
Ventures partnership or other Private Equity Fund Return Option,
an amount equal to such per unit distribution times the number of
units in the Participant's Account will first be applied against
any Debit Balance, as provided in Section 3.4(e), and then, if
any portion of such distribution remains after the Debit Balance
is reduced to zero, be credited to the Participant's Account to
be indexed to the Mutual Fund Return Option(s) chosen by the
Participant.
(ii) In the event of a Capital Call Default, a Participant's notional
investment in the relevant fund will be capped. If this occurs,
the number of units represented by the return option (including,
in the case of ML Ventures, any leveraged units) will be adjusted
downward to reflect a smaller investment and resulting lower
leverage.
(iii) The ML Ventures Units and the Debit Balance will also be adjusted
in accordance with Section 5.2 hereof in the event of a
Participant's termination.
(e) Adjustment of Debit Balance. Any Debit Balance shall be reduced
as soon as possible by any distributions relating to ML Ventures Units.
Reductions of the Debit Balance, as provided in the foregoing sentence, shall be
applied first to reduce the Debit Balance attributable to accrued Annual Charges
and then, after all such accrued Annual Charges have been satisfied, to reduce
any Leveraged Principal Amount. As of the last day of each Fiscal Year, Interest
Amounts computed by the Administrator shall be added to the Leveraged Principal
Amount. If on any date the Leveraged Principal Amount would be discharged
completely as a result of distributions or chargeoffs, Interest Amounts will be
computed through such date and added to the Leveraged Principal Amount as of
such date.
(f) Adjustment of Mutual Fund Return Balances. While the
Participant's Balances do not represent the Participant's ownership of, or any
ownership interest in, any particular assets, the Balances attributable to
Mutual Fund Return Options shall be adjusted to reflect credits or debits
relating to distributions with respect to the ML Ventures Units or chargeoffs
against the Debit Balance and to reflect the investment experience of the
Participant's Mutual Fund Return Options in the same manner as if investments or
dispositions in accordance with the Participant's elections had actually been
made through the ML Benefit Services Platform and ML II Core Recordkeeping
System, or any successor system used for keeping records of Participants'
Accounts (the "ML II System"). In adjusting Accounts, the timing of receipt of
Participant instructions or credits or debits by the ML II System shall control
the timing and pricing of the notional investments in the Participant's Mutual
Fund Return Options in accordance with the rules of operation of the ML II
System and its requirements for placing corresponding investment orders, as if
orders to make corresponding investments or dispositions were actually to be
made, except that in connection with the crediting of Deferred Amounts or
distributions to the Participant's Account and distributions from or debits to
the Account, appropriate deferral allocation instructions shall be treated as
received from the Participant prior to the close of transactions through the ML
II System on the relevant day. Each Mutual Fund Return Option shall be valued
using the Net Asset Value of the Mutual Fund Return Option as of the relevant
day; provided, that, in valuing a Mutual Fund Return Option for which a Net
--------
Asset Value is not computed, the value of the security involved for determining
Participants' rights under the Plan shall be the price reported for actual
transactions in that security through the ML II System on the
8
relevant day, without giving effect to any transaction charges or costs
associated with such transactions; provided, further, that, if there are no such
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transactions effected through the ML II System on the relevant day, the value of
the security shall be:
(i) if the security is listed for trading on one or more national
securities exchanges, the average of the high and low sale prices
for that day on the principal exchange for such security, or if
such security is not traded on such principal exchange on that
day, the average of the high and low sales prices on such
exchange on the first day prior thereto on which such security
was so traded;
(ii) if the security is not listed for trading on a national
securities exchange but is traded in the over-the-counter market,
the average of the highest and lowest bid prices for such
security on the relevant day; or
(iii) if neither clause (i) nor (ii) applies, the value determined by
the Administrator by whatever means he considers appropriate in
his or her sole discretion.
All debits and charges against the Account shall be applied as a pro rata
--------
reduction of the portion of the Account Balance indexed to each of the
Participant's Mutual Fund Return Options.
(g) Annual Charge. As of the last day of each Fiscal Year or such
earlier day in December as the Administrator shall determine, an Annual Charge
of 2.0% of the Participant's Deferred Amounts (exclusive of any appreciation or
depreciation determined under Section 3.4 (f)) shall be applied to reduce the
Account Balance.
(i) In the event that all or any portion of the Account Balance is
indexed to a Benchmark Return Option with less than daily
liquidity, the Annual Charge will accrue as a Debit Balance and
be paid out of future amounts credited to the Account Balance.
(ii) In the event that the Participant elects to have the Account
Balance paid in installments, the Annual Charge will be charged
on the Remaining Deferred Amounts after giving effect to the
installment payments.
(iii) In the event that the Account Balance is paid out completely
during a Fiscal Year prior to the date upon which the Annual
Charge is assessed, a pro rata Annual Charge will be deducted
--------
from amounts to be paid to the Participant to cover that fraction
of the Fiscal Year that Deferred Amounts (or Remaining Deferred
Amounts in the case of installment payments) were maintained
hereunder. The Annual Charge shall be applied as a pro rata
--------
reduction of the portion of the Account Balance indexed to each
of the Participant's Selected Benchmark Return Options. In
applying the Annual Charge, the pricing principles set forth in
Section 3.4(f) will be followed.
(h) Rollover Option. In the discretion of the Administrator or a
designee, additional Benchmark Return Options, including Return Options with
less than daily liquidity, may be offered to all Participants under the Plan or
to a more limited group of Participants. In such event, Participants will be
allowed, in such manner as the Administrator shall determine, to elect that all
or a portion of Account Balances be indexed to such Benchmark Return Options.
(i) With respect to Benchmark Return Options that do not provide
daily liquidity: (A) payments under Article V will be made in
accordance with a Participant's election at the time of the
Participant's original deferral, with any adjustments required
for the more limited liquidity of such Return Option; (B)
Participants may be limited in their
9
ability to elect, change or continue their Benchmark Return
Options in accordance with such terms and conditions as the
Administrator or a designee may determine; and (C) the Annual
Charge shall be accrued and paid, when possible, upon liquidation
of all or any portion of the Benchmark Return Option, provided
that no payment shall be made to a Participant under Article V
hereof until all accrued Annual Charges have been paid.
(ii) In the event that such limited liquidity options include future
ML Ventures Partnerships, the designated amounts shall be
credited to such Participant, accounted for, adjusted and paid
out to such Participant in accordance with the terms and
conditions of this Plan as they related to the ML Ventures Return
Option.
3.5 Rescission of Deferral Election.
(a) Prior to December 1, 2000. A deferral election hereunder may be
rescinded at the request of a Participant only (i) on or before December 1,
2000, and (ii) if the Administrator, in his or her sole discretion and upon
evidence of such basis that he or she finds persuasive (including a material
applicable change in the Participant's U.S. Federal and/or foreign income tax
rate during the period between October 27, 2000 and November 30, 2000), agrees
to the rescission of the election. In the event that the Administrator agrees to
the rescission, the Deferred Amounts, if any, credited to the Participant's
Account will be paid to the Participant as soon as practicable thereafter,
subject to reduction for any applicable withholding taxes.
(b) Adverse Tax Determination. Notwithstanding the provisions of
Section 3.5(a), a deferral election may be rescinded at any time if (i) a final
determination is made by a court or other governmental body of competent
jurisdiction that the election was ineffective to defer income for purposes of
U.S. Federal, state, local or foreign income taxation and the time for appeal
from this determination has expired, and (ii) the Administrator, in his or her
sole discretion, decides, upon the Participant's request and upon evidence of
the occurrence of the events described in (i) hereof that he or she finds
persuasive, to rescind the election. Upon such rescission, the Account Balance,
including any adjustment for performance of the Selected Benchmark Return
Options, will be paid to the Participant as soon as practicable, and no
additional amounts will be deferred pursuant to this Plan.
(c) Rescission For Amounts Not Yet Earned. Upon the Participant's
written request, the Administrator may in his or her sole discretion terminate
any deferral elections made hereunder with respect to Compensation not yet
earned and no further amounts will be deferred. In addition, in the event a
Participant receives a hardship withdrawal under the 401(k) Plan, the
Administrator shall, as of the date the Participant's Elective 401(k) Deferrals
(as defined in the 401(k) Plan) are suspended under the 401(k) Plan as a result
of such hardship withdrawal, terminate the Participant's deferrals under this
Plan in accordance with the preceding sentence, as if the Participant had
requested rescission in writing. In each case, amounts previously deferred will
continue to be governed by the terms of this Plan.
ARTICLE IV
STATUS OF DEFERRED AMOUNTS AND ACCOUNT
4.1 No Trust or Fund Created; General Creditor Status.
Nothing contained herein and no action taken pursuant hereto will be
construed to create a trust or separate fund of any kind or a fiduciary
relationship between ML & Co. and any Participant,
10
the Participant's beneficiary or estate, or any other person. Title to and
beneficial ownership of any funds represented by the Account Balance will at all
times remain in ML & Co.; such funds will continue for all purposes to be a part
of the general funds of ML & Co. and may be used for any corporate purpose. No
person will, by virtue of the provisions of this Plan, have any interest
whatsoever in any specific assets of the Company. TO THE EXTENT THAT ANY PERSON
ACQUIRES A RIGHT TO RECEIVE PAYMENTS FROM ML & CO. UNDER THIS PLAN, SUCH RIGHT
WILL BE NO GREATER THAN THE RIGHT OF ANY UNSECURED GENERAL CREDITOR OF ML & CO.
4.2 Non-Assignability.
The Participant's right or the right of any other person to the Account
Balance or any other benefits hereunder cannot be assigned, alienated, sold,
garnished, transferred, pledged, or encumbered except by a written designation
of beneficiary under this Plan, by written will, or by the laws of descent and
distribution.
4.3 Effect of Deferral on Benefits Under Pension and Welfare Benefit Plans.
The effect of deferral on pension and welfare benefit plans in which
the Participant may participate will depend upon the provisions of each such
plan, as amended from time to time.
ARTICLE V
PAYMENT OF ACCOUNT
5.1 Manner of Payment.
(a) Regular Payment Elections. A Participant's Account Balance will be
paid by the Company, as elected by the Participant at the time of his or her
deferral election, either in a single payment to be made, or in the number of
annual installments (not to exceed 15) chosen by the Participant to commence,
(i) in the month following the month of the Participant's Retirement or death,
(ii) in any month and year selected by the Participant after the end of 2001, or
(iii) in any month in the calendar year following the Participant's Retirement;
provided that, if a Participant's election would result in payment (in the case
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of a single payment) or commencement of payment (in the case of installment
payments) after the Participant's 70th birthday, then, notwithstanding the
Participant's elections, the Company will pay, or commence payment of, the
Participant's Account Balance in the month following the Participant's 70th
birthday unless the Participant continues to be an active full time employee at
such time, in which case the Company will pay, or commence payment of, the
Participant's Account Balance in the month following the Participant's cessation
of active service (to the extent payment has not already been made or
commenced). The amount of each annual installment, if applicable, shall be
determined by multiplying the Account Balance as of the last day of the month
immediately preceding the month in which the payment is to be made by a
fraction, the numerator of which is one and the denominator of which is the
number of remaining installment payments (including the installment payment to
be made). In the event that immediately prior to the lump sum payment or the
initial installment payment, all or any portion of a Participant's Account
Balance remains indexed to a Benchmark Return Option with less than daily
liquidity, such payment shall be adjusted, if necessary, for the liquidity
restraints of the Benchmark Return Option and, in the case of an election of 11
or more installment payments commencing upon Retirement or a date certain
coincident with Retirement, shall be delayed until such Account Balance is fully
liquid.
11
(b) Modified Installment Payments. In lieu of one of the regular
payment elections provided for in Section 5.1(a), a Participant may elect to
receive the Account Balance in at least 11 but no more than 15 annual
installment payments ("modified installment payments"), such modified
installment payments to commence on the last business day in March in the year
following the Participant's Retirement or death (the "Initial Payment Date"),
provided that, in the event that immediately prior to the initial payment of
such installment payments, all or any portion of a Participant's Account Balance
remains indexed to a Benchmark Return Option with less than daily liquidity,
such initial payment shall be delayed until such Account Balance is fully
liquid. The modified installment payments shall be computed in accordance with
last sentence of Section 5.1(a) and will in all other respects be treated like
regular installment payments under the Plan. By electing modified installment
payments, the Participant agrees that at any time prior to the last day of
February immediately preceding a Participant's Initial Payment Date (the
"Determination Date"), ML & Co. shall have the right, without the consent of the
Participant or any beneficiary, to change the Participant's method of payment to
11 annuitized payments ("annuitized payments"), in the event that, in the sole
discretion of the Administrator, it is determined that such a change is
necessary or appropriate in order to preserve the intended state tax benefits of
the modified installment payments to the Participant or any beneficiary. In the
event that the Administrator determines that annuitized payments shall be made,
the amount of the annuitized payments will be determined by applying the
Discount Rate, as defined below, to the Account Balance as of the Determination
Date to create a stream of 11 equal annual payments. If annuitized payments are
to be made, then the Account Balance shall cease to be adjusted pursuant to
Section 3.4 as of the Determination Date (except that a pro rata Annual Charge
--- ----
will be deducted from the Account Balance prior to calculation of the annuitized
payments to cover the fraction of the Fiscal Year preceding the Determination
Date) and the Company's only obligation to the Participant shall be to make the
annuitized payments when due. As used herein, Discount Rate shall mean ML &
Co.'s then-applicable after-tax cost of borrowing and is defined as (A) x (B),
where (A) is equal to 1 minus ML & Co.'s then-effective tax rate, expressed as a
decimal, and (B) is equal to the sum of: (i) the annual yield on the
then-current 5-year U.S. Treasury Note, and (ii) a spread (which will not be
less than 0.10%) indicative of ML & Co.'s borrowing cost for transactions of
similar structure and average maturity to the annuity, as determined by ML & Co.
5.2 Termination of Employment.
(a) Death or Retirement. Upon a Participant's death, Career Retirement
(as defined in the ML & Co. Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plans) or
Retirement prior to payment, the Account Balance will be paid, in accordance
with the Participant's elections and as provided in Section 5.1(a) or (b), as
applicable, to the Participant or to the Participant's beneficiary (in the event
of death); provided, however, that (1) in the event that the Participant enters
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into competition with the business of Merrill Lynch, he or she will not be
eligible for Retirement treatment under this Section 5.2 (a) and (2) in the
event that a beneficiary of the Participant's Account is the Participant's
estate or is otherwise not a natural person, then (i) if the Participant has
elected a regular payment election pursuant to Section 5.1(a), the applicable
portion of the Account Balance will be paid in a single payment to such
beneficiary notwithstanding any election of installment payments, and (ii) if
the Participant has elected modified installment payments pursuant to Section
5.1(b), the applicable portion of the Account Balance will continue to be
payable as modified installment payments or annuitized payments, as the case may
be, in accordance with Section 5.1(b), but only to a single person consisting of
the administrator or executor of the Participant's estate or another person
lawfully designated by the administrator or executor (and in the event no such
person is designated within a reasonable time, payment will be made in a lump
sum).
(b) Other Termination of Employment - Forfeiture of Leverage.
12
(1) If the Participant's employment terminates at any time for any
other reason than those described in Section 5.2 (a), then, notwithstanding the
Participant's elections hereunder, any Available Balance will be paid to the
Participant, as soon as practicable, in a single payment if the Account Balance
is fully liquid, or as available, as soon thereafter as is practicable,
notwithstanding the Participant's elections hereunder.
(2) In the event that a Participant's employment terminates at any time for
any reason other than death, disability or Retirement, such Participant
will forfeit all rights to the unvested leveraged portion of such
Participant's ML Ventures Units, including any future Leveraged
Distributions, unless the Administrator, in his or her sole discretion,
determines that such forfeiture would be detrimental to Merrill Lynch;
provided, however, that such forfeiture will not occur: if (a) the
Participant is terminated by ML & Co. as the result of a reduction in
staff, (b) the Participant delivers to ML & Co. a release of claims (in
a form approved by the Administrator and counsel) he or she may have
against the corporation or any of its subsidiaries, and (3) such
Participant complies with the terms of such release. In the event of
such forfeiture, the Participant's Account Balance and Debit Balance
will be restated, as of the date of termination, to reflect what such
balances would have been had the Participant selected no leverage under
Section 3.4(c). To the extent necessary, the Participant's Account
Balance will also be adjusted, as of the date of the termination, to
credit the Participant with the amount of any Unleveraged Distributions
that were previously applied to the repayment of the Leveraged
Principal Amount and any Interest Amounts and, to the extent necessary,
any Leveraged Distributions paid out to the Participant will be
restated as a Debit Balance. Leveraged and Unleveraged Distributions
shall be deemed to have been applied and distributed proportionately.
All calculations hereunder shall be made by the Administrator and shall
be final and conclusive.
(c) Leave of Absence, Transfer or Disability. The Participant's
employment will not be considered as terminated if the Participant (1) is on an
approved leave of absence; (2) transfers or is transferred but remains in the
employ of the Company or an unconsolidated affiliate; or (3) is eligible to
receive disability payments under the ML & Co. Basic Long-Term Disability Plan.
(d) Discretion to Alter Payment Date. Notwithstanding the provisions of
Sections 5.2(a) and (b), if the Participant's employment terminates for any
reason, the Administrator may, in his or her sole discretion, direct that the
Account Balance be paid at some other time or that it be paid in installments;
provided that no such direction that adversely affects the rights of the
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Participant or his or her beneficiary under this Plan shall be implemented
without the consent of the affected Participant or beneficiary.
5.3 Withholding of Taxes.
ML & Co. will deduct or withhold from any payment to be made or
deferred hereunder any U.S. Federal, state or local or foreign income or
employment taxes required by law to be withheld or require the Participant or
the Participant's beneficiary to pay any amount, or the balance of any amount,
required to be withheld.
5.4 Beneficiary.
(a) Designation of Beneficiary. The Participant may designate, in a
writing delivered to the Administrator or his or her designee before the
Participant's death, a beneficiary to receive payments in the event of the
Participant's death. The Participant may also designate a contingent beneficiary
to receive payments in accordance with this Plan if the primary beneficiary does
not survive the Participant. The Participant may designate more than one person
as the Participant's
13
beneficiary or contingent beneficiary, in which case (i) no contingent
beneficiary would receive any payment unless all of the primary beneficiaries
predeceased the Participant, and (ii) the surviving beneficiaries in any class
shall share in any payments in proportion to the percentages of interest
assigned to them by the Participant.
(b) Change in Beneficiary. The Participant may change his or her
beneficiary or contingent beneficiary (without the consent of any prior
beneficiary) in a writing delivered to the Administrator or his or her designee
before the Participant's death. Unless the Participant states otherwise in
writing, any change in beneficiary or contingent beneficiary will automatically
revoke prior such designations of the Participant's beneficiary or of the
Participant's contingent beneficiary, as the case may be, under this Plan only;
and any designations under other deferral agreements or plans of the Company
will remain unaffected.
(c) Default Beneficiary. In the event that a Participant does not
designate a beneficiary, or no designated beneficiary survives the Participant,
the Participant's beneficiary shall be the Participant's surviving spouse, if
the Participant is married at the time of his or her death and not subject to a
court-approved agreement or court decree of separation, or otherwise the person
or persons designated to receive benefits on account of the Participant's death
under the ML & Co. Basic Group Life Insurance Plan (the "Life Insurance Plan").
However, if an unmarried Participant does not have coverage in effect under the
Life Insurance Plan, or the Participant has assigned his or her death benefit
under the Life Insurance Plan, any amounts payable to the Participant's
beneficiary under the Plan will be paid to the Participant's estate.
(d) If the Beneficiary Dies During Payment. If a beneficiary who is
receiving or is entitled to receive payments hereunder dies after the
Participant dies, but before all the payments have been made, the portion of the
Account Balance to which that beneficiary was entitled will be paid as soon as
practicable in one lump sum to such beneficiary's estate and not to any
contingent beneficiary the Participant may have designated; provided, however,
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that if the beneficiary was receiving modified installment payments or
annuitized payments pursuant to Section 5.1(b), the applicable portion of the
Account Balance will continue to be paid as modified installment payments or
annuitized payments, as the case may be, in accordance with Section 5.1(b), but
only to a single person consisting of the administrator or executor of the
beneficiary's estate or another person lawfully designated by the administrator
or executor (and in the event no such person is designated within a reasonable
time, payment will be made in a lump sum).
5.5 Hardship Distributions.
ML & Co. may pay to the Participant, on such terms and conditions as
the Administrator may establish, such part or all of the Account Balance as he
or she may, in his or her sole discretion based upon substantial evidence
submitted by the Participant, determine necessary to alleviate hardship caused
by an unanticipated emergency or necessity outside of the Participant's control
affecting the Participant's personal or family affairs. Such payment will be
made only at the Participant's written request and with the express approval of
the Administrator and will be made on the date selected by the Administrator in
his or her sole discretion. The balance of the Account, if any, will continue to
be governed by the terms of this Plan. Hardship shall be deemed to exist only on
account of expenses for medical care (described in Code Section 213(d)) of the
Participant, the Participant's spouse or the Participant's dependents (described
in Code Section 152); payment of unreimbursed tuition and related educational
fees for the Participant, the Participant's spouse or the Participant's
dependents; the need to prevent the Participant's eviction from or, foreclosure
on, the Participant's principal residence; unreimbursed damages resulting from a
natural disaster; or such other financial need deemed by the Administrator in
his or her sole discretion to be immediate and substantial.
14
5.6 Domestic Relations Orders.
Notwithstanding the Participant's elections hereunder, ML & Co. will
pay to, or to the Participant for the benefit of, the Participant's spouse or
former spouse the portion of the Participant's Account Balance specified in a
valid court order entered in a domestic relations proceeding involving the
Participant's divorce or legal separation. Such payment will be made net of any
amounts the Company may be required to withhold under applicable federal, state
or local law. After such payment, references herein to the Participant's
"Deferred Amounts" (including, without limitation, for purposes of determining
the Annual Charge applicable to any remaining Account Balance) shall mean the
Participant's original Deferred Amounts times an amount equal to one minus a
fraction, the numerator of which is the gross amount (prior to withholding) paid
pursuant to the order, and the denominator of which is the Participant's Account
Balance immediately prior to payment.
ARTICLE VI
ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN
6.1 Powers of the Administrator.
The Administrator has full power and authority to interpret, construe
and administer this Plan so as to ensure that it provides deferred compensation
for the Participants as members of a select group of management or highly
compensated employees within the meaning of Title I of ERISA. The
Administrator's interpretations and construction hereof, and actions hereunder,
including any determinations regarding the amount or recipient of any payments,
will be binding and conclusive on all persons for all purposes. The
Administrator will not be liable to any person for any action taken or omitted
in connection with the interpretation and administration of this Plan unless
attributable to his or her willful misconduct or lack of good faith. The
Administrator may designate persons to carry out the specified responsibilities
of the Administrator and shall not be liable for any act or omission of a person
as designated.
6.2 Rabbi Trust
Creation of Trust. The Administrator shall create a Grantor Trust to
hold assets representing the amounts deferred under this Plan on such terms and
conditions as the Administrator shall approve. The trustee of the Rabbi Trust
shall be a party unaffiliated with the Company.
6.3 Payments on Behalf of an Incompetent.
If the Administrator finds that any person who is entitled to any
payment hereunder is a minor or is unable to care for his or her affairs because
of disability or incompetency, payment of the Account Balance may be made to
anyone found by the Administrator to be the committee or other authorized
representative of such person, or to be otherwise entitled to such payment, in
the manner and under the conditions that the Administrator determines. Such
payment will be a complete discharge of the liabilities of ML & Co. hereunder
with respect to the amounts so paid.
6.4 No Right of Set-Off.
Unless specifically authorized by a Participant, the Company shall have
no right of set-off with respect to any Participant's Account Balances or
Account under the Plan and unless so authorized, the Company shall not withhold
any sums owed to a Participant under the Plan.
6.5 Corporate Books and Records Controlling.
15
The books and records of the Company will be controlling in the event
that a question arises hereunder concerning the amount of Adjusted Compensation,
Incentive Compensation, Sign-On Bonus, Eligible Compensation, the Deferred
Amounts, the Account Balance, the designation of a beneficiary, or any other
matters.
ARTICLE VII
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
7.1 Litigation.
The Company shall have the right to contest, at its expense, any ruling
or decision, administrative or judicial, on an issue that is related to the Plan
and that the Administrator believes to be important to Participants, and to
conduct any such contest or any litigation arising therefrom to a final
decision.
7.2 Headings Are Not Controlling.
The headings contained in this Plan are for convenience only and will
not control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the terms or
provisions of this Plan.
7.3 Governing Law.
To the extent not preempted by applicable U.S. Federal law, this Plan
will be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of
New York as to all matters, including, but not limited to, matters of validity,
construction, and performance.
7.4 Amendment and Termination.
ML & Co., through the Administrator, reserves the right to amend or
terminate this Plan at any time, except that no such amendment or termination
shall adversely affect the right of a Participant to his or her Account Balance
(as reduced by the Annual Charge, the Debit Balance or the Leveraged Principal
Amount and Interest thereon, as set forth in Section 3.4) as of the date of such
amendment or termination.
16
EXHIBIT 10(xxv)
MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
2002 DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN
FOR A SELECT GROUP OF ELIGIBLE EMPLOYEES
DATED AS OF SEPTEMBER 26, 2001
THIS DOCUMENT CONSTITUTES PART OF A PROSPECTUS COVERING SECURITIES THAT HAVE
BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933.
MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
2002 DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN
FOR A SELECT GROUP OF ELIGIBLE EMPLOYEES
Table of Contents
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
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<S> <C>
I. GENERAL ................................................................................ 1
1.1 Purpose and Intent .............................................................. 1
1.2 Definitions ..................................................................... 1
II. ELIGIBILITY ............................................................................ 5
2.1 Eligible Employees .............................................................. 5
(a) General Rule .............................................................. 5
(b) Individuals First Employed During Election Year or Plan Year .............. 5
(c) Disqualifying Factors ..................................................... 6
III. DEFERRAL ELECTIONS; ACCOUNTS ........................................................... 6
3.1 Deferral Elections .............................................................. 6
(a) Timing and Manner of Making of Elections .................................. 6
(b) Irrevocability of Deferral Election ....................................... 6
(c) Application of Election ................................................... 6
3.2 Crediting to Accounts ........................................................... 6
(a) Initial Deferrals ......................................................... 6
(b) ML Ventures and Other Private Return Options .............................. 7
3.3 Minimum Requirements for Deferral ............................................... 7
(a) Minimum Requirements ...................................................... 7
(b) Failure to Meet Requirements .............................................. 7
3.4 Return Options; Adjustment of Accounts .......................................... 7
(a) Selection of ML Ventures Return Option .................................... 7
(b) Selection of Mutual Fund Return Options ................................... 8
(c) Selection of the ML Ventures Leverage Percentage by Eligible
Participants .............................................................. 8
(d) Adjustments of ML Ventures ................................................ 8
(e) Adjustment of Debit Balance ............................................... 8
(f) Adjustment of Mutual Fund Return Balances ................................. 8
(g) Annual Charge ............................................................. 9
(h) Rollover Option ........................................................... 10
3.5 Rescission of Deferral Election ................................................. 10
(a) Prior to December 1, 2001 ................................................. 10
(b) Adverse Tax Determination ................................................. 10
(c) Rescission For Amounts Not Yet Earned ..................................... 10
IV. STATUS OF DEFERRED AMOUNTS AND ACCOUNT ................................................. 11
4.1 No Trust or Fund Created; General Creditor Status ............................... 11
4.2 Non-Assignability ............................................................... 11
4.3 Effect of Deferral on Benefits Under Pension and Welfare Benefit Plans .......... 11
</TABLE>
-i-
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
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<S> <C>
V. PAYMENT OF ACCOUNT ................................................................ 11
5.1 Manner of Payment .......................................................... 11
(a) Regular Payment Elections ............................................ 11
(b) Modified Installment Payments ........................................ 12
5.2 Termination of Employment .................................................. 12
(a) Death, Retirement, Rule of 45 ........................................ 13
(b) Other Termination of Employment - Forfeiture of Leverage ............. 13
(c) Leave of Absence, Transfer or Disability ............................. 13
(d) Discretion to Alter Payment Date ..................................... 14
5.3 Withholding of Taxes ....................................................... 14
5.4 Beneficiary ................................................................ 14
(a) Designation of Beneficiary ........................................... 14
(b) Change in Beneficiary ................................................ 14
(c) Default Beneficiary .................................................. 14
(d) If the Beneficiary Dies During Payment ............................... 14
5.5 Hardship Distributions ..................................................... 15
5.6 Domestic Relations Orders .................................................. 15
VI. ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN ........................................................ 15
6.1 Powers of the Administrator ................................................ 15
6.2 Grantor Trust .............................................................. 15
6.3 Payments on Behalf of an Incompetent ....................................... 16
6.4 No Right of Set Off ........................................................ 16
6.5 Corporate Books and Records Controlling .................................... 16
VII. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS .......................................................... 16
7.1 Litigation ................................................................. 16
7.2 Headings Are Not Controlling ............................................... 16
7.3 Governing Law .............................................................. 16
7.4 Amendment and Termination .................................................. 16
</TABLE>
-ii-
MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
2002 DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN
FOR A SELECT GROUP OF ELIGIBLE EMPLOYEES
ARTICLE I
GENERAL
1.1 Purpose and Intent.
The purpose of the Plan is to encourage the employees who are integral to
the success of the business of the Company to continue their employment by
providing them with flexibility in meeting their future income needs. This Plan
is unfunded and maintained primarily for the purpose of providing deferred
compensation for a select group of management or highly compensated employees
within the meaning of Title I of ERISA, and all decisions concerning who is to
be considered a member of that select group and how this Plan shall be
administered and interpreted shall be consistent with this intention.
1.2 Definitions.
For the purpose of the Plan, the following terms shall have the meanings
indicated.
"Account" means the notional account established on the books and records
of ML & Co. for each Participant to record the Participant's interest under the
Plan.
"Account Balance" means, as of any date, the Deferred Amounts credited to a
Participant's Account, adjusted in accordance with Section 3.4 to reflect the
performance of the Participant's Selected Benchmark Return Options, the Annual
Charge, the Debit Balance, (if any) any adjustments in the event of a Capital
Call Default, and any payments made from the Account under Article V to the
Participant prior to that date.
"Adjusted Compensation" means the financial advisor incentive compensation,
account executive incentive compensation or estate planning and business
insurance specialist incentive compensation, in each case exclusive of base
salary, earned by a Participant during the Fiscal Year ending in 2002, and
payable after January 1, 2002, as a result of the Participant's production
credit level, or such other similar items of compensation as the Administrator
shall designate as "Adjusted Compensation" for purposes of this Plan.
"Administrator" means the Head of Human Resources of ML & Co., or his or
her functional successor, or any other person or committee designated as
Administrator of the Plan by the Administrator or the MDCC.
"Affiliate" means any corporation, partnership, or other organization of
which ML & Co. owns or controls, directly or indirectly, not less than 50% of
the total combined voting power of all classes of stock or other equity
interests.
"Annual Charge" means the charge to a Participant's Account provided for in
Section 3.4(g).
"Applicable Federal Rate" means the applicable federal rate for short-term
(0-3 years) obligations of the United States Treasury as determined initially in
the month of closing of ML Ventures and thereafter in January of each subsequent
year.
1
"Available Balance" means amounts in a Participant's Account that are
indexed to Benchmark Return Options with daily liquidity after the Account's
Debit Balance has been reduced to zero.
"Average Leveraged Principal Amount" means, for each Participant, for any
period, the sum of the Leveraged Principal Amounts outstanding at the end of
each day in the period divided by the number of days in such period.
"Benchmark Return Options" means such investment vehicles as the
Administrator may from time to time designate for the purpose of indexing
Accounts hereunder. In the event a Benchmark Return Option ceases to exist or is
no longer to be a Benchmark Return Option, the Administrator may designate a
substitute Benchmark Return Option for such discontinued option.
"Board of Directors" means the Board of Directors of ML & Co.
"Capital Call" means the periodic demands for funds from a Participant's
Account that will be equal to and occur simultaneously with capital calls made
by private equity funds (including ML Ventures) chosen as a return option by the
Participant.
"Capital Call Default" means that there is an insufficient Liquid Balance
in the Participant's Account to fund a Capital Call.
"Capital Demand Default Adjustment" means the negative adjustment described
in Section 3.4 in the number of "units" (including units acquired by "Leverage")
attributed to a Private Equity Fund Return Options that will be the result of a
Capital Call Default.
"Cash Compensation" means (1) (for VICP eligible employees) salary in the
reference year plus VICP earned in the reference year and paid in January or
February of the next calendar year or (2) (for Financial Advisors and other
employees receiving Adjusted Compensation) base salary plus Adjusted
Compensation paid in the reference year.
"Code" means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time
to time.
"Company" means ML & Co. and all of its Affiliates.
"Compensation" means, as relevant, a Participant's Adjusted Compensation,
Variable Incentive Compensation and/or Sign-On Bonus, or such other items or
items of compensation as the Administrator, in his or her sole discretion, may
specify in a particular instance.
"Debit Balance" means, as of any date, the dollar amount, if any,
representing each of: (1) the aggregate Annual Charge, accrued in accordance
with Section 3.4(g)(i); and (2) any Leveraged Principal Amount (together with
any pro rata Interest Amounts determined in accordance with Section 3.4(g)(ii),
if applicable), as reduced by any distributions recorded from ML Ventures Units
recorded in a Participant's Account in accordance with Section 3.4(e).
"Deferral Percentage" means the percentage (which, unless the
Administrator, in his or her sole discretion, determines otherwise, shall be in
whole percentage increments and not more than 90%) specified by the Participant
to be the percentage of each payment of Compensation he or she wishes to defer
under the Plan.
"Deferred Amounts" means, except as provided in Section 5.6, the amounts of
Compensation actually deferred by the Participant under this Plan.
2
"Election Year" means the 2001 calendar year.
"Eligible Compensation" means (1) for persons eligible for the Variable
Incentive Compensation Program or other similar programs: (A) a Participant's
2000 base earnings plus (B) any cash bonus awarded in early 2001, and (2) for
persons ineligible for such bonus programs, a Participant's 2000 Adjusted
Compensation.
"Eligible Employee" means an employee eligible to defer amounts under this
Plan, as determined under Section 2.1 hereof.
"ERISA" means the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as
amended from time to time.
"Fiscal Month" means the monthly period used by ML & Co. for financial
accounting purposes.
"Fiscal Year" means the annual period used by ML & Co. for financial
accounting purposes.
"Full-Time Domestic Employee" means a full-time employee of the Company
paid from the Company's domestic based payroll (other than any U.S. citizen or
"green card" holder who is employed outside the United States).
"Full-Time Expatriate Employee" means a U.S. citizen or "green card" holder
employed by the Company outside the United States and selected by the
Administrator as eligible to participate in the Plan (subject to the other
eligibility criteria).
"Initial Leveraged Amount" means the initial dollar amount by which a
Participant's deferral into ML Ventures Units is leveraged as determined in
accordance with Section 3.4(c).
"Interest" means the hypothetical interest accruing on a Participant's
Average Leveraged Principal Amount at the Applicable Federal Rate.
"Interest Amounts" means, for any Participant, as of any date, the amount
of Interest that has accrued to such date on such Participant's Average
Leveraged Principal Amount, from the date on which a Participant's Leveraged
Principal Amount is established, or from the most recent date that Interest
Amounts were added to the Leveraged Principal Amount.
"Leveraged or Unleveraged Distributions" means the distributions to a
Participant's Account attributable to the leveraged or unleveraged portion (as
the case may be) of a Participant's ML Ventures Units.
"Leverage-Eligible Participants" means persons who (1) are accredited
investors within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, and (2) received
Cash Compensation of at least $300,000 in 2000, and (3) received Cash
Compensation of at least $200,000 in 1999 and otherwise qualify, in accordance
with standards determined by the Administrator, to select a ML Ventures Return
Option on a leverage basis.
"Leveraged Principal Amount" means a Participant's Initial Leveraged
Amount, if any, as adjusted to reflect the addition of Interest Amounts (or any
pro rata Interest Amounts).
"Leverage Percentage" means the percentage of leverage chosen by a
Leverage-Eligible Participant, which percentage shall not exceed 200%.
3
"Liquid Balance" means, as of any date, the Deferred Amounts credited to a
Participant's Account, not including amounts that represent future commitments
to Private Equity Funds, including ML Ventures, adjusted (either up or down) to
reflect: (1) the performance of the Participant's Mutual Fund Return Balances as
provided in Section 3.4(f); (2) distributions with respect to ML Ventures Units
made in accordance with Section 3.4(d); (3) reduction of any Debit Balance as
provided in Section 3.4(e); and (4) any payments to the Participant under
Article V hereof.
"Maximum Deferral" means the whole dollar amount specified by the
Participant to be the amount of Compensation he or she elects to be deferred
under the Plan.
"MDCC" means the Management Development and Compensation Committee of the
Board of Directors.
"ML & Co." means Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.
"ML Ventures Return Option" means the option of indexing returns hereunder
to the performance of a ML Ventures limited partnership, on a leveraged or
unleveraged basis.
"ML Ventures Units" means the record-keeping units credited to the Accounts
of Participants who have chosen the ML Ventures Return Option.
"Mutual Fund Return Options" means the mutual funds chosen as Benchmark
Return Options by the Administrator.
"Net Asset Value" means, with respect to each Benchmark Return Option that
is a mutual fund or other commingled investment vehicle for which such values
are determined in the normal course of business, the net asset value, on the
date in question, of the vehicle for which such value is being determined.
"Participant" means an Eligible Employee who has elected to defer
Compensation under the Plan.
"Plan" means this Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. 2002 Deferred Compensation Plan
for a Select Group of Eligible Employees.
"Plan Year" means the Fiscal Year ending in 2002.
"Private Fund Return Option(s)" means one or more private funds that are
chosen by the Administrator to be offered - with such limitations as may be
required - to eligible Participants as Benchmark Return Options.
"Private Fund Unit(s)" means the record-keeping units credited to the
Accounts of Participants who have chosen one or more Private Fund Return
Options.
"Retirement" means a Participant's (i) termination of employment with the
Company for reasons other than for cause on or after the Participant's 65th
birthday, or (ii) resignation on or after the Participant's 55th birthday if the
Participant has at least 10 years of service, or (iii) resignation at any age
with the express approval of the Administrator, which will be granted only if
the termination is found by the Administrator to be in, or not contrary to, the
best interests of the Company.
"Rule of 45" means a Participant's termination of employment with the
Company for reasons other than cause (1) on or after (A) having completed at
least five (5) years of service and (B) reaching
4
any age, that, when added to service with the Company (in each case, expressed
as completed years and completed months), equals at least 45; or (2) as the
result of (A) becoming employed by an unconsolidated affiliate of the Company
(as specified by the Head of Human Resources) or (B) being a part of a
divestiture or spin-off designated by the Head of Human Resources as eligible,
provided that, a Participant shall not qualify for the Rule of 45 if he or she
engages in a business which the Administrator, in his or her sole discretion,
determines to be in competition with the business of the Company.
"Remaining Deferred Amounts" means the product of a Participant's Deferred
Amounts times a fraction equal to the number of remaining installment payments
divided by the total number of installment payments.
"Selected Benchmark Return Option" means a Benchmark Return Option selected
by the Participant in accordance with Section 3.4.
"Sign-On Bonus" means a single-sum amount paid or payable to a new Eligible
Employee during the Plan Year upon commencement of employment, in addition to
base pay and other Compensation, to induce him or her to become an employee of
the Company, or any similar item of compensation as the Administrator shall
designate as "Sign-On Bonus" for purposes of this Plan.
"Undistributed Deferred Amounts" means, as of any date on which the Annual
Charge is determined, a Participant's Deferred Amounts (exclusive of any
appreciation or depreciation) minus, for each distribution to a Participant
prior to such date, an amount equal to the product of the Deferred Amounts and a
fraction the numerator of which is the amount of such distribution and the
denominator of which is the combined Net Asset Value (prior to distribution) of
the Participant's Account as of the date of the relevant distribution.
"Variable Incentive Compensation" means the variable incentive compensation
or office manager incentive compensation that is paid in cash to certain
employees of the Company generally in January or February of the Plan Year with
respect to the prior Fiscal Year, which for purposes of this Plan is considered
earned during the Plan Year regardless of when it is actually paid to the
Participant, or such other similar items of compensation as the Administrator
shall designate as "Variable Incentive Compensation" for purposes of this Plan.
"401(k) Plan" means the Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. 401(k) Savings &
Investment Plan.
ARTICLE II
ELIGIBILITY
2.1 Eligible Employees.
(a) General Rule. An individual is an Eligible Employee if he or she (i) is
a Full-Time Domestic Employee or a Full-Time Expatriate Employee, (ii) has at
least $300,000 of Eligible Compensation for the year prior to the Election Year,
and (iii) has attained the title of Vice President or higher.
(b) Individuals First Employed During Election Year or Plan Year. Subject
to the approval of the Administrator in his or her sole discretion, an
individual who is first employed by the Company during the Election Year or the
Plan Year is an Eligible Employee if his or her Eligible
5
Compensation, together, if applicable, with the amount of any Variable Incentive
Compensation that will be payable to such individual in the next annual bonus
cycle pursuant to a written bonus guarantee, is greater than $300,000, and he or
she is employed as or is to be nominated for the title of Vice President or
higher at the first opportunity following his or her commencement of employment
with the Company.
(c) Disqualifying Factors. An individual shall not be an Eligible Employee
if either (i) as of the deadline for submission of elections specified in
Section 3.1(a), the individual's wages have been attached or are being garnished
or are otherwise restrained pursuant to legal process, or (ii) within 13 months
prior to the deadline for submission of elections specified in Section 3.1(a),
the individual has made a hardship withdrawal of Elective 401(k) Deferrals as
defined under the 401(k) Plan.
ARTICLE III
DEFERRAL ELECTIONS; ACCOUNTS
3.1 Deferral Elections.
(a) Timing and Manner of Making of Elections. An election to defer
Compensation for payment in accordance with Article V shall be made by
submitting to the Administrator such forms as the Administrator may prescribe in
whatever manner that the Administrator directs. Each election submitted must
specify a Maximum Deferral and a Deferral Percentage with respect to each
category of Compensation to be deferred. All elections by a Participant to defer
Compensation under the Plan must be received by the Administrator or such person
as he or she may designate for the purpose by no later than October 31 of the
Election Year (or such later date as the Administrator, in his or her sole
discretion, may specify in any particular instance) or, in the event such date
is not a business day, the immediately preceding business day; provided,
--------
however, that the Eligible Employee's election to defer a Sign-On Bonus must be
- -------
part of such Eligible Employee's terms and conditions of employment agreed to
prior to the Eligible Employee's first day of employment with the Company.
(b) Irrevocability of Deferral Election. Except as provided in Sections 3.5
and 5.5, an election to defer the receipt of any Compensation made under Section
3.1(a) is irrevocable once submitted to the Administrator or his or her
designee. The Administrator's acceptance of an election to defer Compensation
shall not, however, affect the contingent nature of such Compensation under the
plan or program under which such Compensation is payable.
(c) Application of Election. The Participant's Deferral Percentage will be
applied to each payment of Compensation to which the Participant's deferral
election applies, provided that the aggregate of the Participant's Deferred
--------
Amounts shall not exceed the Participant's Maximum Deferral. If a Participant
has made deferral elections with respect to more than one category of
Compensation, this Section 3.1(c) shall be applied separately with respect to
each such category.
3.2 Crediting to Accounts.
(a) Initial Deferrals. A Participant's Deferred Amounts will be credited to
the Participant's Account as soon as practicable (but in no event later than the
end of the following month) after the last day of the Fiscal Month during which
such Deferred Amounts would, but for deferral, have been paid and will be
accounted for in accordance with Section 3.4. No interest will accrue, nor will
any adjustment be made to an Account, for the period until the Deferred Amounts
are credited.
(b) ML Ventures and other Private Return Options. Upon the closing of any
ML Ventures or Private Return Option, a Participant's Account will be credited
with a number of units determined by dividing by $1,000 the sum of the
following: (1) the portion of the Account Balance that
6
the Participant has elected to allocate to the ML Ventures Return Option or such
other Private Return Option, as of the day prior to the closing date; and (in
the case of ML Ventures only) (2) the Participant's Initial Leveraged Amount
(computed in accordance with Section 3.4(c)).
3.3 Minimum Requirements for Deferral.
(a) Minimum Requirements. Notwithstanding any other provision of
this Plan, no deferral will be effected under this Plan with respect to a
Participant if:
(i) the Participant is not an Eligible Employee as of December 31,
2001,
(ii) the Participant's election as applied to the Participant's
Variable Incentive Compensation (determined by substituting the
Election Year for the Plan Year) or Adjusted Compensation
(determined by substituting the Fiscal Year immediately prior
to the Fiscal Year ending in the Election Year for the Fiscal
Year ending in the Plan Year) would have resulted in an annual
deferral of less than $15,000, or
(iii) the greater of (A) the sum of (1) the "Medicare wages" amount
listed on the Participant's W-2 form for the Plan Year, and (2)
any Compensation that is accelerated which the Participant may
receive in December of the Election Year which would have been
payable in the Plan Year in the absence of the action of the
Company to accelerate the payment, or (B) the Participant's
Eligible Compensation for the Plan Year, is less than $250,000;
provided, that any Participant who first becomes an employee of the Company
- --------
during the Plan Year shall not be required to satisfy conditions (i) and (ii).
Condition (ii) does not require a Participant's elections to result in an actual
------
deferral of at least $15,000.
(b) Failure to Meet Requirements. If the requirements of Section
3.3(a)(i) or (ii) are not met by a Participant to whom such requirements are
applicable, such Participant's Deferred Amounts, if any, will be paid to such
Participant, without adjustment to reflect the performance of any Selected
Benchmark Return Option, as soon as practicable after it has been determined
that the requirements have not been met. If the requirements of Section
3.3(a)(iii) are not met by a Participant, the greater of such Participant's
Deferred Amounts or Account Balance will be paid to such Participant as soon as
practicable after it has been determined that the requirements have not been
met.
3.4 Return Options; Adjustment of Accounts.
(a) Selection of ML Ventures Return Option or Private Fund Return
Options. In any year that a ML Ventures partnership or other Private Fund
partnership is offered as a return option, eligible Participants may select the
ML Ventures Return Option (and designate any Leverage Percentage) or select a
Private Fund Return Option. Participants should be aware that once the closing
of the relevant fund has occurred, Participants will not be able to change their
elections. Participants should also be aware that in the event of a Capital Call
Default, for certain Private Equity Funds, Including ML Ventures, they may be
penalized by having their Accounts adjusted downward in accordance with Section
3.4 (d).
(b) Selection of Mutual Fund Return Options. Coincident with the
Participant's election to defer Compensation, the Participant must select the
percentage of the Participant's Account to be adjusted to reflect the
performance of Mutual Fund Return Options, for use when a Participant's Account
has a Liquid Balance. All elections shall be in multiples of 1%. A Participant
may, by complying with such procedures as the Administrator may prescribe on a
uniform and
7
nondiscriminatory basis, including procedures specifying the frequency with
respect to which such changes may be effected (but not more than 12 times in any
calendar year), change the Selected Benchmark Return Options to be applicable
with respect to his or her Account.
(c) Selection of the ML Ventures Leverage Percentage by Eligible
Participants. Prior to the closing of the offering of an ML Ventures
partnership, Leverage-Eligible Participants who select the ML Ventures Return
Option on a leveraged basis must choose their Leverage Percentage, in accordance
with standards determined by the Administrator, by submitting such forms as the
Administrator shall prescribe. Prior to the closing of an ML Ventures
partnership, the Administrator will determine each Leverage-Eligible
Participant's Initial Leveraged Amount by applying such Participant's Leverage
Percentage to the dollar value of the portion of the Participant's Account
Balance allocated to the ML Ventures Return Option. The Initial Leveraged Amount
will be recorded as the Leveraged Principal Amount, to which amount Interest
Amounts will be added annually in accordance with Section 3.4(e).
(d) Adjustments of ML Ventures and other Private Fund Return
Options.
(i) Whenever a distribution is paid on an actual unit of an ML
Ventures partnership or other Private Equity Fund Return
Option, an amount equal to such per unit distribution times the
number of units in the Participant's Account will first be
applied against any Debit Balance, as provided in Section
3.4(e), and then, if any portion of such distribution remains
after the Debit Balance is reduced to zero, be credited to the
Participant's Account to be indexed to the Mutual Fund Return
Option(s) chosen by the Participant.
(ii) In the event of a Capital Call Default, a Participant's
notional investment in the relevant fund will be capped. If
this occurs, the number of units represented by the return
option (including, in the case of ML Ventures, any leveraged
units) will be adjusted downward to reflect a smaller
investment and resulting lower leverage.
(iii) The ML Ventures Units and the Debit Balance will also be
adjusted in accordance with Section 5.2 hereof in the event of
a Participant's termination.
(e) Adjustment of Debit Balance. Any Debit Balance shall be reduced
as soon as possible by any distributions relating to ML Ventures Units.
Reductions of the Debit Balance, as provided in the foregoing sentence, shall be
applied first to reduce the Debit Balance attributable to accrued Annual Charges
and then, after all such accrued Annual Charges have been satisfied, to reduce
any Leveraged Principal Amount. As of the last day of each Fiscal Year, Interest
Amounts computed by the Administrator shall be added to the Leveraged Principal
Amount. If on any date the Leveraged Principal Amount would be discharged
completely as a result of distributions or chargeoffs, Interest Amounts will be
computed through such date and added to the Leveraged Principal Amount as of
such date.
(f) Adjustment of Mutual Fund Return Balances. While the
Participant's Balances do not represent the Participant's ownership of, or any
ownership interest in, any particular assets, the Balances attributable to
Mutual Fund Return Options shall be adjusted to reflect credits or debits
relating to distributions with respect to the ML Ventures Units or chargeoffs
against the Debit Balance and to reflect the investment experience of the
Participant's Mutual Fund Return Options in the same manner as if investments or
dispositions in accordance with the Participant's elections had actually been
made through the ML Benefit Services Platform and ML II Core Recordkeeping
System, or any successor system used for keeping records of Participants'
Accounts (the "ML II System"). In adjusting Accounts, the timing of receipt of
Participant instructions or credits or debits by the ML II
8
System shall control the timing and pricing of the notional investments in the
Participant's Mutual Fund Return Options in accordance with the rules of
operation of the ML II System and its requirements for placing corresponding
investment orders, as if orders to make corresponding investments or
dispositions were actually to be made, except that in connection with the
crediting of Deferred Amounts or distributions to the Participant's Account and
distributions from or debits to the Account, appropriate deferral allocation
instructions shall be treated as received from the Participant prior to the
close of transactions through the ML II System on the relevant day. Each Mutual
Fund Return Option shall be valued using the Net Asset Value of the Mutual Fund
Return Option as of the relevant day; provided, that, in valuing a Mutual Fund
--------
Return Option for which a Net Asset Value is not computed, the value of the
security involved for determining Participants' rights under the Plan shall be
the price reported for actual transactions in that security through the ML II
System on the relevant day, without giving effect to any transaction charges or
costs associated with such transactions; provided, further, that, if there are
-------- -------
no such transactions effected through the ML II System on the relevant day, the
value of the security shall be:
(i) if the security is listed for trading on one or more national
securities exchanges, the average of the high and low sale
prices for that day on the principal exchange for such
security, or if such security is not traded on such principal
exchange on that day, the average of the high and low sales
prices on such exchange on the first day prior thereto on which
such security was so traded;
(ii) if the security is not listed for trading on a national
securities exchange but is traded in the over-the-counter
market, the average of the highest and lowest bid prices for
such security on the relevant day; or
(iii) if neither clause (i) nor (ii) applies, the value determined by
the Administrator by whatever means he considers appropriate in
his or her sole discretion.
All debits and charges against the Account shall be applied as a pro rata
--------
reduction of the portion of the Account Balance indexed to each of the
Participant's Mutual Fund Return Options.
(g) Annual Charge. As of the last day of each Fiscal Year or such
earlier day in December as the Administrator shall determine, an Annual Charge
of 2.0% of the Participant's Deferred Amounts (exclusive of any appreciation or
depreciation determined under Section 3.4 (f)) shall be applied to reduce the
Account Balance.
(i) In the event that all or any portion of the Account Balance is
indexed to a Benchmark Return Option with less than daily
liquidity, the Annual Charge will accrue as a Debit Balance and
be paid out of future amounts credited to the Account Balance.
(ii) In the event that the Participant elects to have the Account
Balance paid in installments, the Annual Charge will be charged
on the Remaining Deferred Amounts after giving effect to the
installment payments.
(iii) In the event that the Account Balance is paid out completely
during a Fiscal Year prior to the date upon which the Annual
Charge is assessed, a pro rata Annual Charge will be deducted
--------
from amounts to be paid to the Participant to cover that
fraction of the Fiscal Year that Deferred Amounts (or Remaining
Deferred Amounts in the case of installment payments) were
maintained hereunder. The Annual Charge shall be applied as a
pro rata reduction of the portion of the Account Balance
--------
indexed to each of the Participant's Selected Benchmark Return
Options. In applying the Annual Charge, the pricing principles
set forth in Section 3.4(f) will be followed.
9
(h) Rollover Option. In the discretion of the Administrator or a
designee, additional Benchmark Return Options, including Return Options with
less than daily liquidity, may be offered to all Participants under the Plan or
to a more limited group of Participants. In such event, Participants will be
allowed, in such manner as the Administrator shall determine, to elect that all
or a portion of Account Balances be indexed to such Benchmark Return Options.
(i) With respect to Benchmark Return Options that do not provide
daily liquidity: (A) payments under Article V will be made in
accordance with a Participant's election at the time of the
Participant's original deferral, with any adjustments required
for the more limited liquidity of such Return Option; (B)
Participants may be limited in their ability to elect, change
or continue their Benchmark Return Options in accordance with
such terms and conditions as the Administrator or a designee
may determine; and (C) the Annual Charge shall be accrued and
paid, when possible, upon liquidation of all or any portion of
the Benchmark Return Option, provided that no payment shall be
made to a Participant under Article V hereof until all accrued
Annual Charges have been paid.
(ii) In the event that such limited liquidity options include future
ML Ventures Partnerships, the designated amounts shall be
credited to such Participant, accounted for, adjusted and paid
out to such Participant in accordance with the terms and
conditions of this Plan as they related to the ML Ventures
Return Option.
3.5 Rescission of Deferral Election.
(a) Prior to December 1, 2001. A deferral election hereunder may be
rescinded at the request of a Participant only (i) on or before December 1,
2001, and (ii) if the Administrator, in his or her sole discretion and upon
evidence of such basis that he or she finds persuasive (including a material
applicable change in the Participant's U.S. Federal and/or foreign income tax
rate during the period between October 31, 2001 and November 30, 2001), agrees
to the rescission of the election. In the event that the Administrator agrees to
the rescission, the Deferred Amounts, if any, credited to the Participant's
Account will be paid to the Participant as soon as practicable thereafter,
subject to reduction for any applicable withholding taxes.
(b) Adverse Tax Determination. Notwithstanding the provisions of
Section 3.5(a), a deferral election may be rescinded at any time if (i) a final
determination is made by a court or other governmental body of competent
jurisdiction that the election was ineffective to defer income for purposes of
U.S. Federal, state, local or foreign income taxation and the time for appeal
from this determination has expired, and (ii) the Administrator, in his or her
sole discretion, decides, upon the Participant's request and upon evidence of
the occurrence of the events described in (i) hereof that he or she finds
persuasive, to rescind the election. Upon such rescission, the Account Balance,
including any adjustment for performance of the Selected Benchmark Return
Options, will be paid to the Participant as soon as practicable, and no
additional amounts will be deferred pursuant to this Plan.
(c) Rescission For Amounts Not Yet Earned. Upon the Participant's
written request, the Administrator may in his or her sole discretion terminate
any deferral elections made hereunder with respect to Compensation not yet
earned and no further amounts will be deferred. In addition, in the event a
Participant receives a hardship withdrawal under the 401(k) Plan, the
Administrator shall, as of the date the Participant's Elective 401(k) Deferrals
(as defined in the 401(k) Plan) are suspended under the 401(k) Plan as a result
of such hardship withdrawal, terminate the Participant's deferrals under this
Plan in accordance with the preceding sentence, as if the Participant had
10
requested rescission in writing. In each case, amounts previously deferred will
continue to be governed by the terms of this Plan.
ARTICLE IV
STATUS OF DEFERRED AMOUNTS AND ACCOUNT
4.1 No Trust or Fund Created; General Creditor Status.
Nothing contained herein and no action taken pursuant hereto will be
construed to create a trust or separate fund of any kind or a fiduciary
relationship between ML & Co. and any Participant, the Participant's beneficiary
or estate, or any other person. Title to and beneficial ownership of any funds
represented by the Account Balance will at all times remain in ML & Co.; such
funds will continue for all purposes to be a part of the general funds of ML &
Co. and may be used for any corporate purpose. No person will, by virtue of the
provisions of this Plan, have any interest whatsoever in any specific assets of
the Company. TO THE EXTENT THAT ANY PERSON ACQUIRES A RIGHT TO RECEIVE PAYMENTS
FROM ML & CO. UNDER THIS PLAN, SUCH RIGHT WILL BE NO GREATER THAN THE RIGHT OF
ANY UNSECURED GENERAL CREDITOR OF ML & CO.
4.2 Non-Assignability.
The Participant's right or the right of any other person to the Account
Balance or any other benefits hereunder cannot be assigned, alienated, sold,
garnished, transferred, pledged, or encumbered except by a written designation
of beneficiary under this Plan, by written will, or by the laws of descent and
distribution.
4.3 Effect of Deferral on Benefits Under Pension and Welfare Benefit Plans.
The effect of deferral on pension and welfare benefit plans in which the
Participant may participate will depend upon the provisions of each such plan,
as amended from time to time.
Article V
PAYMENT OF ACCOUNT
5.1 Manner of Payment.
(a) Regular Payment Elections. A Participant's Account Balance will be paid
by the Company, as elected by the Participant at the time of his or her deferral
election, either in a single payment to be made, or in the number of annual
installments (not to exceed 15) chosen by the Participant to commence, (i) in
the month following the month of the Participant's Retirement or death, (ii) in
any month and year selected by the Participant after the end of 2002, or (iii)
in any month in the calendar year following the Participant's Retirement;
provided that, if a Participant's election would result in payment (in the case
- --------
of a single payment) or commencement of payment (in the case of installment
payments) after the Participant's 70th birthday, then, notwithstanding the
Participant's elections, the Company will pay, or commence payment of, the
Participant's Account Balance in the month following the Participant's 70th
birthday unless the Participant continues to be an active full time employee at
such time, in which case the Company will pay, or commence payment of, the
11
Participant's Account Balance in the month following the Participant's cessation
of active service (to the extent payment has not already been made or
commenced). The amount of each annual installment, if applicable, shall be
determined by multiplying the Account Balance as of the last day of the month
immediately preceding the month in which the payment is to be made by a
fraction, the numerator of which is one and the denominator of which is the
number of remaining installment payments (including the installment payment to
be made). In the event that immediately prior to the lump sum payment or the
initial installment payment, all or any portion of a Participant's Account
Balance remains indexed to a Benchmark Return Option with less than daily
liquidity, such payment shall be adjusted, if necessary, for the liquidity
restraints of the Benchmark Return Option and, in the case of an election of 11
or more installment payments commencing upon Retirement or a date certain
coincident with Retirement, shall be delayed until such Account Balance is fully
liquid.
(b) Modified Installment Payments. In lieu of one of the regular
payment elections provided for in Section 5.1(a), a Participant may elect to
receive the Account Balance in at least 11 but no more than 15 annual
installment payments ("modified installment payments"), such modified
installment payments to commence on the last business day in March in the year
following the Participant's Retirement or death (the "Initial Payment Date"),
provided that, in the event that immediately prior to the initial payment of
such installment payments, all or any portion of a Participant's Account Balance
remains indexed to a Benchmark Return Option with less than daily liquidity,
such initial payment shall be delayed until such Account Balance is fully
liquid. The modified installment payments shall be computed in accordance with
last sentence of Section 5.1(a) and will in all other respects be treated like
regular installment payments under the Plan. By electing modified installment
payments, the Participant agrees that at any time prior to the last day of
February immediately preceding a Participant's Initial Payment Date (the
"Determination Date"), ML & Co. shall have the right, without the consent of the
Participant or any beneficiary, to change the Participant's method of payment to
11 annuitized payments ("annuitized payments"), in the event that, in the sole
discretion of the Administrator, it is determined that such a change is
necessary or appropriate in order to preserve the intended state tax benefits of
the modified installment payments to the Participant or any beneficiary. In the
event that the Administrator determines that annuitized payments shall be made,
the amount of the annuitized payments will be determined by applying the
Discount Rate, as defined below, to the Account Balance as of the Determination
Date to create a stream of 11 equal annual payments. If annuitized payments are
to be made, then the Account Balance shall cease to be adjusted pursuant to
Section 3.4 as of the Determination Date (except that a pro rata Annual Charge
--- ----
will be deducted from the Account Balance prior to calculation of the annuitized
payments to cover the fraction of the Fiscal Year preceding the Determination
Date) and the Company's only obligation to the Participant shall be to make the
annuitized payments when due. As used herein, Discount Rate shall mean ML &
Co.'s then-applicable after-tax cost of borrowing and is defined as (A) x (B),
where (A) is equal to 1 minus ML & Co.'s then-effective tax rate, expressed as a
decimal, and (B) is equal to the sum of: (i) the annual yield on the
then-current 5-year U.S. Treasury Note, and (ii) a spread (which will not be
less than 0.10%) indicative of ML & Co.'s borrowing cost for transactions of
similar structure and average maturity to the annuity, as determined by ML & Co.
5.2 Termination of Employment.
(a) Death, Retirement, Rule of 45. Upon a Participant's death or
Retirement (as defined in this Plan), or termination when the Participant
complies with the Rule of 45 (as defined in this Plan) prior to payment, the
Account Balance will be paid, in accordance with the Participant's elections and
as provided in Section 5.1(a) or (b), as applicable, to the Participant or to
the Participant's beneficiary (in the event of death); provided, however, that
-------- -------
(1) in the event that the Participant enters into competition with the business
of Merrill Lynch, he or she will not be eligible for Retirement treatment under
this Section 5.2 (a) and (2) in the event that a beneficiary of the
Participant's Account is the
12
Participant's estate or is otherwise not a natural person, then (i) if the
Participant has elected a regular payment election pursuant to Section 5.1(a),
the applicable portion of the Account Balance will be paid in a single payment
to such beneficiary notwithstanding any election of installment payments, and
(ii) if the Participant has elected modified installment payments pursuant to
Section 5.1(b), the applicable portion of the Account Balance will continue to
be payable as modified installment payments or annuitized payments, as the case
may be, in accordance with Section 5.1(b), but only to a single person
consisting of the administrator or executor of the Participant's estate or
another person lawfully designated by the administrator or executor (and in the
event no such person is designated within a reasonable time, payment will be
made in a lump sum).
(b) Other Termination of Employment - Forfeiture of Leverage.
(1) If the Participant's employment terminates at any time for any other
reason than those described in Section 5.2 (a), then, notwithstanding the
Participant's elections hereunder, any Available Balance will be paid to the
Participant, as soon as practicable, in a single payment if the Account Balance
is fully liquid, or as available, as soon thereafter as is practicable,
notwithstanding the Participant's elections hereunder.
(2) In the event that a Participant's employment terminates at any time for any
reason other than death or disability or in the event that the Participant
qualifies for Retirement under this Plan, such Participant will forfeit all
rights to the unvested leveraged portion of such Participant's ML Ventures
Units, including any future Leveraged Distributions, unless the
Administrator, in his or her sole discretion, determines that such
forfeiture would be detrimental to Merrill Lynch; provided, however, that
such forfeiture will not occur: if (a) the Participant is terminated by ML
& Co. as the result of a reduction in staff, (b) the Participant delivers
to ML & Co. a release of claims (in a form approved by the Administrator
and counsel) he or she may have against the corporation or any of its
subsidiaries, and (3) such Participant complies with the terms of such
release. In the event of such forfeiture, the Participant's Account Balance
and Debit Balance will be restated, as of the date of termination, to
reflect what such balances would have been had the Participant selected no
leverage under Section 3.4(c). To the extent necessary, the Participant's
Account Balance will also be adjusted, as of the date of the termination,
to credit the Participant with the amount of any Unleveraged Distributions
that were previously applied to the repayment of the Leveraged Principal
Amount and any Interest Amounts and, to the extent necessary, any Leveraged
Distributions paid out to the Participant will be restated as a Debit
Balance. Leveraged and Unleveraged Distributions shall be deemed to have
been applied and distributed proportionately. All calculations hereunder
shall be made by the Administrator and shall be final and conclusive.
(c) Leave of Absence, Transfer or Disability. The Participant's employment
will not be considered as terminated if the Participant (1) is on an approved
leave of absence; (2) transfers or is transferred but remains in the employ of
the Company or an unconsolidated affiliate; or (3) is eligible to receive
disability payments under the ML & Co. Basic Long-Term Disability Plan.
(d) Discretion to Alter Payment Date. Notwithstanding the provisions of
Sections 5.2(a) and (b), if the Participant's employment terminates for any
reason, the Administrator may, in his or her sole discretion, direct that the
Account Balance be paid at some other time or that it be paid in installments;
provided that no such direction that adversely affects the rights of the
- --------
Participant or his or her beneficiary under this Plan shall be implemented
without the consent of the affected Participant or beneficiary.
5.3 Withholding of Taxes.
13
ML & Co. will deduct or withhold from any payment to be made or deferred
hereunder any U.S. Federal, state or local or foreign income or employment taxes
required by law to be withheld or require the Participant or the Participant's
beneficiary to pay any amount, or the balance of any amount, required to be
withheld.
5.4 Beneficiary.
(a) Designation of Beneficiary. The Participant may designate, in a
writing delivered to the Administrator or his or her designee before the
Participant's death, a beneficiary to receive payments in the event of the
Participant's death. The Participant may also designate a contingent beneficiary
to receive payments in accordance with this Plan if the primary beneficiary does
not survive the Participant. The Participant may designate more than one person
as the Participant's beneficiary or contingent beneficiary, in which case (i) no
contingent beneficiary would receive any payment unless all of the primary
beneficiaries predeceased the Participant, and (ii) the surviving beneficiaries
in any class shall share in any payments in proportion to the percentages of
interest assigned to them by the Participant.
(b) Change in Beneficiary. The Participant may change his or her
beneficiary or contingent beneficiary (without the consent of any prior
beneficiary) in a writing delivered to the Administrator or his or her designee
before the Participant's death. Unless the Participant states otherwise in
writing, any change in beneficiary or contingent beneficiary will automatically
revoke prior such designations of the Participant's beneficiary or of the
Participant's contingent beneficiary, as the case may be, under this Plan only;
and any designations under other deferral agreements or plans of the Company
will remain unaffected.
(c) Default Beneficiary. In the event that a Participant does not
designate a beneficiary, or no designated beneficiary survives the Participant,
the Participant's beneficiary shall be the Participant's surviving spouse, if
the Participant is married at the time of his or her death and not subject to a
court-approved agreement or court decree of separation, or otherwise the person
or persons designated to receive benefits on account of the Participant's death
under the ML & Co. Basic Group Life Insurance Plan (the "Life Insurance Plan").
However, if an unmarried Participant does not have coverage in effect under the
Life Insurance Plan, or the Participant has assigned his or her death benefit
under the Life Insurance Plan, any amounts payable to the Participant's
beneficiary under the Plan will be paid to the Participant's estate.
(d) If the Beneficiary Dies During Payment. If a beneficiary who is
receiving or is entitled to receive payments hereunder dies after the
Participant dies, but before all the payments have been made, the portion of the
Account Balance to which that beneficiary was entitled will be paid as soon as
practicable in one lump sum to such beneficiary's estate and not to any
contingent beneficiary the Participant may have designated; provided, however,
-------- -------
that if the beneficiary was receiving modified installment payments or
annuitized payments pursuant to Section 5.1(b), the applicable portion of the
Account Balance will continue to be paid as modified installment payments or
annuitized payments, as the case may be, in accordance with Section 5.1(b), but
only to a single person consisting of the administrator or executor of the
beneficiary's estate or another person lawfully designated by the administrator
or executor (and in the event no such person is designated within a reasonable
time, payment will be made in a lump sum).
5.5 Hardship Distributions.
ML & Co. may pay to the Participant, on such terms and conditions as the
Administrator may establish, such part or all of the Account Balance as he or
she may, in his or her sole discretion based upon substantial evidence submitted
by the Participant, determine necessary to alleviate
14
hardship caused by an unanticipated emergency or necessity outside of the
Participant's control affecting the Participant's personal or family affairs.
Such payment will be made only at the Participant's written request and with the
express approval of the Administrator and will be made on the date selected by
the Administrator in his or her sole discretion. The balance of the Account, if
any, will continue to be governed by the terms of this Plan. Hardship shall be
deemed to exist only on account of expenses for medical care (described in Code
Section 213(d)) of the Participant, the Participant's spouse or the
Participant's dependents (described in Code Section 152); payment of
unreimbursed tuition and related educational fees for the Participant, the
Participant's spouse or the Participant's dependents; the need to prevent the
Participant's eviction from or, foreclosure on, the Participant's principal
residence; unreimbursed damages resulting from a natural disaster; or such other
financial need deemed by the Administrator in his or her sole discretion to be
immediate and substantial.
5.6 Domestic Relations Orders.
Notwithstanding the Participant's elections hereunder, ML & Co. will pay
to, or to the Participant for the benefit of, the Participant's spouse or former
spouse the portion of the Participant's Account Balance specified in a valid
court order entered in a domestic relations proceeding involving the
Participant's divorce or legal separation. Such payment will be made net of any
amounts the Company may be required to withhold under applicable federal, state
or local law. After such payment, references herein to the Participant's
"Deferred Amounts" (including, without limitation, for purposes of determining
the Annual Charge applicable to any remaining Account Balance) shall mean the
Participant's original Deferred Amounts times an amount equal to one minus a
fraction, the numerator of which is the gross amount (prior to withholding) paid
pursuant to the order, and the denominator of which is the Participant's Account
Balance immediately prior to payment.
ARTICLE VI
ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN
6.1 Powers of the Administrator.
The Administrator has full power and authority to interpret, construe and
administer this Plan so as to ensure that it provides deferred compensation for
the Participants as members of a select group of management or highly
compensated employees within the meaning of Title I of ERISA. The
Administrator's interpretations and construction hereof, and actions hereunder,
including any determinations regarding the amount or recipient of any payments,
will be binding and conclusive on all persons for all purposes. The
Administrator will not be liable to any person for any action taken or omitted
in connection with the interpretation and administration of this Plan unless
attributable to his or her willful misconduct or lack of good faith. The
Administrator may designate persons to carry out the specified responsibilities
of the Administrator and shall not be liable for any act or omission of a person
as designated.
6.2 Grantor Trust
Creation of Trust. The Administrator shall be empowered to create a grantor
trust to hold assets representing the amounts deferred under this Plan on such
terms and conditions as the Administrator shall approve. The trustee of the
grantor trust shall be a party unaffiliated with the Company.
6.3 Payments on Behalf of an Incompetent.
15
If the Administrator finds that any person who is entitled to any payment
hereunder is a minor or is unable to care for his or her affairs because of
disability or incompetency, payment of the Account Balance may be made to anyone
found by the Administrator to be the committee or other authorized
representative of such person, or to be otherwise entitled to such payment, in
the manner and under the conditions that the Administrator determines. Such
payment will be a complete discharge of the liabilities of ML & Co. hereunder
with respect to the amounts so paid.
6.4 No Right of Set-Off.
Unless specifically authorized by a Participant, the Company shall have no
right of set-off with respect to any Participant's Account Balances or Account
under the Plan and unless so authorized, the Company shall not withhold any sums
owed to a Participant under the Plan.
6.5 Corporate Books and Records Controlling.
The books and records of the Company will be controlling in the event that
a question arises hereunder concerning the amount of Adjusted Compensation,
Incentive Compensation, Sign-On Bonus, Eligible Compensation, the Deferred
Amounts, the Account Balance, the designation of a beneficiary, or any other
matters.
ARTICLE VII
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
7.1 Litigation.
The Company shall have the right to contest, at its expense, any ruling or
decision, administrative or judicial, on an issue that is related to the Plan
and that the Administrator believes to be important to Participants, and to
conduct any such contest or any litigation arising therefrom to a final
decision.
7.2 Headings Are Not Controlling.
The headings contained in this Plan are for convenience only and will not
control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the terms or provisions
of this Plan.
7.3 Governing Law.
To the extent not preempted by applicable U.S. Federal law, this Plan will
be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New
York as to all matters, including, but not limited to, matters of validity,
construction, and performance.
7.4 Amendment and Termination.
ML & Co., through the Administrator, reserves the right to amend or
terminate this Plan at any time, except that no such amendment or termination
shall adversely affect the right of a Participant to his or her Account Balance
(as reduced by the Annual Charge, the Debit Balance or the Leveraged Principal
Amount and Interest thereon, as set forth in Section 3.4) as of the date of such
amendment or termination.
16
EXHIBIT 10(xxx)
MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
LONG-TERM INCENTIVE COMPENSATION PLAN
FOR MANAGERS AND PRODUCERS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
<S> <C>
ARTICLE I - GENERAL ..................................................... 1
Section 1.1 Purpose ................................................ 1
Section 1.2 Definitions ............................................ 1
(a) "Board of Directors" or "Board" ................... 1
(b) "Code" ............................................ 1
(c) "Company" ......................................... 1
(d) "Committee". ...................................... 1
(e) "Common Stock" .................................... 1
(f) "Disability" ...................................... 1
(g) "Fair Market Value" ............................... 2
(h) "Junior Preferred Stock"........................... 2
(I) "Other ML & Co. Security" ......................... 2
(j) "Participant" ..................................... 2
(k) "Performance Period" .............................. 2
(l) "Performance Share" ............................... 2
(m) "Performance Unit" ................................ 2
(n) "Restricted Period"................................ 2
(o) "Restricted Share" ................................ 3
(p) "Restricted Unit".................................. 3
(q) "Retirement" ...................................... 3
(r) "Rights" .......................................... 3
(s) "Rights Agreement"................................. 3
(t) "Stock Appreciation Right" ........................ 3
(u) "Stock Option" .................................... 3
(v) "Vesting Period" .................................. 3
Section 1.3 Administration ......................................... 4
Section 1.4 Shares Subject to the Plan ............................. 4
Section 1.5 Eligibility and Participation .......................... 5
ARTICLE II - PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO PERFORMANCE SHARES
AND PERFORMANCE UNITS ...................................... 5
Section 2.1 Performance Periods and Restricted Periods ............. 5
Section 2.2 Performance Objectives ................................. 5
Section 2.3 Grants of Performance Shares and Performance Units...... 5
Section 2.4 Rights and Benefits During Performance Period .......... 6
</TABLE>
i
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Section 2.5 Adjustment with respect to Performance Shares and
Performance Units .......................................... 6
Section 2.6 Payment of Performance Shares and Performance Units ........ 6
(a) Performance Shares ..................................... 7
(i) If a Restricted Period has been established ...... 7
(ii) If a Restricted Period has not been established .. 7
(b) Performance Units ...................................... 7
Section 2.7 Termination of Employment .................................. 7
(a) Prior to the end of a Performance Period. .............. 7
(i) Death ............................................ 8
(ii) Disability or Retirement ......................... 8
(iii) Other Terminations ............................... 8
(b) After the end of a Performance Period but prior to
the end of a Restricted Period ......................... 8
(i) Death, Disability, or Retirement ................. 8
(ii) Other Terminations ............................... 8
Section 2.8 Deferral of Payment ........................................ 9
ARTICLE III - PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO RESTRICTED SHARES
AND RESTRICTED UNITS .......................................... 9
Section 3.1 Vesting Periods and Restricted Periods ..................... 9
Section 3.2 Grants of Restricted Shares and Restricted Units ........... 9
Section 3.3 Rights and Restrictions Governing Restricted Shares ........ 10
Section 3.4 Rights Governing Restricted Units .......................... 10
Section 3.5 Adjustment with respect to Restricted Shares and
Restricted Units ........................................... 11
Section 3.6 Payment of Restricted Shares and Restricted Units .......... 11
(a) Restricted Shares ...................................... 11
(b) Restricted Units ....................................... 11
(c) Payment of Taxes ....................................... 11
</TABLE>
ii
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Section 3.7 Termination of Employment .............................................. 11
(a) Prior to the end of a Vesting Period .............................. 11
(i) Death ....................................................... 12
(ii) Disability or Retirement .................................... 12
(iii) Other Terminations .......................................... 12
(b) After the end of a Vesting Period but prior
to the end of a Restricted Period ................................. 12
(i) Death, Disability, or Retirement ............................ 12
(ii) Other Terminations .......................................... 12
Section 3.8 Extension of Vesting; Deferral of Payment .............................. 13
Section 3.9 Limitations on Transfer of Restricted Shares and Restricted Units ...... 13
ARTICLE IV - PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO STOCK OPTIONS ..................................... 14
Section 4.1 Grants of Stock Options ................................................ 14
Section 4.2 Option Documentation ................................................... 14
Section 4.3 Exercise Price ......................................................... 14
Section 4.4 Exercise of Stock Options .............................................. 14
(a) Vesting and Exercisability ........................................ 14
(b) Option Period ..................................................... 14
(c) Exercise in the Event of Termination of Employment ................ 15
(i) Death ....................................................... 15
(ii) Disability or Retirement .................................... 15
(iii) Other Terminations .......................................... 15
(d) Limitations on Transferability .................................... 16
Section 4.5 Payment of Purchase Price and Tax Liability Upon
Exercise; Delivery of Shares ........................................... 16
(a) Payment of Purchase Price ......................................... 16
(b) Payment of Taxes .................................................. 16
(c) Delivery of Shares ................................................ 16
Section 4.6 Limitation on Fair Market Value of Shares of Common
Stock Received upon Exercise of Incentive Stock Options ................ 17
</TABLE>
iii
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
ARTICLE V - PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO STOCK APPRECIATION
RIGHTS ................................................................. 17
Section 5.1 Grants of Stock Appreciation Rights ............................... 17
Section 5.2 Stock Appreciation Rights Granted in Connection
with Incentive Stock Options ...................................... 17
Section 5.3 Payment Upon Exercise of Stock Appreciation Rights ................ 18
Section 5.4 Termination of Employment ......................................... 18
(a) Death ......................................................... 18
(b) Disability .................................................... 18
(c) Retirement .................................................... 18
(d) Other Terminations ............................................ 19
ARTICLE VI - PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO OTHER ML & CO.
SECURITIES ............................................................ 19
Section 6.1 Grants of Other ML & Co. Securities ............................... 19
Section 6.2 Terms and Conditions of Conversion or Exchange .................... 19
ARTICLE VII - CHANGES IN CAPITALIZATION ............................................ 20
ARTICLE VIII - PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT
AFTER A CHANGE IN CONTROL ........................................... 20
Section 8.1 Value of Payments Upon Termination After a Change
in Control ........................................................ 20
(a) Performance Shares and Performance Units ...................... 21
(b) Restricted Shares and Restricted Units ........................ 21
(c) Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights ................... 21
(d) Other ML & Co. Securities ..................................... 22
Section 8.2 A Change in Control ............................................... 22
Section 8.3 Effect of Agreement Resulting in Change in Control ................ 23
Section 8.4 Termination for Cause ............................................. 23
Section 8.5 Good Reason ....................................................... 24
(a) Inconsistent Duties ........................................... 24
(b) Reduced Salary or Bonus Opportunity ........................... 24
(c) Relocation .................................................... 24
</TABLE>
iv
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
(d) Compensation Plans ............................ 24
(e) Benefits and Perquisites ...................... 25
(f) No Assumption by Successor .................... 25
Section 8.6 Effect on Plan Provisions ......................... 26
ARTICLE IX - MISCELLANEOUS ......................................... 25
Section 9.1 Designation of Beneficiary ........................ 26
Section 9.2 Employment Rights ................................. 26
Section 9.3 Nontransferability ................................ 26
Section 9.4 Withholding ....................................... 26
Section 9.5 Relationship to Other Benefits .................... 27
Section 9.6 No Trust or Fund Created .......................... 27
Section 9.7 Expenses. ......................................... 27
Section 9.8 Indemnification ................................... 27
Section 9.9 Tax Litigation ................................... 27
ARTICLE X - AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION ............................. 27
ARTICLE XI - INTERPRETATION ....................................... 28
Section 11.1 Governmental and Other Regulations ............... 28
Section 11.2 Governing Law. ................................... 28
ARTICLE XII - EFFECTIVE DATE ...................................... 28
</TABLE>
v
MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.
-------------------------
LONG-TERM INCENTIVE COMPENSATION PLAN
-------------------------------------
FOR MANAGERS AND PRODUCERS
--------------------------
ARTICLE I - GENERAL
Section 1.1 Purpose.
-------
The purposes of the Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan (the "Plan") for
Managers and Producers are: (a) to enhance the growth and profitability of
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc., a Delaware corporation ("ML & Co."), and its
subsidiaries by providing the incentive of long-term rewards to key employees
who are capable of having a significant impact on the performance of ML & Co.
and its subsidiaries; (b) to attract and retain employees of outstanding
competence and ability; (c) to encourage long-term stock ownership by employees;
and (d) to further the identity of interests of such employees with those of
stockholders of ML & Co.
Section 1.2 Definitions.
-----------
For the purpose of the Plan, the following terms shall have the meanings
indicated:
(a) "Board of Directors" or "Board" shall mean the Board of Directors of ML
& Co.
(b) "Code" shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended,
including any successor law thereto.
(c) "Company" shall mean ML & Co. and any corporation, partnership, or
other organization of which ML & Co. owns or controls, directly or indirectly,
not less than 50% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock or
other equity interests. For purposes of this Plan, the terms "ML & Co." and
"Company" shall include any successor thereto.
(d) "Committee" shall mean the Management Development and Compensation
Committee of the Board of Directors, or its functional successor or any other
Board committee that has been designated by the Board of Directors to administer
the Plan, or the Board of Directors.
(e) "Common Stock" shall mean the Common Stock, par value $1.33 1/3 per
share, of ML & Co. and a "share of Common Stock" shall mean one share of Common
Stock together with, for so long as Rights are outstanding, one Right (whether
trading with the Common Stock or separately).
(f) "Disability," unless otherwise provided herein, shall mean any physical
or mental condition that, in the opinion of the Head of Human Resources of
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. (or his or her functional successor), renders an
employee incapable of engaging
1
in any employment or occupation for which he is suited by reason of education or
training.
(g) "Fair Market Value" of shares of Common Stock on any given date(s)
shall be: (a) the mean of the high and low sales prices on the New York Stock
Exchange--Composite Tape of such shares on the date(s) in question, or, if the
shares of Common Stock shall not have been traded on any such date(s), the mean
of the high and low sales prices on the New York Stock Exchange--Composite Tape
on the first day prior thereto on which the shares of Common Stock were so
traded; or (b) if the shares of Common Stock are not traded on the New York
Stock Exchange, such other amount as may be determined by the Committee by any
fair and reasonable means.
"Fair Market Value" of any Other ML & Co. Security on any given
date(s) shall be: (a) the mean of the high and low sales prices of such Other ML
& Co. Security on the principal securities exchange on which such Security is
traded on the date(s) in question or, if such Other ML & Co. Security shall not
have been traded on any such exchange on such date(s), the mean of the high and
low sales prices on such exchange on the first day prior thereto on which such
Other ML & Co. Security was so traded; or (b) if the Other ML & Co. Security is
not publicly traded on a securities exchange, such other amount as may be
determined by the Committee by any fair and reasonable means.
(h) "Junior Preferred Stock" shall mean ML & Co.'s Series A Junior
Preferred Stock, par value $1.00 per share.
(i) "Other ML & Co. Security" shall mean a financial instrument issued
pursuant to Article VI.
(j) "Participant" shall mean any employee who has met the eligibility
requirements set forth in Section 1.5 hereof and to whom a grant has been made
and is outstanding under the Plan.
(k) "Performance Period" shall mean, in relation to Performance Shares or
Performance Units, any period, for which performance objectives have been
established, of not less than one nor more than ten consecutive ML & Co. fiscal
years, commencing with the first day of the fiscal year in which such
Performance Shares or Performance Units were granted.
(l) "Performance Share" shall mean a right, granted to a Participant
pursuant to Article II, that will be paid out as a share of Common Stock.
(m) "Performance Unit" shall mean a right, granted to a Participant
pursuant to Article II, to receive an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of
one share of Common Stock in cash.
(n) "Restricted Period" shall mean, (i) in relation to shares of Common
Stock receivable in payment for Performance Shares, the period beginning at the
end of the applicable Performance Period during which restrictions on the
transferability of such shares of Common Stock are in effect; and (ii) in
relation to Restricted Shares or Restricted Units, the period beginning with the
first day of the month in which Restricted Shares or Restricted Units are
granted, during which restrictions on the transferability of
2
such Restricted Shares or Restricted Units are in effect, which shall not be of
shorter duration than the Vesting Period applicable to the same Restricted
Shares or Restricted Units.
(o) "Restricted Share" shall mean a share of Common Stock, granted to a
Participant pursuant to Article III, subject to the restrictions set forth in
Section 3.3 hereof.
(p) "Restricted Unit" shall mean the right, granted to a Participant
pursuant to Article III, as provided by the Committee at the time of grant to
receive either: (1) an amount in cash equal to the Fair Market Value of one
share of Common Stock, or (2) one share of Common Stock.
(q) "Retirement" shall mean the cessation of employment with the Company
(1) on or after (A) having completed at least five (5) years of service and (B)
reaching any age, that, when added to service with the Company (in each case,
expressed as completed years and completed months), equals at least 45; or (2)
as the result of (A) becoming employed by an unconsolidated affiliate of the
Company (as specified by the Head of Human Resources) or (B) being a part of a
divestiture or spin-off designated by the Head of Human Resources as eligible,
provided that, in each case, termination of employment by the Company for Cause,
- -------------
as defined in Section 8.4 of the Plan, shall not qualify as Retirement.
(r) "Rights" means the Rights to Purchase Units of Junior Preferred Stock
issued pursuant to the Rights Agreement.
(s) "Rights Agreement" means the Rights Agreement dated as of December 16,
1987 between ML & Co. and Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company, Rights Agent, as
amended from time to time.
(t) "Stock Appreciation Right" shall mean a right, granted to a Participant
pursuant to Article V, to receive, in cash or shares of Common Stock, an amount
equal to the increase in Fair Market Value, over a specified period of time, of
a specified number of shares of Common Stock.
(u) "Stock Option" shall mean a right, granted to a Participant pursuant to
Article IV, to purchase, before a specified date and at a specified price, a
specified number of shares of Common Stock. Stock Options may be "Incentive
Stock Options," which meet the definition of such in Section 422A of the Code,
or "Nonqualified Stock Options," which do not meet such definition.
(v) "Vesting Period" shall mean, in relation to Restricted Shares,
Restricted Units, or Stock Options, any period of not less than six (6) months
beginning with the first day of the month in which the grant of the applicable
Restricted Shares, Restricted Units or Stock Options is effective, during which
such Restricted Shares, Restricted Units or Stock Options may be forfeited if
the Participant terminates employment.
3
Section 1.3 Administration.
--------------
(a) The Plan shall be administered by the Committee. Subject to the
provisions of the Plan, the Committee shall have sole and complete authority to:
(i) subject to Section 1.5 hereof, select Participants after receiving the
recommendations of the management of the Company; (ii) determine the number of
Performance Shares, Performance Units, Restricted Shares, Restricted Units,
Stock Appreciation Rights, or Other ML & Co. Securities subject to each grant;
(iii) determine the number of shares of Common Stock subject to each Stock
Option grant; (iv) determine the time or times when grants are to be made or are
to be effective; (v) determine the terms and conditions subject to which grants
may be made; (vi) extend the term of any Stock Option; (vii) provide at the time
of grant that all or any portion of any Stock Option shall be canceled upon the
Participant's exercise of any Stock Appreciation Rights; (viii) prescribe the
form or forms of the instruments evidencing any grants made hereunder, provided
that such forms are consistent with the Plan; (ix) adopt, amend, and rescind
such rules and regulations as, in its opinion, may be advisable for the
administration of the Plan; (x) construe and interpret the Plan and all rules,
regulations, and instruments utilized thereunder; and (xi) make all
determinations deemed advisable or necessary for the administration of the Plan.
All determinations by the Committee shall be final and binding.
(b) The Committee shall act in accordance with the procedures established
for a Committee under ML & Co.'s Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws or
under any resolution of the Board.
Section 1.4 Shares Subject to the Plan.
--------------------------
The total number of shares of Common Stock that may be distributed under
the Plan shall be 340,000,000 (whether granted as Restricted Shares or reserved
for distribution upon grant of Restricted Units, Performance Shares, Stock
Options, Stock Appreciation Rights (to the extent they may be paid out in Common
Stock), or Other ML & Co. Securities), subject to adjustment as provided in
Article VII hereof. Shares of Common Stock distributed under the Plan may be
treasury shares or authorized but unissued shares. To the extent that awards of
Other ML & Co. Securities are convertible into Common Stock or are otherwise
equity securities (or convertible into equity securities) of ML & Co., they
shall be subject to the limitation expressed above on the number of shares of
Common Stock that can be awarded under the Plan. Any shares of Common Stock that
have been granted as Restricted Shares or that have been reserved for
distribution in payment for Restricted Unit or Performance Shares but are later
forfeited or for any other reason are not payable under the Plan may again be
made the subject of grants under the Plan. If any Stock Option, Stock
Appreciation Right, or Other ML & Co. Security granted under the Plan is
forfeited, expires or terminates, or any Restricted Unit or Stock Appreciation
Right is paid out in cash, the underlying shares of Common Stock may again be
made the subject of grants under the Plan. Units payable in cash that are later
forfeited or for any reason are not payable under the Plan may again be the
subject of grants under the Plan.
4
Section 1.5 Eligibility and Participation.
-----------------------------
Participation in the Plan shall be limited to officers (who may also be
members of the Board of Directors) and other salaried, key employees of the
Company or any affiliate of the Company designated by the Committee.
ARTICLE II - PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO PERFORMANCE SHARES AND
PERFORMANCE UNITS.
Section 2.1 Performance Periods and Restricted Periods.
------------------------------------------
The Committee shall establish Performance Periods applicable to Performance
Shares and Performance Units and may establish Restricted Periods applicable to
Performance Shares, at its discretion. Each such Performance Period shall
commence with the beginning of a fiscal year in which the Performance Shares and
Performance Units are granted and have a duration of not less than one nor more
than ten consecutive fiscal years. Each such Restricted Period shall commence
with the end of the Performance Period established for such Performance Shares
and shall end on such date as may be determined by the Committee at the time of
grant. There shall be no limitation on the number of Performance Periods or
Restricted Periods established by the Committee, and more than one Performance
Period may encompass the same fiscal year.
Section 2.2 Performance Objectives.
----------------------
At any time before or during a Performance Period, the Committee shall
establish one or more performance objectives for such Performance Period,
provided that such performance objectives shall be established prior to the
grant of any Performance Shares or Performance Units with respect to such
Period. Performance objectives shall be based on one or more measures such as
return on stockholders' equity, earnings, or any other standard deemed relevant
by the Committee, measured internally or relative to other organizations and
before or after extraordinary items, as may be determined by the Committee;
provided, however, that any such measure shall include all accruals for grants
- -------- -------
made under the Plan and for all other employee benefit plans of the Company. The
Committee may, in its discretion, establish performance objectives for the
Company as a whole or for only that part of the Company in which a given
Participant is involved, or a combination thereof. In establishing the
performance objective or objectives for a Performance Period, the Committee
shall determine both a minimum performance level, below which no Performance
Shares or Performance Units shall be payable, and a full performance level, at
or above which 100% of the Performance Shares or Performance Units shall be
payable. In addition, the Committee may, in its discretion, establish
intermediate levels at which given proportions of the Performance Shares or
Performance Units shall be payable. Such performance objectives shall not
thereafter be changed except as set forth in Sections 2.5 and 2.6 and Article
VII hereof.
Section 2.3 Grants of Performance Shares and Performance Units.
--------------------------------------------------
The Committee may select employees to become Participants subject to the
provisions of Section 1.5 hereof and grant Performance Shares or Performance
Units to such Participants at any time prior to or during the first fiscal year
of a Performance
5
Period. Grants shall be deemed to have been made as of the beginning of the
first fiscal year of the Performance Period. Before making grants, the Committee
must receive the recommendations of the management of the Company, which will
take into account such factors as level of responsibility, current and past
performance, and performance potential. Subject to the provisions of Section 2.7
hereof, a grant of Performance Shares or Performance Units shall be effective
for the entire applicable Performance Period and may not be revoked. Each grant
to a Participant shall be evidenced by a written instrument stating the number
of Performance Shares or Performance Units granted, the Performance Period, the
performance objective or objectives, the proportion of payments for performance
between the minimum and full performance levels, if any, the Restricted Periods
and restrictions applicable to shares of Common Stock receivable in payment for
Performance Shares, and any other terms, conditions, and rights with respect to
such grant. At the time of any grant of Performance Shares, there shall be
reserved out of the number of shares of Common Stock authorized for distribution
under the Plan a number of shares equal to the number of Performance Shares so
granted.
Section 2.4 Rights and Benefits During Performance Period.
---------------------------------------------
The Committee may provide that, during a Performance Period, a Participant
shall be paid cash amounts, with respect to each Performance Share or
Performance Unit held by such Participant, in the same manner, at the same time,
and in the same amount paid, as a dividend on a share of Common Stock.
Section 2.5 Adjustment with respect to Performance Shares and Performance
-------------------------------------------------------------
Units.
-----
Any other provision of the Plan to the contrary notwithstanding, the
Committee may at any time adjust performance objectives (up or down) and minimum
or full performance levels (and any intermediate levels and proportion of
payments related thereto), adjust the way performance objectives are measured,
or shorten any Performance Period or Restricted Period, if it determines that
conditions, including but not limited to, changes in the economy, changes in
competitive conditions, changes in laws or governmental regulations, changes in
generally accepted accounting principles, changes in the Company's accounting
policies, acquisitions or dispositions, or the occurrence of other unusual,
unforeseen, or extraordinary events, so warrant.
Section 2.6 Payment of Performance Shares and Performance Units.
---------------------------------------------------
Within 90 days after the end of any Performance Period, the Company shall
determine the extent to which performance objectives established by the
Committee pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof for such Performance Period have been
met during such Performance Period and the resultant extent to which Performance
Shares or Performance Units granted for such Performance Period are payable.
Payment for Performance Shares and Performance Units shall be as follows:
6
(a) Performance Shares:
------------------
(i) If a Restricted Period has been established in relation to the
-------------------------------------------
Performance Shares:
(A) At the end of the applicable Performance Period, one or
-----------------------------------------------
more certificates representing the number of shares of Common Stock equal to the
number of Performance Shares payable shall be registered in the name of the
Participant but shall be held by the Company for the account of the employee.
Such shares will be nonforfeitable but restricted as to transferability during
the applicable Restricted Period. During the Restricted Period, the Participant
shall have all rights of a holder as to such shares of Common Stock, including
the right to receive dividends, to exercise Rights, and to vote such Common
Stock and any securities issued upon exercise of Rights, subject to the
following restrictions: (1) the Participant shall not be entitled to delivery of
certificates representing such shares of Common Stock and any other such
securities until the expiration of the Restricted Period; and (2) none of such
shares of Common Stock or Rights may be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, or
otherwise encumbered or disposed of during the Restricted Period. Any shares of
Common Stock or other securities or property received with respect to such
shares shall be subject to the same restrictions as such shares; provided,
--------
however, that the Company shall not be required to register any fractional
- -------
shares of Common Stock payable to any Participant, but will pay the value of
such fractional shares, measured as set forth in Section 2.6(b) below, to the
Participant.
(B) At the end of the applicable Restricted Period, all
----------------------------------------------
restrictions applicable to the shares of Common Stock, and other securities or
property received with respect to such shares, held by the Company for the
accounts of recipients of Performance Shares granted in relation to such
Restricted Period shall lapse, and one or more stock certificates for such
shares of Common Stock and securities, free of the restrictions, shall be
delivered to the Participant, or such shares and securities shall be credited to
a brokerage account if the Participant so directs.
(ii) If a Restricted Period has not been established in relation to
-----------------------------------------------
the Performance Shares, at the end of the applicable Performance Period, one or
more stock certificates representing the number of shares of Common Stock equal
to the number of Performance Shares payable, free of restrictions, shall be
registered in the name of the Participant and delivered to the Participant, or
such shares shall be credited to a brokerage account if the Participant so
directs.
(b) Performance Units: At the end of the applicable Performance Period, a
-----------------
Participant shall be paid a cash amount equal to the number of Performance Units
payable, times the mean of the Fair Market Value of Common Stock during the
second calendar month following the end of the Performance Period, unless some
other date or period is established by the Committee at the time of grant.
Section 2.7 Termination of Employment.
-------------------------
(a) Prior to the end of a Performance Period:
7
(i) Death: If a Participant ceases to be an employee of the Company
-----
prior to the end of a Performance Period by reason of death, any outstanding
Performance Shares or Performance Units with respect to such Participant shall
become payable and be paid to such Participant's beneficiary or estate, as the
case may be, as soon as practicable in the manner set forth in Sections
2.6(a)(ii) and 2.6(b) hereof, respectively. In determining the extent to which
performance objectives established for such Performance Period have been met and
the resultant extent to which Performance Shares or Performance Units are
payable, the Performance Period shall be deemed to end as of the end of the
fiscal year in which the Participant's death occurred.
(ii) Disability or Retirement: The Disability or Retirement of
------------------------
a Participant shall not constitute a termination of employment for purposes of
this Article II, and such Participant shall not forfeit any Performance Shares
or Performance Units held by him or her, provided that following Disability or
Retirement such Participant does not engage in or assist any business that the
Committee, in its sole discretion, determines to be in competition with business
engaged in by the Company during the remainder of the applicable Performance
Period. A Participant who does engage in or assist any business that the
Committee, in its sole discretion, determines to be in competition with business
engaged in by the Company shall be deemed to have terminated employment.
(iii) Other Terminations: If a Participant ceases to be an employee
------------------
prior to the end of a Performance Period for any reason other than death, the
Participant shall immediately forfeit all Performance Shares and Performance
Units previously granted under the Plan and all right to receive any payment for
such Performance Shares and Performance Units. The Committee may, however,
direct payment in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.6 hereof for a
number of Performance Shares or Performance Units, as it may determine, granted
under the Plan to a Participant whose employment has so terminated (but not
exceeding the number of Performance Shares or Performance Units that could have
been payable had the Participant remained an employee) if it finds that the
circumstances in the particular case so warrant. For purposes of the preceding
sentence, the Performance Period over which performance objectives shall be
measured shall be deemed to end as of the end of the fiscal year in which
termination occurred.
(b) After the end of a Performance Period but prior to the end of a
Restricted Period:
(i) Death, Disability, or Retirement: If a Participant ceases to be
--------------------------------
an employee of the Company by reason of death or in the case of the Disability
or Retirement of a Participant, the Restricted Period shall be deemed to have
ended and shares held by the Company shall be paid as soon as practicable in the
manner set forth in Section 2.6(a)(i)(B).
(ii) Other Terminations: Terminations of employment for any reason
------------------
other than death after the end of a Performance Period but prior to the end of a
Restricted Period shall not have any effect on the Restricted Period, unless the
Committee, in its sole discretion, finds that the circumstances so warrant and
determines that the Restricted Period shall end on an earlier date as determined
by the Committee and that shares held by the Company shall be paid as soon as
practicable following such earlier date in the manner set forth in Section
2.6(a)(i)(B).
8
(c) Except as otherwise provided in this Section 2.7, termination of
employment after the end of a Performance Period but before the payment of
Performance Shares or Performance Units relating to such Performance Period
shall not affect the amount, if any, to be paid pursuant to Section 2.6 hereof.
Approved leaves of absence of one year or less shall not be deemed to be
terminations of employment under this Section 2.7. Leaves of absence of more
than one year will be deemed to be terminations of employment under this Section
2.7, unless the Committee determines otherwise.
Section 2.8 Deferral of Payment.
-------------------
The Committee may, in its sole discretion, offer a Participant the right,
by execution of a written agreement, to defer the receipt of all or any portion
of the payment, if any, for Performance Shares or Performance Units. If such an
election to defer is made, the Common Stock receivable in payment for
Performance Shares shall be deferred as stock units equal in number to and
exchangeable, at the end of the deferral period, for the number of shares of
Common Stock that would have been paid to the Participant. Such stock units
shall represent only a contractual right and shall not give the Participant any
interest, right, or title to any Common Stock during the deferral period. The
cash receivable in payment for Performance Units or fractional shares receivable
for Performance Shares shall be deferred as cash units. Deferred stock units and
cash units may be credited annually with the appreciation factor contained in
the deferred compensation agreement, which may include dividend equivalents. All
other terms and conditions of deferred payments shall be as contained in the
written agreement.
ARTICLE III - PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO RESTRICTED SHARES AND RESTRICTED UNITS.
Section 3.1 Vesting Periods and Restricted Periods.
--------------------------------------
The Committee shall establish one or more Vesting Periods applicable to
Restricted Shares and Restricted Units and one or more Restricted Periods
applicable to Restricted Shares and Restricted Units, at its discretion. Each
such Vesting Period shall have a duration of not less than six (6) months,
measured from the first day of the month in which the grant of the applicable
Restricted Shares or Restricted Units is effective. Each such Restricted Period
shall have a duration of six (6) or more consecutive months, measured from the
first day of the month in which the grant of the applicable Restricted Shares or
Restricted Units is effective, but in no event shall any Restricted Period be of
shorter duration than the Vesting Period applicable to such Restricted Share or
Restricted Unit.
Section 3.2 Grants of Restricted Shares and Restricted Units.
------------------------------------------------
The Committee may select employees to become Participants (subject to the
provisions of Section 1.5 hereof) and grant Restricted Shares or Restricted
Units to such Participants at any time. Before making grants, the Committee must
receive the recommendations of the management of the Company, which will take
into account such factors as level of responsibility, current and past
performance, and performance potential.
9
Subject to the provisions of Section 3.7 hereof, a grant of Restricted
Shares or Restricted Units shall be effective for the entire applicable Vesting
and Restricted Periods and may not be revoked. Each grant to a Participant shall
be evidenced by a written instrument stating the number of Restricted Shares or
Restricted Units granted, the Vesting Period, the Restricted Period, the
restrictions applicable to such Restricted Shares or Restricted Units, the
nature and terms of payment of consideration, if any, and the consequences of
forfeiture that will apply to such Restricted Shares or Restricted Units, and
any other terms, conditions, and rights with respect to such grant.
Section 3.3 Rights and Restrictions Governing Restricted Shares.
---------------------------------------------------
At the time of grant of Restricted Shares, subject to the receipt by the
Company of any applicable consideration for such Restricted Shares, one or more
certificates representing the appropriate number of shares of Common Stock
granted to a Participant shall be registered either in his or her name or for
his or her benefit either individually or collectively with others, but shall be
held by the Company for the account of the Participant. The Participant shall
have all rights of a holder as to such shares of Common Stock, including the
right to receive dividends, to exercise Rights, and to vote such Common Stock
and any securities issued upon exercise of Rights, subject to the following
restrictions: (a) the Participant shall not be entitled to delivery of
certificates representing such shares of Common Stock and any other such
securities until the expiration of the Restricted Period; (b) except as provided
in Section 3.9, none of the Restricted Shares may be sold, transferred,
assigned, pledged, or otherwise encumbered or disposed of during the Restricted
Period; and (c) all of the Restricted Shares shall be forfeited and all rights
of the Participant to such Restricted Shares shall terminate without further
obligation on the part of the Company unless the Participant remains in the
continuous employment of the Company for the entire Vesting Period in relation
to which such Restricted Shares were granted, except as otherwise provided in
Section 3.7 hereof. Any shares of Common Stock or other securities or property
received with respect to such shares shall be subject to the same restrictions
as such Restricted Shares.
Section 3.4 Rights Governing Restricted Units.
---------------------------------
During the Vesting Period, or, if longer, the Restricted Period, for
Restricted Units, a Participant may be paid, with respect to each such
Restricted Unit, cash amounts in the same manner, at the same time, and in the
same amount paid, as a dividend on a share of Common Stock. Except as otherwise
provided in Section 3.7, the Restricted Units shall be forfeited and all rights
of the Participant to the Restricted Units shall be forfeited without further
obligation on the part of the Company unless the Participant remains in the
continuous employment of the Company for the entire Vesting Period.
10
Section 3.5 Adjustment with respect to Restricted Shares and Restricted
-----------------------------------------------------------
Units.
-----
Any other provision of the Plan to the contrary notwithstanding, the
Committee may at any time shorten any Vesting Period or Restricted Period, if it
determines that conditions, including but not limited to, changes in the
economy, changes in competitive conditions, changes in laws or governmental
regulations, changes in generally accepted accounting principles, changes in the
Company's accounting policies, acquisitions or dispositions, or the occurrence
of other unusual, unforeseen, or extraordinary events, so warrant.
Section 3.6 Payment of Restricted Shares and Restricted Units.
-------------------------------------------------
(a) Restricted Shares: At the end of the Restricted Period, all
-----------------
restrictions contained in the grant of Restricted Shares and in the Plan shall
lapse, and the appropriate number of shares of Common Stock (net of shares
withheld at the end of the Vesting Period under Section 3.6(c)), shall be
delivered to the Participant or his or her beneficiary or estate, as the case
may be, free of restrictions, in the form of stock certificates or credited to a
brokerage account as the Participant or his or her beneficiary or estate, as the
case may be, so directs.
(b) Restricted Units: At the end of the Vesting Period (or, if longer, the
----------------
Restricted Period) applicable to a Participant's Restricted Units, there shall
be paid to the Participant, or his or her beneficiary or estate, as the case may
be, either: (1) an amount in cash equal to the Fair Market Value of one share of
Common Stock on the last trading day of the Vesting Period (or, if longer, the
Restricted Period), or (2) one share of Common Stock for each Restricted Unit,
net of shares withheld by the Company pursuant to Section 3.6(c), free of
restrictions. For Restricted Units paid in Common Stock, the appropriate number
of shares shall be delivered to the Participant or his or her beneficiary or
estate, as the case may be, in the form of stock certificates or credited to a
brokerage account as the Participant or his or her beneficiary or estate, as the
case may be, so directs. At least six months prior to the end of the applicable
period, the Company may permit a Participant to elect to extend the Restricted
Period of a Restricted Unit for an additional period determined by the
Participant at the time of such election.
(c) Payment of Taxes: At the end of the Vesting Period for Restricted
----------------
Shares or the Restricted Period for Restricted Units payable in Common Stock,
the Company shall satisfy any minimum federal, state, local or social security
withholding requirements that occur as a result the vesting of Restricted Shares
or payment of Restricted Units in shares of Common Stock by deducting from the
number of whole shares of Common Stock otherwise deliverable, such number of
shares as shall have a Fair Market Value, on the applicable date, equal to the
minimum tax required to be withheld by the Company.
Section 3.7 Termination of Employment.
-------------------------
(a) Prior to the end of a Vesting Period:
(i) Death: If a Participant ceases to be an employee of the Company
-----
prior to the end of a Vesting Period by reason of death, all grants of
Restricted Shares
11
and Restricted Units granted to such Participant are immediately payable in
accordance with their terms.
(ii) Disability or Retirement: The Disability or Retirement of a
------------------------
Participant shall not constitute a termination of employment for purposes of
this Article III and such Participant shall not forfeit any Restricted Shares or
Restricted Units held by him or her, provided that, during the remainder of the
applicable Vesting Period, such Participant does not engage in or assist any
business that the Committee, in its sole discretion, determines to be in
competition with business engaged in by the Company. A Participant who does
engage in or assist any business that the Committee in its sole discretion,
determines to be in competition with business engaged in by the Company shall be
deemed to have terminated employment.
(iii) Other Terminations: Except as otherwise provided herein, if a
------------------
Participant ceases to be an employee prior to the end of a Vesting Period for
any reason other than death, the Participant shall immediately forfeit all
Restricted Shares and Restricted Units previously granted, unless the Committee,
in its sole discretion, finds that the circumstances in the particular case so
warrant and allows a Participant whose employment has so terminated to retain
any or all of the Restricted Shares or Restricted Units granted to such
Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Participant
holding unvested Restricted Shares and/or Restricted Units (x) whose employment
is terminated because of a reduction in staff (coded under termination code
number 251 or such other code as may be equivalent to or substituted for
termination code number 251), and (y) who delivers to the Company and complies
with a release of claims he or she may have against the Company or any of its
subsidiaries, which will include a prohibition on solicitation of the Company's
employees and such other restrictions as the Company may impose (a "Release"),
then notwithstanding such termination, Restricted Shares and Restricted Units
granted to such Participant shall continue to vest during the Vesting Period and
be restricted during the Restricted Period for such grant; provided, however,
-------- -------
that in the event of the Employee's death during the relevant Vesting or
Restricted Periods the treatment of Restricted Shares and Restricted Units will
be determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 3.7(a)(i);
(b) After the end of a Vesting Period but prior to the end of a
Restricted Period:
(i) Death, Disability, or Retirement: If a Participant ceases
--------------------------------
to be an employee of the Company by reason of death, or in the case of the
Disability or Retirement of a Participant, prior to the end of a Restricted
Period, all Restricted Shares and Restricted Units granted to such Participant
are immediately payable in the manner set forth in Section 3.6.
(ii) Other Terminations: Terminations of employment for any
------------------
reason other than death after the end of a Vesting Period but prior to the end
of a Restricted Period shall not have any effect on the Restricted Period,
unless (A) the Restricted Period relates to Restricted Units that have been
further deferred in which case the Restricted Units shall be paid to the
Participant, or (B) the Committee, in its sole discretion, finds that the
circumstances so warrant and determines that the Restricted Period shall end on
an earlier date as determined by the Committee and, in each case, the applicable
Restricted Shares or Restricted Units shall be paid as soon as practicable in
the manner set forth in Section 3.6.
12
Approved leaves of absence of one year or less shall not be deemed to be
terminations of employment under this Section 3.7. Leaves of absence of more
than one year will be deemed to be terminations of employment under this Section
3.7, unless the Committee determines otherwise.
Section 3.8 Extension of Vesting or Restrictions; Deferral of Payment.
---------------------------------------------------------
The Committee may, in its sole discretion, offer any Participant the right,
by execution of a written agreement with ML & Co. containing such terms and
conditions as the Committee shall in its sole discretion provide for, to extend
the Vesting or Restricted Periods applicable to all or any portion of such
Participant's Restricted Shares or Restricted Units, to convert all or any
portion of such Participant's Restricted Shares into Restricted Units or to
defer the receipt of all or any portion of the payment, if any, for such
Participant's Restricted Units (including any Restricted Shares converted into
Restricted Units). In the event that any Vesting Period with respect to
Restricted Shares or Restricted Units is extended pursuant to this Section 3.8,
the Restricted Period with respect to such Restricted Shares or Restricted Units
shall be extended to the same date. The provisions of any written agreement with
a Participant pursuant to this Section 3.8 may provide for the payment or
crediting of interest, an appreciation factor or index or dividend equivalents,
as appropriate.
Section 3.9 Limitations on Transfer of Restricted Shares and Restricted
-----------------------------------------------------------
Units.
- -----
Restricted Shares and Restricted Units are not transferable during the
Restricted Period by a Participant except by will or the laws of descent and
distribution or bequest; provided, however, that the Committee shall have the
authority, in its discretion, to grant (or to authorize by amendment of an
existing grant) Restricted Shares and Restricted Units that may be transferred
by the Participant during his or her lifetime to any member of his or her
immediate family or to a trust, corporation, limited liability corporation,
family limited partnership or other equivalent vehicle, established for the
exclusive benefit of one or more members of his or her immediate family for
estate planning purposes. A transfer of Restricted Shares or Restricted Units
will not be permitted unless the Company has received evidence, to its
satisfaction, that such transfer does not trigger income or social security
taxes or withholding requirements. Such transfer may only be effected by the
Company at the written request of a Participant and shall become effective only
when recorded in the Company's record of outstanding Restricted Shares or
Restricted Units. In the event Restricted Shares or Restricted Units are
transferred, such Restricted Shares or Restricted Units may not be subsequently
transferred by the transferee except by will or the laws of descent and
distribution. In the event Restricted Shares or Restricted Units are
transferred, such Restricted Shares or Restricted Units shall continue to be
governed by and subject to the terms and limitations of the Plan and the
relevant grant and remain subject to forfeiture in the event the Participant
terminates his or her employment during the Vesting Period as if no transfer had
taken place. As used in this Section, "immediate family" shall mean, with
respect to any person, any child, stepchild or grandchild, and shall include
relationships arising from legal adoption.
ARTICLE IV - PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO STOCK OPTIONS.
13
Section 4.1 Grants of Stock Options.
-----------------------
The Committee may select employees to become Participants (subject to
Section 1.5 hereof) and grant Stock Options to such Participants at any time;
provided, however, that Incentive Stock Options shall be granted within 10 years
of the earlier of the date the Plan is adopted by the Board or approved by the
stockholders. Before making grants, the Committee must receive the
recommendations of the management of the Company, which will take into account
such factors as level of responsibility, current and past performance, and
performance potential. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Committee
shall also determine the number of shares of Common Stock to be covered by each
Stock Option. The Committee shall have the authority, in its discretion, to
grant "Incentive Stock Options" or "Nonqualified Stock Options," or to grant
both types of Stock Options. Furthermore, the Committee may grant a Stock
Appreciation Right in connection with a Stock Option, as provided in Article V.
Section 4.2 Option Documentation.
--------------------
Each Stock Option granted under the Plan shall be evidenced by written
documentation containing such terms and conditions as the Committee may deem
appropriate and are not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan.
Section 4.3 Exercise Price.
--------------
The Committee shall establish the exercise price at the time any Stock
Option is granted at such amount as the Committee shall determine, except that
such exercise price shall not be less than 50% of the Fair Market Value of the
underlying shares of Common Stock on the day a Stock Option is granted and that,
with respect to an Incentive Stock Option, such exercise price shall not be less
than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the underlying shares of Common Stock on
the day such Incentive Stock Option is granted. The exercise price will be
subject to adjustment in accordance with the provisions of Article VII of the
Plan.
Section 4.4 Exercise of Stock Options.
-------------------------
(a) Vesting and Exercisability: Stock Options shall become exercisable at
--------------------------
such times and in such installments as the Committee may provide at the time of
grant. The Committee may also set a Vesting Period for grants of Stock Options.
The Committee may also, in its sole discretion, accelerate the time at which a
Stock Option or installment may vest or become exercisable. A Stock Option may
be exercised at any time from the time first set by the Committee until the
close of business on the expiration date of the Stock Option.
(b) Option Period: For each Stock Option granted, the Committee shall
-------------
specify the period during which the Stock Option may be exercised, provided that
no Stock Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of 10 years (or such
longer period as the Committee shall designate) from the date of grant of such
Stock Option.
(c) Exercise in the Event of Termination of Employment:
--------------------------------------------------
14
(i) Death: If a Participant ceases to be an employee of the Company
-----
by reason of death prior to: (A) the end of a Vesting Period, (B) the exercise
of, or (C) the expiration of Stock Options granted to him or her that remain
outstanding on the date of death, such Stock Options may be exercised to the
full extent not yet exercised, regardless of whether or not then vested or fully
exercisable under the terms of the grant or under the terms of Section 4.4(a)
hereof, by his or her estate, beneficiaries, or transferees, as the case may be,
at any time and from time to time, but in no event after the expiration date of
such Stock Option.
(ii) Disability or Retirement: The Disability or Retirement of a
------------------------
Participant shall not constitute a termination of employment for purposes of
this Article IV, provided that following Disability or Retirement such
Participant does not engage in or assist any business that the Committee in its
sole discretion, determines to be in competition with business engaged in by the
Company. A Participant who does engage in or assist any business that the
Committee in its sole discretion, determines to be competition with business
engaged in by the Company shall be deemed to have terminated employment. In the
case of Incentive Stock Options, Disability shall be as defined in Code Section
22(e)(3).
(iii) Other Terminations: Except as provided herein, if a Participant
------------------
ceases to be an employee for any reason other than death prior to: (A) the end
of the Vesting Period, (B) the exercise of, or (C) the expiration of a Stock
Option, then all outstanding Stock Options granted to such Participant, whether
in his or her name or in the name of another person as a result of a transfer in
accordance with Section 4.4(d), shall expire and be forfeited on a date 30 days
following the date of such termination of employment. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, with respect to any Participant who holds unvested, unexercised
non-qualified Stock Options (x) whose employment is terminated because of a
reduction in staff (coded under termination code number 251 or such other code
as may be equivalent to or substituted for termination code number 251), and (y)
who delivers to the Company and complies with a release of claims he or she may
have against the Company or any of its subsidiaries, which will include a
prohibition on solicitation of the Company's employees and such other
restrictions as the Company may impose (a "Release"), then, notwithstanding such
termination, all unvested, unexercised Stock Options shall continue to be and
become exercisable in accordance with their terms until a date that is 30 days
after the latest date on which any Stock Options granted to such employee have
become fully exercisable (the "Exercise End Date"), but in no event later than
the original expiration date of such Stock Option, and may be exercised at any
time and from time to time during such period; provided however, that in the
----------------
event of the Employee's death, during such period, the exercisability of Stock
Options will be determined in accordance with the provisions of Section
4.4(c)(i);
In addition, if the Committee, in its sole discretion, finds that the
circumstances in the particular case so warrant, it may determine that the
Participant, his or her transferee pursuant to Section 4.4(d), or such
Participant's or transferee's estate or beneficiaries, may exercise any such
outstanding Stock Option (to the extent that any such outstanding Stock Option
could have been exercised at the date of such termination of employment) at any
time and from time to time within up to five (5) years after such termination of
employment, but in no event after the expiration date of such Stock Option (the
"Extended Period").
15
Approved leaves of absence of one year or less shall not be deemed to be
terminations of employment under this Section 4.4(c)(iii). Leaves of absence of
more than one year shall be deemed to be terminations of employment under this
Section 4.4(c)(iii), unless the Committee determines otherwise.
(d) Limitations on Transferability: Stock Options are not transferable
------------------------------
by a Participant except by will or the laws of descent and distribution or
bequest and are exercisable during his or her lifetime only by him or her;
provided, however, that the Committee shall have the authority, in its
discretion, to grant (or to authorize by amendment of an existing grant) Stock
Options that may be transferred by the Participant during his or her lifetime to
any member of his or her immediate family or to a trust, corporation, limited
liability corporation, family limited partnership or other equivalent vehicle,
established for the exclusive benefit of one or more members of his or her
immediate family. A transfer of a Stock Option pursuant to this subparagraph may
only be effected by the Company at the written request of a Participant and
shall become effective only when recorded in the Company's record of outstanding
Stock Options. In the event a Stock Option is transferred as contemplated in
this subparagraph, such Stock Option may not be subsequently transferred by the
transferee except by will or the laws of descent and distribution. In the event
a Stock Option is transferred as contemplated in this subparagraph, such Stock
Option shall continue to be governed by and subject to the terms and limitations
of the Plan and the relevant grant, and the transferee shall be entitled to the
same rights as the Participant under Articles VII, VIII and X hereof, as if no
transfer had taken place. As used in this subparagraph, "immediate family" shall
mean, with respect to any person, any child, stepchild or grandchild, and shall
include relationships arising from legal adoption.
Section 4.5 Payment of Purchase Price and Tax Liability Upon Exercise;
----------------------------------------------------------
Delivery of Shares.
------------------
(a) Payment of Purchase Price: The purchase price of the shares as to
-------------------------
which a Stock Option is exercised shall be paid to the Company at the time of
exercise (i) in cash, (ii) by delivering freely transferable shares of Common
Stock already owned by the person exercising the Stock Option having a total
real-time market price, at the time and on the date of exercise, equal to the
purchase price, (iii) a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock equal in
value to the exercise price, or (iv) by such other means as the Committee, in
its sole discretion, may determine.
(b) Payment of Taxes: Upon exercise, a Participant may elect to satisfy
----------------
any federal, state, local social security taxes required by law to be withheld
that arise as a result of the exercise of a Stock Option by directing the
Company to withhold from the shares of Common Stock otherwise deliverable upon
the exercise of such Stock Option, such number of shares as shall have a total
real-time market price at the time and on the date of exercise, at least equal
to the amount of tax to be withheld.
(c) Delivery of Shares: Upon receipt by the Company of the purchase
------------------
price, stock certificate(s) for the shares of Common Stock as to which a Stock
Option is exercised (net of any shares withheld pursuant to Section 4.5(b)
above) shall be delivered to the person in whose name the Stock Option is
outstanding or such person's estate or beneficiaries, as the case may be, or
such shares shall be credited to a
16
brokerage account or otherwise delivered, in such manner as such person or such
person's estate or beneficiaries, as the case may be, may direct.
Section 4.6 Limitation on Shares of Common Stock Received upon Exercise
-----------------------------------------------------------
of Stock Options.
----------------
The aggregate Fair Market Value (determined at the time an Incentive
Stock Option is granted) of the shares of Common Stock with respect to which an
Incentive Stock Option is exercisable for the first time by a Participant during
any calendar year (under all plans of the Company) shall not exceed $100,000 or
such other limit as may be established from time to time under the Code.
ARTICLE V - PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS.
Section 5.1 Grants of Stock Appreciation Rights.
-----------------------------------
The Committee may select employees to become Participants (subject to
the provisions of Section 1.5 hereof) and grant Stock Appreciation Rights to
such Participants at any time. Before making grants, the Committee must receive
the recommendations of the management of the Company, which will take into
account such factors as level of responsibility, current and past performance,
and performance potential. The Committee shall have the authority to grant Stock
Appreciation Rights in connection with a Stock Option or independently. The
Committee may grant Stock Appreciation Rights in connection with a Stock Option,
either at the time of grant or by amendment, in which case each such right shall
be subject to the same terms and conditions as the related Stock Option and
shall be exercisable only at such times and to such extent as the related Stock
Option is exercisable. A Stock Appreciation Right granted in connection with a
Stock Option shall entitle the holder to surrender to the Company the related
Stock Option unexercised, or any portion thereof, and receive from the Company
in exchange therefor an amount equal to the excess of the Fair Market Value of
one share of the Common Stock on the day preceding the surrender of such Stock
Option over the Stock Option exercise price times the number of shares
underlying the Stock Option, or portion thereof, that is surrendered. A Stock
Appreciation Right granted independently of a Stock Option shall entitle the
holder to receive upon exercise an amount equal to the excess of the Fair Market
Value of one share of Common Stock on the day preceding the exercise of the
Stock Appreciation Right over the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock
on the date such Stock Appreciation Right was granted, or such other price
determined by the Committee at the time of grant, which shall in no event be
less than 50% of the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock on the date
such Stock Appreciation Right was granted. Stock Appreciation Rights are not
transferable by a Participant except by will or the laws of descent and
distribution and are exercisable during his or her lifetime only by him or her.
17
Section 5.2 Stock Appreciation Rights Granted in Connection with
----------------------------------------------------
Incentive Stock Options.
-----------------------
(a) Stock Appreciation Rights granted in connection with Incentive
Stock Options must expire no later than the last date the underlying Incentive
Stock Option can be exercised.
(b) Such Stock Appreciation Rights may be granted for no more than 100%
of the difference between the exercise price of the underlying Incentive Stock
Option and the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock subject to the underlying
Incentive Stock Option at the time the Stock Appreciation Right is exercised.
(c) Such Stock Appreciation Rights are transferable only to the extent
and at the same time and under the same conditions as the underlying Incentive
Stock Options.
(d) Such Stock Appreciation Rights may be exercised only when the
underlying Incentive Stock Options may be exercised.
(e) Such Stock Appreciation Rights may be exercised only when the Fair
Market Value of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Incentive Stock
Options exceeds the exercise price of the Incentive Stock Options.
Section 5.3 Payment Upon Exercise of Stock Appreciation Rights.
--------------------------------------------------
The Company's obligation to any Participant exercising a Stock
Appreciation Right may be paid in cash or shares of Common Stock, or partly in
cash and partly in shares, at the sole discretion of the Committee.
Section 5.4 Termination of Employment.
-------------------------
(a) Death: If a Participant ceases to be an employee of the Company
-----
prior to the exercise or expiration of a Stock Appreciation Right outstanding in
his or her name on the date of death, such Stock Appreciation Right may be
exercised to the full extent not yet exercised, regardless of whether or not
then fully exercisable under the terms of the grant, by or his or her estate or
beneficiaries, as the case may be, at any time and from time to time within l2
months after the date of death but in no event after the expiration date of such
Stock Appreciation Right.
(b) Disability: The Disability of a Participant shall not constitute a
----------
termination of employment for purposes of this Article IV, provided that
following the Disability such Participant does not engage in or assist any
business that the Committee, in its sole discretion, determines to be in
competition with business engaged in by the Company. A Participant who does
engage in or assist any business that the Committee, in its sole discretion,
determines to be in competition with business engaged in by the Company shall be
deemed to have terminated employment.
(c) Retirement: The Retirement of a Participant shall not constitute a
----------
termination of employment for purposes of this Article IV, provided that
following Retirement such Participant does not engage in or assist any business
that the Committee, in its sole discretion, determines to be in competition with
business engaged
18
in by the Company, and such Participant may exercise any Stock Appreciation
Right outstanding in his or her name at any time and from time to time within 5
years after the date his or her Retirement commenced but in no event after the
expiration date of such Stock Appreciation Right. A Participant who does engage
in or assist any business that the Committee, in its sole discretion, determines
to be in competition with business engaged in by the Company shall be deemed to
have terminated employment.
(d) Other Terminations: If a Participant ceases to be an employee prior
------------------
to the exercise or expiration of a Stock Appreciation Right for any reason other
than death, all outstanding Stock Appreciation Rights granted to such
Participant shall expire on the date of such termination of employment, unless
the Committee, in its sole discretion, determines that he may exercise any such
outstanding Stock Appreciation Right (to the extent that he was entitled to do
so at the date of such termination of such employment) at any time and from time
to time within up to 5 years after such termination of employment but in no
event after the expiration date of such Stock Appreciation Right.
ARTICLE VI - PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO OTHER ML & CO. SECURITIES.
Section 6.1 Grants of Other ML & Co. Securities.
-----------------------------------
Subject to the provisions of the Plan and any necessary action by the
Board of Directors, the Committee may select employees to become Participants
(subject to the provisions of Section 1.5 hereof) and grant to Participants
Other ML & Co. Securities or the right or option to purchase Other ML & Co.
Securities on such terms and conditions as the Committee shall determine,
including, without limitation, the period such rights or options may be
exercised, the nature and terms of payment of consideration for such Other ML &
Co. Securities, whether such Other ML & Co. Securities shall be subject to any
or all of the provisions of Article III of the Plan applicable to Restricted
Shares and/or Restricted Units, the consequences of termination of employment,
and the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such Other ML & Co. Securities
may or must be repurchased by the Company. Before making grants, the Committee
must receive the recommendations of the management of the Company, which will
take into account such factors as level of responsibility, current and past
performance, and performance potential. Each such Other ML & Co. Security shall
be issued at a price that will not exceed the Fair Market Value thereof on the
date the corresponding right or option is granted. Other ML & Co. Securities may
bear interest or pay dividends from such date and at a rate or rates or pursuant
to a formula or formulas fixed by the Committee or any necessary action of the
Board. Any applicable conversion or exchange rate with respect to Other ML & Co.
Securities shall be fixed by, or pursuant to a formula determined by, the
Committee or any necessary action of the Board at each date of grant and may be
predicated upon the attainment of financial or other performance goals.
Section 6.2 Terms and Conditions of Conversion or Exchange.
----------------------------------------------
Each Other ML & Co. Security may be convertible or exchangeable on such
date and within such period of time as the Committee, or the Board if necessary,
determines at the time of grant. Other ML & Co. Securities may be convertible
into or exchangeable for (i) shares of Preferred Stock of ML & Co. or (ii) other
securities of ML & Co. or any present or future subsidiary of ML & Co., whether
or not convertible into shares of
19
Common Stock, as the Committee, or the Board if necessary, determines at the
time of grant (or at any time prior to the conversion or exchange date).
ARTICLE VII - CHANGES IN CAPITALIZATION.
Any other provision of the Plan to the contrary notwithstanding, if any
change shall occur in or affect shares of Common Stock or Performance Units,
Restricted Units, Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, or Other ML & Co.
Securities on account of a merger, consolidation, reorganization, stock
dividend, stock split or combination, reclassification, recapitalization, or
distribution to holders of shares of Common Stock (other than cash dividends)
including, without limitation, a merger or other reorganization event in which
the shares of Common Stock cease to exist, then, without any action by the
Committee, appropriate adjustments shall be made (1) the maximum number of
shares of Common Stock available for distribution under the Plan; (2) the number
of shares subject to or reserved for issuance and payable under outstanding
Performance Share, Restricted Unit, Restricted Share, and Stock Option grants.
In addition, if in the opinion of the Committee, after consultation with the
Company's independent public accountants, changes in the Company's accounting
policies, acquisitions, divestitures, distributions, or other unusual or
extraordinary items have disproportionately and materially affected the value of
shares of Common Stock or Performance Units, Restricted Units, Stock Options,
Stock Appreciation Rights, or Other ML & Co. Securities the performance
objectives for the Performance Periods not yet completed, including the minimum,
intermediate, and full performance levels and portion of payments related
thereto; and any other terms or provisions of any outstanding grants of
Performance Shares, Performance Units, Restricted Shares, Restricted Units,
Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, or Other ML & Co. Securities, in order
to preserve the full benefits of such grants for the Participants, taking into
account inflation, interest rates, and any other factors that the Committee, in
its sole discretion, considers relevant. In the event of a change in the
presently authorized shares of Common Stock that is limited to a change in the
designation thereof or a change of authorized shares with par value into the
same number of shares with a different par value or into the same number of
shares without par value, the shares resulting from any such change shall be
deemed to be shares of Common Stock within the meaning of the Plan. In the event
of any other change affecting the shares of Common Stock, Performance Units,
Restricted Units, Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, or Other ML & Co.
Securities, such adjustment shall be made as may be deemed equitable by the
Committee to give proper effect to such event.
ARTICLE VIII - PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT AFTER A CHANGE IN
CONTROL.
Section 8.1 Value of Payments Upon Termination After a Change in
----------------------------------------------------
Control.
-------
Any other provision of the Plan to the contrary notwithstanding and
notwithstanding any election to the contrary previously made by the Participant,
in the event a Change in Control shall occur and thereafter the Company shall
terminate the Participant's employment without Cause or the Participant shall
terminate his or her employment with the Company for Good Reason, the
Participant shall be paid the value of his or her Performance Shares,
Performance Units, Restricted Shares, Restricted Units, Stock Options, Stock
Appreciation Rights, and Other ML & Co. Securities in a lump
20
sum in cash, promptly after termination of his or her employment but, without
limiting the foregoing, in no event later than 30 days thereafter. Payments
shall be calculated as set forth below:
(a) Performance Shares and Performance Units.
----------------------------------------
Any payment for Performance Shares and Performance Units pursuant to
this Section 8.1(a) shall be calculated by applying performance objectives for
any outstanding Performance Shares and Performance Units as if the applicable
Performance Period and any applicable Restricted Period had ended on the first
day of the month in which the Participant's employment is terminated. The amount
of any payment to a Participant pursuant to this Section 8.1(a) shall be reduced
by the amount of any payment previously made to the Participant with respect to
the Performance Shares and Performance Units, exclusive of ordinary dividend
payments, resulting by operation of law from the Change in Control, including,
without limitation, payments resulting from a merger pursuant to state law. The
value of the Performance Shares and Performance Units payable pursuant to this
Section 8.1(a) shall be the amount equal to the number of Performance Shares and
Performance Units payable in accordance with the preceding sentence multiplied
by the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the day the Participant's
employment is terminated or, if higher, the highest Fair Market Value of a share
of the Common Stock on any day during the 90-day period ending on the date of
the Change in Control (the "Pre-CIC Value").
(b) Restricted Shares and Restricted Units.
--------------------------------------
Any payment under this Section 8.1(b) shall be calculated as if all the
relevant Vesting and Restricted Periods had been fully completed immediately
prior to the date on which the Participant's employment is terminated. The
amount of any payment to a Participant pursuant to this Section 8.1(b) shall be
reduced by the amount of any payment previously made to the Participant with
respect to the Restricted Shares and Restricted Units, exclusive of ordinary
dividend payments, resulting by operation of law from the Change in Control,
including, without limitation, payments resulting from a merger pursuant to
state law. The value of the Participant's Restricted Shares and Restricted Units
payable pursuant to this Section 8.1(b) shall be the amount equal to the number
of the Restricted Shares and Restricted Units outstanding in a Participant's
name multiplied by the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the day
the Participant's employment is terminated or, if higher, the Pre-CIC Value.
(c) Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights.
-------------------------------------------
Any payment for Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights pursuant to
this Section 8.1(c) shall be calculated as if all such Stock Options and Stock
Appreciation Rights, regardless of whether or not then fully exercisable under
the terms of the grant, became exercisable immediately prior to the date on
which the Participant's employment is terminated. The amount of any payment to a
Participant pursuant to this Section 8.1(c) shall be reduced by the amount of
any payment previously made to a Participant with respect to the Stock Options
and Stock Appreciation Rights, exclusive of any ordinary dividend payments,
resulting by operation of law from the Change in Control, including, without
limitation, payments resulting from a merger pursuant to state law. The value of
21
the Participant's Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights payable pursuant
to this Section 8.1(c) shall be
(i) in the case of a Stock Option, for each underlying
share of Common Stock, the excess of the Fair Market Value of a
share of Common Stock on the day the Participant's employment is
terminated, or, if higher, the Pre-CIC Value, over the per share
exercise price for such Stock Option;
(ii) in the case of a Stock Appreciation Right granted in
tandem with a Stock Option, the Fair Market Value of a share of
Common Stock on the day the Participant's employment is
terminated, or, if higher, the Pre-CIC Value, over the Stock
Option exercise price; and
(iii) in the case of a Stock Appreciation Right granted
independently of a Stock Option, the Fair Market Value of a share
of Common Stock on the day the Participant's employment is
terminated, or, if higher, the Pre-CIC Value, over the Fair Market
Value of one share of Common Stock on the date such Stock
Appreciation Right was granted, or such other price determined by
the Committee at the time of grant.
(d) Other ML & Co. Securities.
-------------------------
Any payment for Other ML & Co. Securities under this Section 8.1(d)
shall be calculated as if any relevant Vesting or Restricted Periods or other
applicable conditions dependent on the passage of time and relating to the
exercisability of any right or option to purchase Other ML & Co. Securities, or
relating to the full and unconditional ownership of such Other ML & Co.
Securities themselves, had been met on the first day of the month in which the
Participant's employment is terminated. The amount of any payment to a
Participant pursuant to this Section 8.1(d) shall be reduced by the amount of
any payment previously made to the Participant with respect to the Other ML &
Co. Securities, exclusive of ordinary dividend payments, resulting by operation
of law from the Change in Control, including, without limitation, payments
resulting from a merger pursuant to state law. The value of the Participant's
Other ML & Co. Securities payable pursuant to this Section 8.1(d) shall be
(i) in the case of an option or right to purchase such
Other ML & Co. Security, for each underlying Other ML & Co.
Security, the excess of the Fair Market Value of such Other ML &
Co. Security on the day the Participant's employment is
terminated, or, if higher, the Pre-CIC Value, over the exercise
price of such option or right; and
(ii) in the case of the Other ML & Co. Security itself
(where there is no outstanding option or right relating to such
Other ML & Co. Security), the Fair Market Value of the Other ML &
Co. Security on the day the Participant's employment is
terminated, or, if higher, the Pre-CIC Value.
Section 8.2 A Change in Control.
-------------------
A "Change in Control" shall mean a change in control of ML & Co. of a
nature that would be required to be reported in response to Item 6(e) of
Schedule 14A of
22
Regulation 14A promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(the "Exchange Act"), whether or not the Company is then subject to such
reporting requirement; provided, however, that, without limitation, a Change in
-------- -------
Control shall be deemed to have occurred if:
(a) any individual, partnership, firm, corporation, association, trust,
unincorporated organization or other entity, or any syndicate or group deemed to
be a person under Section 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act, other than the Company's
employee stock ownership plan, is or becomes the "beneficial owner" (as defined
in Rule 13d-3 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act),
directly or indirectly, of securities of ML & Co. representing 30% or more of
the combined voting power of ML & Co.'s then outstanding securities entitled to
vote in the election of directors of ML & Co.;
(b) during any period of two consecutive years (not including any period
prior to the Effective Date of this Plan) individuals who at the beginning of
such period constituted the Board of Directors and any new directors, whose
election by the Board of Directors or nomination for election by the
stockholders of ML & Co. was approved by a vote of at least three quarters of
the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of
the period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so
approved, cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority thereof; or
(c) all or substantially all of the assets of ML & Co. are liquidated or
distributed.
Section 8.3 Effect of Agreement Resulting in Change in Control.
--------------------------------------------------
If ML & Co. executes an agreement, the consummation of which would result
in the occurrence of a Change in Control as described in Section 8.2, then, with
respect to a termination of employment without Cause or for Good Reason
occurring after the execution of such agreement (and, if such agreement expires
or is terminated prior to consummation, prior to such expiration or termination
of such agreement), a Change in Control shall be deemed to have occurred as of
the date of the execution of such agreement.
Section 8.4 Termination for Cause.
---------------------
Termination of the Participant's employment by the Company for "Cause"
shall mean termination upon:
(a) the willful and continued failure by the Participant substantially to
perform his or her duties with the Company (other than any such failure
resulting from the Participant's incapacity due to physical or mental illness or
from the Participant's Retirement or any such actual or anticipated failure
resulting from termination by the Participant for Good Reason) after a written
demand for substantial performance is delivered to him or her by the Board of
Directors, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board of
Directors believes that he or she has not substantially performed his or her
duties; or
(b) the willful engaging by the Participant in conduct that is demonstrably
and materially injurious to the Company, monetarily or otherwise.
23
No act or failure to act by the Participant shall be deemed "willful"
unless done, or omitted to be done, by the Participant not in good faith and
without reasonable belief that his or her action or omission was in the best
interest of the Company.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Participant shall not be deemed to have
been terminated for Cause unless and until there shall have been delivered to
him or her a copy of a resolution duly adopted by the affirmative vote of not
less than three quarters of the entire membership of the Board of Directors at a
meeting of the Board called and held for such purpose (after reasonable notice
to the Participant and an opportunity for him or her, together with counsel, to
be heard before the Board of Directors), finding that, in the good faith opinion
of the Board of Directors, the Participant was guilty of conduct set forth above
in clause (a) or (b) of the first sentence of this Section 8.4 and specifying
the particulars thereof in detail.
Section 8.5 Good Reason.
-----------
"Good Reason" shall mean the Participant's termination of his or her
employment with the Company if, without the Participant's written consent, any
of the following circumstances shall occur:
(a) Inconsistent Duties. A meaningful and detrimental alteration in the
-------------------
Participant's position or in the nature or status of his or her responsibilities
(including those as a director of ML & Co., if any) from those in effect
immediately prior to the Change in Control;
(b) Reduced Salary or Bonus Opportunity. A reduction by the Company in the
-----------------------------------
Participant's annual base salary as in effect immediately prior to the Change in
Control; a failure by the Company to increase the Participant's salary at a rate
commensurate with that of other key executives of the Company; or a reduction in
the Participant's annual cash bonus below the greater of (i) the annual cash
bonus that he received, or to which he was entitled, immediately prior to the
Change in Control, or (ii) the average annual cash bonus paid to the Participant
by the Company for the three years preceding the year in which the Change in
Control occurs;
(c) Relocation. The relocation of the office of the Company where the
----------
Participant is employed at the time of the Change in Control (the "CIC
Location") to a location that in his or her good faith assessment is an area not
generally considered conducive to maintaining the executive offices of a company
such as ML & Co. because of hazardous or undesirable conditions including
without limitation a high crime rate or inadequate facilities, or to a location
that is more than twenty-five (25) miles away from the CIC Location or the
Company's requiring the Participant to be based more than twenty-five (25) miles
away from the CIC Location (except for required travel on the Company's business
to an extent substantially consistent with his or her customary business travel
obligations in the ordinary course of business prior to the Change in Control);
(d) Compensation Plans. The failure by the Company to continue in effect
------------------
any compensation plan in which the Participant participates, including but not
limited to this Plan, the Company's retirement program, Employee Stock Purchase
Plan, 1978 Incentive Equity Purchase Plan, Equity Capital Accumulation Plan,
Canadian Capital
24
Accumulation Plan, Management Capital Accumulation Plan, limited partnership
offerings, cash incentive compensation or any other plans adopted prior to the
Change in Control, unless an equitable arrangement (embodied in an ongoing
substitute or alternative plan) has been made with respect to such plan in
connection with the Change in Control, or the failure by the Company to continue
the Participant's participation therein on at least as favorable a basis, both
in terms of the amount of benefits provided and the level of his or her
participation relative to other Participants, as existed immediately prior to
the Change in Control;
(e) Benefits and Perquisites. The failure of the Company to continue to
------------------------
provide the Participant with benefits at least as favorable as those enjoyed by
the Participant under any of the Company's retirement, life insurance, medical,
health and accident, disability, deferred compensation or savings plans in which
the Participant was participating immediately prior to the Change in Control;
the taking of any action by the Company that would directly or indirectly
materially reduce any of such benefits or deprive the Participant of any
material fringe benefit enjoyed by him or her immediately prior to the Change in
Control, including, without limitation, the use of a car, secretary, office
space, telephones, expense reimbursement, and club dues; or the failure by the
Company to provide the Participant with the number of paid vacation days to
which the Participant is entitled on the basis of years of service with the
Company in accordance with the Company's normal vacation policy in effect
immediately prior to the Change in Control;
(f) No Assumption by Successor. The failure of ML & Co. to obtain a
--------------------------
satisfactory agreement from any successor to assume and agree to perform a
Participant's employment agreement as contemplated thereunder or, if the
business of the Company for which his or her services are principally performed
is sold at any time after a Change in Control, the purchaser of such business
shall fail to agree to provide the Participant with the same or a comparable
position, duties, compensation, and benefits as provided to him or her by the
Company immediately prior to the Change in Control.
Section 8.6 Effect on Plan Provisions.
-------------------------
In the event of a Change in Control, no changes in the Plan, or in any
documents evidencing grants of Performance Shares, Performance Units, Restricted
Shares, Restricted Units, Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, or Other ML
& Co. Securities and no adjustments, determinations or other exercises of
discretion by the Committee or the Board of Directors, that were made subsequent
to the Change in Control and that would have the effect of diminishing a
Participant's rights or his or her payments under the Plan or this Article shall
be effective, including, but not limited to, any changes, determinations or
other exercises of discretion made to or pursuant to the Plan. Once a
Participant has received a payment pursuant to this Article VIII, shares of
Common Stock that were reserved for issuance in connection with any Performance
Shares, Restricted Shares, Stock Options, or Other ML & Co. Securities for which
payment is made shall no longer be reserved and shares of Common Stock that are
Restricted Shares or that are restricted and held by the Company pursuant to
Section 2.6(a)(i), for which payment has been made, shall no longer be
registered in the name of the Participant and shall again be available for
grants under the Plan. If the Participant's employment is terminated without
Cause or for Good Reason after a Change in Control, any election to defer
25
payment for Performance Shares or Performance Units pursuant to Section 2.8
hereof or Restricted Shares or Restricted Units pursuant to Section 3.8 hereof
shall be null and void.
ARTICLE IX - MISCELLANEOUS.
Section 9.1 Designation of Beneficiary.
--------------------------
A Participant, or the transferee of a Restricted Share, Restricted
Unit or Stock Option pursuant to Sections 3.9 or 4.4(d), may designate, in a
writing delivered to ML & Co. before his or her death, a person or persons or
entity or entities to receive, in the event of his or her death, any rights to
which he or she would be entitled under the Plan. A Participant or Restricted
Share, Restricted Unit or Stock Option transferee, may also designate an
alternate beneficiary to receive payments if the primary beneficiary does not
survive the Participant or the transferee. A Participant or transferee may
designate more than one person or entity as his or her beneficiary or alternate
beneficiary, in which case such beneficiaries would receive payments as joint
tenants with a right of survivorship. A beneficiary designation under the Plan
will apply to future grants unless changed or revoked by a Participant or the
transferee by filing a written or electronic notification of such change or
revocation with the Company. If a Participant or transferee fails to designate a
beneficiary, then his or her estate shall be deemed to be his or her
beneficiary.
Section 9.2 Employment Rights.
-----------------
Neither the Plan nor any action taken hereunder shall be construed as
giving any employee of the Company the right to become a Participant, and a
grant under the Plan shall not be construed as giving any Participant any right
to be retained in the employ of the Company.
Section 9.3 Nontransferability.
------------------
Except as provided in Sections 3.9 and 4.4(d), a Participant's rights
under the Plan, including the right to any amounts or shares payable, may not be
assigned, pledged, or otherwise transferred except, in the event of a
Participant's death, to his or her designated beneficiary or, in the absence of
such a designation, by will or the laws of descent and distribution.
Section 9.4 Withholding.
-----------
The Company shall have the right, before any payment is made or a
certificate for any shares is delivered or any shares are credited to any
brokerage account, to deduct or withhold from any payment under the Plan any
federal, state, local or social security or other taxes, including transfer
taxes, required by law to be withheld or to require the Participant or his or
her beneficiary or estate, as the case may be, to pay any amount, or the balance
of any amount, required to be withheld.
26
Section 9.5 Relationship to Other Benefits.
------------------------------
No payment under the Plan shall be taken into account in determining any
benefits under any retirement, group insurance, or other employee benefit plan
of the Company. The Plan shall not preclude the stockholders of ML & Co., the
Board of Directors or any committee thereof, or the Company from authorizing or
approving other employee benefit plans or forms of incentive compensation, nor
shall it limit or prevent the continued operation of other incentive
compensation plans or other employee benefit plans of the Company or the
participation in any such plans by Participants in the Plan.
Section 9.6 No Trust or Fund Created.
------------------------
Neither the Plan nor any grant made hereunder shall create or be construed
to create a trust or separate fund of any kind or a fiduciary relationship
between the Company and a Participant or any other person. To the extent that
any person acquires a right to receive payments from the Company pursuant to a
grant under the Plan, such right shall be no greater than the right of any
unsecured general creditor of the Company.
Section 9.7 Expenses.
--------
The expenses of administering the Plan shall be borne by the Company.
Section 9.8 Indemnification.
---------------
Service on the Committee shall constitute service as a member of the Board
of Directors so that members of the Committee shall be entitled to
indemnification and reimbursement as directors of ML & Co. pursuant to its
Certificate of Incorporation, By-Laws, or resolutions of its Board of Directors
or stockholders.
Section 9.9 Tax Litigation.
--------------
The Company shall have the right to contest, at its expense, any tax ruling
or decision, administrative or judicial, on any issue that is related to the
Plan and that the Company believes to be important to Participants in the Plan
and to conduct any such contest or any litigation arising therefrom to a final
decision.
ARTICLE X - AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION.
The Board of Directors or the Committee (but no other committee of the
Board of Directors) may modify, amend or terminate the Plan at any time. No
modification, amendment or termination of the Plan shall have a material adverse
effect on the rights of a Participant under a grant previously made to him
without the consent of such Participant.
27
ARTICLE XI - INTERPRETATION.
Section 11.1 Governmental and Other Regulations.
----------------------------------
The Plan and any grant hereunder shall be subject to all applicable
federal, state and local laws, rules, and regulations and to such approvals by
any regulatory or governmental agency that may, in the opinion of the counsel
for the Company, be required.
Section 11.2 Governing Law.
-------------
The Plan shall be construed and its provisions enforced and administered in
accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts
entered into and performed entirely in such State.
ARTICLE XII - EFFECTIVE DATE.
The Plan shall not be effective unless it is approved by the Board of
Directors of the Corporation.
28
EXHIBIT 10(xxxii)
Form of Executive Annuity Agreement
-----------------------------------
Executive Annuity Agreement dated as of [______________], by
and between Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. ("ML & Co.") and [_________] (the
"Executive").
WHEREAS, the Executive has worked for ML & Co. for an extended
period and is at present the [TITLE] of ML & Co.; and
WHEREAS, ML & Co. desires to establish an incentive for the
Executive, based on the Executive's compensation and total period of qualifying
service, to continue to serve in the above-referenced position with ML & Co., or
in such other high senior executive position as the Board of Directors of ML &
Co. may hereafter specify, until such time as the Executive retires from ML &
Co.;
WHEREAS, the Executive's substantial expertise and knowledge
relating to the operation of the activities of ML & Co. and its affiliates is
such that ML & Co. desires that the Executive not compete with ML & Co. and its
affiliates in certain respects following the Executive's retirement from ML &
Co.; and
WHEREAS, in view of the foregoing ML & Co. has decided that an
appropriate benefit for the Executive, conditioned on continuing executive
service until retirement and non-competition after retirement, would be to
provide the Executive, and the Executive's surviving spouse, if any, with a
retirement annuity which supplements retirement benefits otherwise payable to
the Executive and the Executive's surviving spouse; and
WHEREAS, the Executive is willing to enter into this
Agreement;
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the
Executive's further service with ML & Co., ML & Co. and the Executive agree as
follows:
SECTION 1
Definitions
-----------
In addition to the defined terms indicated above, unless
otherwise required by the context for purposes of this Agreement, each of the
following terms shall have the meaning indicated for that term:
"Affiliate" means any subsidiary or other entity that is owned
at least 50% by ML & Co. or by another such subsidiary or
entity, or that is designated by ML & Co. as an Affiliate for
purposes of this Agreement.
"Agreement" means this Executive Annuity Agreement, as it may
be amended from time to time.
"Beneficiary" means the Executive's surviving spouse, if any.
"Board" means that Board of Directors of ML & Co.
"Committee" means the Management Development and Compensation
Committee of the Board, as constituted from time to time.
"Compensation" means the highest consecutive five calendar
year average of the Executive's Eligible Compensation, as
defined in the Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. Retirement
Accumulation Plan, as amended from time to time, included in
the Retirement Program, but without regard to the limit
prescribed under Internal Revenue Code Section 401(a)(17) and
excluding for all years any non-recurring cash compensation
awards such as awards under the Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. ROE
Incentive Compensation Plan.
"Disability" means a physical or mental impairment as a result
of which the Executive is eligible to receive, or is in
receipt of, long term disability benefits under the Merrill
Lynch & Co., Inc. Basic Long Term Disability Plan, as amended
from time to time.
"Executive Annuity" means the annual amount determined under
Section 3.
"401(k) Savings Plan" means the Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.
401(k) Savings & Investment Plan, as amended from time to time
and any successor plans thereto.
"Index Value" means the "Personal Consumption Expenditures"
index amount published by the Economics and Statistics
Administration of the U.S. Department of Commerce for the
period ending on the December 31 or June 30 immediately prior
to the relevant date or, if such index amount is no longer
published on a regular basis, such successor index published
by an agency or instrumentality of the United States
government as the Committee determines in its sole and
absolute discretion to most closely replace that index.
"Initial Index Value" means the Index Value as of [_______].
"Merrill Lynch" means ML & Co. and each Affiliate.
"Metropolitan Contract" means Group Annuity Contract No. 10438
issued as of December 29, 1988 by Metropolitan Life Insurance
Company to the Trustees of the Pension Plan for Employees of
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. and Affiliates (terminated as of
December 13, 1988) to provide for the payment of Pension Plan
Annuities as provided therein.
"Qualified Retirement Annuity" means an annual amount
calculated as the sum of the following, payable monthly for
the life of the Executive commencing as of the Retirement Date
provided in Section 4:
(a) the single life annuity, if any, of the Executive under
the provisions of the Metropolitan Contract,
(b) the annuitized value of the aggregate of the Executive's
account balances under the Retirement Program and the
401(k) Savings Plan as adjusted to reflect only the
balance in the SIP account thereunder allocable to
employer contributions and investment experience thereon
(not including any amount allocable to elective 401(k)
deferrals or investment experience thereon), such value to
be calculated by dividing such aggregate by the applicable
conversion factor for immediate annuities payable at or
after age 55 as set forth in the table attached hereto as
Appendix "A". Arithmetic interpolation (in increments of
one-twelfth for each month or any part thereof, rounded up
to the third decimal place) between the conversion factors
for two consecutive ages shall be used to determine the
conversion factor for Retirement Dates that are not
coincident with or next following the Executive's
birthday, and
(c) 50% of the Executive's Social Security Primary Insurance
amount computed as of the Executive's Retirement Date.
Annuitized values shall be determined based upon the quarterly
(in the case of the Retirement Program) or monthly (in the
case of the 401(k) Savings Plan) valuation occurring
coincident with or immediately preceding the Executive's
Retirement Date or death while in Merrill Lynch employment, as
applicable.
"Retirement" means termination of the Executive's employment
with Merrill Lynch after attaining age [_], except that
Retirement shall not include such termination by (a)
affirmative vote of a majority of the whole Board, either for
or without cause, unless the Board specifically directs that
such termination shall be treated as Retirement, or (b)
resignation of the Executive without the approval of the
Board, which shall not be unreasonably withheld.
-2-
"Retirement Date" means the first day of any month coincident
with or next following the Executive's Retirement as of which
payment of the Executive Annuity to or in respect of the
Executive is to commence as provided in Section 4.
"Retirement Program" means the Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.
Retirement Accumulation Plan, as amended from time to time,
and the Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. Employee Stock Ownership
Plan, as amended from time to time, and any successor plans
thereto.
"Service", shall have the same meaning as under the Retirement
Program for purposes of determining the Executive's "Basic
Credits" thereunder, but excluding any periods after the
Executive's 65th birthday, Retirement, or the date of
termination of this Agreement. Service includes all periods of
Disability.
SECTION 2
Eligibility
-----------
An Executive Annuity shall be payable to or in respect of the
Executive only in the event of the Retirement or death of the Executive while in
Merrill Lynch employment.
SECTION 3
Amount
------
Except as otherwise provided in Section 6, the amount of the
Executive Annuity to or in respect of the Executive shall be an annual sum equal
to 1.25% of the Executive's Compensation multiplied by the Executive's Service,
reduced by the Executive's Qualified Retirement Annuity. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, however, the sum of the amount payable annually to or in respect of
the Executive under this Agreement shall not exceed (i) $1,750,000, if the
Executive's Executive Annuity is payable as a Life Annuity, or a 10-year Certain
and Life Annuity as referred to in Section 4, or (ii) $1,480,000, if the
Executive's Executive Annuity is payable as a 50% or 100% Joint and Survivor
Life Annuity as referred to in Section 4, in either case less the amount of the
Executive's Qualified Retirement Annuity.
The $1,750,000 and $1,480,000 limits established under the
preceding paragraph shall be adjusted as of each December 31 and June 30 prior
to the earlier of the Executive's Retirement or death by multiplying the
respective amount by a fraction, the numerator of which is the Index Value as of
the relevant date and the denominator of which is the Initial Index Value;
provided that no adjustment shall be made as of any December 31 or June 30 if
such adjustment would result in a decrease in the limit then in effect.
Following the Executive's Retirement or death, the amount of
an Executive Annuity as determined under this Section 3 will neither be
increased by any cost of living adjustments nor reduced by any such adjustments
made to the Pension Plan Annuity under the Metropolitan Contract.
SECTION 4
Time and Forms of Payment
-------------------------
One-twelfth of the Executive Annuity shall be payable monthly
commencing as of the Executive's Retirement Date, which shall be at the same
time and in the same form (namely, as a Life Annuity, a 50% Joint and Survivor
Life Annuity, a 100% Joint and Survivor Life Annuity, or a 10-Year Certain and
Life Annuity) as the Pension Plan Annuity under the Metropolitan Contract that
is actually so payable to or in respect of the Executive. For purposes of
computing an amount payable under this Agreement, the computation shall be made
in all cases by applying the relevant reduction factors provided for in the
Metropolitan Contract with reference to the Beneficiary, whether or not the
Beneficiary is also the Executive's beneficiary, if any, under the Metropolitan
Contract.
-3-
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event of the death of
the Executive while in Merrill Lynch employment and before Retirement, payments
to the Beneficiary, if any, shall be made as if the Executive's Retirement was
on the day before the Executive's death with the Executive having elected a 100%
Joint and Survivor Life Annuity, computed as stated in the foregoing paragraph.
SECTION 5
Administration
--------------
The Committee is authorized in its sole and absolute
discretion, without limitation, to make all determinations which it deems
necessary or advisable for the operation of this Agreement, to construe and
interpret the Agreement, to establish such rules and to delegate such of its
authority as it deems appropriate, and to perform all other acts believed
reasonable and proper in connection with this Agreement.
SECTION 6
Amendment and Termination
-------------------------
ML & Co. reserves the right to amend, modify, restate, or
terminate this Agreement in whole or in part, at any time for any reason;
provided, however, that no such action shall reduce the amount of the Executive
Annuity determined under Section 3, based on the Executive's Compensation and
Service as of the effective date of such action, but with the Qualified
Retirement Annuity for purposes of the offset under Section 3 to be determined
as of the Executive's Retirement Date, or otherwise deprive the Executive or
Beneficiary of any entitlement to such Executive Annuity determined as of the
effective date of such action.
SECTION 7
Miscellaneous
-------------
7.1 Source of Payments
The obligation of ML & Co. to pay the Executive Annuity shall
be unfunded and is solely an unsecured Promise by ML & Co. All monthly payments
shall be made, as and when due, from the general assets of ML & Co. ML & Co. is
not obligated to, but may, in its sole and absolute discretion, make
arrangements with banks or insurance companies, and establish special reserve,
accounts or funds, including a "grantor trust", and may make such investments as
deemed desirable, to assist in meeting its obligations under this Agreement. Any
such arrangements with their underlying assets, reserves, accounts, or funds
shall at all times remain general assets of ML & Co., subject to the claims of
its general creditors, and neither the Executive nor the Beneficiary shall have
any right, title, or interest whatsoever therein.
7.2 Non-Alienation
No payment or right under this Agreement is subject to
anticipation, alienation, sale, transfer, assignment, pledge, encumbrance, or
charge, and any such action, shall be void and of no effect; nor are any such
payments subject to seizure, attachment, execution, garnishment, or other legal
or equitable process, or for the payment of any debts, judgments, alimony, or
separate maintenance; nor are such payments transferable by operation of law in
the event of bankruptcy, insolvency, or similar occurrence of the Executive or
Beneficiary. In the event a person who is receiving or is entitled to receive
payments under this Agreement attempts to assign, transfer, or dispose of such
payment or right, or if an attempt is made to subject said payment or right to
such process, such assignment, transfer, or disposition shall be null and void.
7.3 Forfeiture
The Executive and the Beneficiary, in the sole discretion of
the Committee, shall forfeit any right to payments under this Agreement not yet
made in the event that the Executive, following Retirement, enters into any
employment, consulting, or other relationship with any person or entity which
the Committee determines, in its sole
-4-
discretion, to be in competition with Merrill Lynch. Competition, for purposes
of this section, means any involvement in any business in the financial services
industry, including, but not limited to, investment banking, securities
brokerage, securities trading, asset management, insurance, and banking.
7.4 Merger, Consolidation, Sale, or Transfer of Assets
In the event ML & Co. is merged or consolidated with another
entity, or all or substantially all of the assets of ML & Co. are sold or
otherwise transferred to another entity, this Agreement shall be binding upon
and inure to the benefit of the successor or transferee resulting from or of
such merger, consolidation, sale or transfer.
7.5 Agreement Not a Condition of Employment
Nothing in this Agreement or any action taken hereunder shall
be deemed or construed as giving the Executive any right to continued employment
or as affecting the right of Merrill Lynch to discipline (including, without
limitation, the right to discharge) the Executive at any time.
7.6 No Trust or Fiduciary Relationship Created
Nothing contained in this Agreement and no action taken
pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement shall create or be construed to
create a trust of any kind or a fiduciary relationship between Merrill Lynch,
the Executive, or any Beneficiary.
7.7 Application for Payments
An application for payments under this Agreement shall be in a
form acceptable to the Committee. The Committee may require any applicant to
furnish the Committee with such documented evidence or information as the
Committee may consider reasonably necessary or desirable.
7.8 Claims Procedure
(a) If an application for payments under this Agreement is denied, in
whole or in part, the Committee shall promptly give the applicant
written notice of the denial, setting forth the specific reasons
therefor. The notice shall include the following:
(i) The basis for the denial;
(ii) A reference to each Agreement provision on which the denial
is based;
(iii) A description of any additional information required of the
applicant; and
(iv) An explanation of the procedure for having a denied
application reviewed under this Agreement.
(b) The applicant may, upon receipt of a notice of a denied
application, request a review of the application by the Committee.
Such request shall be delivered in writing to any member of the
Committee. After the Committee has reviewed the application, the
final decision of the Committee shall be communicated in writing to
the applicant. Such communication shall set forth the specific
reasons for the decision with reference to each appropriate
Agreement provision.
7.9 Payments to Incompetents
If the Committee receives evidence satisfactory to it that the
Executive or Beneficiary entitled to receive any payment under this Agreement
is, at the time when such payment becomes payable, physically or mentally
incompetent to receive such payment and to give a valid release therefor and
that another person or institution is then maintaining or has custody of the
Executive or Beneficiary, and that no guardian, committee, or other
representative of the estate of the Executive or Beneficiary shall have been
duly appointed, the Committee may
-5-
direct payment of such payment otherwise payable to the Executive or Beneficiary
to such other person or institution, and the release of such other person or
institution shall be a valid and complete discharge for the payments.
7.10 Governing Law and Exclusive Venue
This Agreement shall be construed, performed and enforced
under the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to its conflict
of laws rules, except to the extent such laws are pre-empted by Federal law. The
venue with respect to any litigation involving the Agreement and a claimant
shall lie exclusively in either (a) the Supreme Court of the State of New York,
New York County, or (b) the United States District Court for the Southern
District of New York. By continuing in employment with Merrill Lynch after
executing this Agreement, the Executive, on behalf of the Executive and the
Executive's Beneficiary, hereby waives any right to a trial by jury in
connection with any dispute relating to this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Executive and ML & Co. have duly
executed this Agreement.
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.
By:
-----------------------------------
Name:
Title: Senior Vice President,
Head of Human Resources
Executive
---------------------------------------
-6-
APPENDIX "A"
------------
(See "Qualified Retirement Annuity" under Section 1)
CONVERSION FACTORS FOR IMMEDIATE ANNUITIES
UP 1984 Mortality - 8% p.a. Discount Rate
Age at birthday coincident with or
immediately preceding Retirement Date Conversion Factor
------------------------------------- -----------------
55 9.955
56 9.801
57 9.642
58 9.477
59 9.308
60 9.133
61 8.954
62 8.770
63 8.582
64 8.390
65 8.196
66 7.999
67 7.801
68 7.601
69 7.399
70 7.192
71 6.983
72 6.771
73 6.556
74 6.339
75 6.122
76 5.905
77 5.690
78 5.476
79 5.264
80 5.053
-7-
EXHIBIT 12
MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
COMPUTATION OF RATIOS OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES AND
COMBINED FIXED CHARGES AND PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS
(dollars in millions)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED LAST FRIDAY IN DECEMBER
2001 2000 1999 1998
1997
------------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- --
-------------
(52 WEEKS) (52 WEEKS) (53 WEEKS) (52 WEEKS)
(52 WEEKS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
<C>
Pre-tax earnings $ 1,377 $ 5,717 $ 4,206 $ 2,120
$ 3,102
Add: Fixed charges (excluding
capitalized interest and preferred security
dividend requirements of subsidiaries) 17,097 18,307 13,235 17,237
15,128
------------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- --
-------------
Pre-tax earnings before fixed charges 18,474 24,024 17,441 19,357
18,230
============= ============== ============= ================
===============
Fixed charges:
Interest 16,843 18,052 12,987 17,014
14,938
Other (a) 451 465 451 354
240
------------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- --
-------------
Total fixed charges 17,294 18,517 13,438 17,368
15,178
============= ============== ============= ================
===============
Preferred stock dividends 55 55 56 58
62
Total combined fixed charges ------------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- ---
------------
and preferred stock dividends $17,349 $18,572 $13,494 $17,426
$15,240
============= ============== ============= ================
===============
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges 1.07 1.30 1.30 1.11
1.20
Ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges
and preferred stock dividends 1.06 1.29 1.29 1.11
1.20
</TABLE>
(a) Other fixed charges consists of the interest factor in rentals,
amortization of debt issuance costs, preferred security dividend
requirements of subsidiaries, and amortization of capitalized interest.
EXHIBIT 13
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
[LOGO] Financial Table of Contents
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C> <C>
16 Selected Financial Data 49 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
17 Management's Discussion and Analysis 49 Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
17 Business Environment 59 Note 2. Other Significant Events
18 Results of Operations 60 Note 3. Segment and Geographic Information
19 Business Segments 62 Note 4. Securities Financing Transactions
25 Global Operations 62 Note 5. Investments
27 Non-Interest Expenses 63 Note 6. Trading Assets and Liabilities
29 Income Taxes 66 Note 7. Loans, Notes, and Mortgages
29 Balance Sheet 66 Note 8. Commercial Paper and Short- and
Long-Term Borrowings
31 Capital Adequacy and Funding
68 Note 9. Deposits
33 Capital Projects and Expenditures
68 Note 10. Preferred Securities Issued by
Subsidiaries
34 Risk Management
68 Note 11. Stockholders' Equity and Earnings
37 Non-Investment Grade Holdings and Per Share
Highly Leveraged Transactions
70 Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies
39 Litigation
71 Note 13. Employee Benefit Plans
39 Critical Accounting Policies
74 Note 14. Employee Incentive Plans
40 Recent Developments
77 Note 15. Income Taxes
41 Management's Discussion of
Financial Responsibility 77 Note 16. Regulatory Requirements and
Dividend Restrictions
42 Independent Auditors' Report 79 Supplemental Financial Information
43 Consolidated Financial Statements 79 Quarterly Information
43 Consolidated Statements of Earnings 79 Dividends Per Common Share
44 Consolidated Balance Sheets 79 Stockholder Information
46 Consolidated Statements of
Changes in Stockholders' Equity
47 Consolidated Statements of
Comprehensive Income
48 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
</TABLE>
PAGE 15
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
YEAR ENDED LAST FRIDAY IN DECEMBER
---------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Total Revenues $ 38,757 $ 44,852 $ 35,332 $ 34,828 $ 31,460
Less Interest Expense 16,877 18,086 13,019 17,038 14,957
--------- ---------- --------- --------- --------
-
Net Revenues 21,880 26,766 22,313 17,790 16,503
Non-Interest Expenses 20,503 21,049 18,107 15,670 13,401
--------- ---------- --------- --------- --------
-
Earnings Before Income Taxes and Dividends on
Preferred Securities Issued by Subsidiaries 1,377 5,717 4,206 2,120 3,102
Income Tax Expense 609 1,738 1,319 725 1,127
Dividends on Preferred Securities Issued by
Subsidiaries 195 195 194 124 47
--------- ---------- --------- --------- --------
-
Net Earnings $ 573 $ 3,784 $ 2,693 $ 1,271 $ 1,928
========= ========== ========= ========= =========
Net Earnings Applicable to Common Stockholders(a) $ 535 $ 3,745 $ 2,654 $ 1,233 $ 1,889
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---
FINANCIAL POSITION
Total Assets $ 419,419 $ 407,200 $ 309,850 $ 286,446 $ 298,057
Short-Term Borrowings(b) $ 178,146 $ 186,714 $ 115,409 $ 98,655 $ 123,946
Long-Term Borrowings $ 76,572 $ 70,223 $ 54,043 $ 57,599 $ 43,176
Preferred Securities Issued by Subsidiaries $ 2,695 $ 2,714 $ 2,725 $ 2,627 $ 627
Total Stockholders' Equity $ 20,008 $ 18,304 $ 13,004 $ 10,264 $ 8,663
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---
COMMON SHARE DATA(c)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Earnings Per Share:
Basic $ 0.64 $ 4.69 $ 3.52 $ 1.69 $ 2.70
========= ========== ========= ========= =========
Diluted $ 0.57 $ 4.11 $ 3.11 $ 1.49 $ 2.33
========= ========== ========= ========= =========
Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding:
Basic 838,683 798,273 754,672 728,929 698,300
Diluted 938,555 911,416 853,499 830,276 809,819
Shares Outstanding at Year End(d) 843,474 807,955 752,501 729,981 696,611
Book Value Per Share $ 23.03 $ 21.95 $ 16.49 $ 13.31 $ 11.69
Dividends Paid Per Share $ 0.64 $ 0.61 $ 0.53 $ 0.46 $ 0.38
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---
FINANCIAL RATIOS
Pre-tax Profit Margin(e) 6.3% 21.4% 18.8% 11.9% 18.8%
Common Dividend Payout Ratio 100.0% 13.0% 15.1% 27.2% 14.1%
Return on Average Assets 0.1% 1.1% 0.9% 0.4% 0.7%
Return on Average Common Stockholders' Equity 2.7% 24.2% 23.8% 13.4% 25.9%
Average Leverage(f) 18.8x 19.0x 21.4x 29.9x 34.9x
Average Adjusted Leverage(g) 13.1x 13.2x 14.2x 19.0x 21.1x
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---
OTHER STATISTICS
(dollars in billions)
Full-Time Employees:
U.S. 43,500 51,800 49,700 47,900 46,600
Non-U.S. 13,900 20,200 18,200 17,300 13,900
--------- ---------- --------- --------- --------
-
Total(h) 57,400 72,000 67,900 65,200 60,500
========= ========== ========= ========= =========
Private Client Financial Advisors 16,400 20,200 18,600 17,800 14,900
Client Assets $ 1,458 $ 1,681 $ 1,696 $ 1,446 $ 1,229
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---
</TABLE>
(a) Net earnings less preferred stock dividends.
(b) Consists of Payables under repurchase agreements, Payables under securities
loaned transactions, Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings, and
Deposits.
(c) All share and per share data have been restated for the two-for-one common
stock split paid in August 2000 (see Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements).
(d) Does not include 4,195; 4,654; 8,019; 9,012; and 9,436 shares exchangeable
into common stock (see Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements) at
year-end 2001, 2000, 1999, 1998, and 1997, respectively.
(e) Earnings before income taxes and dividends on preferred securities issued
by subsidiaries to Net revenues.
(f) Average total assets to average total stockholders' equity and Preferred
securities issued by subsidiaries.
(g) Average total assets less average (i) Receivables under resale agreements,
(ii) Receivables under securities borrowed transactions, and (iii)
Securities received as collateral to average total stockholders' equity and
Preferred securities issued by subsidiaries.
(h) Excludes 3,200 full-time employees on salary continuation severance at
year-end 2001.
PAGE 16
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
Management's Discussion and Analysis Table of Contents
17 Business Environment
18 Results of Operations
19 Business Segments
25 Global Operations
27 Non-Interest Expenses
29 Income Taxes
29 Balance Sheet
31 Capital Adequacy and Funding
33 Capital Projects and Expenditures
34 Risk Management
37 Non-Investment Grade Holdings and Highly Leveraged Transactions
39 Litigation
39 Critical Accounting Policies
40 Recent Developments
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. ("ML & Co." and, together with its subsidiaries and
affiliates, "Merrill Lynch") is a holding company that, through its subsidiaries
and affiliates, provides investment, financing, advisory, insurance, banking,
and related products and services on a global basis. The financial services
industry, in which Merrill Lynch is a leading participant, is highly competitive
and highly regulated. This industry and the global financial markets are
influenced by numerous unpredictable factors. These factors include economic
conditions, monetary and fiscal policies, the liquidity of global markets,
international and regional political events, acts of war or terrorism, changes
in applicable laws and regulations, the competitive environment, and investor
sentiment. These conditions or events can significantly affect the volatility
and trading volumes of financial markets. Greater volatility increases risk but
also could lead to increased order flow and revenues in the trading and
brokerage businesses. Revenues and net earnings may vary significantly from
period to period due to these unpredictable factors and the resulting market
volatility and volumes.
The financial services industry continues to be affected by an intensifying
competitive environment, as demonstrated by consolidation through mergers and
acquisitions, competition from new and established competitors using the
Internet or other technology, and diminishing margins in many mature products
and services. The trend of consolidation of commercial and investment banks made
possible by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act has also increased the competition for
investment banking business through the use of lending activities in conjunction
with investment banking activities.
In addition to providing historical information, Merrill Lynch may make or
publish forward-looking statements about management expectations, strategic
objectives, business prospects, anticipated expense savings and financial
results, and other similar matters. A variety of factors, many of which are
beyond Merrill Lynch's control, affect its operations, performance, business
strategy, and results and could cause actual results and experience to differ
materially from the expectations and objectives expressed in these statements.
These factors include, but are not limited to, the factors listed in the
previous two paragraphs, as well as actions and initiatives of both current and
potential competitors, the effect of current, pending, and future legislation
and regulation both in the United States and throughout the world, and the other
risks and uncertainties detailed in Merrill Lynch's Form 10-K and in the
following sections.
MERRILL LYNCH UNDERTAKES NO RESPONSIBILITY TO UPDATE OR REVISE ANY
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
Global financial markets, particularly equity markets, had a difficult year in
2001 as a slowdown in economic activity, reduced corporate earnings, widespread
corporate downsizing, the devaluation of technology and telecommunications
companies, and the September 11th terrorist attacks caused equity markets to
fall and investors to shift to less volatile, fixed-income investments. The U.S.
Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts during the year did little to help the
slumping U.S. economy. The September 11th terrorist attacks negatively impacted
stock markets around the world, and forced a suspension of trading in U.S.
equity markets for an unprecedented four consecutive business days. A modest
rally occurred in global equity markets during the fourth quarter 2001, but was
not enough to put global indices in positive territory for the year.
Long-term U.S. interest rates, as measured by the yield on the 10-year U.S.
Treasury note, slipped slightly from 5.11% at year-end 2000 to 5.02% at the end
of 2001. Treasury bond prices rose sharply in 2001, as demand grew from
investors seeking an alternative to the stock market. The Federal Reserve Bank
cut interest rates 11 times during 2001, for a total of 475 basis points on the
federal funds
PAGE 17
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
rate and the discount rate, bringing these rates to 40-year lows of 1.75% and
1.25%, respectively. Credit spreads, which represent the risk premium over the
risk-free rate paid by an issuer (based on the issuer's perceived
creditworthiness), tightened significantly through September 11th, after which
credit spreads widened.
Despite the fourth quarter rally, U.S. equity indices declined for the
second consecutive year. The Nasdaq Composite Index fell 21.1% in 2001, after
declining 39.3% in the prior year, as telecommunications and technology stocks
continued to perform poorly. The Dow Jones Industrial Average and the S&P 500
dropped 7.1% and 13.0%, respectively, for the year.
Equity indices around the world dropped to their lowest levels in more than
three years amid a global recession. The Dow Jones World Index, excluding the
United States, sank 21.0% from the end of 2000, the worst one-year performance
since inception of the index. European stock markets were hit hard, as virtually
all industry sectors declined, leading to one of the worst annual performances
ever. In Japan, the Nikkei 225 index fell 23.5%, marking the seventh losing year
since 1990. Latin American markets also performed poorly, led by Argentina,
where interest rates surged and the stock market declined 29.1% amid concerns
about that country's solvency.
The volume of global debt underwriting rose 24.7% in 2001, as U.S.
companies attempted to lock in low interest rates amid the series of short-term
interest rate cuts made by the U.S. Federal Reserve. Global equity and
equity-linked underwriting volumes decreased 29.8% in 2001, despite an increase
in U.S. convertible debt issuances, which reached a record $103 billion, nearly
double the previous record set in 2000. The volume of U.S. Initial Public
Offerings ("IPOs") sank 37.7% in 2001, while global IPOs fell 57.4%.
After reaching record levels in 2000, global announced mergers and
acquisitions slid 49.6% in 2001, while U.S. announced mergers and acquisitions
fell 52.9%, as the global economic slowdown and the volatile U.S. stock markets
negatively affected merger and acquisition activity.
Merrill Lynch continually evaluates its businesses for profitability and
performance under varying market conditions and, in light of the evolving
conditions in its competitive environment, for alignment with its long-term
strategic objectives. The strategy of maintaining long-term client
relationships, closely monitoring costs and risks, diversifying revenue sources,
and growing fee-based revenues all continue as objectives to mitigate the
effects of a volatile market environment on Merrill Lynch's business as a whole.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
In the fourth quarter of 2001, Merrill Lynch recorded a pre-tax charge of $2.2
billion ($1.7 billion after-tax) related to the resizing of selected businesses
and other structural changes. This charge, which is recorded as Restructuring
and other charges on the Consolidated Statements of Earnings, was the result of
a detailed review of all businesses, with a focus on improving profit margins
and aligning capacity with growth initiatives. These actions are expected to
yield pre-tax annual expense savings of approximately $1.4 billion, a portion of
which will be reinvested in priority growth initiatives. The expense reductions
will result primarily from lower compensation and benefits, depreciation, and
occupancy expenses. For further information regarding the details of
restructuring and other charges see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements and the sections that follow.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Total revenues $ 38,757 $ 44,852 $ 35,332
Net revenues 21,880 26,766 22,313
Pre-tax operating earnings, before
September 11th-related expenses
and restructuring and other charges in 2001 3,701 5,717 4,206
After-tax operating earnings,
before September 11th-related expenses
and restructuring and other charges in 2001 2,381 3,784 2,693
Net earnings 573 3,784 2,693
Operating earnings per common
share, before September 11th-related
expenses and restructuring
and other charges in 2001:
Basic 2.79 4.69 3.52
Diluted 2.50 4.11 3.11
Earnings per common share:
Basic 0.64 4.69 3.52
Diluted 0.57 4.11 3.11
Return on average common
stockholders' equity--
operating basis(1) 11.7% 24.2% 23.8%
Operating pre-tax profit margin(1) 16.9% 21.4% 18.8%
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) Before September 11th-related expenses ($131 million pre-tax and $83
million after-tax) and restructuring and other charges ($2,193 million
pre-tax and $1,725 million after-tax) in 2001.
Merrill Lynch reported net earnings of $573 million in 2001, or $0.57 per
diluted share, including after-tax restructuring and other charges of $1.7
billion ($2.2 billion pre-tax) and $83 million of after-tax September
11th-related expenses ($131 million pre-tax). Excluding these items, net
operating earnings were $2.4 billion, or $2.50 per diluted share in 2001, down
from $3.8 billion, or $4.11 per diluted share in 2000. Operating earnings, which
exclude September 11th-related expenses and restructuring and other charges,
should not be considered an alternative to net earnings (as determined in
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States),
but rather as a measure considered relevant by management in comparing current
year results with prior year results. These
PAGE 18
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
results represent a 37% decrease in operating earnings and an 18% decrease in
net revenues from 2000.
Operating return on average common stockholders' equity was 11.7% and the
operating pre-tax profit margin was 16.9%. In 2000, the return on average common
stockholders' equity was 24.2% and the pre-tax profit margin was 21.4%. Net
earnings in 1999 were $2.7 billion, or $3.11 per diluted share. Return on
average common stockholders' equity for 1999 was 23.8% and the pre-tax profit
margin was 18.8%.
The following chart illustrates the composition of net revenues by category
in 2001.
[PIE CHART]
2001 NET REVENUES BY CATEGORY
Commissions 24%
Principal transactions 18%
Investment banking 16%
Asset management and portfolio service fees 25%
Net interest profit 15%
Other 2%
The following discussion provides details of the operating performance for
each Merrill Lynch business segment, as well as details of products and services
offered. The discussion also includes details of net revenues by segment.
Certain prior year amounts have been restated to conform with the current year
presentation. For further segment information, see Note 3 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
BUSINESS SEGMENTS
Merrill Lynch reports its results in three business segments: Global Markets and
Investment Banking ("GMI") (previously known as the Corporate and Institutional
Client Group ("CICG")), the Private Client Group ("Private Client"), and Merrill
Lynch Investment Managers ("MLIM"). GMI provides investment banking and capital
markets services to corporate, institutional, and governmental clients around
the world. Private Client provides global wealth management services and
products to individuals, small- to mid-size businesses, and employee benefit
plans. MLIM provides investment management services to retail and institutional
clients.
[PIE CHART]
2001 NET REVENUES BY SEGMENT
GMI 45%
Private Client 46%
MLIM 9%
Certain MLIM and GMI products are distributed through Private Client
distribution channels, and to a lesser extent, certain MLIM products are
distributed through GMI. Revenues and expenses associated with these
intersegment activities are recognized in each segment and eliminated at the
corporate level. In addition, revenue and expense sharing agreements for shared
activities between segments are in place and the results of each segment reflect
the agreed-upon portion of these activities. The following segment results
represent the information that is relied upon by management in its
decision-making processes. These results exclude items reported in the Corporate
segment, including September 11th-related expenses. Restatements occur to
reflect reallocations of revenues and expenses which result from changes in
Merrill Lynch's business strategy and structure (see Note 3 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements for further information).
GLOBAL MARKETS AND INVESTMENT BANKING
GMI provides investment banking and strategic merger and acquisition advisory
services, as well as equity and debt trading and capital markets services to its
clients around the world. GMI raises capital for its clients through securities
underwriting, private placements, and loan syndications. GMI trades securities,
currencies, over-the-counter derivatives and other financial instruments to
satisfy customer demand for these instruments, and for proprietary positioning.
Merrill Lynch has one of the largest equity trading and underwriting operations
of any firm in the world. Through its expertise in fixed-income trading, GMI is
also a leader in the global distribution of debt market products. GMI's
client-focused strategy provides investors with opportunities to diversify their
portfolios, manage risk, and enhance returns by tailoring investments and
structuring derivatives to meet their customized needs. In addition, through
Merrill Lynch Securities Services Division ("SSD"), GMI provides clients with
financing, securities clearing, settlement, and custody services.
GMI faced a challenging market environment in 2001. Equity origination and
trading activity declined and global completed merger and acquisition volumes
decreased throughout the year. Offsetting these factors was a strong debt
market, as 11 interest rate cuts by the U.S. Federal Reserve were a catalyst for
significant origination and trading activity for most of the year.
In early 2001, Merrill Lynch sold essentially all of its energy trading
assets, effectively exiting the business. In 2000, the merger with Herzog,
Heine, Geduld, Inc. ("Herzog"), a leading Nasdaq market-maker, was completed.
During 2001, as part of Merrill Lynch's overall business review process,
GMI completed in-depth reviews of its businesses with the goal of improving
overall efficiency and operating flexibility. As a result of these reviews, GMI
streamlined its management and reorganized the investment banking division by
reducing the number of global industry teams, realigning sector coverage, and
broadening responsibilities. In addition, GMI consolidated trading operations
outside the United States to enhance client service and realize efficiencies.
The completion of these reviews led to a fourth quarter pre-tax charge of $833
million, primarily related to severance.
PAGE 19
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
GMI'S RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(dollars in millions)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
Commissions $ 2,128 $ 2,415 $ 2,037
Principal transactions
and net interest profit 4,137 6,003 4,194
Investment banking 3,126 3,449 3,060
Other revenues 598 813 527
------- ------- -------
Total net revenues $ 9,989 $12,680 $ 9,818
======= ======= =======
Pre-tax operating
earnings(1) $ 2,479 $ 3,963 $ 2,653
Pre-tax earnings $ 1,646 $ 3,963 $ 2,653
Pre-tax operating profit 24.8% 31.3% 27.0%
margin(1)
Total full-time employees 12,600 15,300 14,000
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Before $833 million of pre-tax restructuring and other charges in 2001.
In 2001, GMI's pre-tax operating earnings were $2.5 billion, 37% lower than
in 2000, with a pre-tax operating profit margin of 24.8%. GMI's net revenues in
2001 declined 21% from 2000 to $10.0 billion due principally to reduced equity
and equity-linked trading and origination. Additionally, lower strategic
advisory revenues and increased write-downs of credit and private equity
positions contributed to the decline. These declines were partially offset by
increased debt trading and origination revenues in 2001. Included in GMI's
results are net revenues related to investments, including dividend income and
realized and unrealized gains and losses. Investment-related net revenues were
$291 million in 2001, $611 million in 2000 and $206 million in 1999. In 2000,
pre-tax earnings and net revenues rose 49% and 29%, respectively, from 1999, due
primarily to strong performance in equity and equity-linked trading and
origination, and record strategic advisory fees.
The September 11th terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center had a
negative impact on GMI's 2001 results, as the temporary closure of markets, loss
of communication with key clients, and business disruption caused by the
relocation of approximately 9,000 Merrill Lynch employees led to lower than
normal market shares and reduced business activity in the period immediately
following the attacks. For further information regarding September 11th, see
Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
A detailed discussion of GMI's revenues follows:
CLIENT FACILITATION AND TRADING
COMMISSIONS
Commissions revenues primarily arise from agency transactions in listed and
over-the-counter equity securities and commodities, money market instruments,
and options. In addition, in late 2001 Merrill Lynch instituted a program for
providing enhanced brokerage services to certain of its customers with large
size Nasdaq orders in exchange for an agreed upon commission in lieu of the
traditional spread.
Commissions revenues decreased 12% in 2001 to $2.1 billion, due primarily
to a global decline in client transaction volumes. In 2000, commissions revenues
rose 19% from 1999 to $2.4 billion, due primarily to increased volumes of listed
and over-the-counter securities transactions.
PRINCIPAL TRANSACTIONS AND NET INTEREST PROFIT
(dollars in millions)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Equities and equity derivatives $1,929 $3,870 $2,366
Debt and debt derivatives 2,208 2,133 1,828
------ ------ ------
Total $4,137 $6,003 $4,194
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Principal transactions and net interest profit includes realized gains and
losses from the purchase and sale of securities in which Merrill Lynch acts as
principal and unrealized gains and losses on trading assets and liabilities. In
addition, principal transactions and net interest profit includes unrealized
gains of $213 million and $212 million in 2001 and 2000, respectively, related
to equity investments held by Merrill Lynch's broker-dealers. Changes in the
composition of trading inventories and hedge positions can cause the recognition
of principal transactions and net interest profit to fluctuate.
Net interest profit is a function of the level and mix of total assets and
liabilities, including financial instruments owned, repurchase and reverse
repurchase agreements, trading strategies associated with GMI's institutional
securities business, and the prevailing level, term structure, and volatility of
interest rates. Net interest profit is an integral component of trading
activity. In assessing the profitability of its client facilitation and trading
activities, Merrill Lynch views net interest profit and principal transactions
in the aggregate.
Net trading revenues, which include principal transactions and net interest
profit, were $4.1 billion in 2001, down 31% from 2000. Equities and equity
derivatives net trading revenues decreased 50% from 2000 to $1.9 billion, due to
reduced global transaction volumes and lower volatility through much of the
year. Debt and debt derivatives net trading revenues were $2.2 billion, up 4%
from 2000, as improvements in interest rate trading results were partially
offset by provisions and write-downs of credit positions of approximately $470
million. Included in debt and debt derivatives trading revenues in 2001 and 2000
are net revenues from the energy-trading business of $53 million and $38
million, respectively. The 2001 energy-trading net revenues include a first
quarter gain on the sale of essentially all of the assets of this business.
In 2000, net trading revenues were up $1.8 billion from 1999. Equities and
equity derivatives net trading revenues advanced 64% from 1999 to $3.9 billion
due to significantly higher revenues from both U.S. and non-U.S. equities, as
well as portfolio trading. Debt and debt derivatives net trading revenues were
$2.1 billion, up 17% from 1999 due to increased global derivative trading,
partially offset by lower trading revenue in investment-grade and emerging
market debt. Net revenues from the energy-trading business were $36 million in
1999.
PAGE 20
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
INVESTMENT BANKING
(dollars in millions)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Debt underwriting $ 690 $ 441 $ 508
Equity underwriting 1,336 1,630 1,257
------ ------ ------
Total underwriting 2,026 2,071 1,765
Strategic advisory services 1,100 1,378 1,295
------ ------ ------
Total $3,126 $3,449 $3,060
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
UNDERWRITING
Underwriting revenues represent fees earned from the underwriting of debt and
equity and equity-linked securities as well as loan syndication and commitment
fees.
Total underwriting revenues were $2.0 billion in 2001, essentially
unchanged from 2000, as a 56% increase in debt underwriting revenues was more
than offset by an 18% decline in equity and equity-linked underwriting revenues.
In global equity and equity-linked underwriting, Merrill Lynch ranked first for
the year with an increased market share of 14.4%. Merrill Lynch's debt
underwriting focus shifted during the year towards higher margin businesses and
away from the achievement of aggregate market share goals.
Merrill Lynch's underwriting market share information based on transaction
value is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
-------------- -------------- --------------
MARKET MARKET MARKET
SHARE RANK SHARE RANK SHARE RANK
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
GLOBAL PROCEEDS
Equity and
equity-linked 14.4% 1 10.4% 2 8.7% 4
Debt 10.2 2 11.6 1 12.8 1
Debt and equity 10.6 2 11.5 1 12.4 1
U.S. PROCEEDS
Equity and
equity-linked 17.4% 2 12.1% 4 10.6% 4
Debt 11.5 2 13.7 1 15.7 1
Debt and equity 12.2 2 14.2 1 15.8 1
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
Source: Thomson Financial Securities Data statistics based on full credit to
book manager.
STRATEGIC ADVISORY SERVICES
Strategic advisory services revenues, which include merger and acquisition and
other advisory fees, decreased 20% in 2001 to $1.1 billion, due to a reduced
volume of completed merger and acquisition transactions. Merrill Lynch ranked
second in global announced mergers and acquisitions, increasing market share to
27.4%. Merrill Lynch advised on 10 of the largest 25 global transactions
announced in 2001.
Merrill Lynch's merger and acquisition market share information based on
transaction values is as follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------------- --------------- ---------------
MARKET MARKET MARKET
SHARE RANK SHARE RANK SHARE RANK
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANNOUNCED
TRANSACTIONS
Global 27.4% 2 21.4% 4 34.5% 2
U.S. 35.3 2 26.8 4 30.0 3
COMPLETED
TRANSACTIONS
Global 27.4% 3 31.5% 3 21.7% 4
U.S. 33.2 3 29.2 3 22.2 4
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: Thomson Financial Securities Data statistics based on full credit to
both target and acquiring companies' advisors.
OTHER REVENUES
Other revenues, which include realized investment gains and losses and
partnership distributions, decreased 26% to $598 million in 2001. In 2001, other
revenues also included a pre-tax gain related to the sale of the Canadian
securities clearing business as well as write-downs of private equity
investments. The decrease from 2000 is primarily due to lower gains on
investments. Other revenues were up 54% in 2000 as compared with 1999 as a
result of higher investment gains recorded in 2000.
PRIVATE CLIENT GROUP
Private Client provides wealth management services to assist clients around the
world in building financial assets, and maximizing returns relative to risk
tolerance and investment objectives. Private Client offers a choice of
traditional commission-based investment accounts, a variety of asset-priced
investment services, and self-directed online accounts, many of which include
access to Merrill Lynch's award-winning research. Assets in Private Client
accounts totaled $1.3 trillion at December 28, 2001.
Private Client offers a wide range of products and services, including
retail brokerage, asset and liability management, retail and private banking,
trust and generational planning services, and insurance products. Private
Client's private banking services help high-net-worth individuals meet their
financial objectives with investing and borrowing strategies, investment
management, trust and personal holding company services, and currency
management. Private Client serves individual investors, corporations, and
institutions through various distribution networks, including nearly 16,400
Financial Advisors in approximately 750 Private Client offices around the world
at year-end 2001.
Financial Advisors and other investment professionals work to address
clients' financial concerns by matching Merrill Lynch and third-party product
offerings with clients' customized needs. These products include:
.The Cash Management Account ("CMA(R)") for individuals, and Working Capital
Management Account ("WCMA(R)") for small and mid-sized businesses, which
encompass securities transactions, money sweeps, electronic funds-transfer
capabilities, debit card access, and many other financial management features.
PAGE 21
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
.A global array of mutual fund products covering a wide cross section of
industries and regions of the world.
.Various brokerage and investment advisory services, including Merrill Lynch
Consults,(R) Unlimited Advantage,/SM/ and Merrill Lynch Mutual Fund
Advisor./SM/
.Other services provided include mortgages and other consumer loans, margin
lending, commercial financing, insurance products, and advisory and
administrative activities for defined contribution, defined benefit, and other
stock plans.
During 2001, Private Client conducted a detailed business review to
reallocate and focus the use of resources in its businesses. In the United
States, this process began in 2000 and resulted in the completion of several
actions in 2001, including: a long-term outsourcing arrangement for certain
mortgage origination and servicing operations of Merrill Lynch Credit
Corporation; outsourcing the administrative services for smaller U.S. 401(k)
plans; and the sale of the health and welfare division of Merrill Lynch's Howard
Johnson and Company. In addition, in 2001, Private Client consolidated certain
offices and announced the closing of one of three operation centers in the
United States. Outside the United States, Private Client is focusing on serving
high-net-worth and ultra-high-net-worth clients, Merrill Lynch's traditional
strength. This resulted in several strategic actions in 2001, including: the
sale of the Canadian Private Client business; the consolidation of branch
offices in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia Pacific; and the announced
refocusing of the Private Client business in Japan. These strategic changes were
made with the goal of retaining and growing the elements of the business where
Merrill Lynch can make the best returns on its investments.
To be more responsive to client needs and enhance the quality of our
clients' experience, Merrill Lynch adopted a multi-channel service model in the
United States, more closely aligning Financial Advisors with clients based on
levels of investable assets. For example, ultra-high-net-worth clients will be
aligned with Private Wealth Advisors ("PWAs"). PWAs are Financial Advisors who
have completed a rigorous accreditation program built around skill requirements
including trust, tax minimization, restricted stock, and executive stock
options, and focus on clients with more than $10 million of investable assets.
For clients with less than $100,000 of investable assets, Merrill Lynch
developed the Financial Advisory Center ("FAC") to more effectively serve these
clients. All FAC customers receive a team-based advisory relationship, with
24-hour-a-day, seven-day-a-week access by phone or online.
Beginning in mid-2000 Merrill Lynch modified the cash sweep options for
certain CMA(R) and other types of Merrill Lynch accounts to generally sweep
cash into interest-bearing bank deposits at Merrill Lynch's U.S. banks, rather
than MLIM-managed money market mutual funds. U.S. bank deposits, included in
Deposits on the Consolidated Balance Sheets grew to $73.6 billion at year-end
2001 from $54.9 billion at the end of 2000 primarily as a result of individual
investors increasing the cash component of their holdings. These deposits were
invested primarily in high-quality marketable investment securities. Interest
rates on the deposits are set at competitive levels based on prevailing interest
rate levels, and are tiered based on the scope of clients' relationships with
Merrill Lynch.
In April 2000, Merrill Lynch formed a 50/50 joint venture with HSBC
Holdings plc ("HSBC") to create a global online investment and banking services
company, serving individual self-directed customers outside the United States
("MLHSBC"). The venture launched online integrated investment and banking
services, including research, in Canada and Australia during 2000, and in the
United Kingdom in 2001. As the decline in worldwide equity markets has reduced
the demand for online trading, MLHSBC has not achieved the growth that was
forecast when the venture was formed and has not yet achieved profitability.
PRIVATE CLIENT'S RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(dollars in millions)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commissions $ 2,981 $ 4,394 $ 4,118
Principal transactions and
new issue revenues 1,546 2,000 2,023
Asset management and
portfolio service fees 3,608 3,760 3,055
Net interest profit 1,880 1,632 1,171
Other revenues 121 175 212
------- ------- -------
Total net revenues $10,136 $11,961 $10,579
======= ======= =======
Pre-tax operating earnings(1) $ 1,239 $ 1,561 $ 1,424
Pre-tax earnings $ 162 $ 1,561 $ 1,424
Pre-tax operating
profit margin(1) 12.2% 13.1% 13.5%
Total full-time employees 36,900 46,800 44,900
Total Financial Advisors 16,400 20,200 18,600
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Before $1,077 million of pre-tax restructuring and other charges in 2001.
Private Client's 2001 pre-tax operating earnings were $1.2 billion, a
decrease of 21% from 2000. Net revenues were $10.1 billion, down 15% from 2000.
The overall decline in net revenues and pre-tax operating earnings resulted from
lower transaction volumes and reduced demand for mutual fund and equity
products, partially offset by an increase in net interest profit. In addition,
as a result of the completion of a detailed business review, Private Client
recorded $1.1 billion of pre-tax restructuring and other charges in the fourth
quarter of 2001, primarily related to severance and the write-down of real
estate and technology assets. These charges include costs associated with a
decision to focus the non-U.S. business more exclusively on high-net-worth
individuals and institutional middle markets clients. In addition to the amounts
included in the fourth quarter restructuring charge, Private Client's pre-tax
operating earnings reflect severance expenses in both 2001 and 2000. In 2000,
pre-tax earnings increased 10% and net revenues rose 13% from 1999. The 2001
pre-tax operating profit margin was 12.2%, compared with 13.1% in 2000 and 13.5%
in 1999. The 2001 results reflect a solid performance
PAGE 22
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
in the United States and a weaker performance outside the United States. Pre-tax
operating earnings in the United States for 2001 were 9% lower than 2000 levels,
and a pre-tax operating loss was recorded outside the United States in 2001.
COMMISSIONS
Commissions revenues primarily arise from agency transactions in listed and
over-the-counter equity securities, as well as sales of mutual funds, insurance
products, and options.
Commissions revenues decreased 32% to $3.0 billion in 2001, as a result of
a global decline in client transaction volume, particularly in mutual fund and
equity products. In addition, over the past two years, commissions revenues have
decreased as clients have opened asset-priced accounts, paying fees in place of
commissions. Commissions revenues increased 7% in 2000 compared with 1999
primarily as a result of increased mutual fund commissions.
PRINCIPAL TRANSACTIONS AND NEW ISSUE REVENUES
Private Client's principal transactions and new issue revenues primarily
represent bid-offer revenues in over-the-counter equity securities, government
bonds, and municipal securities as well as selling concessions on underwritings
of debt and equity products. Private Client does not take any significant
principal trading risk positions.
Principal transactions and new issue revenues decreased 23% to $1.5 billion
in 2001 due to a reduction in both debt and equity sales volume to retail
customers in a less favorable market environment compared with 2000. Principal
transactions and new issue revenues were essentially unchanged in 2000 from
1999.
ASSET MANAGEMENT AND PORTFOLIO SERVICE FEES
Asset management and portfolio service fees include asset management fees from
taxable and tax-exempt money market funds as well as portfolio fees from
fee-based accounts such as Unlimited Advantage/SM/ and Merrill Lynch
Consults,(R) servicing fees related to such accounts, as well as account and
other fees.
Asset management and portfolio service fees were $3.6 billion in 2001, 4%
lower than in 2000. This decrease primarily reflects a market-driven decline in
asset values in asset-priced accounts. In 2000 these fees were $3.8 billion, up
from $3.1 billion in 1999 primarily due to a rise in portfolio service fees as
assets shifted to asset-priced accounts such as Unlimited Advantage/SM/ and
Merrill Lynch Consults.(R)
The value of assets in Private Client accounts at year-end 2001, 2000, and
1999 is summarized as follows:
(dollars in billions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets in Private Client accounts
U.S. $1,185 $1,337 $1,338
Non-U.S. 101 140 137
------ ------ ------
Total $1,286 $1,477 $1,475
====== ====== ======
Assets in asset-priced accounts $ 205 $ 209 $ 168
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Analysis of changes in assets in Private Client accounts from year-end 2000
to year-end 2001 are detailed below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in billions)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET CHANGES DUE TO
------------------------------------
YEAR-END NEW ASSET YEAR-END
2000 MONEY DEPRECIATION OTHER 2001
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets in Private
Client accounts:
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. $1,337 $ 49 $ (198) $ (3) $1,185
Non-U.S. 140 13 (20) (32) 101
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Total $1,477 $ 62 $ (218) $ (35) $1,286
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
[BAR CHART]
PRIVATE CLIENT ASSETS
(in billions of dollars)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. $1,185 $1,337 $1,338 $1,164 $979
Non-U.S. 101 140 137 98 84
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Total $1,286 $1,477 $1,475 $1,262 $1,063
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total assets in Private Client accounts in the United States declined 11%
to $1.2 trillion at the end of 2001, with net new money inflows of $49 billion
during the year. Outside the United States, client assets were $101 billion at
the end of 2001, down 28% from year-end 2000, due largely to the sale of the
Canadian Private Client business, with net new money inflows of $13 billion in
2001. Total assets in asset-priced accounts were $205 billion at the end of
2001, a decrease of 2% from the end of 2000. The decline in asset levels in 2001
is due primarily to market depreciation.
NET INTEREST PROFIT
Interest revenue for Private Client is derived primarily from interest earned on
the investment portfolio, principally related to Merrill Lynch's U.S. banks, as
well as interest earned on margin and other loans. Interest expense mainly
consists of interest paid on bank deposits and other borrowings.
Net interest profit was $1.9 billion, up 15% from $1.6 billion in 2000 and
$1.2 billion in 1999. The increase in net interest profit in 2001 and 2000
resulted from growth in deposits and the related investment portfolio at Merrill
Lynch's U.S. banks and, in 2001, an increase in investment portfolio spreads,
particularly following the rate cuts by the Federal Reserve.
OTHER REVENUES
Other revenues decreased 31% in 2001, from $175 million to $121 million.
Included in Private Client's other revenues are realized and unrealized gains
and losses associated with investments. Investment-related net revenues were a
loss of $52 million in 2001 and a gain of $18 million in 2000.
Investment-related net revenues in
PAGE 23
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
2001 include a pre-tax gain on the sale of the Canadian Private Client business
which was more than offset by losses on various e-commerce investments.
MERRILL LYNCH INVESTMENT MANAGERS
MLIM is among the world's largest asset managers with $529 billion of assets
under management at the end of 2001. MLIM offers a wide array of taxable
fixed-income, tax-exempt fixed-income, equity and balanced open-ended mutual
funds, private accounts, and alternative investments to a diverse global
clientele of institutions, including pension plans and corporations,
high-net-worth individuals, mutual funds, and other investment vehicles. In the
United States, MLIM-branded mutual fund products are available through the
Private Client distribution channel, and through GMI and third-party
distribution networks. Outside the United States, MLIM-branded mutual fund
products are available through Private Client and GMI distribution networks as
well as through other financial intermediaries. MLIM also maintains a
significant sales and marketing presence in both the United States and overseas
that is focused on acquiring and maintaining institutional investment management
relationships. MLIM markets its services both directly to these investors and
through pension consultants.
During 2001, MLIM reviewed all of its business activities to further
enhance future profit potential and target selected growth opportunities. As a
result of these in-depth reviews, MLIM consolidated the management of its Japan,
Asia Pacific and European activities into a single management structure, reduced
its staff by nearly 25%, and significantly reduced its global real estate
footprint by selling, closing or downsizing offices in Los Angeles, Korea, and
Singapore and consolidating its New York metropolitan area-based operations.
MLIM also undertook strategic outsourcing opportunities, consolidated real
estate in Tokyo and London, reduced technology spending, and exited its Defined
Asset Funds business. In addition, in January 2002, MLIM sold its Canadian
retail investment management operations.
MLIM'S RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commissions $ 295 $ 392 $ 394
Asset management fees 1,722 1,913 1,684
Other revenues 76 148 169
------ ------ ------
Total net revenues $2,093 $2,453 $2,247
====== ====== ======
Pre-tax operating earnings(1) $ 307 $ 501 $ 483
Pre-tax earnings $ 24 $ 501 $ 483
Pre-tax operating profit margin(1) 14.7% 20.4% 21.5%
Total full-time employees 3,200 4,200 3,800
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Before $283 million of pre-tax restructuring and other charges in 2001.
Pre-tax operating earnings for MLIM were $307 million in 2001, down 39%
from $501 million in 2000. Net revenues decreased 15% from 2000 to $2.1 billion,
and the pre-tax operating profit margin in 2001 was 14.7%, compared with 20.4%
in 2000, and 21.5% in 1999. The reduction in pre-tax operating earnings was
primarily the result of a market-driven decline in assets under management
combined with an increase in costs related to litigation. In addition, as a
result of the completion of the previously mentioned detailed business review,
MLIM recorded $283 million of pre-tax restructuring and other charges in the
fourth quarter of 2001, primarily related to severance and costs associated with
the closing of certain mutual funds, including investment write-downs of $32
million principally related to mutual fund seed capital.
COMMISSIONS
Commissions for MLIM principally consist of distribution and redemption fees
related to mutual funds. The distribution fees represent revenues for promoting
and distributing mutual funds ("12b-1 fees"). As a result of lower transaction
volumes, commissions decreased 25% to $295 million in 2001. Commissions were
relatively unchanged in 2000 as compared with 1999.
ASSET MANAGEMENT FEES
Asset management fees primarily consist of fees earned from the management and
administration of funds as well as performance fees earned by MLIM. Asset
management fees declined 10% to $1.7 billion from a record $1.9 billion in 2000.
These fees were $1.7 billion in 1999. The reduction in 2001 is due to a
market-driven decline in assets under management as well as a shift from equity
funds to lower-fee fixed-income products. The increase in 2000 was primarily the
result of higher management and performance fees.
MLIM's assets under management for each of the last three years were
comprised of the following:
(dollars in billions)
- ------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- ------------------------------------------------------------
Assets Under Management
Retail(1) $220 $250 $300
Institutional 266 262 255
Private investors(2) 43 45 39
---- ---- ----
Total $529 $557 $594
- ------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Net of outflows of $10 billion and $36 billion of money market funds, which
transferred to bank deposits at Merrill Lynch's U.S. banks in 2001 and
2000, respectively.
(2) Represents segregated portfolios for individuals, small corporations, and
institutions.
[BAR CHART]
ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT BY TYPE
(in billions of dollars)
-----------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
-----------------------------------------------------------
Equity $229 $274 $296 $266 $245
Fixed income 110 113 108 104 95
Money market 147 125 151 139 115
Private investors 43 45 39 35 32
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Total $529 $557 $594 $544 $487
-----------------------------------------------------------
PAGE 24
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
At year-end 2001, assets under management totaled $529 billion, a 5%
decline from 2000. This decline is primarily market-driven, partially offset by
$19 billion of global net inflows.
An analysis of changes in assets under management from year-end 2000 to
year-end 2001 is as follows:
(dollars in billions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET CHANGES DUE TO
---------------------------------
YEAR-END NEW ASSET YEAR-END
2000 MONEY DEPRECIATION OTHER(1) 2001
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets under
management $557 $ 19 $(41) $(6) $529
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Includes reinvested dividends of $7 billion, net outflows of $10 billion of
retail money market funds which transferred to bank deposits at Merrill
Lynch's U.S. banks, and other changes, primarily related to foreign
exchange rate movements.
[PIE CHART]
2001 ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT
CLIENT TYPE
Institutional 50%
Retail 42%
Private Investors 8%
CLIENT LOCATION
Americas 65%
Europe 27%
Other Non-U.S. 8%
OTHER REVENUES
Other revenues, which primarily include net interest profit and investment
gains, fell 49% to $76 million in 2001. The decrease was due to losses on
investments. Other revenues in 2000 were $148 million, 12% lower than 1999
levels. In 1999, other revenues included a pre-tax gain of $89 million on the
sale of an investment.
GLOBAL OPERATIONS
Merrill Lynch's operations outside the United States are organized into five
geographic regions:
.Europe, Middle East, and Africa
.Japan
.Asia Pacific
.Canada, and
.Latin America
The following chart illustrates the regional operating results excluding
all items included in the corporate segment. For further geographic information
see Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
[PIE CHART]
2001 NET REVENUES BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION
U.S. 69%
Europe 16%
Japan 5%
Other Non-U.S. 10%
EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST, AND AFRICA
(dollars in millions)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net revenues $3,640 $4,876 $3,976
Pre-tax operating earnings(1) 335 1,315 1,132
Pre-tax earnings 42 1,315 1,132
Total full-time employees 7,200 8,800 7,600
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Before $293 million of pre-tax restructuring and other charges in 2001.
Merrill Lynch operates in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa as a dealer
in a wide array of equity and debt products, and also provides asset management,
investment banking, private banking, and research services. Merrill Lynch
believes this region is poised for accelerated growth due to changes in
demographics, the growth in equity markets, and the development of the Euroland
economy. In line with its strategy of becoming a global leader with a strong
local presence in key markets, Merrill Lynch has offices in 18 countries in the
region. Merrill Lynch has preeminent asset management capabilities in this
region, operating under the Merrill Lynch Investment Managers brand.
As a result of a detailed business review in the fourth quarter of 2001,
Private Client consolidated offices in Europe and the Middle East, MLIM
consolidated its Japan, Asia Pacific and European activities into a single
management structure and GMI streamlined its management and reorganized its
investment banking division. These actions resulted in a fourth quarter pre-tax
charge of $293 million in the region, primarily related to severance.
In May 2001, following the launch in the United Kingdom of a free research
service by MLHSBC in 2000, a full transactional service for self-directed
investors was launched.
Merrill Lynch demonstrated leadership in investment banking in the region
in 2001, ranking first in equity origination, according to IFR magazine, with a
market share of 16.6% and third in announced mergers and acquisitions, up from
fifth in 2000, according to Thomson Financial Securities Data. In addition, in
the Reuters/Tempest Survey of U.K. Larger Companies, Merrill Lynch was ranked
top broker for research by corporations and managers and best firm for equity
derivatives for the third consecutive year. Merrill Lynch ranked second in the
Institutional Investor 2001 All-Europe Research Team Survey.
In 2001, net revenues for the region decreased 25% from 2000. Pre-tax
operating earnings decreased 75% from 2000 to $335 million due primarily to
decreased equity trading and origination revenues. In 2000, net revenues and
pre-tax earnings for the region were up 23% and 16%, respectively, from 1999,
primarily due to strong equity trading and advisory revenues.
PAGE 25
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
JAPAN
(dollars in millions)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net revenues $ 1,023 $ 1,511 $ 1,193
Pre-tax operating earnings (loss)(1) (7) 243 (33)
Pre-tax earnings (loss) (387) 243 (33)
Total full-time employees 2,900 3,500 3,200
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Before $380 million of pre-tax restructuring and other charges in 2001.
In Japan, Merrill Lynch provides an integrated range of GMI, Private
Client, and MLIM products and services to individual, corporate and
institutional clients. In March 2001, Merrill Lynch completed the consolidation
of GMI and Private Client businesses into the single Japan-incorporated entity,
Merrill Lynch Japan Securities Co., Ltd. ("MLJS"). GMI and Private Client
successfully distributed several debt and equity public offerings through MLJS
in 2001.
GMI maintained its strong presence in Japan in 2001. Despite the further
deterioration of the Japanese economy, the debt business achieved record
earnings and completed the consolidation of various management and support
units, resulting in a more cost-effective structure. Investment banking also
demonstrated its strong international network and ability to provide innovative
services in underwriting.
Private Client is sharpening its focus on small- to medium-sized business
clients and high-net-worth individual investors. To accomplish this, Private
Client will close a number of branch offices in 2002, but maintain several
smaller locations across Japan, including complexes in Tokyo and Osaka, and a
Financial Service Center in Tokyo to serve the non-Financial Advisor-assisted
client base. These actions resulted in a fourth quarter 2001 pre-tax charge of
$380 million and will result in additional wind-down expenses of $80-$100
million in 2002. While representing less than 20% of total accounts, the middle
markets and high-net-worth client base has accounted for the majority of Merrill
Lynch's Private Client assets in Japan since inception in 1998.
MLIM is one of the leading institutional money managers in Japan and,
despite the challenging economic conditions in 2001, MLIM attracted $1.5 billion
in net new money for institutional clients.
Net revenues in the Japan region in 2001 were down 32% from 2000 to $1.0
billion, reflecting weak market conditions, except in the GMI debt business. The
corresponding decrease in pre-tax operating earnings was partially alleviated by
the reduction in expenses as a result of strict cost management in 2001. In
2000, net revenues and pre-tax earnings were up $318 million and $276 million,
respectively, from 1999, reflecting increased debt and equity trading revenues
and higher asset management fees.
ASIA PACIFIC
(dollars in millions)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net revenues $ 874 $ 1,247 $ 1,018
Pre-tax operating earnings(1) 49 269 183
Pre-tax earnings (loss) (40) 269 183
Total full-time employees 2,200 2,700 2,500
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Before $89 million of pre-tax restructuring and other charges in 2001.
Merrill Lynch serves a broad retail and institutional client base
throughout the Asia Pacific region, and offers a full range of GMI, Private
Client, and MLIM products. Merrill Lynch has an established trading presence and
exchange memberships in major financial markets in the region. The Private
Client business operates 13 offices, including four in the Western United
States, offering investment services and wealth management products to its
clients. MLHSBC began providing online financial services to self-directed
investors in Australia in 2001. MLIM operates 10 offices offering a diverse mix
of investment management products and services to institutional and retail
clients.
As part of Merrill Lynch's detailed business review in 2001, Private Client
restructured its operations in Australia by moving the focus to high-net-worth
investors and consolidating offices. MLIM restructured its operations by
consolidating the investment management activities for the region into its
London location, and GMI sold its equity brokerage operation in the Philippines
to a local management team. As a result of the completion of these detailed
business reviews, a pre-tax charge of $89 million was recorded in the fourth
quarter of 2001.
In 2001, IFR magazine named Merrill Lynch "Asian Equity and Equity-Linked
House of the Year," the Far Eastern Economic Review named Merrill Lynch "Most
Respected Investment Bank in Asia," and Institutional Investor magazine ranked
Merrill Lynch first in Asian Equity Research for the third consecutive year.
Merrill Lynch experienced a reduction in business volumes in the region
during 2001. Net revenues in the region declined 30% in 2001 to $874 million.
Pre-tax operating earnings declined 82% to $49 million. The decline was a direct
result of the deterioration in business volumes related to a slowdown in the
regional economy. In 2000, net revenues in the region were $1.2 billion, up from
$1.0 billion in 1999, due to strong revenues in the equity markets and record
Private Client revenues, as well as higher advisory fees. Pre-tax earnings
increased 47% in 2000 to $269 million, primarily as a result of strong equity
markets.
CANADA
(dollars in millions)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net revenues $ 877 $ 854 $ 652
Pre-tax operating earnings(1) 283 176 57
Pre-tax earnings 253 176 57
Total full-time employees 500 4,000 3,700
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Before $30 million of pre-tax restructuring and other charges in 2001.
PAGE 26
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
During 2001 Merrill Lynch operated a full-service Canadian securities
firm, providing an integrated range of GMI, Private Client and MLIM products and
services. However, as a result of the completion of a detailed business review
in the fourth quarter of 2001, Merrill Lynch sold its Private Client and
securities clearing businesses in Canada in December and, in January 2002, sold
its MLIM retail investment management business. The 2001 sales resulted in a
significant reduction in the number of full-time employees in the region. MLHSBC
began providing online services to self-directed Canadian investors in late
2000.
All GMI businesses performed well in 2001, with notable contributions from
debt markets and investment banking. The fixed income markets performed at
record highs, resulting in increased debt underwriting and trading revenues.
Euromoney magazine named Merrill Lynch "Best Foreign Bond House" in Canada.
Merrill Lynch has been the leading non-domestic Canadian Dollar debt underwriter
for the last three years, according to Bloomberg rankings. In 2001, Merrill
Lynch ranked first in announced mergers and acquisitions, having advised on 10
of the 24 largest transactions in Canada. Equity trading continued its
significant progress and the Brendan Woods International Survey ranked Merrill
Lynch third in the institutional equity commission business in Canada, with the
largest year-over-year market share gain in the country.
In 2001, net revenues in the region were essentially unchanged as increases
in GMI revenues and a gain on the sale of businesses were principally offset by
decreases in Private Client operating revenues. Pre-tax operating earnings
increased to $283 million in 2001, due to record earnings in investment banking
and a pre-tax gain of $158 million on the sale of the Private Client and
securities clearing businesses. Excluding the impact of the sales, the Private
Client and securities clearing businesses contributed $358 million and $7
million to net revenues and pre-tax earnings, respectively, in Canada in 2001.
In 2000, net revenues and pre-tax earnings in the region increased 31% and 209%,
respectively, compared with 1999. These increases were primarily the result of
improvements in equity origination and trading as well as improved profitability
in Private Client.
LATIN AMERICA
(dollars in millions)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net revenues $ 475 $ 731 $ 672
Pre-tax operating earnings(1) 32 175 127
Pre-tax earnings 18 175 127
Total full-time employees 1,000 1,200 1,200
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Before $ 14 million of pre-tax restructuring and other charges in 2001.
Merrill Lynch provides various brokerage and investment services, including
financial planning, investment banking, research, and asset management to Latin
American clients.
In July 2001, Merrill Lynch closed its broker-dealer in Argentina. The
economies of Latin America took a downward turn in 2001. Argentina suspended
payment on a portion of its $141 billion of debt, a prelude to the largest
sovereign default in history. The depreciation of Brazil's currency and an
energy crisis have also taken a toll on the Latin American economy.
In Institutional Investor's 2001 survey, Merrill Lynch's Latin American
Research team was ranked first, for the fifth year in a row.
Net revenues for the region in 2001 decreased 35% from 2000. Pre-tax
operating earnings were $32 million, a decrease of $143 million from 2000. A
major contributing factor to this decline was the volatility of the Latin
American economy. Despite the economic environment, Private Client's business in
Latin America has remained strong. Net revenues and pre-tax earnings in 2000
increased 9% and 38%, respectively, from 1999 due to higher commission revenues
and the gain on a sale of the Puerto Rico retail brokerage business in 2000.
NON-INTEREST EXPENSES
Merrill Lynch's non-interest expenses are summarized as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Compensation and benefits $11,269 $13,730 $11,337
------- ------- -------
Non-compensation expenses:
Communications and technology 2,232 2,320 2,053
Occupancy and related depreciation 1,077 1,006 953
Brokerage, clearing, and exchange fees 895 893 779
Advertising and market development 703 939 783
Professional fees 545 637 571
Office supplies and postage 349 404 346
Goodwill amortization 207 217 227
Other 902 903 1,058
------- ------- -------
Total non-compensation expenses, excluding
September 11th-related and restructuring and
other charges in 2001 6,910 7,319 6,770
September 11th-related 131 - -
Restructuring and other charges 2,193 - -
------- ------- -------
Total non-compensation expenses 9,234 7,319 6,770
------- ------- -------
Total non-interest expenses $20,503 $21,049 $18,107
======= ======= =======
Compensation and benefits as a
percentage of net revenues 51.5% 51.3% 50.8%
Non-compensation expenses, excluding
September 11th-related and
restructuring and other charges in 2001,
as a percentage of net revenues 31.6 27.3 30.3
Total full-time employees(1) 57,400 72,000 67,900
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) Excludes 3,200 full-time employees on salary continuation severance at
year-end 2001.
Non-interest expenses were $20.5 billion in 2001, compared with $21.0
billion in 2000. Excluding September 11th-related expenses and restructuring and
other charges, non-interest expenses were $18.2 billion in 2001. Compensation
and benefits were down 18% from 2000 due to a
PAGE 27
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
decrease in incentive and production-related compensation, resulting from a
decline in revenue and a lower number of employees. Compensation and benefits
expenses include severance expenses not included in the restructuring charge of
$281 million and $70 million in 2001 and 2000, respectively. Compensation and
benefits were 51.5% of net revenues for 2001, relatively unchanged from 2000.
Non-compensation expenses, excluding September 11th-related expenses and
restructuring and other charges, were 31.6% of net revenues in 2001, compared
with 27.3% in 2000 and 30.3% in 1999.
Communications and technology expense declined 4% in 2001 to $2.2 billion
due to reduced systems consulting costs. Occupancy and related depreciation
increased 7% in 2001, primarily due to a new London headquarters building.
Brokerage, clearing, and exchange fees were $895 million, essentially
unchanged from 2000. Advertising and market development expense was $703
million, down 25% from 2000 due to reduced spending on travel, advertising, and
recognition programs. Professional fees decreased 14% to $545 million as a
result of a reduction in spending on employment and non-technology consulting
services. Office supplies and postage expense decreased 14% to $349 million due
primarily to lower expenses for supplies. Other expenses were $902 million,
essentially unchanged from 2000.
Non-interest expenses in 2000 were up 16% compared with 1999, largely due
to compensation and benefits, which rose 21% to $13.7 billion. This increase was
caused by higher incentive and production-related compensation resulting from
increased revenues.
Non-compensation expenses also increased in 2000 as compared with 1999, due
primarily to a 13% increase in communications and technology expenses that
resulted from higher technology-related depreciation and systems consulting, as
well as increased expenses related to market data services. Brokerage, clearing,
and exchange fees were 15% higher than 1999 due to higher execution and clearing
costs as a result of increased transaction volumes. Higher travel expenses and
sales promotion costs resulting from increased business activity were the cause
of a 20% increase in advertising and market development in 2000. Professional
fees rose 12% partly as a result of higher employment service fees. Office
supplies and postage expense increased 17% due primarily to higher printing
expenses.
SEPTEMBER 11TH-RELATED EXPENSES
September 11th-related expenses of $131 million pre-tax ($83 million after-tax)
were recorded in 2001. These amounts are net of an insurance recovery of $100
million and insurance receivables of $115 million. The majority of the September
11th-related gross expenses pertain to the write-off of damaged assets and
sublease income, the repair and replacement of equipment, as well as
transportation, moving, and related costs for displaced workers. For additional
information see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES
As a result of actions taken to position Merrill Lynch for improved
profitability and growth, including the resizing of selected businesses and
other structural changes, a pre-tax charge of $2.2 billion ($1.7 billion
after-tax) was recorded during the fourth quarter of 2001. A detailed review of
all businesses was conducted in the fourth quarter and these in-depth reviews
led to a number of actions, primarily focused on resizing the businesses for the
current environment. The charge included the following components:
.Approximately $1.2 billion of the charge is associated with severance costs
related to workforce reductions, and other staff-related costs. Workforce
reductions were made through a combination of divestitures, voluntary
separations, and managed reductions. The majority of the employee separations
associated with the fourth-quarter charges have been completed or announced,
and all have been identified. Approximately half of the 9,000 employee
separations are associated with divestitures and discontinued businesses; the
remainder result from voluntary separation, or targeted actions in selected
businesses.
.Real estate initiatives include the consolidation of Private Client offices in
the United States, Europe, Asia, and Australia and the closure or subletting of
excess office space in the United States. Approximately $500 million of the
charge is associated with real estate initiatives.
.Technology initiatives include the disposal of certain technology assets and
the sale-leaseback and related write-down of other technology assets.
Approximately $300 million of the charge is associated with technology
initiatives.
.Other business rationalization costs, which comprise $200 million of the
charge are principally related to costs associated with the refocusing of the
Private Client business in Japan.
Management expects the restructuring plan to yield pre-tax cost savings of
$1.4 billion annually, beginning in the first quarter of 2002, a portion of
which will be reinvested in priority growth initiatives. These savings largely
relate to reduced employee-related and facilities costs and are expected to be
realized in compensation and benefits, depreciation, and occupancy expenses.
Merrill Lynch expects to substantially complete the restructuring by the end of
2002. Management will continue to review its business groups and product
offerings throughout 2002 to meet the needs of the changing economic environment
and to ensure its goal of improved profitability.
For additional information on these charges, see Note 2 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
PAGE 28
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
INCOME TAXES
Merrill Lynch's 2001 income tax provision was $609 million, representing a 44.2%
effective tax rate compared with 30.4% in 2000 and 31.4% in 1999. The increase
in the 2001 effective tax rate is due primarily to prior and current year
non-deductible losses associated with the refocusing of the Japan Private Client
business, which were included in the fourth-quarter charge, including a
write-off of previously recognized deferred tax assets of approximately $135
million. The decline in the 2000 effective tax rate was primarily attributable
to an increase in lower-taxed non-U.S. income and additional tax-advantaged
financing. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the effects of
temporary differences between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its
reported amount in the financial statements. Merrill Lynch assesses its ability
to realize deferred tax assets primarily based on a strong earnings history and
the absence of negative evidence as discussed in Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes." During the
last 10 years, average pre-tax earnings were $2.7 billion. Accordingly,
management believes that it is more likely than not that remaining deferred tax
assets, net of the related valuation allowance, will be realized (see Note 15 to
the Consolidated Financial Statements).
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BALANCE SHEET
OVERVIEW
Management continually monitors and evaluates the level and composition of the
balance sheet. The following chart illustrates the composition of the balance
sheet at December 28, 2001.
[PIE CHART]
ASSETS
Securities Financing Transactions 30%
Trading Assets 26%
Marketable Investment Securities 18%
Other 16%
Trading-Related Receivables 10%
LIABILITIES
Seurities Financing Transactions 22%
Deposits 22%
Trading Liabilities 20%
Long-Term Borrowings 19%
Trading-Related Payables 9%
Other 7%
Short-Term Borrowings 1%
In 2001, average total assets were $429 billion, up 16% from $371 billion
in 2000. Average total liabilities in 2001 increased 15% to $406 billion from
$352 billion in 2000, and average equity capital increased 23% to $23 billion
during 2001. The major components of the increase in average total assets and
liabilities are summarized as follows:
(dollars in millions)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 VS. 2000
-----------------------------
INCREASE
(DECREASE) CHANGE
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AVERAGE ASSETS
Marketable investment securities $ 39,299 158%
Receivables under resale agreements 18,314 24
Loans, notes and mortgages 6,358 48
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AVERAGE LIABILITIES
Deposits $ 46,219 134%
Payables under repurchase agreements 17,390 21
Long-term borrowings 14,908 24
Commercial paper and other short-term
borrowings (14,158) (59)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The significant growth in deposits in 2001 resulted from the mid-2000
modification of the cash sweep options for certain CMA(R) and other types of
Merrill Lynch accounts to generally sweep cash into interest-bearing bank
deposits at Merrill Lynch's U.S. banks, rather than MLIM-managed money market
mutual funds. This increase in deposits was primarily used by the U.S. banks to
purchase marketable investment securities. Receivables under resale agreements
and payables under repurchase agreements rose due to increased matched-book
activity. Additionally, the increase in long-term borrowings is related to the
reduction in the use of commercial paper and other short-term borrowings in
2001.
The discussion that follows analyzes the changes in year-end financial
statement balances of the major asset and liability categories.
TRADING-RELATED ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Trading-related balances primarily consist of trading assets (including
securities pledged as collateral) and liabilities, receivables under resale
agreements and securities borrowed transactions, payables under repurchase
agreements and securities loaned transactions, and certain receivable/payable
balances that result from trading activities. At December 28, 2001 total
trading-related assets and liabilities were $273.6 billion and $203.4 billion,
respectively.
Although trading-related balances comprise a significant portion of the
balance sheet, the magnitude of these balances does not necessarily convey a
sense of the risk profile assumed by Merrill Lynch. The market and credit risks
associated with trading-related balances are mitigated through various hedging
strategies, as discussed in the following section (see Note 6 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements for descriptions of market and credit risks).
Merrill Lynch reduces a significant portion of the credit risk associated
with trading-related receivables by requiring counterparties to post cash or
securities as collateral in accordance with collateral maintenance policies.
Conversely, Merrill Lynch may be required to post cash or securities to
counterparties in accordance with similar policies.
PAGE 29
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
TRADING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Trading inventory principally represents securities purchased ("long"
positions), securities sold but not yet purchased ("short" positions), and the
fair value of derivative contracts (see Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements for related accounting policies). These positions are primarily the
result of market-making, hedging, and proprietary activities.
Merrill Lynch acts as a market-maker in a wide range of securities,
resulting in a significant amount of trading inventory to facilitate customer
transaction flow. To a lesser degree, Merrill Lynch also maintains proprietary
trading inventory in seeking to profit from existing or projected market
opportunities.
Merrill Lynch uses both cash instruments and derivatives to manage trading
inventory market risks. As a result of these hedging techniques, a significant
portion of trading assets and liabilities represent hedges of other trading
positions. Long U.S. Government securities, for example, may be hedged with
short interest rate futures contracts. These hedging techniques, which are
generally initiated at the trading unit level, are supplemented by corporate
risk management policies and procedures (see the Risk Management section for a
description of risk management policies and procedures).
Trading assets, including securities pledged as collateral, at year-end
2001 were up 4% from year-end 2000, and trading liabilities increased 10% to
$75.9 billion.
SECURITIES FINANCING TRANSACTIONS
Repurchase agreements and, to a lesser extent, securities loaned transactions
are used to fund a significant portion of trading assets. Likewise, Merrill
Lynch uses resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions to obtain the
securities needed for delivery on short positions. These transactions are
typically short-term in nature with a significant portion entered into on an
overnight or open basis. Resale and repurchase agreements entered into on a term
basis typically mature within 90 days.
Merrill Lynch also enters into these transactions to meet customers' needs.
These "matched-book" repurchase and resale agreements or securities borrowed and
loaned transactions are entered into with different customers using the same
underlying securities, generating a spread between the interest revenue on the
resale agreements or securities borrowed transactions and the interest expense
on the repurchase agreements or securities loaned transactions. Exposures on
these transactions are limited by their typically short-term nature and
collateral maintenance policies.
Receivables under resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions at
year-end 2001 increased 9% from 2000, and payables under repurchase agreements
and securities loaned transactions decreased 16% from year-end 2000.
OTHER TRADING-RELATED RECEIVABLES AND PAYABLES
Securities trading may lead to various customer or broker-dealer balances.
Broker-dealer balances may also result from recording trading inventory on a
trade date basis. Certain receivable and payable balances also arise when
customers or broker-dealers fail to pay for securities purchased or fail to
deliver securities sold, respectively. These receivables are generally fully
collateralized by the securities that the customer or broker-dealer purchased
but did not receive. Customer receivables also include margin loans
collateralized by customer-owned securities held by Merrill Lynch. Collateral
policies significantly limit Merrill Lynch's credit exposure to customers and
broker-dealers. Merrill Lynch, in accordance with regulatory requirements, will
sell securities that have not been paid for, or purchase securities sold but not
delivered, after a relatively short period of time, or will require additional
margin collateral, as necessary. These measures reduce market risk exposure
related to these balances.
Interest receivable and payable balances related to trading inventory are
principally short-term in nature. Interest balances for resale and repurchase
agreements, securities borrowed and loaned transactions, and customer margin
loans are generally considered when determining the collateral requirements
related to these transactions.
Trading-related receivables at year-end 2001 were $40.8 billion, down 32%
from 2000, and trading-related payables increased 55% to $37.1 billion from
year-end 2000, primarily due to changes in broker-dealer balances.
NON-TRADING ASSETS
INVESTMENTS
Marketable investment securities, including those held for liquidity management
purposes, consist of highly liquid debt and equity securities. Marketable
investment securities grew to $77.8 billion at December 28, 2001 from $49.3
billion at December 29, 2000, funded by increased bank deposits (see the
Non-Trading Liabilities -- Borrowings section for further information).
Investments of insurance subsidiaries, primarily debt securities, are used to
fund policyholder liabilities. Other investments consist of equity and debt
securities, including those acquired in connection with merchant banking
activities, and venture capital investments, including technology investments,
and investments that economically hedge deferred compensation liabilities (see
Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
LOANS, NOTES, AND MORTGAGES
Merrill Lynch's portfolio of loans, notes, and mortgages consists of mortgage
loans on residences, working capital loans to small- and medium-sized
businesses, and syndicated loans. Merrill Lynch generally maintains collateral
on some of these extensions of credit in the form of securities, liens on real
estate, perfected security interests in other assets of the borrower, and
guarantees. Loans, notes, and mortgages increased 9% in 2001 to $19.0 billion
due to
PAGE 30
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
increased consumer lending activities. Merrill Lynch maintained collateral of
$14.7 billion at December 28, 2001 to reduce related default risk against
certain of these credits.
OTHER
Other non-trading assets, which include cash and cash equivalents, goodwill,
equipment and facilities, and other assets, decreased $12.8 billion from
year-end 2000 levels. This decrease is primarily due to decreased cash
equivalent investment balances at Merrill Lynch's U.S. banks.
NON-TRADING LIABILITIES
BORROWINGS
Portions of trading and non-trading assets are funded through deposits,
long-term borrowings, and commercial paper (see the Capital Adequacy and Funding
section for further information on funding sources).
Commercial paper decreased from $14.0 billion at year-end 2000 to $3.0
billion at year-end 2001. Deposits increased $18.2 billion in 2001 as a result
of higher customer deposits in U.S. banking subsidiaries which resulted from the
mid-2000 modification of the cash sweep options for certain CMA(R) and other
types of Merrill Lynch accounts to generally sweep cash into interest-bearing
bank deposits at Merrill Lynch's U.S. banks, rather than MLIM-managed money
market mutual funds. Outstanding long-term borrowings increased to $76.6 billion
at December 28, 2001 from $70.2 billion at December 29, 2000. In the second
quarter of 2001, Merrill Lynch issued Liquid Yield Option/TM/ Notes
("LYONs"(R)) due in 2031. LYONs(R) are zero-coupon senior debt instruments
convertible into Merrill Lynch common stock at a premium under certain defined
terms and conditions. For additional information on LYONs(R) see Note 8 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements.
Major components of the changes in long-term borrowings for 2001 and 2000
follow:
(dollars in billions)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Beginning of year $ 70.2 $ 54.0
Issuances 38.5 33.7
Maturities (32.8) (15.7)
Other 0.7 (1.8)
------- -------
End of year(1) $ 76.6 $ 70.2
======= =======
Average maturity in years of long-term
borrowings, when measured to:
Maturity 4.1 3.6
Earlier of the call or put date 2.8 3.0
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) At year-end 2001 and 2000, $54.1 billion and $48.8 billion of long-term
borrowings had maturity dates beyond one year, respectively.
OTHER
Other non-trading liabilities, which include liabilities of insurance
subsidiaries and other payables, increased slightly from year-end 2000 levels.
PREFERRED SECURITIES ISSUED BY SUBSIDIARIES
Preferred securities issued by subsidiaries consist primarily of Trust
Originated Preferred Securities/SM/ ("TOPrS"/SM/) (see Note 10 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements for further information). TOPrS/SM/ proceeds
are utilized as part of general balance sheet funding (see Capital Adequacy and
Funding section for more information).
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Stockholders' equity at December 28, 2001 increased 9% to $20.0 billion from
$18.3 billion at year-end 2000. This increase primarily resulted from net
earnings and the net effect of employee stock transactions, partially offset by
dividends.
At December 28, 2001, total common shares outstanding, excluding shares
exchangeable into common stock, were 843.5 million, 4% higher than the 808.0
million shares outstanding at December 29, 2000. The increase was attributable
principally to employee stock grants and option exercises. There were no common
stock repurchases during 2001 or 2000.
Total shares exchangeable into common stock at year-end 2001, issued in
connection with the 1998 merger with Midland Walwyn Inc., were 4.2 million,
compared with 4.7 million at year-end 2000. For additional information see Note
11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CAPITAL ADEQUACY AND FUNDING
The primary objectives of Merrill Lynch's capital structure and funding policies
are to support the successful execution of the firm's business strategies while
ensuring:
.sufficient equity capital to absorb losses and,
.liquidity at all times, across market cycles, and through periods of
financial stress.
CAPITAL ADEQUACY
At December 28, 2001, Merrill Lynch's equity capital was comprised of $19.6
billion in common equity, $425 million in preferred stock, and $2.7 billion of
TOPrS./SM/
Merrill Lynch continually reviews overall equity capital needs to ensure
that its equity capital base can support the estimated risks and needs of its
businesses, as well as the regulatory and legal capital requirements of its
subsidiaries. Merrill Lynch uses statistically based risk models, developed in
conjunction with risk management practices, to estimate potential losses arising
from market and credit risks. Equity capital needs are determined based on these
models, which dynamically capture changes in risk profile. Merrill Lynch also
assesses the need for equity capital to support business risks, such as process
risk, that may not be adequately measured through these risk models, as well as
the potential use of equity capital to support growth. Merrill Lynch determines
the appropriateness of its equity capital composition, which includes common
stock, preferred stock, and TOPrS,/SM/ taking into account the perpetual nature
of its preferred stock and TOPrS./SM/ Based on these
PAGE 31
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
analyses and criteria, management believes that Merrill Lynch's equity capital
base of $22.7 billion is adequate.
Merrill Lynch operates in many regulated businesses that require various
minimum levels of capital (see Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements
for further information). Merrill Lynch's broker-dealer, banking, insurance, and
futures commission merchant activities are subject to regulatory requirements
that may restrict the free flow of funds to affiliates. Regulatory approval is
generally required for paying dividends in excess of certain established levels
and making affiliated investments. Merrill Lynch's capital adequacy models and
planning take into account these regulatory considerations.
Merrill Lynch's leverage ratios were as follows:
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
ADJUSTED
LEVERAGE LEVERAGE
RATIO(1) RATIO(2)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
YEAR-END
December 28, 2001 18.5x 12.8x
December 29, 2000 19.4x 13.9x
AVERAGE(3)
Year ended December 28, 2001 18.8x 13.1x
Year ended December 29, 2000 19.0x 13.2x
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Total assets to Total stockholders' equity and Preferred securities issued
by subsidiaries.
(2) Total assets less (a) Receivables under resale agreements (b) Receivables
under securities borrowed transactions and (c) Securities received as
collateral to Total stockholders' equity and Preferred securities issued by
subsidiaries.
(3) Computed using month-end balances.
An asset-to-equity leverage ratio does not reflect the risk profile of
assets, hedging strategies, or off-balance sheet exposures. Thus, Merrill Lynch
does not rely on overall leverage ratios to assess risk-based capital adequacy.
FUNDING
Merrill Lynch strives to continually expand and globally diversify its funding
programs, markets, and investor and creditor base. Merrill Lynch benefits by
distributing a significant portion of its liabilities and equity through its own
sales force to a large, diversified global client base. Available funding
sources include:
.repurchase agreements and securities loaned transactions,
.U.S., Euro, Canadian, Japanese, and Australian commercial paper programs,
.deposits at Merrill Lynch's banking subsidiaries,
.bank loans,
.U.S., Euro, Canadian, and Australian medium- and long-term debt programs,
.letters of credit,
.TOPrS,/SM/
.preferred stock, and
.common stock.
Merrill Lynch typically concentrates its unsecured, non-deposit
general-purpose funding at the ML & Co. level, except where tax regulations,
time zone differences, or other business considerations make this impractical.
The benefits of this strategy are enhanced control, reduced financing costs,
wider name recognition by creditors, and greater flexibility to meet variable
funding requirements of subsidiaries.
During 2001 and 2000, Merrill Lynch reduced its reliance on commercial
paper as a source of funding. Commercial paper represented 4% and 16% of total
unsecured borrowings at year-end 2001 and 2000, respectively. Merrill Lynch
diversifies its borrowings by maintaining various limits, including a limit on
the amount of commercial paper held by a single investor.
LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT
Liquidity risk occurs when there are timing differences between cash inflows
from the businesses and cash outflows for business needs and maturing debt
obligations. Merrill Lynch's liquidity policy is to maintain alternative funding
sources such that all unsecured debt obligations maturing within one year can be
repaid when due without issuing new unsecured debt or requiring business assets
to be liquidated. The main alternative funding sources to unsecured borrowings
are repurchase agreements, securities loaned, and secured bank loans, which
require pledging unencumbered marketable securities held for trading or
investment purposes.
As an additional source of liquidity, Merrill Lynch maintains a portfolio
of segregated U.S. government and agency obligations, and asset-backed
securities of high credit quality, which had a carrying value, net of related
hedges of $8.4 billion at December 28, 2001 and $7.4 billion at December 29,
2000. These assets may be sold or pledged to provide immediate liquidity even
during periods of adverse market conditions.
For funding purposes, Merrill Lynch assesses its assets and commitments in
order to determine the appropriate level of short-term and long-term funding.
Long-term funding sources include a portion of deposits, the non-current portion
of long-term debt, TOPrS/SM/, preferred stock, and common equity. Generally,
trading and other current assets are financed with a combination of short-term
and long-term funding. Long-term, less liquid assets are fully financed with
long-term funding. Merrill Lynch also finances the long-term funding
requirements of commitments and other contingent obligations, including
additional collateral that may be required under derivative contracts in certain
rating downgrade scenarios. In assessing the appropriate tenor of its short-term
and long-term funding, Merrill Lynch seeks to ensure sufficient coverage over
the spectrum of maturities.
Merrill Lynch recognizes that regulatory restrictions may limit the free
flow of funds among affiliates. For example, a portion of deposits held by
Merrill Lynch bank subsidiaries fund securities that can be sold or pledged to
provide immediate liquidity for the banks. However, there are regulatory
restrictions on the use of this liquidity for non-bank affiliates of Merrill
Lynch.
PAGE 32
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
Approximately $81.7 billion of indebtedness at December 28, 2001 is
considered senior indebtedness as defined under various indentures. Merrill
Lynch's debt obligations do not contain provisions that could, upon an adverse
change in ML & Co.'s credit rating, financial ratios, earnings, cash flows, or
stock price, trigger a requirement for an early payment, additional collateral
support, changes in terms, acceleration of maturity, or the creation of an
additional financial obligation. Merrill Lynch may issue structured notes that,
under certain circumstances, require Merrill Lynch to immediately settle the
obligation for cash or other securities. A limited number of structured notes
may be accelerated based on the value of the underlying securities. Merrill
Lynch typically hedges these notes with positions in the underlying securities.
Merrill Lynch maintains a committed, senior, unsecured bank credit facility
that totaled $5 billion at December 28, 2001 and $8 billion at December 29,
2000. The current facility expires in May 2002. While Merrill Lynch expects to
renew the facility, it may choose to do so in a reduced amount. In 2001, Merrill
Lynch elected to reduce the amount of its credit facility. This reduction was
offset by an increase in the liquidity portfolio of unencumbered securities that
may be sold or pledged to provide immediate liquidity. At December 28, 2001 and
December 29, 2000, there were no borrowings outstanding under these credit
facilities. Merrill Lynch's revolving line of bank credit contains covenants,
including a minimum net worth requirement, with which Merrill Lynch has
maintained compliance at all times. The credit facility does not, however,
require Merrill Lynch to maintain specified credit ratings.
Merrill Lynch maintains a contingency funding plan that outlines actions
that would be taken in the event of a funding disruption.
ASSET AND LIABILITY MANAGEMENT
Merrill Lynch routinely issues debt in a variety of maturities and currencies to
achieve the lowest cost financing possible and an appropriate liability maturity
profile. Merrill Lynch uses derivative transactions to more closely match the
duration of these borrowings to the duration of the assets being funded to
enable interest rate risk to be managed within limits set by Corporate Risk
Management. Interest rate swaps also serve to reduce Merrill Lynch's interest
expense and effective borrowing rate, when interest rates decline. Merrill Lynch
also enters into currency swaps to ensure that foreign-currency denominated
assets are funded with like-currency denominated liabilities (to the extent that
the currency cannot be sourced more efficiently through a direct debt issuance).
Investments in subsidiaries in foreign currencies are also effectively hedged to
a level which minimizes translation adjustments in the Cumulative Translation
Account. For further information, see Notes 1 and 6 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
CREDIT RATINGS
The cost and availability of unsecured funding generally are dependent on credit
ratings. Merrill Lynch's senior long-term debt, preferred stock, and TOPrS/SM/
were rated by several recognized credit rating agencies at February 25, 2002 as
indicated below. These ratings do not reflect outlooks that may be expressed by
the rating agencies from time to time, which are currently negative. Subsequent
to the announcement of Merrill Lynch's fourth quarter 2001 restructuring and
other charges, all of these rating agencies reaffirmed Merrill Lynch's current
ratings.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PREFERRED
SENIOR DEBT STOCK TOPrS/SM/
RATING AGENCY RATINGS RATINGS RATINGS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dominion Bond Rating
Service Ltd. AA (low) Not Rated Not Rated
Fitch Ratings AA AA- AA-
Moody's Investors Service, Inc. Aa3 A2 A1
Rating & Investment
Information, Inc.(1) AA A+ A+
Standard & Poor's
Ratings Services AA- A A
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Located in Japan.
NON-TRADING RELATED CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
As a part of its normal operating strategy, Merrill Lynch enters into various
contractual obligations and commitments which may require future payments. The
table below outlines the significant contractual obligations outstanding as of
December 28, 2001 and provides reference to where further information on each
obligation can be found elsewhere in this document:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATION REFERENCE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Long-term borrowings Note 8
Leases Note 12
Deferred compensation plans Note 14
Additional commitments to Note 12 and Non-Investment
invest in partnerships Grade Holdings and Highly
Leveraged Transactions
Unutilized revolving lines of
credit and other commitments to
extend credit Note 12
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CAPITAL PROJECTS AND EXPENDITURES
Merrill Lynch continually prepares for the future by reviewing its operations
and investing in new technology to improve service to clients.
Merrill Lynch has agreed to invest not more than $600 million in MLHSBC,
the 50/50-owned corporation created to provide global online investment and
banking services. At December 28, 2001, Merrill Lynch had invested $197 million.
The timing of the funding of additional investments will be determined by the
Board of Directors of MLHSBC, which has equal representation from Merrill Lynch
and HSBC.
PAGE 33
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RISK MANAGEMENT
RISK MANAGEMENT PHILOSOPHY
Risk-taking is an integral part of Merrill Lynch's core business activities. In
the course of conducting its business operations, Merrill Lynch is exposed to a
variety of risks including market, credit, liquidity, process, and other risks
that are material and require comprehensive controls and management. The
responsibility and accountability for these risks remain primarily with the
businesses. The Corporate Risk Management ("CRM") group along with other control
units, ensures that these risks are properly identified, monitored, and managed
throughout Merrill Lynch. To accomplish this, CRM has established a risk
management process, which includes:
.a formal risk governance organization that defines the oversight process
and its components;
.a regular review of the entire risk management process by the Audit
Committee of the Board of Directors;
.clearly defined risk management policies and procedures supported by
analytic tools;
.communication and coordination between the business, executive, and risk
functions while maintaining strict segregation of responsibilities,
controls, and oversight; and
.clearly articulated risk tolerance levels as defined by a group composed of
executive management ("the Management Group") that are regularly reviewed
to ensure that Merrill Lynch's risk-taking is consistent with its business
strategy, capital structure, and current and anticipated market conditions.
The risk management process, combined with CRM's personnel and analytic
infrastructure, works to ensure that Merrill Lynch's risk tolerance is
well-defined and understood by the firm's businesses as well as by its executive
management. Other groups, including Corporate Audit, Finance, Legal and
Treasury, work with CRM to establish this overall risk management control
process. While no risk management system can ever be absolutely complete, the
goal of CRM is to make certain that risk related losses occur within acceptable,
predefined levels.
RISK GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE
Merrill Lynch's risk governance structure is comprised of the Audit Committee,
the Management Group, the Risk Oversight Committee ("ROC"), the business units,
CRM, and various corporate governance committees. The roles of these respective
groups are as follows:
The Audit Committee is comprised entirely of external directors and has
authorized the ROC to establish Merrill Lynch's risk management policies.
The Management Group establishes risk tolerance levels for the firm and
authorizes material changes in Merrill Lynch's risk profile. It also ensures
that the risks assumed by Merrill Lynch are managed within these tolerance
levels and verifies that Merrill Lynch has implemented appropriate policies for
the effective management of risks. The Management Group must approve all
substantive changes to risk policies, including those proposed by the ROC. The
Management Group pays particular attention to risk concentrations and liquidity
concerns.
The ROC, comprised of senior business and control managers and currently
chaired by the Chief Financial Officer, oversees Merrill Lynch's risks and
ensures that the business units create and implement processes to identify,
measure, and monitor their risks. The ROC also assists the Management Group in
determining risk tolerance levels for the firm's business units and monitors the
activities of Merrill Lynch's corporate governance committees, reporting
significant issues and transactions to the Management Group and the Audit
Committee.
Various other governance committees exist to create policy, review
activity, and ensure that new and existing business initiatives remain within
established risk tolerance levels. These committees include the New Product
Review Committee, Debt and Equity Capital Commitment Committees, Real Estate
Capital Commitment Committee, Credit Policy Committee, Corporate Transaction
Review Committee, and Reserve Committee. Representatives of the principal
independent control functions participate as voting members of these committees.
CORPORATE RISK MANAGEMENT
CRM is an independent control function responsible for Merrill Lynch's market
and credit risk management processes. The co-heads of CRM report directly to the
Chief Financial Officer who chairs the ROC and is a member of the Management
Group. Market risk is defined to be the potential change in value of financial
instruments caused by fluctuations in interest rates, exchange rates, equity and
commodity prices, credit spreads, and/or other risks. Credit risks are defined
to be the potential for loss that can occur as a result of impairment in the
creditworthiness of an issuer or counterparty or a default by an issuer or
counterparty on its contractual obligations. CRM also provides Merrill Lynch
with an overview of its risk for various aggregate portfolios and develops the
analytics, systems, and policies to conduct all risk management functions.
CRM's chief monitoring and risk measurement tool is Merrill Lynch's Risk
Framework. The Risk Framework defines and communicates Merrill Lynch's risk
tolerance and establishes aggregate and broad risk limits for the firm. Market
risk limits are intended to constrain exposure to specific classes and factors
of market risk and Value-at-Risk ("VaR"). VaR is a statistical measure of the
potential loss in the fair value of a portfolio due to adverse movements in
underlying risk factors. Credit risk limits are intended to constrain the
magnitude and tenor of exposure to individual counterparties and issuers, types
of counterparties and issuers, countries, and financing collateral. Risk
Framework exceptions and violations are reported and investigated at pre-defined
and appropriate levels of management. The Risk Framework and
PAGE 34
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
its limits have been approved by the Management Group and the risk parameters
that define the Risk Framework have been reviewed by the Audit Committee. The
Management Group reviews the Risk Framework annually and approves any material
changes. The ROC reports all substantive Risk Framework changes to the Audit
Committee.
The overall effectiveness of Merrill Lynch's risk processes and policies
can be seen on a broader level when analyzing weekly net trading revenues over
time. CRM policies and procedures of monitoring and controlling risk combined
with the businesses' focus on customer order-flow driven revenues and selective
proprietary positioning have helped Merrill Lynch to reduce earnings volatility
within its portfolios. While no guarantee can be given regarding future earnings
volatility, Merrill Lynch will continue to pursue policies and procedures that
assist the firm in measuring and monitoring its risks. A graph of Merrill
Lynch's weekly revenues from trading-related activities for 2001 follows:
[BAR CHART]
2001 DISTRIBUTION OF WEEKLY REVENUES FROM
TRADING-RELATED ACTIVITIES
(in millions of dollars)
Number of Weeks
---------------
Less than $50 2
$50 - 75 4
$75 - 100 4
$100 - 125 17
$125 - 150 11
$150 - 175 6
$175 - 200 5
Over $200 3
MARKET RISK
CRM's Market Risk Group is responsible for defining the products and markets in
which Merrill Lynch's major business units and functions will transact and take
risk. Moreover, it is responsible for identifying the risks to which these
businesses and units will be exposed in these approved products and markets. The
Market Risk Group uses a variety of quantitative metrics to assess the risk of
Merrill Lynch's positions and portfolios. In particular, the Market Risk Group
quantifies the sensitivities of Merrill Lynch's present portfolios to changes in
market variables. These sensitivities are then utilized in the context of
historical data to estimate earnings and loss distributions that Merrill Lynch's
present portfolios would have incurred throughout the historical period. From
these distributions, CRM derives a number of useful risk statistics including
VaR. VaR is an estimate of the amount that Merrill Lynch's present portfolios
could lose with a specified degree of confidence, over a given time interval.
The VaR for Merrill Lynch's overall portfolios is less than the sum of the VaRs
for individual risk categories because movements in different risk categories
occur at different times and, historically, extreme movements have not occurred
in all risk categories simultaneously. The difference between the sum of the
VaRs for individual risk categories and the VaR calculated for all risk
categories is shown in the following tables and may be viewed as a measure of
the diversification within Merrill Lynch's portfolios. CRM believes that the
tabulated risk measures provide some guidance as to the amount Merrill Lynch
could lose in future periods and it works continuously to improve its
measurement and the methodology of VaR. However, calculation of VaR requires
numerous assumptions and thus VaR should not be viewed as a precise measure of
risk.
In the Merrill Lynch VaR system, CRM uses a historical simulation approach
to estimate VaR using a 99% confidence level and a two-week holding period for
trading and non-trading instruments. Sensitivities to market risk factors are
aggregated and combined with a database of historical market factor movements to
simulate a series of profits and losses. The level of loss that is exceeded in
that series 1% of the time is used as the estimate for the 99% confidence level
VaR. The overall total VaR amounts are presented across major risk categories,
including exposure to volatility risk found in certain products, e.g., options.
The table that follows presents Merrill Lynch's VaR for trading instruments at
year-end 2001 and 2000 and the 2001 average VaR. Additionally, high and low VaR
is presented independently for each risk category and overall. Because high and
low VaR numbers for these risk categories may have occurred on different days,
high and low numbers for diversification benefit would not be meaningful.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DAILY
YEAR-END YEAR-END AVERAGE HIGH LOW
2001 2000 2001 2001 2001
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Trading value-at-risk(1)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest rate and credit spread $ 113 $ 81 $ 84 $ 124 $ 52
Equity 94 77 61 103 35
Commodity 2 9 3 14 0
Currency 3 14 11 50 1
Volatility 44 34 35 67 14
----- ----- ----- ----- ---
256 215 194
Diversification benefit (144) (116) (92)
----- ----- -----
Overall(2) $ 112 $ 99 $ 102 $ 138 $ 76
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) Based on a 99% confidence level and a two-week holding period.
(2) Overall VaR using a 95% confidence level and a one-day holding period was
$21 million and $20 million at year-end 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Due to the mix of the trading portfolio, overall VaR increased in 2001 due
to increases in interest rate and credit spread VaR and equity VaR. These
increases were partially offset by an increase in diversification benefit.
The following table presents Merrill Lynch's VaR for non-trading
instruments (excluding U.S. banks):
PAGE 35
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
(dollars in millions)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
QUARTERLY
YEAR-END YEAR-END AVERAGE
2001 2000 2001
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Non-trading value-at-risk(1)
Interest rate and credit spread $ 77 $ 67 $ 76
Currency 20 23 19
Equity 57 47 51
Volatility 11 3 9
----- ---- -----
165 140 155
Diversification benefit (59) (44) (45)
----- ---- -----
Overall $ 106 $ 96 $ 110
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Based on a 99% confidence level and a two-week holding period.
Non-trading VaR increased modestly during 2001 due to increases in interest
rate and credit spread VaR and equity VaR. The higher interest rate and credit
spread risk is primarily due to an increase in marketable investment securities
held for liquidity purposes. The increase in the non-trading equity VaR is
primarily due to the increased volatility in the U.S. equity markets.
Non-trading VaR does not include the risk related to Merrill Lynch's $2.4
billion of outstanding LYONs(R) since management expects that the LYONs(R)
will be converted to common stock and will not be replaced by fixed income
securities.
In addition to the amounts reported in the accompanying table, non-trading
interest rate VaR associated with Merrill Lynch's TOPrS/SM/ at year-end 2001 and
2000 was $82 million and $138 million, respectively. TOPrS,/SM/ which are
fixed-rate perpetual preferred securities, are considered a component of Merrill
Lynch's equity capital and, therefore, the associated interest rate sensitivity
is not hedged.
Beginning in mid-2000 Merrill Lynch modified the cash sweep options for
certain CMA(R) and other types of Merrill Lynch accounts to generally sweep
cash into interest-bearing bank deposits at Merrill Lynch's U.S. banks, rather
than MLIM-managed money market mutual funds. This increase in deposits was used
to fund the growth in high quality marketable investment securities. The overall
VaR for the U.S. banks, driven largely by these securities and based on a 99%
confidence level and a two-week holding period, was $156 million at year-end
2001 compared with $113 million at year-end 2000. The increase in comparable
year-over-year measures reflects continued asset growth and changes in asset mix
within the banks. For more information on Merrill Lynch's U.S. banks see Capital
Adequacy and Funding.
CREDIT RISK
CRM's Credit Risk Group assesses the creditworthiness of existing and potential
individual clients, institutional counterparties and issuers, and determines
firm-wide credit risk levels within Framework limits. The Group reviews and
monitors specific transactions as well as portfolio and other credit risk
concentrations. It is also responsible for ongoing credit quality and limit
compliance, and the Group works with the business units of Merrill Lynch to
manage and mitigate credit risk.
The Credit Risk Group uses a variety of methodologies to set limits on
exposure resulting from a counterparty or issuer failing to perform on its
contractual obligations. The Group performs analysis in the context of
industrial, regional, and global economic trends and incorporates portfolio and
concentration effects when determining tolerance levels. Credit risk limits take
into account measures of both current and potential exposure and are set and
monitored by broad risk type, product type, and tenor to maturity. Credit risk
mitigation techniques include, where appropriate, the right to require initial
collateral or margin, the right to terminate transactions or obtain collateral
should unfavorable events occur, the right to call for collateral when certain
exposure thresholds are exceeded, and the purchase of credit default protection.
With senior management involvement, Merrill Lynch conducts regular portfolio
reviews, monitors counterparty creditworthiness, and evaluates transaction risk
with a view toward early problem identification and protection against
unacceptable credit-related losses. In 2001, the Credit Risk Group invested
additional resources to enhance its methods and policies to assist in the
management of Merrill Lynch's credit risk.
Credit risk and exposure that originates from Merrill Lynch's retail
customer business is monitored constantly by CRM. Exposures include credit risks
for mortgages, home equity lines of credit, margin accounts, and working capital
lines that Merrill Lynch maintains with certain small business clients. When
required, these exposures are collateralized in accordance with regulatory
requirements governing such activities. Credit risk in Merrill Lynch's U.S.
banks' investment portfolios is monitored within CRM and by credit risk
management analysts. In addition, Merrill Lynch's U.S. banks have independent
credit approval and monitoring processes.
Merrill Lynch enters into International Swaps and Derivatives Association,
Inc. master agreements or their equivalent ("master netting agreements") with
each of its derivative counterparties as soon as possible. Master netting
agreements provide protection in bankruptcy in certain circumstances and, in
some cases, enable receivables and payables with the same counterparty to be
offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, providing for a more meaningful
balance sheet presentation of credit exposure.
In addition, to reduce default risk, Merrill Lynch requires collateral,
principally U.S. Government and agencies securities, on certain derivative
transactions. From an economic standpoint, Merrill Lynch evaluates default risk
exposures net of related collateral. The following is a summary of the
replacement value of trading derivatives in a gain position (net of $7.3 billion
of collateral) by counterparty credit rating and maturity at December 28, 2001.
(Note that the following table is inclusive of credit exposure from derivative
transactions only and does not include other credit exposures, which may be
material.)
PAGE 36
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
YEARS TO MATURITY CROSS-
CREDIT ---------------------------------------- MATURITY
RATING(1) 0-3 3-5 5-7 OVER 7 NETTING(2) TOTAL
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AAA $ 4,013 $1,069 $ 987 $1,530 $ (822) $ 6,777
AA 4,397 2,599 912 1,838 (1,545) 8,201
A 2,696 1,309 436 891 (580) 4,752
BBB 1,605 602 266 343 (364) 2,452
Other 1,138 291 144 87 (116) 1,544
------- -------- ------ ------ -------- -------
Total $13,849 $5,870 $2,745 $4,689 $(3,427) $23,726
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Represents credit rating agency equivalent of internal credit ratings.
(2) Represents netting of payable balances with receivable balances for the
same counterparty across maturity band categories. Receivable and payable
balances with the same counterparty in the same maturity category, however,
are net within the maturity category.
In addition to obtaining collateral, Merrill Lynch attempts to mitigate its
default risk on derivatives whenever possible by entering into transactions with
provisions that enable Merrill Lynch to terminate or reset the terms of its
derivative contracts.
PROCESS RISK
Process Risk Management is an evolving risk management discipline. Merrill Lynch
defines process risk as the risk of loss resulting from inadequate controls or
business disruption relating to people, internal processes, systems, or external
events. Examples of process risks faced by the firm include systems failure,
human error, fraud, and major fire or other disasters. Merrill Lynch manages
process risks in a variety of ways including maintaining a comprehensive system
of internal controls, using technology to automate processes and reduce manual
errors, monitoring risk events, employing experienced personnel, monitoring
business activities by compliance professionals, maintaining backup facilities,
conducting internal audits, requiring education and training of employees, and
emphasizing the importance of management oversight.
On September 11th terrorists attacked the World Trade Center complex, which
subsequently collapsed and damaged surrounding buildings, including some
occupied by Merrill Lynch. These events precipitated the temporary relocation of
approximately 9,000 employees from Merrill Lynch's global headquarters in the
North Tower of the World Financial Center, and from offices at the South Tower
of the World Financial Center and 222 Broadway. Merrill Lynch has reoccupied the
North Tower of the World Financial Center and 222 Broadway and is restoring the
South Tower of the World Financial Center. Although some of Merrill Lynch's
businesses were temporarily disrupted, resulting in lower than normal market
shares and reduced business activity, all its businesses are now functioning and
serving clients worldwide. In certain instances, Merrill Lynch is utilizing
temporary locations and backup infrastructures.
OTHER RISKS
Liquidity Risks arise in the course of Merrill Lynch's general funding
activities and in the management of its balance sheet. This risk includes both
being unable to raise funding with appropriate maturity and interest rate
characteristics and the risk of being unable to liquidate an asset in a timely
manner at a reasonable price. For more information on how Merrill Lynch manages
liquidity risk, see the Capital Adequacy and Funding section.
Merrill Lynch encounters a variety of other risks, which have the ability
to impact the viability, profitability, and cost effectiveness of present or
future transactions. Such risks include political, tax, and regulatory risks
that may arise due to changes in local laws, regulations, accounting standards,
or tax statutes. To assist in the mitigation of such risks, Merrill Lynch
rigorously reviews new and pending legislation and regulations. Additionally,
Merrill Lynch employs professionals in jurisdictions in which the company
operates to actively follow issues of potential concern or impact to the firm
and to participate in related interest groups.
In mid-2001, in a further effort to ensure the independence and objectivity
of its research, Merrill Lynch announced a new policy, which prohibits equity
analysts and their staff members from buying equity shares for companies they
cover. In addition, for shares they already hold, they must either divest,
transfer the securities to a managed account over which they have no discretion,
or maintain existing shares under stricter disclosure and disposition rules.
Further, the existence of any equity position maintained by any analyst with
responsibility for any security discussed in a research report will be described
in the research report.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NON-INVESTMENT GRADE HOLDINGS AND
HIGHLY LEVERAGED TRANSACTIONS
Non-investment grade holdings and highly leveraged transactions involve risks
related to the creditworthiness of the issuers or counterparties and the
liquidity of the market for such investments. Merrill Lynch recognizes these
risks and, whenever possible, employs strategies to mitigate exposures. The
specific components and overall level of non-investment grade and highly
leveraged positions may vary significantly from period to period as a result of
inventory turnover, investment sales, and asset redeployment.
In the normal course of business, Merrill Lynch underwrites, trades, and
holds non-investment grade cash instruments in connection with its investment
banking, market-making, and derivative structuring activities. Non-investment
grade holdings have been defined as debt and preferred equity securities rated
as BB+ or lower or equivalent ratings by recognized credit rating agencies,
sovereign debt in emerging markets, amounts due under derivative contracts from
non-investment grade counterparties, and other instruments that, in the opinion
of management, are non-investment grade.
In addition to the amounts included in the following table, derivatives may
also expose Merrill Lynch to credit risk related to the underlying security
where a derivative
PAGE 37
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
contract can either synthesize ownership of the underlying security (e.g., long
total return swaps) or potentially force ownership of the underlying security
(e.g., short put options). Derivatives may also subject Merrill Lynch to credit
spread or issuer default risk, in that changes in credit spreads or in the
credit quality of the underlying securities may adversely affect the
derivatives' fair values. Merrill Lynch seeks to manage these risks by engaging
in various hedging strategies to reduce its exposure associated with
non-investment grade positions, such as purchasing an option to sell the related
security or entering into other offsetting derivative contracts.
Merrill Lynch provides financing and advisory services to, and invests in,
companies entering into leveraged transactions, which may include leveraged
buyouts, recapitalizations, and mergers and acquisitions. Merrill Lynch
provides extensions of credit to leveraged companies, in the form of senior and
subordinated debt, as well as bridge financing on a select basis. In addition,
Merrill Lynch syndicates loans for non-investment grade companies, or in
connection with highly leveraged transactions and may retain a residual portion
of these loans.
Merrill Lynch holds direct equity investments in leveraged companies and
interests in partnerships that invest in leveraged transactions. Merrill Lynch
has also committed to participate in limited partnerships that invest in
leveraged transactions. Future commitments to participate in limited
partnerships and other direct equity investments will continue to be made on a
select basis.
TRADING EXPOSURES
The following table summarizes trading exposures to non-investment grade or
highly leveraged issuers or counterparties at year-end 2001 and 2000:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Trading assets:
Cash instruments $ 4,597 $ 5,227
Derivatives 4,478 3,982
Trading liabilities--cash instruments (1,535) (1,087)
Collateral on derivative assets (2,934) (1,796)
------- -------
Net trading asset exposure $ 4,606 $ 6,326
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Included in the preceding table are debt and equity securities and bank
loans of companies in various stages of bankruptcy proceedings or in default. At
December 28, 2001, the carrying value of such debt and equity securities totaled
$58 million, of which 18% resulted from Merrill Lynch's market-making activities
in such securities. This compared with $43 million at December 29, 2000, of
which 64% related to market-making activities. Also included are distressed bank
loans totaling $245 million and $122 million at year-end 2001 and 2000,
respectively.
NON-TRADING EXPOSURES
The following table summarizes non-trading exposures to non-investment grade or
highly leveraged issuers or counterparties at year-end 2001 and 2000:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Marketable investment securities $ 221 $ 199
Investments of insurance subsidiaries 114 136
Loans (net of allowance for loan losses):
Bridge loans 130 524
Other loans(1) 2,578 2,741
Other investments:
Partnership interests(2) 1,359 993
Other equity investments(3) 140 284
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Represents outstanding loans to 138 and 135 companies at year-end 2001 and
2000, respectively.
(2) Includes $712 million and $504 million in investments at year-end 2001 and
2000, respectively, related to deferred compensation plans, for which the
default risk of the investments rests with the participating employees.
(3) Includes investments in 81 and 98 enterprises at year-end 2001 and 2000,
respectively.
The following table summarizes Merrill Lynch's commitments with exposure to
non-investment grade or highly leveraged counterparties at year-end 2001 and
2000:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Additional commitments to invest
in partnerships $ 288 $ 467
Unutilized revolving lines of credit and
other lending commitments 1,947 3,664
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
At December 28, 2001, the largest industry exposure was to the financial
services sector, which accounted for 22% of total non-investment grade positions
and highly leveraged transactions.
Merrill Lynch sponsors certain deferred compensation plans in which eligible
employees, who meet certain minimum compensation and net worth levels, may
participate. Contributions to the plans are made on a tax-deferred basis by
participants. Contributions are invested by Merrill Lynch in mutual funds and
other funds as directed by the employee, and the plans may include a leverage
feature which is non-recourse to the employees. In addition, certain Merrill
Lynch employees, who manage the assets of certain of these plan partnerships,
participate in the profits of these entities.
Merrill Lynch also allows certain qualified high-net-worth employees to
invest in certain private equity investments in selected third-party funds.
PAGE 38
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LITIGATION
Certain actions have been filed against Merrill Lynch in connection with Merrill
Lynch's business activities. Although the ultimate outcome of legal actions,
arbitration proceedings, and claims pending against ML & Co. or its subsidiaries
cannot be ascertained at this time and the results of legal proceedings cannot
be predicted with certainty, it is the opinion of management that the resolution
of these actions will not have a material adverse effect on the financial
condition of Merrill Lynch as set forth in the Consolidated Financial
Statements, but may be material to Merrill Lynch's operating results for any
particular period.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The following is a summary of Merrill Lynch's critical accounting policies. For
a full description of these and other accounting policies see Note 1 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements.
USE OF ESTIMATES
In presenting the Consolidated Financial Statements, management makes estimates
regarding certain trading inventory valuations, the outcome of litigation, the
carrying amount of goodwill, the allowance for loan losses, the realization of
deferred tax assets, recovery of insurance deferred acquisition costs, September
11th-related insurance recoveries, restructuring and other charges, and other
matters that affect the reported amounts and disclosure of contingencies in the
financial statements. Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgment and
available information. Therefore, actual results could differ from those
estimates and could have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial
Statements and it is possible that such changes could occur in the near term.
For more information regarding the specific methodologies used in determining
estimates, refer to Use of Estimates in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
USE OF VALUATION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Fair values for certain exchange-traded derivatives, principally futures and
certain options, are based on quoted market prices. Fair values for
over-the-counter ("OTC") derivative financial instruments, principally forwards,
options, and swaps, represent amounts estimated to be received from or paid to a
third party in settlement of these instruments. Obtaining the fair value for OTC
derivative contracts requires the use of management judgment and estimates.
These derivatives are valued using pricing models based on the net present value
of estimated future cash flows, and directly observed prices from
exchange-traded derivatives, other OTC trades, or external pricing services.
New, complex instruments may have immature or limited markets. As a result,
the pricing models used for valuation often incorporate significant estimates
and assumptions, which may impact the level of precision in the financial
statements. For long-dated and illiquid contracts, extrapolation methods are
applied to observed market data in order to estimate inputs and assumptions that
are not directly observable. This enables Merrill Lynch to mark all positions
consistently when only a subset of prices are directly observable. Values for
non-exchange-traded derivatives are verified using observed information about
the costs of hedging out the risk and other trades in the market. As the markets
for these products develop, Merrill Lynch continually refines its pricing models
based on experience to correlate more closely to the market risk of these
instruments.
Merrill Lynch holds investments that may have quoted market prices but that
are subject to restrictions (e.g., consent of other investors) that may limit
Merrill Lynch's ability to realize the quoted market price. Accordingly, Merrill
Lynch estimates the fair value of these securities based on management's best
estimate which incorporates pricing models based on projected cash flows,
earnings multiples, comparisons based on similar market transactions and/or
review of underlying financial conditions and other market factors.
Valuation adjustments are an integral component of the mark-to-market
process and are taken for individual positions where either the sheer size of
the trade or other specific features of the trade or particular market (such as
counterparty credit quality or concentration or market liquidity) requires
greater attention than simple application of the pricing models.
CONSOLIDATION AND TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING SPECIAL PURPOSE ENTITIES
Special purpose entities ("SPEs") are trusts, partnerships, or corporations
established for a particular limited purpose. Merrill Lynch engages in
transactions with SPEs for a variety of reasons. Many of these SPEs are used to
facilitate the securitization of client assets whereby mortgages, loans or other
assets owned by clients are transformed into securities (securitized). SPEs are
also used to create securities with a specific risk profile desired by
investors. In the course of its normal business, Merrill Lynch, from time to
time, establishes SPEs; sells assets to SPEs; underwrites, distributes, and
makes markets in securities issued by SPEs; engages in derivative transactions
with SPEs; owns notes or certificates issued by SPEs; and provides liquidity
facilities or other guarantees to SPEs.
PAGE 39
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
Merrill Lynch follows the guidance in Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards ("SFAS") No. 140, "Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial
Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities" and Emerging Issues Task Force
("EITF") Topic D-14, "Transactions Involving Special-Purpose Entities" and EITF
Issue No. 90-15, "Impact of Nonsubstantive Lessors, Residual Value Guarantees,
and Other Provisions in Leasing Transactions" to determine whether or not an SPE
is required to be consolidated in its Consolidated Financial Statements. Many of
the SPEs with which Merrill Lynch enters into transactions meet the requirements
of qualifying special purpose entities ("QSPEs") as defined by SFAS No. 140.
Based on the requirements of SFAS No. 140, QSPEs are not consolidated by Merrill
Lynch.
Many SPEs do not qualify as QSPEs either because the SPEs' permitted
activities are not sufficiently limited, or because the SPE owns assets that are
not financial instruments, or otherwise does not meet all of the conditions of a
QSPE. In situations where Merrill Lynch is either the sponsor of the SPE or
where Merrill Lynch transfers assets to the SPE, Merrill Lynch relies on the
guidance provided by EITF Topic D-14 to determine whether consolidation of these
SPEs is required. Under this guidance, an SPE is not required to be consolidated
by a transferor or sponsor if the SPE issues equity in legal form to
unaffiliated third parties that is at least 3% of the value of the assets held
by the SPE, and the transferor or sponsor has not retained the substantive risks
and rewards of ownership of the SPE and does not have control over the
activities of the SPE. Merrill Lynch looks to a number of both qualitative and
quantitative factors in determining whether it is the sponsor of an SPE for
purposes of applying the guidance in EITF Topic D-14, and judgment is required
in making this determination.
Merrill Lynch may also act as a liquidity provider to investors in
securities issued by SPEs or enter into other guarantees related to SPEs.
Additional information regarding liquidity facilities and guarantees to SPEs is
provided in Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Merrill Lynch may
also retain interests in assets securitized by an SPE, or enter into derivative
transactions with SPEs, both of which are recorded at estimated fair value in
the financial statements. Therefore, material economic exposures to SPEs related
to these transactions are recorded or disclosed in the Consolidated Financial
Statements. Refer to Balance Sheet Captions -- Marketable Investment Securities
in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on
interests retained in securitization transactions.
In addition to the SPEs described above, Merrill Lynch has entered into
transactions with two SPEs to facilitate the financing of physical property for
its own use (facilities and aircraft). Merrill Lynch's U.S. banking subsidiaries
have also entered into transactions with SPEs in order to improve the liquidity
of mortgage portfolios and reduce credit risk of investment portfolios, which
resulted in reduced regulatory capital requirements. See Note 16 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding these
transactions.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In August 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") released SFAS
No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets," which
supersedes SFAS No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and
for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of" and the accounting and reporting
provisions of APB Opinion No. 30, "Reporting the Results of Operations --
Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a Business, and Extraordinary,
Unusual and Infrequently Occurring Events and Transactions," for the disposal of
a segment of the business as previously defined in that opinion. SFAS No. 144
also amends Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, "Consolidated Financial
Statements" to eliminate the exception to consolidation for a subsidiary for
which control is likely to be temporary. SFAS No. 144 provides guidance on the
financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived
assets. Merrill Lynch will adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 144 in the first
quarter of 2002 and has not yet determined the impact of adoption.
In July 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets." Under SFAS No. 142, intangible assets with indefinite lives and
goodwill will no longer be amortized. Instead, these assets will be tested
annually for impairment. Merrill Lynch adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 142 at
the beginning of fiscal year 2002.
SFAS No. 142 will require that Merrill Lynch perform an assessment of
whether there is an indication that goodwill is impaired as of the date of
adoption. This test is required to be completed within six months of the date of
adoption. If an indication of impairment exists, quantification of the
impairment is required to be completed as soon as possible, but no later than
the end of the year. Any impairment loss, as of the first day of fiscal year
2002, will be recognized as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting
principle in Merrill Lynch's statement of earnings upon adoption. Merrill Lynch
is currently assessing the impact of adopting this standard; annual amortization
expense related to goodwill approximated $200 million in 2001.
In July 2001, the FASB released SFAS No. 141, "Business Combinations." SFAS
No. 141 requires all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001, to be
accounted for using the purchase method. Merrill Lynch adopted the provisions of
SFAS No. 141 on July 1, 2001.
PAGE 40
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION OF FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Management of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. is responsible for preparing the
consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in this Annual
Report. The consolidated financial statements and related notes are prepared in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of
America. Other financial data included in the Annual Report are consistent with
those in the financial statements and related notes.
Management recognizes the importance of safeguarding Merrill Lynch's assets
and integrity. Therefore, Management devotes considerable attention to
understanding the risks of its businesses, promoting the highest standards of
ethical conduct, exercising responsible stewardship over Merrill Lynch's assets,
and presenting fair financial statements.
Merrill Lynch regularly reviews its framework of internal controls, taking
into account changing circumstances. Corrective actions are taken to address
control deficiencies, and other opportunities for improvement are implemented
when cost effective.
The framework of internal control includes policies, procedures, and
organizational structures that are overseen by a predominantly independent Board
of Directors. Several committees of the Board actively participate in setting
policy and overseeing controls. The Audit Committee, which consists of five
independent directors, reviews the annual Consolidated Financial Statements with
management and Merrill Lynch's independent auditors. The Audit Committee also
recommends the appointment and reviews the performance, independence and fees of
the independent auditors and the professional services they provide. The Audit
Committee also oversees Merrill Lynch's system of internal accounting controls
and the internal audit function. In addition, the Audit Committee oversees
compliance with risk management and compliance policies, procedures, and
functions.
The Finance Committee, which consists of five independent directors,
reviews, recommends, and approves policies regarding financial commitments and
other expenditures. It also reviews and approves certain financial commitments,
acquisitions, divestitures, and proprietary investments. In addition, the
Finance Committee oversees corporate funding policies as well as reviewing
procedures for implementing and adhering to such policies.
Oversight is provided by independent units within Merrill Lynch, working
together to maintain Merrill Lynch's internal control standards.
Corporate Audit reports directly to the Audit Committee, providing
independent appraisals of Merrill Lynch's internal accounting controls and
compliance with established policies and procedures.
The Finance Division establishes accounting policies and procedures,
measures and monitors financial risk, and prepares financial statements that
fairly present the underlying transactions and events of Merrill Lynch.
Corporate Risk Management is both independent from business line management and
has oversight responsibility for Merrill Lynch's market and credit risks. This
group has clear authority to enforce trading and credit limits using various
systems and procedures to monitor positions and risks.
The Office of the General Counsel serves in a counseling and advisory role
to Management and the business groups. In this role, the group develops
policies; monitors compliance with internal policies, external rules, and
industry regulations; and provides legal advice, representation, execution, and
transaction support to the businesses.
The independent auditors, Deloitte & Touche LLP, perform annual audits of
Merrill Lynch's financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
auditing standards. The independent auditors openly discuss with the Audit
Committee their views on the quality of the financial statements and related
disclosures and the adequacy of Merrill Lynch's internal accounting controls.
Quarterly review reports on the interim financial statements are also issued by
Deloitte & Touche LLP. The Board of Directors, upon the recommendation of the
Audit Committee, appoints the independent auditors each year. The independent
auditors are given unrestricted access to all financial records and related
data, including minutes of meetings of stockholders, the Board of Directors, and
committees of the Board.
/s/ David H. Komansky /s/ E. Stanley O'Neal /s/ Thomas H. Patrick
David H. Komansky E. Stanley O'Neal Thomas H. Patrick
Chairman of the Board and President and Executive Vice President and
Chief Executive Officer Chief Operating Officer Chief Financial Officer
PAGE 41
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
Deloitte
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT & Touche
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Merrill Lynch &
Co., Inc. and subsidiaries ("Merrill Lynch") as of December 28, 2001 and
December 29, 2000 and the related consolidated statements of earnings, changes
in stockholders' equity, comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 28, 2001. These financial statements
are the responsibility of Merrill Lynch's management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of Merrill Lynch at December 28,
2001 and December 29, 2000, and the results of its operations and its cash flows
for each of the three years in the period ended December 28, 2001 in conformity
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
/S/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Deloitte & Touche LLP
New York, New York
February 25, 2002
PAGE 42
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------
Year Ended Last Friday in December
-----------------------------------------
-----
2001 2000
1999
(52 weeks) (52 weeks) (53
weeks)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
NET REVENUES
Commissions $ 5,266 $ 6,977 $
6,355
Principal transactions 3,930 5,964
4,671
Investment banking
Underwriting 2,438 2,699
2,382
Strategic advisory 1,101 1,381
1,313
Asset management and portfolio service fees 5,351 5,688
4,753
Other 528 967
746
------- ------- --
-----
18,614 23,676
20,220
Interest and dividend revenues 20,143 21,176
15,112
Less interest expense 16,877 18,086
13,019
------- ------- --
-----
Net interest profit 3,266 3,090
2,093
------- ------- --
-----
Total Net Revenues 21,880 26,766
22,313
------- ------- --
-----
NON-INTEREST EXPENSES
Compensation and benefits 11,269 13,730
11,337
Communications and technology 2,232 2,320
2,053
Occupancy and related depreciation 1,077 1,006
953
Brokerage, clearing, and exchange fees 895 893
779
Advertising and market development 703 939
783
Professional fees 545 637
571
Office supplies and postage 349 404
346
Goodwill amortization 207 217
227
Other 902 903
1,058
September 11th-related 131 -
-
Restructuring and other charges 2,193 -
-
------- ------- --
-----
Total Non-Interest Expenses 20,503 21,049
18,107
------- ------- --
-----
EARNINGS BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND DIVIDENDS ON
PREFERRED SECURITIES ISSUED BY SUBSIDIARIES 1,377 5,717
4,206
Income Tax Expense 609 1,738
1,319
Dividends on Preferred Securities Issued by Subsidiaries 195 195
194
------- ------- --
-----
NET EARNINGS $ 573 $ 3,784 $
2,693
======= =======
=======
NET EARNINGS APPLICABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS $ 535 $ 3,745 $
2,654
======= =======
=======
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic $ 0.64 $ 4.69 $
3.52
======= =======
=======
Diluted $ 0.57 $ 4.11 $
3.11
======= =======
=======
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------
</TABLE>
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
PAGE 43
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------
December 28, 2001
December 29, 2000
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 11,070
$ 23,205
--------
--------
Cash and securities segregated for regulatory purposes or
deposited with clearing organizations 4,467
6,092
--------
--------
Securities financing transactions
Receivables under resale agreements 69,702
79,240
Receivables under securities borrowed transactions 54,930
35,341
--------
--------
124,632
114,581
--------
--------
Marketable investment securities 77,820
49,251
--------
--------
Trading assets, at fair value
Contractual agreements 31,040
25,614
Corporate debt and preferred stock 18,134
17,180
Equities and convertible debentures 13,923
15,425
Mortgages, mortgage-backed, and asset-backed 11,184
8,225
U.S. Government and agencies 9,445
17,270
Municipals and money markets 5,306
2,791
Non-U.S. governments and agencies 3,851
5,009
--------
--------
92,883
91,514
--------
--------
Securities pledged as collateral 12,084
9,097
--------
--------
Securities received as collateral 3,234
-
--------
--------
Other receivables
Customers (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $81 in 2001 and $68 in 2000) 39,856
41,613
Brokers and dealers 6,868
26,421
Interest and other 8,226
8,879
--------
--------
54,950
76,913
--------
--------
Investments of insurance subsidiaries 3,983
4,002
Loans, notes, and mortgages (net of allowance for loan losses of $425
in 2001 and $176 in 2000) 19,005
17,472
Other investments 5,869
4,938
Equipment and facilities (net of accumulated depreciation and
amortization of $4,910 in 2001 and $4,658 in 2000) 2,873
3,444
Goodwill (net of accumulated amortization of $924 in 2001 and $720 in 2000) 4,071
4,407
Other assets 2,478
2,284
--------
--------
TOTAL ASSETS $419,419
$407,200
========
========
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------
</TABLE>
PAGE 44
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 28, 2001 December 29, 2000
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LIABILITIES
<S> <C> <C>
Securities financing transactions
Payables under repurchase agreements $ 74,895 $ 89,901
Payables under securities loaned transactions 12,291 13,982
--------- ---------
87,186 103,883
--------- ---------
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings 5,141 15,183
--------- ---------
Deposits 85,819 67,648
--------- ---------
Trading liabilities, at fair value
Contractual agreements 36,679 30,683
U.S. Government and agencies 18,674 14,137
Equities and convertible debentures 9,911 10,387
Non-U.S. governments and agencies 5,857 7,135
Corporate debt, municipals, and preferred stock 4,796 6,515
--------- ---------
75,917 68,857
--------- ---------
Obligation to return securities received as collateral 3,234 -
--------- ---------
Other payables
Customers 28,704 24,762
Brokers and dealers 11,932 9,514
Interest and other 18,474 22,204
--------- ---------
59,110 56,480
--------- ---------
Liabilities of insurance subsidiaries 3,737 3,908
Long-term borrowings 76,572 70,223
--------- ---------
TOTAL LIABILITIES 396,716 386,182
--------- ---------
PREFERRED SECURITIES ISSUED BY SUBSIDIARIES 2,695 2,714
--------- ---------
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred Stockholders' Equity (42,500 shares issued and outstanding,
liquidation preference $10,000 per share) 425 425
--------- ---------
Common Stockholders' Equity
Shares exchangeable into common stock 62 68
Common stock (par value $1.33 1/3 per share; authorized:
3,000,000,000 shares; issued: 2001 and 2000-- 1,283 1,283
962,533,498 shares)
Paid-in capital 4,209 2,843
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (net of tax) (368) (345)
Retained earnings 16,150 16,156
--------- ---------
21,336 20,005
Less: Treasury stock at cost (2001 -- 119,059,651 shares;
2000 -- 154,578,945 shares) 977 1,273
Unamortized employee stock grants 776 853
--------- ---------
Total Common Stockholders' Equity 19,583 17,879
--------- ---------
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY 20,008 18,304
--------- ---------
TOTAL LIABILITIES, PREFERRED SECURITIES ISSUED BY SUBSIDIARIES,
AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $ 419,419 $ 407,200
========= =========
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
PAGE 45
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(dollars in millions)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------
Year Ended Last Friday in December
--------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------
Amounts
Shares
------------------------------- -------------------------
-----------------
2001 2000 1999 2001 2000
1999
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
<C>
PREFERRED STOCK, Balance, beginning and
end of year $ 425 $ 425 $ 425 42,500 42,500
42,500
===== ====== ====== ============ ============
============
COMMON STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Shares Exchangeable into Common Stock
Balance, beginning of year 68 118 133 4,654,378 8,018,698
9,011,530
Exchanges (6) (50) (15) (458,971) (3,364,320)
(992,832)
----- ------ ------ ------------ -----------
- ------------
Balance, end of year 62 68 118 4,195,407 4,654,378
8,018,698
===== ====== ====== ============ ============
============
Common Stock
Balance, beginning of year 1,283 1,286 1,286 962,533,498 964,779,105
964,428,711
Shares issued to employees - - - - 203,483
350,394
Shares retired - (3) - -
(2,449,090) -
----- ------ ------ ------------ -----------
- ------------
Balance, end of year 1,283 1,283 1,286 962,533,498 962,533,498
964,779,105
===== ====== ====== ============ ============
============
Paid-in Capital
Balance, beginning of year 2,843 1,156 711
Shares issued to employees 1,366 1,686 440
Other - 16 5
Shares retired - (15) -
------- ------- -------
Balance, end of year 4,209 2,843 1,156
======= ======= =======
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment
(net of tax)
Balance, beginning of year (309) (302) (138)
Translation adjustment 7 (7) (164)
------- ------- -------
Balance, end of year (302) (309) (302)
======= ======= =======
Net Unrealized Losses on Available-for-Sale
Securities (net of tax)
Balance, beginning of year (36) (88) 16
Net unrealized gains (losses) on
available-for-sale securities (70) 110 (223)
Other adjustments(a) 14 (58) 119
------- ------- -------
Balance, end of year (92) (36) (88)
======= ======= =======
Deferred Gains on Cash Flow Hedges
(net of tax)
Balance, beginning of year - - -
Net deferred gains on cash flow hedges 151 - -
Net reclassification adjustment to
earnings (115) - -
------- ------- -------
Balance, end of year 36 - -
======= ======= =======
Minimum Pension Liability
Balance, beginning of year - - -
Minimum pension liability adjustment (10) - -
------- ------- -------
Balance, end of year (10) - -
------- ------- -------
Balance, end of year (368) (345) (390)
======= ======= =======
Retained Earnings
Balance, beginning of year 16,156 12,887 10,620
Net earnings 573 3,784 2,693
9% Cumulative Preferred stock dividends
declared (38) (39) (39)
Common stock dividends declared (541) (476) (387)
------- ------- -------
Balance, end of year 16,150 16,156 12,887
======= ======= =======
Treasury Stock, at cost
Balance, beginning of year (1,273) (1,835) (2,113) (154,578,945) (212,278,192)
(234,447,670)
Shares issued to employees(b) 291 488 267 35,060,323 51,885,837
21,176,646
Other 5 56 11 458,971 3,364,320
992,832
Shares retired - 18 - - 2,449,090
-
------- ------- ------- ------------ -----------
- ------------
Balance, end of year (977) (1,273) (1,835) (119,059,651) (154,578,945)
(212,278,192)
======= ======= ======= ============ ============
============
Unamortized Employee Stock Grants
Balance, beginning of year (853) (643) (676)
Net issuance of employee stock grants (720) (709) (380)
Amortization of employee stock grants 797 510 407
Other - (11) 6
------- ------- -------
Balance, end of year (776) (853) (643)
------- ------- -------
TOTAL COMMON STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY 19,583 17,879 12,579
------- ------- -------
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $20,008 $18,304 $13,004
======= ======= =======
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------
</TABLE>
(a) Other adjustments relate to policyholder liabilities, deferred policy
acquisition costs, and income taxes.
(b) Shares are net of reacquisitions from employees of 4,756,694; 1,139,116;
and 1,037,982 in 2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively.
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
PAGE 46
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(dollars in millions)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended Last Friday in December
---------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
NET EARNINGS $ 573 $ 3,784 $ 2,693
------- ------- -------
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustment:
Foreign currency translation gains (losses) 127 127 (116)
Income tax expense (120) (134) (48)
------- ------- -------
Total 7 (7) (164)
------- ------- -------
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment
securities available-for-sale:
Net unrealized holding gains (losses)
arising during the period (51) 236 (229)
Reclassification adjustment for realized (gains) losses
included in net earnings (19) (126) 6
------- ------- -------
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities
available-for-sale (70) 110 (223)
Adjustments for:
Policyholder liabilities (10) (15) 35
Deferred policy acquisition costs (13) (20) 35
Income tax (expense) benefit 37 (23) 49
------- ------- -------
Total (56) 52 (104)
------- ------- -------
Deferred gains on cash flow hedges 36 - -
Minimum pension liability (10) - -
------- ------- -------
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (23) 45 (268)
------- ------- -------
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME $ 550 $ 3,829 $ 2,425
======= ======= =======
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
PAGE 47
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in millions)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
YEAR ENDED LAST FRIDAY IN DECEMBER
--------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net Earnings $ 573 $ 3,784 $ 2,693
Noncash items included in earnings:
Depreciation and amortization 888 846 723
Amortization of stock-based compensation 797 510 407
Deferred taxes (783) 202 (91)
Policyholder reserves 183 193 205
Goodwill amortization 207 217 227
Amortization of debt discount 327 152 54
Restructuring and other charges 491 - -
Other (38) (375) 547
CHANGES IN OPERATING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES(a):
Trading assets and securities pledged as
collateral (4,378) (4,236) 4,153
Cash and securities segregated for regulatory
purposes or deposited with clearing organizations 1,625 (14) 690
Receivables under resale agreements 9,538 (22,399) (6,652)
Receivables under securities borrowed transactions (19,589) 7,098 (4,507)
Customer receivables 1,741 (1,607) (10,371)
Brokers and dealers receivables 19,553 (17,217) (296)
Trading liabilities 7,060 1,581 3,538
Payables under repurchase agreements (15,006) 24,947 5,453
Payables under securities loaned transactions (1,691) 6,725 (757)
Customer payables 3,942 1,596 624
Brokers and dealers payables 2,418 (1,925) 3,531
Other, net (1,437) 1,226 709
-------- -------- --------
CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES 6,421 1,304 880
-------- -------- --------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from (payments for):
Maturities of available-for-sale securities 33,135 10,643 4,155
Sales of available-for-sale securities 14,138 7,036 3,071
Purchases of available-for-sale securities (76,201) (57,822) (11,802)
Maturities of held-to-maturity securities 811 822 995
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities (757) (634) (1,015)
Loans, notes, and mortgages (1,882) (6,303) (3,541)
Proceeds from sale of business 344 - -
Other investments and other assets (801) (587) (876)
Equipment and facilities (663) (1,150) (1,090)
-------- -------- --------
CASH USED FOR INVESTING ACTIVITIES (31,876) (47,995) (10,103)
-------- -------- --------
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from (payments for):
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings (10,042) (10,413) 6,917
Deposits 18,171 50,046 5,141
Issuance and resale of long-term borrowings 38,454 33,687 15,601
Settlement and repurchase of long-term borrowings (32,827) (15,719) (18,600)
Issuance of subsidiaries' preferred securities - - 98
Issuance of treasury stock 515 658 212
Other common stock transactions (372) (3) (203)
Dividends (579) (515) (426)
-------- -------- --------
CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES 13,320 57,741 8,740
-------- -------- --------
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (12,135) 11,050 (483)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR 23,205 12,155 12,638
-------- -------- --------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR $ 11,070 $ 23,205 $ 12,155
-------- -------- --------
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(a) Net of effects of acquisitions and divestitures.
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES
Cash paid for:
Income taxes $ 887 $ 641 $ 669
Interest 18,042 17,311 13,125
</TABLE>
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
PAGE 48
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS
<S> <C>
49 Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 68 Note 10. Preferred Securities Issued by
Subsidiaries
59 Note 2. Other Significant Events 68 Note 11. Stockholders' Equity and
60 Note 3. Segment and Geographic Information Earnings Per Share
62 Note 4. Securities Financing Transactions 70 Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies
62 Note 5. Investments 71 Note 13. Employee Benefit Plans
63 Note 6. Trading Assets and Liabilities 74 Note 14. Employee Incentive Plans
66 Note 7. Loans, Notes, and Mortgages 77 Note 15. Income Taxes
66 Note 8. Commercial Paper and Short- and 77 Note 16. Regulatory Requirements and
Long-Term Borrowings Dividend Restrictions
68 Note 9. Deposits
</TABLE>
Merrill Lynch Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
- ---------------------------------
NOTE 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. ("ML & Co.") provides investment, financing,
insurance, and related services to individuals and institutions on a global
basis through its broker, dealer, banking, insurance, and other financial
services subsidiaries. Its principal subsidiaries include:
. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated ("MLPF&S"), a U.S.-based
broker-dealer in securities and futures commission merchant;
. Merrill Lynch International ("MLI"), a U.K.-based broker-dealer in securities
and dealer in equity derivatives;
. Merrill Lynch Government Securities Inc. ("MLGSI"), a U.S.-based dealer in
U.S. Government securities;
. Merrill Lynch Capital Services, Inc., a U.S.-based dealer in interest rate,
currency, and credit derivatives;
. Merrill Lynch Investment Managers, LP, a U.S.-based asset management company;
. Merrill Lynch Investment Managers Limited, a U.K.-based asset management
company;
. Merrill Lynch Bank USA ("MLBUSA"), a U.S.-based FDIC-insured depository;
. Merrill Lynch Bank & Trust Co. ("MLB&T"), a U.S.-based FDIC-insured
depository;
. Merrill Lynch International Bank Limited, a U.K.-based bank;
. Merrill Lynch Capital Markets Bank Limited, an Ireland-based bank;
. Merrill Lynch Japan Securities Co., Ltd., a Japan-based broker-dealer;
. Merrill Lynch Canada, Inc., a Canada-based broker-dealer; and
. Merrill Lynch Insurance Group, Inc., a U.S.-based provider of life insurance
and annuity products.
Services provided to clients by ML & Co. and subsidiaries (collectively,
"Merrill Lynch") include:
. securities brokerage, trading, and underwriting;
. investment banking, strategic services (including mergers and acquisitions),
and other corporate finance advisory activities;
. asset management;
. origination, brokerage, dealer, and related activities in swaps, options,
forwards, exchange-traded futures, other derivatives, and foreign exchange
products;
. securities clearance and settlement services;
. equity, debt, foreign exchange, and economic research;
. private equity investing activities;
. banking, trust, and lending services, including commercial and mortgage
lending and related services;
. insurance underwriting and sales; and
. investment advisory and related recordkeeping services.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Merrill Lynch and
are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America which include industry practices. All material
intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Certain reclassifications and format changes have been made to prior year
amounts to conform to the current year presentation. All 1999 amounts have been
restated to reflect the 2000 merger of Herzog, Heine, Geduld, Inc. ("Herzog")
with Merrill Lynch, which was accounted for as a pooling-of-interests (see
Note 2 for further information).
On April 1, 2001, Merrill Lynch completed the adoption of the provisions of
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 140, "Accounting for
Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities"
that were required to be adopted as of this date. These provisions changed the
accounting for certain securities lending transactions. Under the new
provisions, when Merrill
PAGE 49
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
Lynch acts as the lender in a securities lending agreement and receives
securities as collateral that can be pledged or sold, it recognizes on the
Consolidated Balance Sheet the securities received and an obligation to return
those securities. Accordingly, the Consolidated Balance Sheet separately
reflects these assets and liabilities as Securities received as collateral and
Obligation to return securities received as collateral, respectively. SFAS No.
140 does not require comparative information for prior periods. In addition,
this standard revised the accounting for securitizations and other transfers of
financial assets and collateral. This guidance clarifies and further restricts
the requirements for recording a transfer of financial assets as a sale. Under
this guidance, the accounting for transfers to Special Purpose Entities ("SPEs")
that were established prior to April 1, 2001, and that met the sale requirements
of SFAS No. 125, "Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and
Extinguishments of Liabilities," and related guidance, is not affected by the
provisions of SFAS No. 140 as long as no additional assets are transferred into
the SPE and no additional beneficial interests are issued by the SPE. As such,
the adoption of this aspect of the guidance had no material effect on the
financial condition of Merrill Lynch. (See Consolidation and Transactions
Involving Special Purpose Entities section for additional information regarding
SPEs.)
The Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in U.S. dollars. Many
non-U.S. subsidiaries have a functional currency (i.e., the currency in which
activities are primarily conducted) that is other than the U.S. dollar, often
the currency of the country in which a subsidiary is domiciled. Subsidiaries'
assets and liabilities are translated to U.S. dollars at year-end exchange
rates, while revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates
during the year. Adjustments that result from translating amounts in a
subsidiary's functional currency and related hedging, net of related tax
effects, are reported in stockholders' equity as a component of Accumulated
other comprehensive loss. All other translation adjustments are included in
earnings. Merrill Lynch also uses derivatives to manage the currency exposure
arising from investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries. (See the Derivatives section
for additional information on accounting for derivatives.)
USE OF ESTIMATES
In presenting the Consolidated Financial Statements, management makes estimates
regarding certain trading inventory valuations, the outcome of litigation, the
carrying amount of goodwill, the allowance for loan losses, the realization of
deferred tax assets, recovery of insurance deferred acquisition costs, September
11th-related insurance recoveries, restructuring and other charges, and other
matters that affect the reported amounts and disclosure of contingencies in the
financial statements. Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgment and
available information. Therefore, actual results could differ from those
estimates and could have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial
Statements and it is possible that such changes could occur in the near term. A
discussion of the areas in which estimates are a significant component of the
amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements follows:
Trading Assets and Liabilities
Fair values of trading securities are based on quoted market prices, pricing
models (utilizing indicators of general market conditions and other economic
measurements), or management's estimates of amounts to be realized on
settlement, assuming current market conditions and an orderly disposition over a
reasonable period of time. Estimating the fair value of certain illiquid
securities requires significant management judgment. Merrill Lynch values
trading security assets at the institutional bid price and recognizes bid-offer
revenues when assets are sold. Trading security liabilities are valued at the
institutional offer price and bid-offer revenues are recognized when the
positions are closed.
Fair values for over-the-counter ("OTC") derivative financial instruments,
principally forwards, options, and swaps, represent amounts estimated to be
received from or paid to a third party in settlement of these instruments.
Obtaining the fair value for OTC derivatives contracts requires the use of
management judgment and estimates. These derivatives are valued using pricing
models based on the net present value of estimated future cash flows and
directly observed prices from exchange-traded derivatives, other OTC trades, or
external pricing services.
New, complex instruments may have immature or limited markets. As a result,
the pricing models used for valuation often incorporate significant estimates
and assumptions, which may impact the level of precision in the financial
statements. For long-dated and illiquid contracts, extrapolation methods are
applied to observed market data in order to estimate inputs and assumptions that
are not directly observable. This enables Merrill Lynch to mark all positions
consistently when only a subset of prices are directly observable. Values for
non-exchange-traded derivatives are verified using observed information about
the costs of hedging out the risk and other trades in the market. As the markets
for these products develop, Merrill Lynch continually refines its pricing models
based on experience to correlate more closely to the market risk of these
instruments.
Valuation adjustments are an integral component of the mark-to-market
process and are taken for individual positions where either the sheer size of
the trade or other specific features of the trade or particular market (such as
counterparty credit quality or concentration or market liquidity) requires
greater attention than simple application of the pricing models.
Restricted Investments
Merrill Lynch holds investments that may have quoted market prices but that are
subject to restrictions (e.g., consent of other investors) that may limit
Merrill Lynch's ability to realize the quoted market price. Accordingly, Merrill
Lynch estimates the fair value of these securities taking into
PAGE 50
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
account the restrictions using pricing models based on projected cash flows,
earnings multiples, comparisons based on similar transactions, and/or review of
underlying financial conditions and other market factors. Such estimation may
result in a fair value for a security that is less than its quoted market price.
Valuation Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the effects of temporary
differences between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its reported
amount in the financial statements. Merrill Lynch assesses its ability to
realize deferred tax assets primarily based on the earnings history of the legal
entities to which the deferred tax assets are attributable and the absence of
negative evidence as discussed in SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes,"
such as circumstances that if unfavorably resolved would adversely affect future
operations or profit levels or a history of tax credit carryforwards expiring
unused.
Allowance for Loan Losses
The provision for loan losses is based on management's estimate of the amount
necessary to maintain the allowance at a level adequate to absorb probable loan
losses. Management's estimate of loan losses is influenced by many factors,
including adverse situations that may affect the borrower's ability to repay,
current economic conditions, prior loan loss experience and the estimated value
of any underlying collateral. The fair value of collateral is generally
determined by third party appraisals in the case of residential mortgages,
quoted market prices for securities and estimates of fair value for other
assets. Management's estimate of loan losses include considerable judgment about
collectibility based on available facts and evidence at the balance sheet date,
and the uncertainties inherent in those assumptions. While management uses the
best information available on which to base its estimates, future adjustments to
the allowance may be necessary based on changes in the economic environment or
variances between actual results and the original assumptions used by
management.
Deferred Acquisition Costs Relating to Insurance Policies
Deferred insurance policy acquisition costs are amortized in proportion to the
estimated future gross profits for each group of contracts over the anticipated
life of the insurance contracts utilizing an effective yield methodology. These
future gross profit estimates are subject to periodic evaluation by the Company,
with necessary revisions applied against amortization to date.
Legal and Other Reserves
Merrill Lynch is a party in various actions, some of which involve claims for
substantial amounts. Amounts are accrued for the financial resolution of claims
which have either been asserted or are deemed probable of assertion, and are
subject to significant estimation by management and outside counsel. Accruals
for other reserves are also subject to significant estimation.
CONSOLIDATION AND TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING SPECIAL PURPOSE ENTITIES
SPEs are trusts, partnerships, or corporations established for a particular
limited purpose. Merrill Lynch engages in transactions with SPEs for a variety
of reasons. Many of these SPEs are used to facilitate the securitization of
client assets whereby mortgages or loans owned by clients are transformed into
securities (securitized). SPEs are also used to create securities with a
specific risk profile desired by investors. Merrill Lynch, from time to time,
establishes SPEs; sells assets to SPEs; underwrites, distributes, and makes
markets in securities issued by SPEs; engages in derivative transactions with
SPEs; owns notes or certificates issued by SPEs; and provides liquidity
facilities or other guarantees to SPEs.
Merrill Lynch follows the guidance in SFAS No. 140 and Emerging Issues
Tasks Force ("EITF") Topic D-14, "Transactions Involving Special-Purpose
Entities" and EITF Issue No. 90-15, "Impact of Nonsubstantive Lessors, Residual
Value Guarantees, and Other Provisions in Leasing Transactions" to determine
whether or not an SPE is required to be consolidated in its Consolidated
Financial Statements. Many of the SPEs with which Merrill Lynch enters into
transactions meet the requirements of qualifying special purpose entities
("QSPEs") as defined by SFAS No. 140. Based on the requirements of SFAS No. 140,
QSPEs are not consolidated by Merrill Lynch.
Many SPEs do not qualify as QSPEs either because the SPEs' permitted
activities are not sufficiently limited, or because the SPE owns assets that are
not financial instruments, or otherwise does not meet all of the conditions of a
QSPE. In situations where Merrill Lynch is either the sponsor of the SPE or
where Merrill Lynch transfers assets to the SPE, Merrill Lynch relies on the
guidance provided by EITF Topic D-14 to determine whether consolidation of these
SPEs is required. Under this guidance, an SPE is not required to be consolidated
by a transferor or sponsor if the SPE issues equity in legal form to
unaffiliated third parties that is at least 3% of the value of the assets held
by the SPE, and the transferor or sponsor has not retained the substantive risks
and rewards of ownership of the SPE and does not have control over the
activities of the SPE. Merrill Lynch looks to a number of both qualitative and
quantitative factors in determining whether it is the sponsor of an SPE for
purposes of applying the guidance in EITF Topic D-14, and judgment is required
in making this determination.
Merrill Lynch may also act as a liquidity provider to investors in
securities issued by SPEs or enter into other guarantees related to SPEs.
Additional information regarding liquidity facilities and guarantees to SPEs is
provided in Note 12 -- Commitments and Contingencies. Merrill Lynch may also
retain interests in assets securitized by an SPE, or enter into derivative
transactions with SPEs, both of which
PAGE 51
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
are recorded at estimated fair value in the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Therefore, material economic exposures to SPEs related to these transactions are
recorded or disclosed in the financial statements. Refer to Marketable
Investment Securities section for more information on interests retained in
securitization transactions.
In addition to the SPEs described above, Merrill Lynch has entered into
transactions with SPEs to facilitate the financing of physical property for its
own use (facilities and aircraft). The physical property is purchased or
constructed by the SPE and leased to Merrill Lynch. For these structures,
Merrill Lynch follows the guidance in EITF Issue No. 90-15 and EITF Issue No.
97-10, "The Effect of Lessee Involvement in Asset Construction," to determine
whether or not consolidation of the SPE is required. Under this guidance, a
company that leases property from an SPE is not required to consolidate that SPE
if, among other conditions, a third-party investor has made a substantive
residual equity capital investment in the SPE that is at risk during the entire
term of the lease. Substantive residual equity capital is currently defined as
amounting to at least 3% of the value of the assets held by the SPE. Merrill
Lynch has met the requirements of EITF Issues No. 90-15 and 97-10 for these SPEs
and accordingly, these SPEs are not consolidated in the Consolidated Financial
Statements. See Note 12 -- Commitments and Contingencies, for additional detail
regarding these transactions.
Merrill Lynch's U.S. banking subsidiaries have also entered into
transactions with SPEs in order to improve the liquidity of mortgage portfolios
and reduce credit risk of investment portfolios, which resulted in reduced
regulatory capital requirements. Refer to Note 16 -- Regulatory Requirements and
Dividend Restrictions for more information regarding these transactions.
FAIR VALUE
At December 28, 2001, $384 billion, or 91%, of Merrill Lynch's total assets and
$304 billion, or 77%, of Merrill Lynch's total liabilities were carried at fair
value or at amounts that approximate fair value. At December 29, 2000, $371
billion, or 91%, of Merrill Lynch's total assets and $298 billion, or 77%, of
Merrill Lynch's total liabilities were carried at fair value or at amounts that
approximate such values. Financial instruments that are carried at fair value
include cash and cash equivalents, cash segregated for regulatory purposes or
deposited with clearing organizations, trading assets and liabilities,
available-for-sale and trading securities included in marketable investment
securities, certain investments of insurance subsidiaries and certain other
investments.
Financial instruments recorded at amounts that approximate fair value
include receivables under resale agreements, receivables under securities
borrowed transactions, other receivables, payables under repurchase agreements,
payables under securities loaned transactions, commercial paper and other
short-term borrowings, deposits, and other payables. The fair value of these
items is not materially sensitive to shifts in market interest rates because of
the limited term to maturity of many of these instruments and/or their variable
interest rates. Of the remaining liabilities not at fair value, the majority
relate to Merrill Lynch's borrowings, which are generally issued or swapped to a
floating rate.
The fair value amounts for financial instruments are disclosed in each
respective footnote.
SECURITIES ACCOUNTING
Merrill Lynch generally follows the guidance prescribed by SFAS No. 115,
"Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities," when
accounting for investment securities. Merrill Lynch classifies those debt
securities that it has the intent and ability to hold to maturity as
held-to-maturity securities, which are carried at cost unless a decline in value
is deemed other than temporary, in which case, the carrying value is reduced.
Those securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling
them in the near-term are classified as trading and marked to fair value through
earnings. All other securities are classified as available-for-sale with
unrealized gains and losses reported in stockholders' equity. Securities held by
a broker-dealer subsidiary are subject to specialized industry guidance as
prescribed by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Audit and
Accounting Guide, Brokers and Dealers in Securities. Merrill Lynch accounts for
substantially all securities held by a broker-dealer subsidiary at fair value
with realized and unrealized gains and losses reported in earnings.
INVESTMENT BANKING AND ADVISORY SERVICES
Underwriting revenues and fees for merger and acquisition advisory services are
accrued when services for the transactions are substantially completed.
Transaction-related expenses are deferred to match revenue recognition.
Investment banking and advisory services revenues are presented net of
transaction-related expenses.
BALANCE SHEET CAPTIONS
The following are policies related to specific balance sheet captions. Refer to
the related footnotes for additional information.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Merrill Lynch defines cash equivalents as short-term, highly liquid securities
and interest-earning deposits with original maturities of 90 days or less, other
than those used for trading purposes. For purposes of the Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows, cash flows from trading derivatives are classified in
operating activities.
Cash and Securities Segregated for Regulatory Purposes or Deposited with
Clearing Organizations
Cash and securities segregated for regulatory purposes or deposited with
clearing organizations contain cash and securities segregated in compliance with
federal and other
PAGE 52
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
regulations and represent funds deposited by customers and funds accruing to
customers as a result of trades or contracts. Also included are funds segregated
in a special reserve account for the benefit of customers under Rule 15c3-3 of
the Securities and Exchange Commission as well as funds segregated and held in
separate accounts in accordance with Section 4d(2) and Regulation 30.7 of the
Commodity Exchange Act.
Securities Financing Transactions
Merrill Lynch enters into repurchase and resale agreements and securities
borrowed and loaned transactions to accommodate customers (also referred to as
"matched-book transactions"), finance firm inventory positions, and obtain
securities for settlement. Merrill Lynch also engages in securities financing
for customers through margin lending (see Customer Receivables and Payables
section).
Resale and repurchase agreements are accounted for as collateralized
financing transactions and are recorded at their contractual amounts plus
accrued interest. Merrill Lynch's policy is to obtain possession of collateral
with a market value equal to or in excess of the principal amount loaned under
resale agreements. To ensure that the market value of the underlying collateral
remains sufficient, collateral is valued daily, and Merrill Lynch may require
counterparties to deposit additional collateral or return collateral pledged,
when appropriate. Substantially all repurchase and resale activities are
transacted under master netting agreements that give Merrill Lynch the right, in
the event of default, to liquidate collateral held and to offset receivables and
payables with the same counterparty. Merrill Lynch offsets certain repurchase
and resale agreement balances with the same counterparty on the Consolidated
Balance Sheets.
Securities borrowed and loaned transactions are recorded at the amount of
cash collateral advanced or received. Securities borrowed transactions require
Merrill Lynch to provide the counterparty with collateral in the form of cash,
letters of credit, or other securities. Merrill Lynch receives collateral in the
form of cash or other securities for securities loaned transactions. For these
transactions, the fees received or paid by Merrill Lynch are recorded as
interest revenue or expense. On a daily basis, Merrill Lynch monitors the market
value of securities borrowed or loaned against the collateral value. Although
substantially all securities borrowing and lending activities are transacted
under master netting agreements, such receivables and payables with the same
counterparty are not set off on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
On the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 28, 2001 and December 29,
2000, all firm-owned securities pledged to counterparties where the counterparty
has the right, by contract or custom, to sell or repledge the securities are
classified as Securities pledged as collateral as required by SFAS No. 140.
On the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 28, 2001, transactions
where Merrill Lynch acts as the lender in a securities lending agreement and
receives securities as collateral that can be pledged or sold are recognized as
Securities received as collateral and an Obligation to return securities
received as collateral.
Interest rate swaps may be used to modify the interest rate characteristics
of long-term resale and repurchase agreements. (See the Derivatives section for
additional information on accounting policy for derivatives.)
Marketable Investment Securities
Merrill Lynch's non-broker-dealer subsidiaries hold debt and equity investments,
which are primarily classified as available-for-sale.
Debt and marketable equity securities classified as available-for-sale are
reported at fair value. Unrealized gains or losses on these securities are
reported in stockholders' equity as a component of Accumulated other
comprehensive loss, net of applicable income taxes and other related items. Any
unrealized losses deemed other than temporary are included in current period
earnings.
Debt securities that Merrill Lynch has the positive intent and ability to
hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity. These investments are
recorded at amortized cost unless a decline in value is deemed other than
temporary, in which case the carrying value is reduced. The amortization of
premiums or accretion of discounts and any unrealized losses deemed other than
temporary are included in current period earnings.
Debt and marketable equity securities purchased principally for the purpose
of resale in the near-term are classified as trading investments and are
reported at fair value. Unrealized gains or losses on these investments are
included in current period earnings.
Realized gains and losses on investments are included in current period
earnings. The cost basis of each investment sold is specifically identified for
purposes of computing realized gains and losses.
Merrill Lynch securitizes commercial and residential mortgage and home
equity loans, government and corporate bonds, and lease and trade receivables.
Merrill Lynch may retain an interest in the securitized assets in the form of
residual interests or one or more subordinated tranches. The gain or loss on
sale of the receivables is determined with reference to the previous carrying
amount of the financial assets transferred, which is allocated between the
assets sold and the retained interests, if any, based on their relative fair
value at the date of transfer. To obtain fair values, quoted market prices are
used if available. Where quotes are unavailable for retained interests, Merrill
Lynch generally estimates fair value initially and on an on-going basis based on
the present value of expected future cash flows using management's best
estimates of the key assumptions, including credit losses, prepayment rates,
forward yield curves, and discount rates, commensurate with the risks involved.
Retained interests categorized as available-for-sale are reported in Other
Investments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note 5 -- Investments).
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Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
Retained interests in securitized receivables were not material at December 28,
2001 and December 29, 2000. In 2001 and 2000, cash proceeds from securitizations
totaled $12.3 billion and $26.6 billion, respectively, related to the following
asset types:
(dollars in millions)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
Asset category
Municipal bonds $ 7,402 $ 7,830
Residential mortgage loans 2,833 14,306
Corporate and government bonds 1,262 4,419
Commercial loans 810 -
-------- --------
$ 12,307 $ 26,555
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
In 2001, Merrill Lynch recognized pre-tax gains of $18 million from the
securitization of residential mortgage loans, and $28 million from the
securitization of corporate and government bonds.
Trading Assets and Liabilities
Merrill Lynch's trading activities consist primarily of securities brokerage,
trading, and underwriting; derivatives dealing and brokerage; and securities
financing transactions. Trading assets and trading liabilities consist of cash
instruments (such as securities) and derivative instruments used for trading
purposes or for managing risk exposures in other trading inventory. (See the
Derivatives section for additional information on accounting policy for
derivatives.)
Trading securities and other cash instruments (e.g., loans held for trading
purposes) are recorded on a trade date basis at fair value. Included in trading
liabilities are securities that Merrill Lynch has sold but did not own and will
therefore be obligated to purchase at a future date ("short sales"). Changes in
fair value (i.e., unrealized gains and losses) are recognized as principal
transactions in the current period. Realized gains and losses and any related
interest amounts are included in principal transactions revenues and interest
revenues and expenses, depending on the nature of the instrument.
Fair values of trading securities are based on quoted market prices,
pricing models (utilizing indicators of general market conditions or other
economic measurements), or management's estimates of amounts to be realized on
settlement, assuming current market conditions and an orderly disposition over a
reasonable period of time. As previously noted, estimating the fair value of
long-dated derivative contracts and illiquid securities requires significant
management judgment.
Derivatives
A derivative is an instrument whose value is "derived" from an underlying
instrument or index such as a future, forward, swap, or option contract, or
other financial instrument with similar characteristics. Derivative contracts
often involve future commitments to exchange interest payment streams or
currencies based on a notional or contractual amount (e.g., interest rate swaps
or currency forwards) or to purchase or sell other financial instruments at
specified terms on a specified date (e.g., options to buy or sell securities or
currencies).
The fair value of all derivatives is recorded on a net-by-counterparty
basis on the Consolidated Balance Sheets where management believes a legal right
of setoff exists under an enforceable netting agreement.
Valuation of Derivatives
Fair values for certain exchange-traded derivatives, principally futures and
certain options, are based on quoted market prices. Fair values for OTC
derivative financial instruments, principally forwards, options, and swaps,
represent amounts estimated to be received from or paid to a third party in
settlement of these instruments. These derivatives are valued using pricing
models based on the net present value of estimated future cash flows and
directly observed prices from exchange-traded derivatives, other OTC trades, or
external pricing services.
New, complex instruments may have immature or limited markets. As a result,
the pricing models used for valuation often incorporate significant estimates
and assumptions, which may impact the level of precision in the financial
statements. For long-dated and illiquid contracts, extrapolation methods are
applied to observed market data in order to estimate inputs and assumptions that
are not directly observable. This enables Merrill Lynch to mark all positions
consistently when only a subset of prices are directly observable. Values for
non-exchange-traded derivatives are verified using observed information about
the costs of hedging out the risk and other trades in the market. As the markets
for these products develop, Merrill Lynch continually refines its pricing models
based on experience to correlate more closely to the market risk of these
instruments.
Valuation adjustments are an integral component of the mark-to-market
process and are taken for individual positions where either the sheer size of
the trade or other specific features of the trade or particular market (such as
counterparty credit quality or concentration or market liquidity) requires
greater attention than simple application of the pricing models.
Use of Derivatives
Merrill Lynch enters into derivatives in a dealing capacity, providing them to
clients and entering into them for proprietary trading and financing strategies
and to manage its risk exposures arising from trading assets and liabilities. As
a result of these hedging techniques, a significant portion of trading assets
and liabilities represents hedges of other trading positions.
Merrill Lynch also enters into derivatives in a non-dealing capacity, to
manage its risk exposures arising from non-trading assets and liabilities.
Merrill Lynch routinely issues debt in a variety of maturities and currencies to
achieve the lowest cost financing possible. Merrill Lynch uses derivative
transactions to more closely match the duration of these borrowings to the
duration of the assets being funded to
PAGE 54
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
minimize interest rate risk. Merrill Lynch also enters into currency swaps to
ensure that non-U.S. dollar-denominated assets are funded with
like-currency-denominated liabilities (to the extent that the currency cannot be
sourced more efficiently through a direct debt issuance). Derivatives used most
frequently include swap agreements that:
. Convert fixed rate interest payments into variable payments
. Change the underlying interest rate basis or reset frequency
. Convert non-U.S. dollar payments into U.S. dollars.
In addition, Merrill Lynch enters into hedges on marketable investment
securities to manage the interest rate risk and net duration of the investment
portfolio.
Merrill Lynch also uses forward-exchange contracts, currency swaps, and
foreign-currency-denominated debt to hedge its net investments in foreign
operations. These derivatives and cash instruments are used to mitigate the
impact of adverse movements in exchange rates.
Risk Management of Derivatives
Derivative activity is subject to Merrill Lynch's overall risk management
policies and procedures. In the course of conducting its business operations,
Merrill Lynch is exposed to a variety of risks. These risks include market,
credit, liquidity, process, and other risks that are material and require
comprehensive controls and management. (See Note 6 -- Trading Assets and
Liabilities, Market Risk and Credit Risk sections). The Corporate Risk
Management ("CRM") group, along with other control units, ensures that these
risks are properly identified, monitored, and managed throughout Merrill Lynch.
To accomplish this, CRM has established a risk management process which
includes:
. A formal risk governance organization that defines the oversight process
and its components.
. A regular review of the entire risk management process by the Audit Committee
of the Board of Directors.
. Clearly defined risk management policies and procedures supported by
analytic tools.
. Communication and coordination between the business, executive, and risk
functions while maintaining strict segregation of responsibilities, controls,
and oversight.
. Clearly articulated risk tolerance levels as defined by a group composed of
executive management that are regularly reviewed to ensure that Merrill
Lynch's risk-taking is consistent with its business strategy, capital
structure, and current and anticipated market conditions.
The risk management process, combined with CRM's personnel and analytic
infrastructure, works to ensure that Merrill Lynch's risk tolerance is
well-defined and understood by the firm's risk-takers as well as by its
executive management. Other groups, including Corporate Audit, Finance, Legal,
and Treasury, work with CRM to establish this overall risk management control
process. While no risk management system can ever be absolutely complete, the
goal of CRM is to make certain that risk-related losses occur within acceptable,
predefined levels.
Accounting for Derivatives and Hedging Activities
On the first day of fiscal year 2001, Merrill Lynch adopted the provisions of
SFAS No. 133, as amended, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities." SFAS No. 133 establishes accounting and reporting standards for
derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in
other contracts ("embedded derivatives") and for hedging activities. It requires
that an entity recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the
Consolidated Balance Sheets and measure those instruments at fair value. The
accounting for changes in fair value of a derivative instrument depends on its
intended use and the resulting designation.
Derivatives entered into in a dealing capacity are recognized at fair value
on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as trading assets and liabilities in
Contractual agreements and the change in fair value is reported in current
period earnings as Principal transactions revenues.
Derivatives entered into in a non-dealing capacity are designated, on the
date they are entered into, as either (1) a hedge of the fair value of a
recognized asset or liability ("fair value" hedge), (2) a hedge of the
variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset
or liability ("cash flow" hedge), or (3) a hedge of a net investment in a
foreign operation.
. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as
fair value hedges, along with the gain or loss on the hedged asset or
liability that is attributable to the hedged risk, are recorded in current
period earnings as interest revenue or expense.
. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify
as cash flow hedges are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss
until earnings are affected by the variability of cash flows of the hedged
asset or liability (e.g., when periodic settlements on a variable-rate asset
or liability are recorded in earnings).
. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as
hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation are recorded in the
Foreign currency translation adjustment account within Accumulated other
comprehensive loss.
. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are economically used to hedge
non-trading assets and liabilities, but that do not meet the criteria in
SFAS No. 133 to qualify as an accounting hedge are reported in current
period earnings as either Principal transactions revenues or Other revenue.
Derivatives entered into by Merrill Lynch in a non-dealing capacity used to
hedge its funding and its net investments in foreign subsidiaries are reported
at fair value in Other assets or Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance
Sheet at December 28, 2001. Derivatives are also used to hedge Merrill Lynch's
marketable investment securities portfolio. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No.
133, derivatives entered into in a non-dealing capacity were generally accounted
for on an accrual basis and reported in Other
PAGE 55
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
receivables and Other payables. SFAS No. 133 does not require restatement of
prior period balances.
Merrill Lynch documents its risk management objectives and strategies for
undertaking various hedge transactions. The risk management objectives and
strategies are monitored and managed by CRM in accordance with established risk
management policies and procedures that include risk tolerance levels. Merrill
Lynch also formally assesses, both at the inception of the hedge and on an
ongoing basis, whether the hedging derivatives are highly effective in
offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows of hedged items. When it is
determined that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, Merrill Lynch
discontinues hedge accounting. Under the provisions of SFAS No. 133, hedge
effectiveness may be assumed for those derivatives whose terms match the terms
of the asset or liability being hedged and that otherwise meet the conditions of
SFAS No. 133.
Merrill Lynch issues debt whose coupons or repayment terms are linked to
the performance of equity or other indices (e.g., S&P 500) or baskets of
securities. The contingent payment components of these debt obligations meet the
definition of an "embedded derivative." The debt instruments are assessed to
determine if the embedded derivative requires separate reporting and accounting,
and if so, the embedded derivative is separated and reported in Long-term
borrowings on the Consolidated Balance Sheet with the debt obligation; changes
in the fair value of the embedded derivative and related hedges are reported in
Interest expense. The risk exposures in embedded derivatives are economically
hedged with other derivatives reported at fair value.
Merrill Lynch may also purchase financial instruments that contain embedded
derivatives. These instruments may be part of either trading inventory or
trading marketable investment securities. These instruments are generally
accounted for at fair value in their entirety; the embedded derivative is not
separately accounted for, and all changes in fair value are reported in
earnings.
Upon adoption of SFAS No. 133, all existing hedge relationships were
designated anew. Merrill Lynch recorded a pre-tax loss of $32 million ($22
million after-tax) in interest expense upon adoption of SFAS No. 133.
For the year ended December 28, 2001, the amount of hedge ineffectiveness
on fair value hedges was not material. All components of each derivative's gain
or loss are included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness.
For the year ended December 28, 2001, $317 million of net gains related to
non-U.S. dollar net investment hedges were included in Accumulated other
comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Substantially all deferred net gains on derivative instruments designated
as cash flow hedges that were accumulated in Other comprehensive income at
December 28, 2001 are expected to be reclassified into earnings as interest
income during the next twelve months. The amount of ineffectiveness related to
these hedges reported in earnings is not material.
Other Receivables and Payables
Customer Receivables and Payables
Customer securities and commodities transactions are recorded on a settlement
date basis. Receivables from and payables to customers include amounts due on
cash and margin transactions. Securities owned by customers, including those
that collateralize margin or other similar transactions, are not reflected on
the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Commissions charged for executing customer transactions are accrued on a
trade date basis and are included in current period earnings. Financial Advisors
compensation and benefits expense is accrued in the same period as revenue is
recognized.
Mutual fund distribution fee revenues are accrued as earned, and redemption
fee revenues are recognized upon receipt. Performance-based incentive fees are
recognized prior to the end of the contract measurement period based on
performance to date. Certain compensation costs related to sales of rear-load
open-end mutual funds are deferred to match revenue recognition. Amortization of
deferred amounts is accelerated when it is determined that deferred expenses
cannot be recovered.
Brokers and Dealers Receivables and Payables
Receivables from brokers and dealers include amounts receivable for securities
not delivered by Merrill Lynch to a purchaser by the settlement date ("fails to
deliver"), deposits for securities borrowed, margin deposits, commissions, and
net receivables arising from unsettled trades. Payables to brokers and dealers
include amounts payable for securities not received by Merrill Lynch from a
seller by the settlement date ("fails to receive"), deposits received for
securities loaned, and net payables arising from unsettled trades.
Interest and Other Receivables and Payables
Interest and other receivables include interest receivable on corporate and
governmental obligations, customer or other receivables, stock borrowed
transactions, receivables from commissions and fees and income taxes. Interest
and other payables include interest payable for stock loaned transactions, and
amounts payable for employee compensation and benefits, restructuring reserves
and income taxes.
Investments and Liabilities of Insurance Subsidiaries
Insurance liabilities are future benefits payable under annuity and
interest-sensitive life insurance contracts and include deposits received plus
interest credited during the contract accumulation period, the present value of
future payments for contracts which have annuitized, and a mor-
PAGE 56
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
tality provision for certain products. Certain policyholder liabilities are also
adjusted for those investments classified as available-for-sale. Liabilities for
unpaid claims consist of the mortality benefit for reported claims and an
estimate of unreported claims based upon prior experience.
Substantially all security investments of insurance subsidiaries are
classified as available-for-sale and recorded at fair value. These investments
support Merrill Lynch's in-force, universal life-type contracts. Merrill Lynch
records adjustments to deferred acquisition costs and policyholder account
balances which, when combined, are equal to the gain or loss that would have
been recorded if those available-for-sale investments had been sold at their
estimated fair values and the proceeds reinvested at current yields. The
corresponding credits or charges for these adjustments are recorded in
stockholders' equity as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net
of applicable income taxes.
Certain variable costs related to the sale or acquisition of new and
renewal insurance contracts have been deferred, to the extent deemed
recoverable, and amortized over the estimated lives of the contracts in
proportion to the estimated gross profit for each group of contracts.
Merrill Lynch maintains separate accounts representing segregated funds
held for purposes of funding variable life and annuity contracts. Separate
account assets are accounted for as customer assets since the contract holders
bear the risk of ownership, consistent with Merrill Lynch's other investment
products. Accordingly, separate account assets and the related liabilities of
approximately $12.3 billion are not consolidated with the assets and liabilities
of Merrill Lynch.
Loans, Notes, and Mortgages
Merrill Lynch's lending and related activities include loan originations,
syndications and securitizations. Merrill Lynch also engages in secondary market
loan trading and margin lending (see Trading assets and liabilities and Customer
receivables and payables sections, respectively).
Loans held for investment purposes, including consumer and small business
loans, are carried at their principal amount outstanding. The allowance for loan
losses is established through provisions that are based on management's
assessment of the collectibility of the loan portfolio. Loans are charged off
against the allowance for loan losses when management determines that collection
of principal is unlikely.
Loans held for sale, which include certain residential mortgage and home
equity loans, and commercial loans that are syndicated, are reported at the
lower of cost (less allowance for loan losses) or estimated fair value. The
impact of the loan loss provision, for syndicated loans not held by Merrill
Lynch's U.S. banks, is included in Principal transactions revenues in the
Consolidated Statements of Earnings. The loan loss provision related to other
loans is included in Interest revenue in the Consolidated Statements of
Earnings.
Other Investments
Other investments primarily consist of:
. Available-for-sale securities carried at fair value, with unrealized gains or
losses reported in Accumulated other comprehensive loss.
. Investments held by a regulated broker-dealer carried at fair value with gains
and losses reported in Principal transactions revenues. Certain of these
investments are subject to restrictions that may limit Merrill Lynch's ability
to realize currently the estimated fair value of its investment until such
restrictions expire. Accordingly, Merrill Lynch estimates the fair value of
these securities taking into account the restrictions using pricing models
based on projected cash flows, earnings multiples, comparisons based on
similar transactions, and/or review of underlying financial conditions and
other market factors.
. Merchant banking investments held by non-broker-dealer subsidiaries carried at
the lower of cost or net realizable value, or under the equity method
depending on Merrill Lynch's ability to exercise significant influence over
the investee. Gains and losses on these investments are reported in Other
revenues.
. Investments economically hedging deferred compensation liabilities carried at
fair value, with gains and losses reported in earnings.
Equipment and Facilities
Equipment and facilities primarily consist of technology hardware and
software, leasehold improvements, and owned facilities. Equipment and facilities
are reported at historical cost, net of accumulated depreciation and
amortization, except for land, which is reported at historical cost.
Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method.
Equipment is depreciated over its estimated useful life, while leasehold
improvements are amortized over the lesser of the improvement's estimated
economic useful life or the term of the lease. Maintenance and repair costs are
expensed as incurred.
Included in the Occupancy and related depreciation expense category was
depreciation and amortization of $245 million, $235 million, and $207 million in
2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively. Depreciation and amortization recognized in
the Communications and technology expense category was $643 million, $611
million, and $516 million for 2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively.
Qualifying costs incurred in the development of internal-use software are
capitalized when costs exceed $5 million and are amortized over the useful life
of the developed software, generally not exceeding three years.
Goodwill
Goodwill, which represents the cost of acquired businesses in excess of fair
value of the related net assets at acquisition, is amortized on a straight-line
basis. Goodwill associated with the 1997 purchase of the Mercury Asset
Management Group is amortized over 30 years. Goodwill related to other
acquisitions is amortized over periods generally not exceeding 15 years.
PAGE 57
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
Merrill Lynch periodically assesses the recoverability of goodwill by
comparing expected undiscounted future cash flows from the underlying business
operation with recorded goodwill balances. If such assessments indicate that the
undiscounted future cash flows are not sufficient to recover the related
carrying value, the assets are adjusted to fair values. Refer to the New
Accounting Pronouncements section for information regarding the change in
accounting for goodwill.
Other Assets
Other assets consist of unrealized gains on derivatives used to hedge Merrill
Lynch's borrowing activities. The majority of these derivatives are
marked-to-market with changes in fair value reflected in earnings (refer to
Derivatives section for more information). Other assets also include prepaid
pension expense related to plan contributions in excess of obligations, other
prepaid expenses, deferred deal-related expenses, and other deferred charges.
Refer to Note 13 -- Employee Benefit Plans for further information.
Commercial Paper and
Short- and Long-Term Borrowings
Merrill Lynch's unsecured general-purpose funding is principally obtained from
commercial paper and long-term borrowings. Commercial paper, when issued at a
discount, is recorded at the proceeds received and accreted to its par value.
Long-term borrowings are carried at the principal amount borrowed, net of
unamortized discounts or premiums, adjusted for the effects of fair value
hedges.
Merrill Lynch uses derivatives to manage the interest rate, currency,
equity, and other risk exposures of its borrowings. (See the Derivatives section
for additional information on accounting policy for derivatives.)
Deposits
Savings deposits are interest-bearing accounts whereby the depositor is not
required by the deposit contract, but may at any time be required by the
depository institution, to give written notice of an intended withdrawal not
less than seven days before withdrawal is made, and that is not payable on a
specified date or at the expiration of a specified time after the date of
deposit. Time deposits are accounts that have a stipulated maturity and interest
rate. Depositors holding time deposits may recover their funds prior to the
stated maturity but may pay a penalty to do so.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Merrill Lynch accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with the
intrinsic value-based method in Accounting Principles Board ("APB") Opinion No.
25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," rather than the fair value-based
method in SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation." Compensation
expense for stock options is not recognized since Merrill Lynch grants stock
options with no intrinsic value. Compensation expense related to other
stock-based compensation plans is recognized over the vesting period. The
unamortized portion of the grant value for such plans is reflected as a
reduction of Stockholders' Equity in Unamortized employee stock grants on the
Consolidated Balance Sheets.
INCOME TAXES
ML & Co. and certain of its wholly-owned subsidiaries file a consolidated
U.S. federal income tax return. Certain other Merrill Lynch entities file tax
returns in their local jurisdictions.
Merrill Lynch uses the asset and liability method in providing income taxes
on all transactions that have been recognized in the Consolidated Financial
Statements. The asset and liability method requires that deferred taxes be
adjusted to reflect the tax rates at which future taxable amounts will likely be
settled or realized. The effects of tax rate changes on future deferred tax
liabilities and deferred tax assets, as well as other changes in income tax
laws, are recognized in net earnings in the period such changes are enacted.
Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax
assets to the amounts expected to be realized.
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In August 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") released SFAS
No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets," which
supersedes SFAS No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and
for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of" and the accounting and reporting
provisions of APB Opinion No. 30, "Reporting the Results of Operations-Reporting
the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual
and Infrequently Occurring Events and Transactions," for the disposal of a
segment of the business as previously defined in that opinion. SFAS No. 144 also
amends Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, "Consolidated Financial Statements"
to eliminate the exception to consolidation for a subsidiary for which control
is likely to be temporary. SFAS No. 144 provides guidance on the financial
accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets.
Merrill Lynch will adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 144 in the first quarter of
2002 and has not yet determined the impact of adoption.
In July 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets." Under SFAS No. 142, intangible assets with indefinite lives and
goodwill will no longer be amortized. Instead, these assets will be tested
annually for impairment. Merrill Lynch adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 142 at
the beginning of fiscal year 2002.
SFAS No. 142 will require that Merrill Lynch perform an assessment of
whether there is an indication that goodwill is impaired as of the date of
adoption. This test is required to be completed within six months of the date of
adoption. If an indication of impairment exists, quantification of the
impairment is required to be completed as soon as possible, but no later than
the end of the year. Any impairment loss, as of the first day of fiscal year
2002, will be recog-
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Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
nized as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle in Merrill
Lynch's statement of earnings upon adoption. Merrill Lynch is currently
assessing the impact of adopting this standard; annual amortization expense
related to goodwill approximated $200 million in 2001.
In July 2001, the FASB released SFAS No. 141, "Business Combinations." SFAS
No. 141 requires all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001, to be
accounted for using the purchase method. Merrill Lynch adopted the provisions of
SFAS No. 141 on July 1, 2001.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 2. OTHER SIGNIFICANT EVENTS
RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES
During the fourth quarter of 2001, Merrill Lynch's management formally committed
to a restructuring plan designed to position Merrill Lynch for improved
profitability and growth which included the resizing of selected businesses and
other structural changes. As a result, Merrill Lynch incurred a fourth quarter
pre-tax charge to earnings of $2.2 billion, which includes restructuring costs
of $1.8 billion and other one-time charges of $396 million. In addition, a
charge to deferred tax expense was recorded related to non-deductible prior and
current year losses associated with the refocusing of the Japan Private Client
business.
Restructuring Charge
Restructuring charges relate primarily to severance costs of $1.1 billion,
facilities costs of $299 million, technology and fixed asset write-offs of $187
million and other costs of $178 million. Structural changes include targeted
workforce reductions of approximately 6,200 through a combination of involuntary
and voluntary separations, across all business groups. At December 28, 2001, the
majority of employee separations were completed or announced and all had been
identified. The $1.1 billion of severance costs include non-cash charges related
to accelerated stock amortization for stock grants associated with employee
separations totaling $135 million. Cash payments of $79 million have been made
as of year-end. Facilities-related costs include the closure or subletting of
excess space, and the consolidation of Private Client offices in the United
States, Europe, Asia Pacific and Japan. Management expects both the remaining
branch closings and employee separations to be completed in 2002 and anticipates
that substantially all of the cash payments related to real estate and severance
will be funded by cash from operations. Asset write-offs primarily reflect the
write-off of technology assets and furniture and equipment which resulted from
management's decision to close Private Client branch offices.
Included in the restructuring charge are branch closing costs associated
with the refocusing of the Japan Private Client operations. As a result of the
restructuring of this business, revenues are initially expected to be lower than
the revenues reported in the region during 2001. Revenues for the Japan retail
operations being discontinued were not significant.
Other Charges
During 2001, Merrill Lynch also incurred one-time charges of $396 million. As
part of the resizing of Private Client branch offices, Merrill Lynch identified
branch office hardware that will need to be replaced in stages over the next
year in order to provide Financial Advisors with the most updated technology
with which to serve clients. To facilitate this transition, Merrill Lynch
entered into a sale-leaseback transaction on existing equipment with a third
party, which resulted in a loss of $133 million as technology assets were
written down to fair value. See Note 12 -- Commitments and Contingencies for
information regarding the future lease payments related to this equipment. Other
one-time charges include $99 million related to technology asset write-offs, $58
million associated with changes in compensation structures, $33 million of
charges related to a building held-for-sale, $32 million of investment
write-downs, $15 million of write-offs of deferred mutual fund distribution
costs, and other costs of $26 million.
SEPTEMBER 11TH-RELATED EXPENSES
On September 11th, terrorists attacked the World Trade Center complex, which
subsequently collapsed and damaged surrounding buildings, some of which were
occupied by Merrill Lynch. These events caused the temporary relocation of
approximately 9,000 employees from Merrill Lynch's global headquarters in the
North Tower of the World Financial Center, the South Tower of the World
Financial Center and from offices at 222 Broadway to backup facilities.
Some of Merrill Lynch's businesses were temporarily disrupted subsequent to
September 11th. During the fourth quarter, Merrill Lynch reoccupied and
reestablished business operations in the North Tower as well as in 222 Broadway.
The South Tower of the World Financial Center is in the process of being
restored.
For the year ended December 28, 2001, Merrill Lynch recorded September
11th-related expenses of $131 million ($83 million after-tax), which are net of
actual recoveries and insurance receivables booked to date. These expenses
include costs related to the write-off of damaged assets and sublease income;
the repair and replacement of equipment; and employee relocation, which required
reconfiguring alternative office facilities, technology, and telecommunications
and providing transportation. Merrill Lynch continues to incur additional
September 11th-related expenses, including the purchase of additional equipment
and the restoration of facilities. Merrill Lynch is also assessing the impact on
operations from physical damage to determine lost profits due to business
interruption. Therefore, the full financial impact to Merrill Lynch cannot be
currently determined.
Merrill Lynch is insured for loss caused by physical damage to property.
This coverage includes repair or replacement of property and lost profits due to
business interruption, including costs related to lack of access to facilities.
During the fourth quarter, Merrill Lynch received
PAGE 59
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
its first insurance advance payment related to September 11th of $100 million
and recognized an additional insurance receivable of $115 million. Merrill Lynch
expects to recognize additional insurance receivables in future periods.
Insurance payments are based on recoverable cash expenditures, which will not
necessarily be the same as expenses recognized under accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America.
MERGERS, ACQUISITIONS, AND DIVESTITURES
On December 28, 2001, Merrill Lynch sold its Canadian Private Client and
securities clearing businesses for $344 million in cash in connection with its
overall global business resizing. The sale resulted in a pre-tax gain of $158
million, which was included in Other Revenues on the Consolidated Statements of
Earnings, and accounted for a reduction of approximately 3,200 full-time
employees in the fourth quarter.
In July 2000, Merrill Lynch acquired Herzog, a leading Nasdaq market-maker,
through an exchange offer followed by a merger of a wholly-owned subsidiary of
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc., with and into Herzog. Pursuant to the offer and the
merger, each Herzog shareholder, after giving effect to the ML & Co. two-for-one
common stock split, was entitled to receive 283.75502 shares of ML & Co. common
stock for each share held. A total of 17,100,602 shares of ML & Co. common stock
were issued in connection with this transaction. In addition, as specified in
the merger agreement, Herzog treasury shares (2,449,090 shares of ML & Co.
common stock) were cancelled and retired upon consummation of the merger.
The merger was accounted for as a pooling-of-interests, and accordingly,
prior period financial statements and footnotes were restated to reflect the
results of operations, financial position, and cash flows as if Merrill Lynch
and Herzog had always been combined. The effect of combining Herzog into the
results of operations, financial position, and cash flows of Merrill Lynch was
not material.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 3. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
SEGMENT INFORMATION
In reporting to management during 2001, Merrill Lynch's operating results were
categorized into three business segments: Global Markets and Investment Banking
("GMI"), the Private Client Group ("Private Client"), and Merrill Lynch
Investment Managers ("MLIM"). Prior period amounts have been restated to conform
to the 2001 presentation.
The principal methodology used in preparing the segment results in the
table that follows is:
. Revenues and expenses are assigned to segments where directly attributable.
. Principal transaction and investment banking revenues and related costs
resulting from the client activities of Private Client are allocated among
GMI and Private Client based on production credits, share counts, trade
counts, and other measures which estimate relative value.
. Revenues and expenses related to certain retail money market funds
comprising an average of $81 billion, $105 billion, and $118 billion in
assets under management in 2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively, are assigned
to Private Client.
. The 401(k) business is reported as a 50/50 joint venture between MLIM and
Private Client.
. Revenues and expenses related to mutual fund shares bearing a contingent
deferred sales charge are reflected in segment results as if MLIM and
Private Client were unrelated entities.
. Interest (cost of carry) is allocated based on management's assessment of
the relative liquidity of segment assets and liabilities.
. Goodwill amortization, Mercury financing costs, and September 11th-related
expenses are not attributed to segments because management excludes these
items from segment operating results in evaluating segment performance. The
elimination of intersegment revenues and expenses is also included in
Corporate items.
. Residual expenses (i.e., those related to overhead and support units) are
attributed to segments based on specific methodologies (e.g., headcount,
square footage, intersegment agreements).
PAGE 60
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
Management believes that the following information by business segment
provides a reasonable representation of each segment's contribution to the
consolidated amounts:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------
Corporate Items
(including
intersegment
GMI Private Client MLIM eliminations)
Total
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
<C>
2001
Non-interest revenues $ 8,561 $ 8,256 $2,058 $ (261)(1)
$ 18,614
Net interest revenue(2) 1,428 1,880 35 (77)(3)
3,266
-------- -------- ------ -------
--------
Net revenues 9,989 10,136 2,093 (338)
21,880
Non-interest expenses 8,343 9,974 2,069 117 (4)
20,503
-------- -------- ------ -------
--------
Earnings (loss) before income taxes $ 1,646 $ 162 $ 24 $ (455)
$ 1,377
======== ======== ====== =======
========
Earnings (loss) before income taxes,
September 11th-related and restructuring
and other charges $ 2,479 $ 1,239 $ 307 $ (324)
$ 3,701
======== ======== ====== =======
========
Year-end total assets $283,792 $128,965 $2,591 $ 4,071
$419,419
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------
2000
Non-interest revenues $ 11,208 $ 10,329 $2,374 $ (235)(1)
$ 23,676
Net interest revenue(2) 1,472 1,632 79 (93)(3)
3,090
-------- -------- ------ -------
--------
Net revenues 12,680 11,961 2,453 (328)
26,766
Non-interest expenses 8,717 10,400 1,952 (20)(5)
21,049
-------- -------- ------ -------
--------
Earnings (loss) before income taxes $ 3,963 $ 1,561 $ 501 $ (308)
$ 5,717
======== ======== ====== =======
========
Year-end total assets $281,976 $118,390 $2,427 $ 4,407
$407,200
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------
1999
Non-interest revenues $ 8,781 $ 9,408 $2,225 $ (194)(1)
$ 20,220
Net interest revenue(2) 1,037 1,171 22 (137)(3)
2,093
-------- -------- ------ -------
--------
Net revenues 9,818 10,579 2,247 (331)
22,313
Non-interest expenses 7,165 9,155 1,764 23 (5)
18,107
-------- -------- ------ -------
--------
Earnings (loss) before income taxes $ 2,653 $ 1,424 $ 483 $ (354)
$ 4,206
======== ======== ====== =======
========
Year-end total assets $246,984 $ 55,641 $2,273 $ 4,952
$309,850
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------
</TABLE>
(1) Primarily relates to the elimination of intersegment revenues.
(2) Management views interest income net of interest expense in evaluating
results.
(3) Represents Mercury financing costs.
(4) Represents goodwill amortization of $207 and September 11th-related expenses
of $131, net of elimination of intersegment expenses of $221.
(5) Represents goodwill amortization of $217 and $227, net of elimination of
intersegment expenses and other corporate items of $237 and $202 for 2000
and 1999, respectively.
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
Merrill Lynch operates in both U.S. and non-U.S. markets. Merrill Lynch's
non-U.S. business activities are conducted through offices in five regions:
. Europe, Middle East, and Africa
. Japan
. Asia Pacific
. Canada, and
. Latin America
The principal methodology used in preparing the geographic data in the table
that follows is:
. Revenue and expenses are generally recorded based on the location of the
employee generating the revenue or incurring the expense.
. Earnings before income taxes include the allocation of certain shared expenses
among regions, and
. Intercompany transfers are based primarily on service agreements.
The information that follows, in management's judgment, provides a
reasonable representation of each region's contribution to the consolidated
amounts:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net revenues
Europe, Middle East, and Africa $ 3,640 $ 4,876 $ 3,976
Japan 1,023 1,511 1,193
Asia Pacific 874 1,247 1,018
Canada 877 854 652
Latin America 475 731 672
-------- -------- --------
Total Non-U.S. 6,889 9,219 7,511
United States 15,092 17,651 14,939
Corporate (101) (104) (137)
-------- -------- --------
Total $ 21,880 $ 26,766 $ 22,313
======== ======== ========
Earnings (loss)
before income taxes
Europe, Middle East, and Africa $ 42 $ 1,315 $ 1,132
Japan (387) 243 (33)
Asia Pacific (40) 269 183
Canada 253 176 57
Latin America 18 175 127
-------- -------- --------
Total Non-U.S. (114) 2,178 1,466
United States 1,946 3,847 3,094
Corporate (455) (308) (354)
-------- -------- --------
Total $ 1,377 $ 5,717 $ 4,206
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PAGE 61
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 4. SECURITIES FINANCING TRANSACTIONS
Merrill Lynch enters into secured borrowing and lending transactions to finance
trading inventory positions, obtain securities for settlement, and meet
customers' needs.
Under these agreements and transactions, Merrill Lynch either receives or
provides collateral, including U.S. Government and agencies, asset-backed,
corporate debt, equity, and non-U.S. governments and agencies securities.
Merrill Lynch receives collateral in connection with resale agreements,
securities borrowed transactions, customer margin loans, and other loans. Under
many agreements, Merrill Lynch is permitted to sell or repledge these securities
held as collateral and use the securities to secure repurchase agreements, enter
into securities lending transactions, or deliver to counterparties to cover
short positions. At December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000, the fair value of
securities received as collateral where Merrill Lynch is permitted to sell or
repledge the securities was $246 billion and $217 billion, respectively, and the
fair value of the portion that has been sold or repledged was $221 billion and
$161 billion, respectively.
Merrill Lynch pledges firm-owned assets to collateralize repurchase
agreements and other secured financings. Pledged securities that can be sold or
repledged by the secured party are classified as Securities pledged as
collateral on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The carrying value and
classification of securities owned by Merrill Lynch that have been loaned or
pledged to counterparties where those counterparties do not have the right to
sell or repledge at year-end 2001 and 2000 are as follows:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Trading asset category
Corporate debt and preferred stock $ 6,135 $ 3,039
Equities and convertible debentures 157 657
Mortgages, mortgage-backed, and
asset-backed 7,998 5,876
U.S. Government and agencies 10,634 11,048
Municipals and money markets 1,074 550
Non-U.S. governments and agencies 1,073 1,643
-------- --------
Total $ 27,071 $ 22,813
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 5. INVESTMENTS
Merrill Lynch has several broad categories of investments on its Consolidated
Balance Sheets, including Marketable investment securities, Investments of
insurance subsidiaries, and Other investments.
Marketable investment securities consist of highly liquid debt and equity
securities, including those held for liquidity management purposes and the
investment portfolio for Merrill Lynch's U.S. banks. Investments of insurance
subsidiaries, primarily debt securities, are used to fund policyholder
liabilities. Other investments consist of equity and debt securities, including
those acquired in connection with merchant banking activities.
The fair values of Other investments were $6.0 billion and $5.1 billion at
year-end 2001 and 2000, respectively. Fair value for non-qualifying investments
under SFAS No. 115, which include merchant banking and private equity
investments including partnership interests, is estimated using a number of
methods, including earnings multiples, cash flow analyses, and review of
underlying financial conditions and other market factors. These instruments may
be subject to restrictions (e.g., consent of other investors) that may limit
Merrill Lynch's ability to realize currently the estimated fair value.
Accordingly, Merrill Lynch's current estimate of fair value and the ultimate
realization of these instruments may differ.
Included in Other investments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets are
private equity investments which resulted from Merrill Lynch's merchant banking
and other activities. Investment-related net revenues, which include dividend
income and realized and unrealized gains and losses, were $229 million, $618
million and $295 million in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. These revenues
include net gains related to investments held by broker-dealer entities of $213
million and $212 million, which are included in Principal transactions revenues
in 2001 and 2000, respectively. The remaining investment-related net revenues
are included in Other revenues in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of
Earnings, and include the $158 million pre-tax gain from the sale of the Private
Client and securities clearing businesses in Canada in 2001.
Marketable investment securities and certain investments of insurance
subsidiaries and other investments are classified as available-for-sale,
held-to-maturity, or trading as described in Note 1. Investment securities
reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 28, 2001 and December
29, 2000 are as follows:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Marketable Investment Securities
Available-for-sale $ 70,320 $ 48,483
Trading 7,460(4) 632
Held-to-maturity 40(4) 136
-------- --------
Total $ 77,820 $ 49,251
======== ========
Investments of Insurance Subsidiaries
Available-for-sale $ 2,333 $ 2,382
Trading 24 25
Non-qualifying(1)(2) 1,626 1,595
-------- --------
Total $ 3,983 $ 4,002
======== ========
Other Investments
Available-for-sale $ 1,703 $ 1,746
Trading 358(4) -
Held-to-maturity 394 693
Non-qualifying(1)(3) 3,414 2,499
-------- --------
Total $ 5,869 $ 4,938
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Non-qualifying for SFAS No. 115 purposes.
(2) Primarily consists of insurance policy loans.
(3) Includes merchant banking investments and investments economically hedging
deferred compensation liabilities.
(4) During 2001 certain municipals and mortgage- and asset-backed securities
previously classified as available-for-sale or held-to-maturity were
transferred to trading.
PAGE 62
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
Information regarding investment securities subject to SFAS No. 115 follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------
December 28, 2001 December 29, 2000
--------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------
---------
Cost/ Gross Gross Estimated Cost/ Gross Gross
Estimated
Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Amortized Unrealized Unrealized
Fair
Cost Gains Losses Value Cost Gains Losses
Value
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
<C>
Available-for-Sale
Mortgage- and asset-backed
securities $ 58,880 $ 611 $ (665) $ 58,826 $ 35,698 $ 277 $ (241) $
35,734
Corporate debt 5,382 78 (77) 5,383 4,298 24 (53)
4,269
U.S. Government and agencies 5,130 237 (231) 5,136 5,384 177 (3)
5,558
Municipals 16 1 - 17 1,838 44 (39)
1,843
Other debt securities 3,149 4 (1) 3,152 4,629 16 (9)
4,636
--------- --------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ----------
---------
Total debt securities 72,557 931 (974) 72,514 51,847 538 (345)
52,040
Equity securities 1,854 6 (18) 1,842 616 12 (57)
571
--------- --------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ----------
---------
Total $ 74,411 $ 937 $ (992) $ 74,356 $ 52,463 $ 550 $ (402) $
52,611
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
Held-to-Maturity
U.S. Government and agencies $ 215 $ - $ - $ 215 $ 229 $ - $ -
$ 229
Municipals - - - - 225 20 (2)
243
Mortgage- and asset-backed
securities 34 - - 34 54 - -
54
Other debt securities 185 - - 185 321 56 -
377
----- ---- ---- ----- ----- ---- ----
-----
Total $ 434 $ - $ - $ 434 $ 829 $ 76 $ (2)
$ 903
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------
</TABLE>
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities at December
28, 2001, by contractual maturity, for available-for-sale and held-to-maturity
investments follow:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Available-for-Sale Held-to-Maturity
---------------------- -----------------------
Estimated Estimated
Amortized Fair Amortized Fair
Cost Value Cost Value
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Due in one year or less $ 4,036 $ 4,043 $ 3 $ 3
Due after one year through
five years 4,102 4,115 216 216
Due after five years through
ten years 4,011 4,015 - -
Due after ten years 1,528 1,515 181 181
-------- -------- ----- -----
13,677 13,688 400 400
Mortgage- and asset-
backed securities 58,880 58,826 34 34
-------- -------- ----- -----
Total(1) $ 72,557 $ 72,514 $ 434 $ 434
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because
borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or
without prepayment penalties.
The proceeds and gross realized gains (losses) from the sale of
available-for-sale investments are as follows:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Proceeds $ 14,138 $ 7,036 $ 3,071
Gross realized gains 85 247 22
Gross realized losses (66) (121) (28)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net unrealized gains (losses) from investment securities classified as
trading included in the 2001, 2000, and 1999 Consolidated Statements of Earnings
were $47 million, $(22) million, and $46 million, respectively.
Merrill Lynch has agreed to invest not more than $600 million in Merrill
Lynch HSBC ("MLHSBC"), the 50/50-owned corporation created to provide global
online investment and banking services to individual self-directed customers
outside the United States. MLHSBC is not a consolidated subsidiary of Merrill
Lynch. At December 28, 2001, Merrill Lynch had invested $197 million. The timing
of the funding of additional investments will be determined by the Board of
Directors of Merrill Lynch HSBC, which has equal representation from Merrill
Lynch and HSBC Holdings, plc ("HSBC").
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 6. TRADING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
As part of its trading activities, Merrill Lynch provides to clients brokerage,
dealing, financing, and underwriting services for a broad range of products.
While trading activities are primarily generated by client order flow, Merrill
Lynch also takes selective proprietary positions based on expectations of future
market movements and conditions. Merrill Lynch's trading strategies rely on the
integrated management of its client-driven and proprietary positions, along with
related hedging and financing.
Interest revenue and expense are integral components of trading activities.
In assessing the profitability of trading activities, Merrill Lynch views net
interest and principal transactions revenues in the aggregate.
Certain trading activities expose Merrill Lynch to market and credit risks.
These risks are managed in accordance with established risk management policies
and procedures. Refer to Note 1 -- Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,
Derivatives, for additional information on Risk Management.
PAGE 63
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
MARKET RISK
Market risk is the potential change in an instrument's value caused by
fluctuations in interest and currency exchange rates, equity and commodity
prices, credit spreads, or other risks. The level of market risk is influenced
by the volatility and the liquidity in the markets in which financial
instruments are traded.
Merrill Lynch seeks to mitigate market risk associated with trading
inventories by employing hedging strategies that correlate rate, price, and
spread movements of trading inventories and related financing and hedging
activities. Merrill Lynch uses a combination of cash instruments and derivatives
to hedge its market exposures. The following discussion describes the types of
market risk faced by Merrill Lynch.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk arises from the possibility that changes in interest rates
will affect the value of financial instruments. Interest rate swap agreements,
Eurodollar futures, and U.S. Treasury securities and futures are common interest
rate risk management tools. The decision to manage interest rate risk using
futures or swap contracts, as opposed to buying or selling short U.S. Treasury
or other securities, depends on current market conditions and funding
considerations.
Interest rate agreements used by Merrill Lynch include caps, collars,
floors, basis swaps, leveraged swaps and options. Interest rate caps and floors
provide the purchaser protection against rising and falling interest rates,
respectively. Interest rate collars combine a cap and a floor, providing the
purchaser with a predetermined interest rate range. Basis swaps are a type of
interest rate swap agreement where variable rates are received and paid, but are
based on different index rates. Leveraged swaps are another type of interest
rate swap where changes in the variable rate are multiplied by a contractual
leverage factor, such as four times three-month LIBOR (London Interbank Offered
Rate). Merrill Lynch's exposure to interest rate risk resulting from these
leverage factors is typically hedged with other financial instruments.
Currency Risk
Currency risk arises from the possibility that fluctuations in foreign exchange
rates will impact the value of financial instruments. Merrill Lynch's trading
assets and liabilities include both cash instruments denominated in and
derivatives linked to more than 50 currencies, including the euro, Japanese yen,
Swiss franc and British pound. Currency forwards and options are commonly used
to manage currency risk associated with these instruments. Currency swaps may
also be used in situations where a long-dated forward market is not available or
where the client needs a customized instrument to hedge a foreign currency cash
flow stream. Typically, parties to a currency swap initially exchange principal
amounts in two currencies, agreeing to exchange interest payments and to
re-exchange the currencies at a future date and exchange rate.
Equity Price Risk
Equity price risk arises from the possibility that equity security prices will
fluctuate, affecting the value of equity securities and other instruments that
derive their value from a particular stock, a defined basket of stocks, or a
stock index. Instruments typically used by Merrill Lynch to manage equity price
risk include equity options, warrants, and baskets of equity securities. Equity
options, for example, can require the writer to purchase or sell a specified
stock or to make a cash payment based on changes in the market price of that
stock, basket of stocks, or stock index.
Credit Spread Risk
Credit spread risk arises from the possibility that changes in credit spreads
will affect the value of financial instruments. Credit spreads represent the
credit risk premiums required by market participants for a given credit quality,
(i.e., the additional yield that a debt instrument issued by a AA-rated entity
must produce over a risk-free alternative (e.g., U.S. Treasury instrument)).
Certain instruments are used by Merrill Lynch to manage this type of risk. Swaps
and options, for example, can be designed to mitigate losses due to changes in
credit spreads, as well as the credit downgrade or default of the issuer. Credit
risk resulting from default on counterparty obligations is discussed in the
Credit Risk section.
Commodity Price and Other Risks
Merrill Lynch views its commodity contracts as financial instruments since they
are generally settled in cash and not by delivery of the underlying commodity.
Commodity price risk results from the possibility that the price of the
underlying commodity may rise or fall. Cash flows from commodity contracts are
based on the difference between an agreed-upon fixed price and a price that
varies with changes in a specified commodity price or index. Commodity contracts
held by Merrill Lynch principally relate to precious metals and base metals.
Merrill Lynch is also a party to financial instruments that contain risks
not correlated to typical financial risks. Merrill Lynch generally mitigates the
risk associated with these transactions by entering into offsetting derivative
transactions.
CREDIT RISK
Merrill Lynch is exposed to risk of loss if an issuer or a counterparty fails
to perform its obligations under contractual terms ("default risk"). Both cash
instruments and derivatives expose Merrill Lynch to default risk. Credit risk
arising from changes in credit spreads was previously discussed in the Market
Risk section.
Merrill Lynch has established policies and procedures for mitigating credit
risk on principal transactions, including reviewing and establishing limits for
credit exposure, maintaining collateral, and continually assessing the
creditworthiness of counterparties.
PAGE 64
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
In the normal course of business, Merrill Lynch executes, settles, and
finances various customer securities transactions. Execution of these
transactions includes the purchase and sale of securities by Merrill Lynch.
These activities may expose Merrill Lynch to default risk arising from the
potential that customers or counterparties may fail to satisfy their
obligations. In these situations, Merrill Lynch may be required to purchase or
sell financial instruments at unfavorable market prices to satisfy obligations
to other customers or counterparties. In addition, Merrill Lynch seeks to
control the risks associated with its customer margin activities by requiring
customers to maintain collateral in compliance with regulatory and internal
guidelines.
Liabilities to other brokers and dealers related to unsettled transactions
(i.e., securities failed-to-receive) are recorded at the amount for which the
securities were purchased, and are paid upon receipt of the securities from
other brokers or dealers. In the case of aged securities failed-to-receive,
Merrill Lynch may purchase the underlying security in the market and seek
reimbursement for losses from the counterparty.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Merrill Lynch's exposure to credit risk (both default and credit spread)
associated with its trading and other activities is measured on an individual
counterparty basis, as well as by groups of counterparties that share similar
attributes. Concentrations of credit risk can be affected by changes in
political, industry, or economic factors. To reduce the potential for risk
concentration, credit limits are established and monitored in light of changing
counterparty and market conditions.
At December 28, 2001, Merrill Lynch's most significant concentration of
credit risk was with the U.S. Government and its agencies. This concentration
consists of both direct and indirect exposures. Direct exposure, which primarily
results from trading asset and investment security positions in instruments
issued by the U.S. Government and its agencies, amounted to $15.6 billion and
$23.8 billion at December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000, respectively. Merrill
Lynch's indirect exposure results from maintaining U.S. Government and agencies
securities as collateral for resale agreements and securities borrowed
transactions. Merrill Lynch's direct credit exposure on these transactions is
with the counterparty; thus Merrill Lynch has credit exposure to the U.S.
Government and its agencies only in the event of the counterparty's default.
Securities issued by the U.S. Government or its agencies held as collateral for
resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions at December 28, 2001 and
December 29, 2000 totaled $102.9 billion and $62.8 billion, respectively.
At December 28, 2001, Merrill Lynch had concentrations of credit risk with
other counterparties, the largest of which were a financial institution rated AA
by recognized credit rating agencies and a government-sponsored agency rated AAA
by recognized credit rating agencies. Total unsecured exposure to each
counterparty was approximately $1.5 billion, or 0.4% of total assets.
Merrill Lynch's most significant industry credit concentration is with
financial institutions. Financial institutions include other brokers and
dealers, commercial banks, finance companies, insurance companies, and
investment companies. This concentration arises in the normal course of Merrill
Lynch's brokerage, trading, hedging, financing, and underwriting activities.
Merrill Lynch also monitors credit exposures worldwide by region. Outside the
United States, sovereign governments and financial institutions represent the
most significant concentrations.
In the normal course of business, Merrill Lynch purchases, sells,
underwrites, and makes markets in non-investment grade instruments. In
conjunction with merchant banking activities, Merrill Lynch also provides
extensions of credit and makes equity investments to facilitate leveraged
transactions. These activities expose Merrill Lynch to a higher degree of credit
risk than is associated with trading, investing in, and underwriting investment
grade instruments and extending credit to investment grade counterparties.
DERIVATIVES
Merrill Lynch's derivatives consist of derivatives provided to customers and
derivatives entered into for proprietary trading strategies or risk management
purposes.
The notional or contractual amounts of derivatives provide only a measure
of involvement in these types of transactions and represent neither the amounts
subject to the various types of market risk nor the future cash requirements
under these instruments.
The notional or contractual amounts of derivatives by type of risk follow:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in billions)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Risk
------------------------------------------------
Interest Equity Commodity
Rate(1)(2) Currency(3) Price and other
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
December 28, 2001
Swap agreements $ 3,512 $ 235 $ 20 $ 38
Forward contracts 120 184 1 2
Futures contracts 617 2 38 1
Options purchased 35 61 143 2
Options written 42 73 41 3
December 29, 2000
Swap agreements $ 2,970 $ 51 $ 17 $ 31
Forward contracts 132 165 1 1
Futures contracts 273 3 17 -
Options purchased 48 92 63 5
Options written 59 60 67 1
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) Certain derivatives subject to interest rate risk are also exposed to the
credit-spread risk of the underlying financial instrument.
(2) Forward contracts subject to interest rate risk principally represent "To
Be Announced" mortgage pools that bear interest rate as well as principal
prepayment risk.
(3) Included in the currency risk category are certain contracts that are also
subject to interest rate risk.
PAGE 65
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
For derivatives outstanding at December 28, 2001, the following table
presents the notional or contractual amounts of derivatives expiring in future
years based on contractual expiration:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in billions)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
After
2002 2003 2004 2005 2005 Total
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Swap agreements $ 546 $ 625 $ 477 $ 404 $ 1,753 $ 3,805
Forward contracts 242 61 3 - 1 307
Futures contracts 548 50 27 16 17 658
Options purchased 112 37 59 11 22 241
Options written 101 23 9 8 18 159
------- ----- ----- ----- ------- -------
Total $ 1,549 $ 796 $ 575 $ 439 $ 1,811 $ 5,170
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
The notional or contractual values of derivatives do not represent default
risk exposure. Default risk is primarily limited to the current cost of
replacing derivative contracts in a gain position. Default risk can also occur
for the full notional amount of the trade where a final exchange of principal
takes place, as may be the case for currency swaps. Default risk exposure varies
by type of derivative. Swap agreements and forward contracts are generally
OTC-transacted and thus are exposed to default risk to the extent of their
replacement cost. Since futures contracts are exchange-traded and usually
require daily cash settlement, the related risk of accounting loss is generally
limited to a one-day net positive change in market value. Such receivables and
payables are recorded in Customers receivables and payables on the Consolidated
Balance Sheets. Option contracts can be exchange-traded or OTC-transacted.
Purchased options have default risk to the extent of their replacement cost.
Written options represent a potential obligation to counterparties and,
accordingly, do not subject Merrill Lynch to default risk.
Merrill Lynch generally enters into International Swaps and Derivatives
Association, Inc. master agreements or their equivalent ("master netting
agreements") with each of its counterparties, as soon as possible. Master
netting agreements provide protection in bankruptcy in certain circumstances
and, in some cases, enable receivables and payables with the same counterparty
to be offset on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, providing for a more meaningful
balance sheet presentation of credit exposure.
To reduce default risk, Merrill Lynch requires collateral, principally U.S.
Government and agencies securities, on certain derivative transactions. From an
economic standpoint, Merrill Lynch evaluates default risk exposures net of
related collateral. At December 28, 2001, such collateral amounted to $7.3
billion. In addition to obtaining collateral, Merrill Lynch attempts to mitigate
default risk on derivatives by entering into transactions with provisions that
enable Merrill Lynch to terminate or reset the terms of the derivative contract.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 7. LOANS, NOTES, AND MORTGAGES
Loans, Notes, and Mortgages at December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000 are
presented below:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commercial:
In U.S. offices $ 8,565 $ 9,399
In offices outside the U.S. 1,710 1,438
-------- --------
Total commercial 10,275 10,837
-------- --------
Consumer:
In U.S. offices 8,730 6,635
-------- --------
Total $ 19,005 $ 17,472
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The above amounts are net of allowance for loan losses of $425 million and
$176 million as of December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000, respectively. The
increase in the allowance for loan losses in 2001 is primarily due to provisions
made in 2001 for certain syndicated loans.
The fair values of Loans, Notes, and Mortgages were approximately $18.9
billion and $17.5 billion at December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000,
respectively. Fair value for loans made in connection with merchant banking
activities, consisting primarily of senior debt, is estimated using discounted
cash flows. Merrill Lynch's estimate of fair value for other loans, notes, and
mortgages is determined based on loan characteristics. For certain homogeneous
categories of loans, including residential mortgages and home equity loans, fair
value is estimated using market price quotations or previously executed
transactions for securities backed by similar loans, adjusted for credit risk
and other individual loan characteristics. For Merrill Lynch's variable-rate
loan receivables, carrying value approximates fair value.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 8. COMMERCIAL PAPER AND SHORT-AND LONG-TERM BORROWINGS
Merrill Lynch issues U.S. and non-U.S. dollar-denominated debt instruments with
both variable and fixed interest rates, primarily at the ML & Co. level. These
borrowing activities may create exposure to market risk, most notably interest
rate and currency risk. Refer to Note 1 -- Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies, Derivatives section for additional information on the accounting
policy for derivatives.
PAGE 66
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
Borrowings at December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000 are presented below:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commercial paper and other
short-term borrowings
Commercial paper $ 2,950 $ 14,022
Other 2,191 1,161
-------- --------
Total $ 5,141 $ 15,183
======== ========
Long-term borrowings
Fixed-rate obligations:(1)
U.S. dollar-denominated $ 11,797 $ 12,680
Non-U.S. dollar-denominated 1,671 1,723
Zero-coupon contingent
convertible debt 2,383 -
Variable-rate obligations:(2)(3)
U.S. dollar-denominated 3,720 2,809
Non-U.S. dollar-denominated 4,014 2,089
Medium-term notes:(3)(4)
U.S. dollar-denominated 37,600 37,483
Non-U.S. dollar-denominated 15,387 13,439
-------- --------
Total $ 76,572 $ 70,223
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) At December 28, 2001, U.S. dollar-denominated fixed-rate obligations are
due between 2002 and 2028 at interest rates ranging from 2.4% to 8.4%;
non-U.S. dollar-denominated fixed-rate obligations are due 2002 to 2019 at
interest rates ranging from 0.38% to 7.63%.
(2) Variable interest rates are generally based on rates such as LIBOR, the
U.S. Treasury Bill Rate, or the Federal Funds Rate.
(3) Included are various equity-linked or other indexed instruments.
(4) The medium-term note program provides for issuances that may bear fixed or
variable interest rates and may have maturities that range up to 30 years
from the date of issue.
Long-term borrowings at December 28, 2001, based on their contractual
terms, mature as follows:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2002 $ 22,448
2003 15,042
2004 11,191
2005 4,124
2006 7,187
2007 and thereafter 16,580
--------
Total $ 76,572
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In May 2001, Merrill Lynch issued $4.6 billion of zero-coupon contingent
convertible debt (Liquid Yield Option/TM/ notes or LYONs(R)) at an issue price
of $511.08 per note, which resulted in gross proceeds of approximately $2.4
billion. The LYONs(R) are unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness of Merrill
Lynch with a maturity date of 30 years. Merrill Lynch will pay no interest prior
to maturity unless, during any six-month period commencing June 1, 2006, the
average market price of the LYONs(R) for a certain period exceeds 120% or more
of the accreted value of the LYONs(R). In the case that payment is required,
contingent interest will be equal to the greater of the common stock dividend
for that period or $.16 multiplied by the initial amount of shares into which
the LYONs(R) are convertible. Each note has a yield to maturity of 2.25% with a
maturity value of $1,000 on May 23, 2031. Merrill Lynch is amortizing the issue
discount using the effective interest method over the term of the LYONs(R). Each
LYONs(R) is convertible into 5.6787 shares of common stock if certain conditions
are met. Holders may require Merrill Lynch to purchase all or a portion of their
LYONs(R) on May 23, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021 and 2026 at accreted
value. Holders may also require Merrill Lynch to repurchase all or a portion of
the LYONs(R) upon a change in control occurring on or before May 23, 2006 at a
price equal to the accreted value. Merrill Lynch may elect to pay the purchase
price in cash, shares of common stock or any combination thereof. Merrill Lynch
may redeem all or a portion of the LYONs(R) at any time after May 23, 2006.
Certain long-term borrowing agreements contain provisions whereby the
borrowings are redeemable at the option of the holder at specified dates prior
to maturity. Management believes, however, that a significant portion of such
borrowings will remain outstanding beyond their earliest redemption date.
Merrill Lynch's debt obligations do not contain provisions that could, upon
an adverse change in ML & Co.'s credit rating, financial ratios, earnings, cash
flows, or stock price, trigger a requirement for an early payment, additional
collateral support, changes in terms, acceleration of maturity, or the creation
of an additional financial obligation. Merrill Lynch may issue structured notes
that, under certain circumstances, require Merrill Lynch to immediately settle
the obligation for cash or other securities. A limited number of structured
notes may be accelerated based on the value of the underlying securities.
Merrill Lynch typically hedges these notes with positions in the underlying
securities.
The effective weighted-average interest rates for borrowings, which include
the impact of hedges, at December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000 were:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commercial paper and other
short-term borrowings 2.00% 6.43%
Long-term borrowings 2.18 6.65
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The fair values of long-term borrowings and related hedges were $76.6
billion and $71.0 billion at December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000,
respectively. These fair values are estimated using current market prices and
pricing models.
Borrowing Facilities
Merrill Lynch has obtained a committed, senior unsecured revolving credit
facility aggregating $5 billion under an agreement with a syndicate of banks.
The agreement contains covenants requiring, among other things, that Merrill
Lynch maintain specified levels of net worth, as defined in the agreement, on
the date of an advance. At December 28, 2001, this credit facility was not drawn
upon.
The credit quality, amounts, and terms of this credit facility are
continually monitored and modified as warranted
PAGE 67
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
by business conditions. Under the existing agreement, the credit facility will
mature in May 2002.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 9. DEPOSITS
Deposits at December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000 are presented below:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S.
Savings Deposits $ 72,200 $ 52,275
Time Deposits 1,355 2,612
-------- --------
Total U.S. Deposits 73,555 54,887
-------- --------
Non-U.S.
Non-interest bearing 234 174
Interest bearing 12,030 12,587
-------- --------
Total Non-U.S. Deposits 12,264 12,761
-------- --------
Total Deposits $ 85,819 $ 67,648
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The effective weighted-average interest rates for deposits, which include
the impact of hedges, at December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000 were 1.74% and
5.71%, respectively. The fair values of deposits approximated carrying value at
December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 10. PREFERRED SECURITIES ISSUED BY SUBSIDIARIES
Preferred securities issued by subsidiaries, which represent preferred minority
interests in consolidated subsidiaries, primarily consist of perpetual
trust-issued preferred securities.
Trust Originated Preferred Securities/SM/ ("TOPrS"/SM/) were issued to
investors by trusts created by Merrill Lynch and are registered with the
Securities and Exchange Commission. Using the issuance proceeds, the trusts
purchased Partnership Preferred Securities, representing limited partnership
interests. Using the purchase proceeds, the limited partnerships extended loans
to ML & Co. and one or more subsidiaries of ML & Co. The trusts and partnerships
are consolidated subsidiaries of Merrill Lynch. ML & Co. has guaranteed, on a
subordinated basis, the payment in full of all distributions and other payments
on the TOPrS/SM/ to the extent that the trusts have funds legally available.
This guarantee and a similar partnership distribution guarantee are subordinated
to all other liabilities of ML & Co. and rank equally with preferred stock of
ML & Co.
The following table presents data related to the issuance of TOPrS/SM/ by
Merrill Lynch Capital Trust I, II, III, IV, and V. All TOPrS/SM/ issued have a
liquidation value of $25 per security, have a perpetual life, and can be
redeemed at the option of the trusts, in whole or in part, at the liquidation
value on or after their respective optional redemption dates (see chart below).
The holders of the TOPrS/SM/ do not have the right to redeem the securities.
Distributions, which are deductible for U.S. federal tax purposes, are payable
from the date of original issuance and are payable quarterly if, as, and when
the trusts have funds available for payment.
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Annual Optional
Distribution Issue Redemption Liquidation
TOPrS Rate Date Date Value
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I 7.75% Dec. 1996 Dec. 2006 $ 275
II 8.00 Feb. 1997 Mar. 2007 300
III 7.00 Jan. 1998 Mar. 2008 750
IV 7.12 Jun. 1998 Jun. 2008 400
V 7.28 Nov. 1998 Sep. 2008 850
Other(1) 2.70 Jul. 1999 Jun. 2004 76
-------
$ 2,651
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Represents Yen-denominated TOPrS issued by Merrill Lynch Yen TOPrS Trust I.
In addition, $44 million of preferred securities of other subsidiaries were
outstanding at year-end 2001.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 11. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND EARNINGS PER SHARE
PREFERRED EQUITY
ML & Co. is authorized to issue 25,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred
stock, $1.00 par value per share. All shares of currently outstanding preferred
stock constitute one and the same class that have equal rank and priority over
common stockholders as to dividends and in the event of liquidation.
9% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A
ML & Co. has issued 17,000,000 Depositary Shares, each representing a
one-four-hundredth interest in a share of 9% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series
A, liquidation preference value of $10,000 per share ("9% Preferred Stock"). The
9% Preferred Stock is a single series consisting of 42,500 shares with an
aggregate liquidation preference of $425 million, all of which was outstanding
at year-end 2001, 2000, and 1999.
Dividends on the 9% Preferred Stock are cumulative from the date of
original issue and are payable quarterly when declared by the authority of the
Board of Directors. The 9% Preferred Stock is perpetual and redeemable on or
after December 30, 2004 at the option of ML & Co., in whole or in part, at a
redemption price equal to $10,000 per share, plus accrued and unpaid dividends
(whether or not declared) to the date fixed for redemption.
COMMON STOCK
In 2001, stockholders approved the proposal to amend ML & Co.'s certificate of
incorporation to increase the authorized number of shares of common stock from
1 billion to 3 billion.
In 2000, the Board of Directors declared a two-for-one common stock split
effected in the form of a 100% stock dividend. The par value of the common stock
remained at $1.33 1/3 per share. Accordingly, a transfer from Paid-in capital to
Common stock and Exchangeable shares of $680 million was made to preserve the
par value of the post-split
Page 68
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
shares. All share and per share data have been restated for the effect of the
split. Dividends paid on common stock were $0.64, $0.61, and $0.53 per share in
2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively.
SHARES EXCHANGEABLE INTO COMMON STOCK
In 1998, Merrill Lynch & Co., Canada Ltd. issued 9,662,448 Exchangeable Shares
in connection with Merrill Lynch's merger with Midland Walwyn Inc. Holders of
Exchangeable Shares have dividend, voting, and other rights equivalent to those
of ML & Co. common stockholders. Exchangeable Shares may be exchanged at any
time, at the option of the holder, on a one-for-one basis for ML & Co. common
stock. Merrill Lynch may redeem all outstanding Exchangeable Shares for ML & Co.
common stock after January 31, 2011, or earlier under certain circumstances.
During 2001 and 2000, 458,971 and 3,364,320 Exchangeable Shares,
respectively, were converted to ML & Co. common stock. At year-end 2001,
4,195,407 Exchangeable Shares were outstanding, compared with 4,654,378 at
year-end 2000.
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Accumulated other comprehensive loss represents cumulative gains and losses on
items that are not reflected in earnings. The balances at December 28, 2001 and
December 29, 2000 are as follows:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Unrealized (losses), net of gains $ (103) $ (230)
Income taxes (199) (79)
------ ------
Total (302) (309)
------ ------
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment
securities available-for-sale
Unrealized (losses), net of gains (127) (57)
Adjustments for:
Policyholder liabilities (28) (18)
Deferred policy acquisition costs 2 15
Income taxes 61 24
------ ------
Total (92) (36)
------ ------
Deferred gains on cash flow hedges 36 -
------ ------
Minimum pension liability (10) -
------ ------
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss $ (368) $ (345)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
STOCKHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN
In 1997, the Board of Directors approved and adopted the amended and restated
Stockholder Rights Plan. The amended and restated Stockholder Rights Plan
provides for the distribution of preferred purchase rights ("Rights") to common
stockholders. The Rights separate from the common stock 10 days following the
earlier of: (a) an announcement of an acquisition by a person or group
("acquiring party") of 15% or more of the outstanding common shares of ML & Co.,
or (b) the commencement of a tender or exchange offer for 15% or more of the
common shares outstanding. One Right is attached to each outstanding share of
common stock and will attach to all subsequently issued shares. Each Right
entitles the holder to purchase 1/100 of a share (a "Unit") of Series A Junior
Preferred Stock, par value $1.00 per share, at an exercise price of $300 per
Unit at any time after the distribution of the Rights. The Units are
nonredeemable and have voting privileges and certain preferential dividend
rights. The exercise price and the number of Units issuable are subject to
adjustment to prevent dilution.
If, after the Rights have been distributed, either the acquiring party
holds 15% or more of ML & Co.'s outstanding shares or ML & Co. is a party to a
business combination or other specifically defined transaction, each Right
(other than those held by the acquiring party) will entitle the holder to
receive, upon exercise, a Unit of preferred stock or shares of common stock of
the surviving company with a value equal to two times the exercise price of the
Right. The Rights expire in 2007, and are redeemable at the option of a majority
of the directors of ML & Co. at $.01 per Right at any time until the 10th day
following an announcement of the acquisition of 15% or more of ML & Co.'s common
stock.
EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings per share ("EPS") is calculated by dividing earnings available to
common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding.
Diluted EPS is similar to basic EPS, but adjusts for the effect of the potential
issuance of common shares. The following table presents the computations of
basic and diluted EPS:
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net earnings $ 573 $ 3,784 $ 2,693
Preferred stock dividends 38 39 39
-------- -------- --------
Net earnings applicable to
common stockholders $ 535 $ 3,745 $ 2,654
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(shares in thousands)
Weighted-average basic
shares outstanding(1) 838,683 798,273 754,672
-------- -------- --------
Effect of dilutive instruments(2)
Employee stock options 53,336 68,190 55,701
FACAAP shares 27,305 29,637 31,894
Restricted shares
and units 19,173 15,251 11,138
ESPP shares 58 65 94
-------- -------- --------
Dilutive potential
common shares 99,872 113,143 98,827
-------- -------- --------
Diluted shares(3) 938,555 911,416 853,499
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Basic EPS $ 0.64 $ 4.69 $ 3.52
Diluted EPS 0.57 4.11 3.11
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Includes shares exchangeable into common stock.
(2) See Note 14 for a description of these instruments and issuances subsequent
to December 28, 2001.
(3) At year-end 2001, 2000, and 1999, there were 38,174; 1,456, and 3,150
instruments, respectively, that were considered antidilutive and thus were
not included in the above calculations.
PAGE 69
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
LITIGATION
As of December 28, 2001, Merrill Lynch has been named as party in various
actions, some of which involve claims for substantial amounts. Although the
results of legal actions cannot be predicted with certainty, it is the opinion
of management that the resolution of these actions will not have a material
adverse effect on the financial position of Merrill Lynch as set forth in the
Consolidated Financial Statements, but may be material to Merrill Lynch's
operating results for any particular period.
LENDING AND GUARANTEES
Merrill Lynch enters into commitments to extend credit, predominantly at
variable interest rates, in connection with certain merchant banking, corporate
finance, and loan syndication transactions. Customers may also be extended loans
or lines of credit collateralized by first and second mortgages on real estate,
certain liquid assets of small businesses, or securities. Merrill Lynch also
issues various guarantees to counterparties in connection with certain leasing,
securitization, and other transactions. These commitments and guarantees usually
have a fixed expiration date and are contingent on certain contractual
conditions that may require payment of a fee by the counterparty. Once
commitments are drawn upon or guarantees are issued, Merrill Lynch may require
the counterparty to post collateral depending upon creditworthiness and market
conditions.
The contractual amounts of these commitments and guarantees represent the
amounts at risk should the contract be fully drawn upon, the client defaults,
and the value of the existing collateral becomes worthless. The total amount of
outstanding commitments and guarantees may not represent future cash
requirements, as commitments and guarantees may expire without being drawn upon.
At December 28, 2001, Merrill Lynch had the following commitments and
guarantees with commitment expirations as follows:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Less
Commit- than 1-3 4-5 Over
ment 1 year years years 5 years
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commitments to
extend credit $ 17,833(1) $ 8,213 $ 3,945 $ 3,083 $ 2,592
Third-party
guarantees 316 205 94 7 10
SPE-related
commitments 12,647 11,441 65 581 560
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Approximately $5.4 billion relates to secured lending activities.
SPE-related commitments include liquidity facilities and default protection
to investors in securities issued by SPEs totaling $12 billion. The fair value
of these commitments approximate zero as of December 28, 2001 as these positions
are significantly overcollateralized. In addition, Merrill Lynch provides
guarantees to holders of notes issued by SPEs relating to the residual value of
property and equipment lease assets held by the SPEs.
The commitments to extend credit are comprised of commercial paper back-up
lines of credit, syndicated loans, mortgages and other institutional and retail
commitments to extend credit. The commitments do not include any amounts for
commitments related to margin lending.
LEASES
Merrill Lynch has entered into various noncancellable long-term lease agreements
for premises that expire through 2024. Merrill Lynch has also entered into
various noncancellable short-term lease agreements, which are primarily
commitments of less than one year under equipment leases.
Merrill Lynch established two SPEs to finance its newly constructed
Hopewell, New Jersey campus and an aircraft. Merrill Lynch leases the facilities
and the aircraft from the SPEs. The assets and liabilities of these SPEs are not
consolidated in the financial statements of Merrill Lynch as they meet the
accounting requirements of EITF Issue No. 90-15. More specifically, in addition
to the other requirements of EITF No. 90-15, both of these SPEs have third-party
investors who have made a substantive capital investment in the SPEs in the
amount of 3% that is at risk during the entire term of the lease. The total
amount of funds raised by the SPEs to finance these transactions was $321
million at December 28, 2001 and $217 million at December 29, 2000.
Merrill Lynch entered into a five-year lease with two five-year renewal
options with each of these SPEs. The minimum rental commitments for these
transactions are included in the table that follows. Merrill Lynch also has an
option to purchase the assets owned by the SPEs for the acquisition cost, upon
thirty days' notice.
If Merrill Lynch does not renew the leases or purchase the assets held by
the SPEs, the underlying assets will be sold to a third party. The proceeds of
such sale will be used to repay the notes and equity issued by the SPEs. Merrill
Lynch has guaranteed that the proceeds of such sale will amount to at least 85%
of the acquisition cost of the assets. This guarantee does not extend to the
equity investors. The maximum cash flow of this guarantee is reflected in the
preceding commitments and guarantees table.
PAGE 70
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
At December 28, 2001, future noncancellable minimum rental commitments
under leases with remaining terms exceeding one year are as follows:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WFC(1) Other Total
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2002 $ 150 $ 389(2) $ 539
2003 158 334 492
2004 179 298 477
2005 179 280 459
2006 179 247 426
2007 and
thereafter 1,207 884 2,091
------ ------ ------
Total $2,052 $2,432 $4,484
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) World Financial Center Headquarters.
(2) Includes $4.7 million of lease payments related to a leaseback of Private
Client technology equipment.
The minimum rental commitments shown above have not been reduced by $594
million of minimum sublease rentals to be received in the future under
noncancellable subleases. Certain leases contain renewal or purchase options or
escalation clauses providing for increased rental payments based upon
maintenance, utility, and tax increases.
Net rent expense for each of the last three years is presented below:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rent expense $ 651 $ 636 $ 589
Sublease revenue (106) (108) (101)
----- ----- -----
Net rent expense $ 545 $ 528 $ 488
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OTHER COMMITMENTS
In the normal course of business, Merrill Lynch enters into commitments for
underwriting transactions. Settlement of these transactions as of December 28,
2001 would not have a material effect on the consolidated financial condition of
Merrill Lynch.
In connection with trading activities, Merrill Lynch had commitments at
December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000 to enter into resale and repurchase
agreements as follows:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Resale agreements $ 7,046 $ 2,803
Repurchase agreements 4,142 3,504
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Merrill Lynch also obtains letters of credit from issuing banks to satisfy
various counterparty collateral requirements in lieu of depositing cash or
securities collateral. Letters of credit aggregated $1,687 million and $1,241
million at December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000, respectively.
In connection with merchant banking activities, Merrill Lynch has committed
to purchase $321 million and $670 million of partnership interests at December
28, 2001 and December 29, 2000, respectively.
Merrill Lynch has entered into agreements with providers of market data,
communications, and systems consulting services. At December 28, 2001 minimum
fee commitments over the remaining life of these agreements aggregated $349
million.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 13. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Merrill Lynch provides retirement and other postemployment benefits to its
employees worldwide through defined contribution and defined benefit pension
plans and other postretirement benefit plans. Merrill Lynch reserves the right
to amend or terminate these plans at any time.
In 1999, Merrill Lynch changed its measurement date for both its defined
benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans from year-end to
September quarter-end.
DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PENSION PLANS
The U.S. defined contribution plans consist of the Retirement Accumulation Plan
("RAP"), the Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP"), and the 401(k) Savings &
Investment Plan ("401K"). The RAP, ESOP, and 401K cover substantially all U.S.
employees who have met service requirements.
Merrill Lynch established the RAP and the ESOP, collectively known as the
"Retirement Program," for the benefit of employees with a minimum of one year of
service. A separate retirement account is maintained for each participant. Under
the RAP, employees are given the opportunity to invest their retirement savings
in a number of different investment alternatives. Under the ESOP, all retirement
savings are in ML&Co. common stock, until employees reach the age of 55 and have
five years in the plan, when they are given the opportunity to diversify.
In 1989, the ESOP trust purchased from Merrill Lynch 95.7 million shares of
ML & Co. common stock with residual funds from a terminated defined benefit
pension plan ("Reversion Shares") and loan proceeds from a subsidiary of Merrill
Lynch ("Leveraged Shares").
Merrill Lynch credited each participant's account and recorded pension
expense under the Retirement Program based on years of service and eligible
compensation. This expense was funded by quarterly allocations of Leveraged and
Reversion Shares and, when necessary, cash, to participants' accounts based on a
specified formula. Leveraged and Reversion Shares were released in accordance
with the terms of the ESOP. Reversion Shares were allocated to participants'
accounts over a period of eight years, ending in 1997. Leveraged Shares were
allocated to participants' accounts as principal was repaid on the loan to the
ESOP, which matured in 1999. Principal and interest on the loan were payable
quarterly upon receipt of dividends on certain shares of common stock or other
cash contributions. At December 31, 1999, all Leveraged and Reversion Shares had
been allocated.
PAGE 71
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
On July 17, 2001 Merrill Lynch merged the assets of the Herzog ESOP with
the Merrill Lynch ESOP. Merrill Lynch will allocate ESOP shares of Merrill Lynch
stock to all participants of the ESOP as principal and interest are repaid. A
loan payment of approximately $1 million was made in August 2001 and, as a
result, 75,768 shares are committed to participants as of year-end 2001. At
December 28, 2001, 1,124,260 shares were unallocated. These shares are scheduled
to be allocated to participants through 2006.
Additional information on ESOP activity follows:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compensation costs funded
with ESOP shares $ 5 $ 11 $ 49
Dividends used for debt service - - 2(1)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Dividends on all Merrill Lynch ESOP Leveraged Shares were used for debt
service on the ESOP loan through April 1, 1999. Dividends on unallocated
Leveraged Shares only were used for this purpose through the end of the
1999 third quarter, when the loan was repaid.
Employees can participate in the 401K by contributing, on a tax-deferred
basis, up to 15% of their eligible compensation, but not more than the maximum
annual amount allowed by law. Employees are given the opportunity to invest
their 401K contributions in a number of different investment alternatives
including ML&Co. common stock. Merrill Lynch's contributions are made in cash,
and are equal to one-half of the first 6% of each participant's eligible
compensation contributed to the 401K, up to a maximum of two thousand dollars
annually. No corporate contributions are made for participants who are also
Employee Stock Purchase Plan participants (see Note 14).
Merrill Lynch also sponsors various non-U.S. defined contribution plans.
The costs of benefits under the RAP, 401K, and non-U.S. plans are expensed
during the related service period.
DEFINED BENEFIT PENSION PLANS
Merrill Lynch has purchased a group annuity contract that guarantees the payment
of benefits vested under a U.S. defined benefit plan that was terminated in
accordance with the applicable provisions of the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA"). At year-end 2001 and 2000, a substantial portion
of the assets supporting the annuity contract was invested in U.S. Government
and agencies securities. Merrill Lynch, under a supplemental agreement, may be
responsible for, or benefit from, actual experience and investment performance
of the annuity assets. Merrill Lynch also maintains supplemental defined benefit
plans for certain U.S. employees.
Employees of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries participate in various local
defined benefit plans. These plans provide benefits that are generally based on
years of credited service and a percentage of the employee's eligible
compensation during the final years of employment. Merrill Lynch's funding
policy has been to contribute annually the amount necessary to satisfy local
funding standards.
The following table provides a summary of the changes in the plans' benefit
obligations, assets, and funded status for the twelve-month periods ended
September 28, 2001 and September 29, 2000 and the amounts recognized in the
Consolidated Balance Sheets at year-end 2001 and 2000:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Projected benefit obligations
Balance, beginning of year $ 1,870 $ 1,987
Service cost 43 45
Interest cost 129 127
Net actuarial (gain) loss 108 (156)
Benefits paid (120) (89)
Other (16) (44)
------- -------
Balance, end of period 2,014 1,870
------- -------
Fair value of plan assets
Balance, beginning of year 2,379 2,216
Actual return on plan assets 188 247
Contributions 69 41
Benefits paid (120) (89)
Other (16) (36)
------- -------
Balance, end of period 2,500 2,379
------- -------
Funded status 486 509
Unrecognized net actuarial (gains) (255) (343)
Unrecognized prior service benefit (1) (1)
Unrecognized net transition obligation 1 1
Fourth-quarter activity, net 11 10
------- -------
Net amount recognized $ 242 $ 176
======= =======
Assets $ 282 $ 258
Liabilities (50) (82)
Other comprehensive income 10 -
------- -------
Net amount recognized $ 242 $ 176
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation, and fair
value of plan assets for pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in
excess of plan assets were $561 million, $461 million, and $416 million,
respectively, as of September 28, 2001, and $118 million, $111 million, and $61
million, respectively, as of September 29, 2000. These plans primarily represent
U.S. supplemental plans not subject to ERISA or non-U.S. plans where funding
strategies vary due to legal requirements and local practices.
The actuarial assumptions used in calculating the projected benefit
obligation at September 28, 2001 and September 29, 2000 are as follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Discount rate 6.7% 7.1%
Rate of compensation increase 4.3 4.4
Expected rate of return on plan assets 6.6 7.7
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PAGE 72
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
Pension cost included the following components:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Defined contribution plan cost $ 256 $ 244 $ 234
----- ----- -----
Defined benefit plans
Service cost for benefits earned
during the year 43 45 49
Interest cost on
projected benefit obligations 129 127 114
Expected return on plan assets (157) (150) (136)
Amortization of unrecognized items
and other (9) (14) -
----- ----- -----
Total defined benefit plan cost 6 8 27
----- ----- -----
Total pension cost $ 262 $ 252 $ 261
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
OTHER THAN PENSIONS
Merrill Lynch provides health and life insurance benefits to retired employees
under a plan that covers substantially all U.S. employees who have met age and
service requirements. The health care component is contributory, with certain
retiree contributions adjusted periodically; the life insurance component of the
plan is noncontributory. The accounting for costs of health care benefits
anticipates future changes in cost-sharing provisions. Merrill Lynch pays claims
as incurred. Full-time employees of Merrill Lynch become eligible for these
benefits upon attainment of age 55 and completion of ten years of service.
Merrill Lynch also sponsors similar plans that provide health care benefits to
retired employees of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries. As of December 28, 2001,
none of these plans had been funded.
The following table provides a summary of the changes in the plans' benefit
obligations, assets, and funded status for the twelve-month periods ended
September 28, 2001 and September 29, 2000, and the amounts recognized in the
Consolidated Balance Sheets at year-end 2001 and 2000:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accumulated benefit obligations
Balance, beginning of year $ 199 $ 194
Service cost 8 7
Interest cost 16 14
Net actuarial (gain) loss 44 (11)
Benefits paid (12) (9)
Other 5 4
----- -----
Balance, end of period 260 199
----- -----
Fair value of plan assets
Balance, beginning of year - -
Contributions 12 8
Benefits paid (12) (8)
----- -----
Balance, end of period - -
----- -----
Funded status (260) (199)
Unrecognized net actuarial (gains) (4) (47)
Unrecognized prior service cost 3 4
Fourth-quarter activity, net 3 2
----- -----
Accrued benefit liabilities $(258) $(240)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The actuarial assumptions used in calculating the postretirement
accumulated benefit obligations at September 28, 2001 and September 29, 2000
are as follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Discount rate 7.0% 7.5%
Health care cost trend rates(1)
Initial 8.9 7.9
2010 and thereafter 5.0 5.0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Assumed to decrease gradually until 2010 and remain constant thereafter.
Other postretirement benefits cost included the following components:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Service cost $ 8 $ 7 $ 9
Interest cost 16 14 14
Other 8 - (4)
---- ---- ----
Total other postretirement
benefits cost $ 32 $ 21 $ 19
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The assumed health care cost trend rate has a significant effect on the
amounts reported for the postretirement health care plans. A one percent change
in the assumed health care cost trend rate would have the following effects:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1% Increase 1% Decrease
------------ ------------
2001 2000 2001 2000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Effect on:
Other postretirement
benefits cost $ 5 $ 4 $ (4) $ (3)
Accumulated benefit
obligation 45 31 (36) (25)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
POSTEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS
Merrill Lynch provides certain postemployment benefits for employees on extended
leave due to injury or illness and for terminated employees. Employees who are
disabled due to non-work-related illness or injury are entitled to disability
income, medical coverage, and life insurance. Merrill Lynch also provides
severance benefits to terminated employees. In addition, Merrill Lynch is
mandated by U.S. state and federal regulations to provide certain other
postemployment benefits. Merrill Lynch funds these benefits through a
combination of self-insured and insured plans.
Merrill Lynch recognized $298 million, $117 million, and $33 million in
2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively, of postemployment benefits expense, which
included severance costs for terminated employees of $281 million, $70 million,
and $26 million in 2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively. The 2001 severance costs
exclude costs related to the restructuring and other charges recorded in the
fourth quarter of 2001. (See Note 2 -- Other Significant Events for additional
information). Although all full-time employees are eligible for severance
benefits, no additional amounts were accrued as of December 28, 2001 since
future severance costs are not estimable.
PAGE 73
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 14. EMPLOYEE INCENTIVE PLANS
To align the interests of employees with those of stockholders, Merrill Lynch
sponsors several employee compensation plans that provide eligible employees
with stock or options to purchase shares. The total compensation cost recognized
in earnings for stock-based compensation plans for 2001, 2000, and 1999 was $732
million, $633 million, and $463 million, respectively. The 2001 costs exclude
restructuring related costs discussed in Note 2 -- Other Significant Events.
Merrill Lynch also sponsors deferred cash compensation plans for eligible
employees.
LONG-TERM INCENTIVE COMPENSATION PLANS
("LTIC PLANS") AND EQUITY CAPITAL
ACCUMULATION PLAN ("ECAP")
LTIC Plans and ECAP provide for grants of equity and equity-related instruments
to certain employees. LTIC Plans provide for the issuance of Restricted Shares,
Restricted Units, and Non-qualified Stock Options, as well as Incentive Stock
Options, Performance Shares, Performance Units, Performance Options, Stock
Appreciation Rights, and other securities of Merrill Lynch. ECAP provides for
the issuance of Restricted Shares, as well as Performance Shares. All plans
under both LTIC and ECAP may be satisfied using either treasury or newly issued
shares. As of December 28, 2001, no instruments other than Restricted Shares,
Restricted Units, Non-qualified Stock Options, and Performance Options had been
granted.
Restricted Shares and Units
Restricted Shares are shares of ML & Co. common stock carrying voting and
dividend rights. A Restricted Unit is deemed equivalent in fair market value to
one share of common stock. Awards are settled in shares of common stock.
Recipients of Restricted Unit awards receive cash payments equivalent to
dividends. Under these plans, such shares and units are restricted from sale,
transfer, or assignment until the end of the restricted period, and such shares
and units are subject to forfeiture during the vesting period, generally three
years, for grants under LTIC Plans or the restricted period for grants under
ECAP.
The activity for Restricted Shares and Units under these plans during 2001
and 2000 follows:
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LTIC Plans ECAP
------------------------ ----------
Restricted Restricted Restricted
Shares Units Shares
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Authorized for issuance at:
December 28, 2001 660,000,000 N/A 104,800,000
December 29, 2000 560,000,000 N/A 104,800,000
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Available for issuance at:(1)
December 28, 2001 163,316,331 N/A 10,738,237
December 29, 2000 80,562,524 N/A 4,013,790
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding, end of 1999 26,292,892 25,337,225 7,657,832
Granted - 2000 209,313 17,746,449 18,927
Paid, forfeited, or released
from contingencies (7,790,512) (7,925,185) (7,303,458)
----------- ---------- -----------
Outstanding, end of 2000 18,711,693 35,158,489 373,301
Granted - 2001 1,254,182 9,129,715 11,759
Paid, forfeited, or released
from contingencies (7,508,504) (9,340,931) (8,982)
----------- ---------- -----------
Outstanding, end of 2001(2) 12,457,371 34,947,273 376,078
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Includes shares reserved for issuance upon the exercise of stock options.
(2) In 2002, 1,353,481 and 12,353,105 Restricted Shares and Units under LTIC
Plans, respectively, were granted to eligible employees.
The weighted-average fair value per share or unit for 2001, 2000, and 1999
grants follows:
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LTIC Plans
Restricted Shares $ 75.76 $ 45.09 $ 37.90
Restricted Units 74.52 46.52 37.49
ECAP Restricted Shares 60.51 52.67 42.68
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Merrill Lynch sponsors other plans similar to LTIC Plans in which
restricted shares and units are granted to employees and non-employee directors.
The table that follows summarizes information related to restricted shares and
units for these other plans:
PAGE 74
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Restricted Restricted
Shares Units
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Authorized for Issuance at:
December 28, 2001 3,800,000 N/A
December 29, 2000 3,800,000 N/A
Outstanding at:
December 28, 2001 99,567 23,225
December 29, 2000 278,177 43,190
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NON-QUALIFIED STOCK OPTIONS
Non-qualified Stock Options granted under LTIC Plans in 1989 through 1995
generally became exercisable over four years in equal installments commencing
one year after the date of grant. Options granted in 1996 through 2000 generally
are exercisable over five years. Beginning in 2001, new option grants become
exercisable after approximately six months. The exercise price of these options
is equal to 100% of the fair market value (as defined in LTIC Plans) of a share
of ML & Co. common stock on the date of grant. Non-qualified Stock Options
expire ten years after their grant date.
The activity for Non-qualified Stock Options under LTIC Plans for 2001,
2000, and 1999 follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Weighted-
Average
Options Exercise
Outstanding Price
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding, beginning of 1999 148,761,186 $ 14.99
Granted -- 1999 59,849,880 36.00
Exercised (14,970,240) 8.95
Forfeited (5,636,320) 31.94
------------
Outstanding, end of 1999 188,004,506 27.99
Granted -- 2000 39,839,546 43.83
Exercised (35,672,581) 15.47
Forfeited (5,116,248) 34.47
------------
Outstanding, end of 2000 187,055,223 27.48
Granted -- 2001 35,136,631 76.49
Exercised (23,558,452) 17.19
Forfeited (4,182,983) 38.69
------------
Outstanding, end of 2001(1) 194,450,419 37.36
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) In January 2002, 44,970,614 Non-qualified Stock Options were granted to
eligible employees.
At year-end 2001, 2000, and 1999, options exercisable under LTIC Plans were
126,979,165, 92,776,119, and 83,568,708, respectively.
The table below summarizes information related to outstanding and
exercisable options at year-end 2001:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
---------------------------------------------- --------------------------
Weighted- Weighted- Weighted-
Average Average Average
Exercise Number Exercise Remaining Number Exercise
Price Outstanding Price Life (Years)(1) Exercisable Price
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$ 7.00 - $14.99 40,757,581 $10.69 2.78 40,757,581 $10.69
$15.00 - $31.99 38,486,727 25.59 5.68 27,375,103 24.85
$32.00 - $42.99 43,923,553 36.21 7.13 17,503,230 36.11
$43.00 - $60.99 37,649,508 43.88 8.09 7,710,201 43.87
$61.00 - $77.99 33,633,050 77.41 9.10 33,633,050 77.41
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) Based on original contractual life of ten years.
The weighted-average fair value of options granted in 2001, 2000, and 1999
was $31.80, $18.05, and $12.39 per option, respectively. Fair value is estimated
as of the grant date based on a Black-Scholes option pricing model using the
following weighted-average assumptions:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Risk-free interest rate 5.05% 6.73% 4.67%
Expected life 5 yrs. 5 yrs. 5 yrs.
Expected volatility 42.84% 40.64% 40.89%
Dividend yield 0.84% 1.23% 1.33%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See Pro Forma Compensation Expense in the following Employee Stock Purchase
Plans section for additional information.
EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLANS ("ESPP")
ESPP plans allow eligible employees to invest from 1% to 10% of their eligible
compensation to purchase ML & Co. common stock at a price generally equal to 85%
of its fair market value. These purchases are made on four quarterly investment
dates through payroll deductions. Up to 100,600,000 shares of common stock have
been authorized for issuance under ESPP. The activity in ESPP during 2001, 2000,
and 1999 follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Available, beginning
of year 6,518,168 8,949,796 11,702,344
Authorized during year 25,000,000 - -
Purchased through
plan (2,093,101) (2,431,628) (2,752,548)
---------- ---------- ----------
Available, end of year 29,425,067 6,518,168 8,949,796
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PAGE 75
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
The weighted-average fair value of ESPP stock purchase rights exercised by
employees in 2001, 2000, and 1999 was $8.78, $7.30, and $6.25 per right,
respectively.
Pro Forma Compensation Expense
No compensation expense has been recognized for Merrill Lynch's grants of stock
options under LTIC Plans or ESPP purchase rights (see Note 1 -- Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies, Stock-Based Compensation section for accounting
policy). Pro forma compensation expense associated with option grants is
recognized over the vesting period. Based on the fair value of stock options and
purchase rights, Merrill Lynch would have recognized compensation expense, net
of taxes, of $854 million, $348 million, and $291 million for 2001, 2000, and
1999, respectively, resulting in pro forma net earnings (loss) and earnings
(loss) per share as follows:
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net earnings (loss)
As reported $ 573 $ 3,784 $ 2,693
Pro forma (281) 3,436 2,402
Earnings (loss) per share
As reported:
Basic $ 0.64 $ 4.69 $ 3.52
Diluted 0.57 4.11 3.11
Pro forma:
Basic (0.38) 4.26 3.13
Diluted (0.38) 3.73 2.77
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL ADVISOR CAPITAL ACCUMULATION AWARD PLANS ("FACAAP")
Under FACAAP, eligible employees in Merrill Lynch's Private Client group are
granted awards generally based upon their prior year's performance. Payment for
an award is contingent upon continued employment for a period of time and is
subject to forfeiture during that period. The award is generally payable ten
years from the date of grant in a fixed number of shares of ML & Co. common
stock unless the fair market value of such shares is less than a specified
minimum value plus interest, in which case the minimum value plus interest, is
paid in cash. Eligible participants may defer awards beyond the scheduled
payment date. Only shares of common stock held as treasury stock may be issued
under FACAAP.
At December 28, 2001, shares subject to outstanding awards totaled
50,102,357, while 28,915,344 shares were available for issuance through future
awards. The fair value of awards granted under FACAAP during 2001, 2000, and
1999 was $64.60, $41.55, and $35.72 per award, respectively.
INCENTIVE EQUITY PURCHASE PLAN ("IEPP")
IEPP allowed selected employees to purchase shares of ML & Co. common stock
("Book Value Shares") at a price equal to book value per common share. Book
Value Shares, which otherwise may not be resold, may be sold back to Merrill
Lynch at book value or exchanged at any time for a specified number of freely
transferable common shares. Book Value Shares outstanding under IEPP were
2,947,100 at December 28, 2001. In 1995, IEPP was amended to reduce the
authorized shares to zero and prohibit the reuse of any surrendered shares. No
further offerings will be made under this plan.
MERRILL LYNCH INVESTMENT CERTIFICATE PROGRAM ("MLICP")
Under MLICP, eligible employees in Merrill Lynch's Private Client group are
issued investment certificates based on their performance. The certificates
mature ten years from the date issued and are payable in cash if certain
performance criteria are achieved and the employee is continuously employed for
the ten-year period, with certain exceptions. The certificates bear interest
commencing with the date on which the performance requirements are achieved. As
of year-end 2001 and 2000, $138 million and $473 million, respectively, were
accrued under this plan.
OTHER COMPENSATION ARRANGEMENTS
Merrill Lynch sponsors other deferred compensation plans in which eligible
employees, who meet certain minimum compensation and net worth levels, may
participate. Contributions to the plans are made on a tax-deferred basis by
participants. As directed by the employee, contributions are invested by Merrill
Lynch in mutual funds and other funds including company-sponsored investment
vehicles that qualify as employee securities companies. Deferred amounts indexed
to this investment option are augmented by "leverage" by Merrill Lynch on a
two-for-one basis. This leverage bears interest and is repaid with accrued
interest as the distributions are made to participants. The plans' investments
and the amounts accrued by Merrill Lynch under the plans are both included in
the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Plan investments totaled $1.8 billion and $1.1
billion, respectively, at December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000. Accrued
liabilities at year-end 2001 and 2000 were $1.1 billion and $1.0 billion,
respectively. Certain Merrill Lynch employees, who manage the assets of certain
of these plan partnerships, participate in the profits of these entities.
Merrill Lynch also allows certain qualified high-net-worth employees to
invest in certain private equity investments in selected third-party funds.
PAGE 76
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 15. INCOME TAXES
Income tax provisions (benefits) on earnings consisted of:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. federal
Current $ 950 $ 861 $ 816
Deferred (573) 41 (80)
U.S. state and local
Current 38 101 (23)
Deferred (103) 29 (42)
Non-U.S.
Current 404 574 617
Deferred (107) 132 31
----- ------- --------
Total $ 609 $ 1,738 $ 1,319
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The corporate statutory U.S. federal tax rate was 35.0% for the three years
presented. A reconciliation of statutory U.S. federal income taxes to Merrill
Lynch's income tax provisions for earnings follows:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. federal income tax at
statutory rate $ 482 $ 2,001 $ 1,472
U.S. state and local
income taxes, net (43) 85 (40)
Non-U.S. operations (130) (194) (80)
Tax-exempt interest (90) (62) (64)
Dividends received deduction (29) (37) (28)
Valuation allowance related to
net operating losses 334 - -
Other, net 85 (55) 59
----- ------- -------
Income tax expense $ 609 $ 1,738 $ 1,319
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred income taxes are provided for the effects of temporary differences
between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its reported amount in the
Consolidated Balance Sheets. These temporary differences result in taxable or
deductible amounts in future years. Details of Merrill Lynch's deferred tax
assets and liabilities follow:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred tax assets
Deferred compensation $ 1,268 $ 1,078 $ 1,020
Valuation and other reserves 843 546 783
Employee benefits 124 187 185
Restructuring related 616 - -
Other 771 559 621
------- ------- -------
Gross deferred tax assets 3,622 2,370 2,609
Valuation allowances (375) (41) (82)
------- ------- -------
Total deferred tax assets 3,247 2,329 2,527
------- ------- -------
Deferred tax liabilities
Lease transactions 178 202 143
Employee benefits 90 81 74
Other 467 364 296
------- ------- -------
Total deferred tax liabilities 735 647 513
------- ------- -------
Net deferred tax assets $ 2,512 $ 1,682 $ 2,014
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
At December 28, 2001, Merrill Lynch had U.S. net operating loss
carryforwards of approximately $200 million and non-U.S. net operating loss
carryforwards of $1.3 billion. The U.S. amounts are primarily state
carryforwards expiring in various years after 2005 and the non-U.S. amounts are
primarily U.K. carryforwards expiring in various years after 2002.
The valuation allowance in 2001 increased due to non-deductible prior and
current year losses associated with the refocusing of the Japan Private Client
business in connection with the restructuring. Refer to Note 2 -- Other
Significant Events for additional information.
Income tax benefits of $790 million, $800 million, and $281 million were
allocated to stockholders' equity related to employee compensation transactions
for 2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively.
Earnings before income taxes included approximately $755 million, $2,293
million, and $1,447 million of earnings attributable to non-U.S. subsidiaries
for 2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively. Cumulative undistributed earnings of
non-U.S. subsidiaries were approximately $4.8 billion at December 28, 2001. No
deferred U.S. federal income taxes have been provided for the undistributed
earnings to the extent that they are permanently reinvested in Merrill Lynch's
non-U.S. operations. It is not practicable to determine the amount of additional
tax that may be payable in the event these earnings are repatriated.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 16. REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS AND DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS
Certain U.S. and non-U.S. subsidiaries are subject to various securities,
banking, and insurance regulations and capital adequacy requirements promulgated
by the regulatory and exchange authorities of the countries in which they
operate. Merrill Lynch's principal regulated subsidiaries are discussed below.
SECURITIES REGULATION
MLPF&S, a U.S. registered broker-dealer and futures commission merchant, is
subject to the net capital requirements of Rule 15c3-1 under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 and capital requirements of the Commodities Futures Trading
Commission ("CFTC"). Under the alternative method permitted by Rule 15c3-1, the
minimum required net capital, as defined, shall not be less than 2% of aggregate
debit items ("ADI") arising from customer transactions. The CFTC also requires
that minimum net capital should not be less than 4% of segregated and secured
requirements. At December 28, 2001, MLPF&S's regulatory net capital of $2,521
million was approximately 14% of aggregate debit items, and its regulatory net
capital in excess of the minimum required was $2,171 million at 2% of ADI. At
December 28, 2001, MLPF&S's regulatory net capital of $2,521 million exceeded
the CFTC minimum requirement of $187 million by $2,334 million.
PAGE 77
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
MLI, a U.K. registered broker-dealer, is subject to capital requirements of
the Financial Services Authority ("FSA"). Financial resources, as defined, must
exceed the total financial resources requirement of the FSA. At December 28,
2001, MLI's financial resources were $5,006 million, exceeding the minimum
requirement by $1,181 million.
MLGSI, a primary dealer in U.S. Government securities, is subject to the
capital adequacy requirements of the Government Securities Act of 1986. This
rule requires dealers to maintain liquid capital in excess of market and credit
risk, as defined, by 20% (a 1.2-to-1 capital-to-risk standard). At December 28,
2001, MLGSI's liquid capital of $1,318 million was 254% of its total market and
credit risk, and liquid capital in excess of the minimum required was $695
million.
BANKING REGULATION
Two subsidiaries of ML & Co., MLBUSA, and MLB&T are subject to certain minimum
aggregate capital requirements under applicable federal banking laws. Among
other things, Part 325 of the FDIC Regulations establishes levels of Risk-Based
Capital ("RBC") each institution must maintain and identifies the possible
actions the federal supervisory agency may take if a bank does not maintain
certain capital levels. RBC is defined as the ratios of (i) Tier I Capital or
Total Capital to (ii) average assets or risk-weighted assets. The following
table presents the actual capital ratios and amounts, for MLBUSA and MLB&T at
December 28, 2001 and December 29, 2000.
As shown below, MLBUSA and MLB&T each exceed the minimum bank regulatory
requirement for classification as a well-capitalized bank for Tier 1 leverage --
5%, Tier 1 capital -- 6% and Total capital -- 10%:
(dollars in millions)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
------------------ ------------------
Actual Actual
Ratio Amount Ratio Amount
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tier 1 leverage
(to average assets)
MLBUSA 5.61% $ 3,576 7.29% $ 3,017
MLB&T 6.90 1,047 5.89 841
Tier 1 capital
(to risk-weighted assets)
MLBUSA 14.30 3,576 10.60 3,017
MLB&T 20.47 1,047 10.26 841
Total capital
(to risk-weighted assets)
MLBUSA 15.44 3,860 10.79 3,072
MLB&T 20.48 1,048 10.28 843
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In April 2001, MLBUSA entered into a synthetic securitization of specified
reference portfolios of asset-backed securities ("ABS") owned by the institution
totaling in aggregate up to $20 billion. This synthetic securitization remained
effective as of December 28, 2001. In December 2000, MLBUSA and MLB&T each
entered into a synthetic securitization of specified reference portfolios of ABS
owned by each institution totaling in aggregate up to $20 billion. This
synthetic securitization was terminated on December 12, 2001. For both synthetic
securitizations, all of the ABS in the reference portfolios were rated AAA and
all were further insured as to principal and interest payments by an insurer
rated AAA. The synthetic securitizations allowed MLBUSA and MLB&T to reduce the
credit risk on the respective reference portfolios by means of credit default
swaps with a bankruptcy remote SPE. In turn, each of the SPEs issued a $20
million credit linked note ($40 million in total) to unaffiliated buyers. These
transactions resulted in reductions in MLBUSA's risk-weighted assets as of
December 28, 2001, and MLBUSA's and MLB&T's respective risk-weighted assets as
of December 29, 2000. MLBUSA retained a first risk of loss equity tranche of $1
million in each of these transactions.
As a result of the April 2001 transaction, MLBUSA was able to reduce
risk-weighted assets by $211 million at December 28, 2001, thereby increasing
its Tier I and Total RBC ratios by 12 basis points and 13 basis points,
respectively. As a result of the December 2000 transaction, MLBUSA was able to
reduce risk-weighted assets by $5,949 million at December 29, 2000, thereby
increasing its Tier 1 and Total RBC ratios by 183 and 186 basis points,
respectively; and MLB&T reduced risk-weighted assets by $2,815 million at
December 29, 2000, thereby increasing its Tier 1 and Total RBC ratios by 262 and
263 basis points, respectively. These structures did not result in a material
change in the distribution or concentration risk in the retained portfolio.
INSURANCE REGULATION
Merrill Lynch's insurance subsidiaries are subject to various regulatory
restrictions that limit the amount available for distribution as dividends. At
December 28, 2001, $562 million, representing 83% of the insurance subsidiaries'
net assets, was unavailable for distribution to Merrill Lynch.
OTHER
Approximately 60 other subsidiaries are subject to regulatory and other
requirements of the jurisdictions in which they operate. These regulatory
restrictions may limit the amounts that these subsidiaries can pay in dividends
or advance to Merrill Lynch. At December 28, 2001, restricted net assets of
these subsidiaries were $3.9 billion.
In addition, to satisfy rating agency standards, a credit intermediary
subsidiary of Merrill Lynch must also meet certain minimum capital requirements.
At December 28, 2001, this minimum capital requirement was $225 million.
With the exception of regulatory restrictions on subsidiaries' abilities to
pay dividends, there are no restrictions on ML & Co.'s present ability to pay
dividends on common stock, other than (1) ML & Co.'s obligation to make payments
on its preferred stock and TOPrS/SM/, and (2) the governing provisions of the
Delaware General Corporation Law.
PAGE 78
Merrill Lynch 2001 Annual Report
SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
(UNAUDITED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
QUARTERLY INFORMATION
The unaudited quarterly results of operations of Merrill Lynch for 2001 and 2000
are prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
and reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary
for a fair presentation of the results of operations for the periods presented.
Results of any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for a
full year.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------
For the Quarter Ended
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------
Dec. 28, Sept. 28, June 29, Mar. 30, Dec. 29, Sept. 29, June 30,
Mar. 31,
2001 2001 2001 2001 2000 2000
2000 2000
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
<C>
Total Revenues $ 7,574 $ 8,929 $ 10,320 $ 11,934 $ 11,661 $ 10,848 $ 11,044
$ 11,299
Interest Expense 2,822 3,784 4,747 5,524 5,396 4,704 4,204
3,782
-------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------
-- --------
Net Revenues 4,752 5,145 5,573 6,410 6,265 6,144 6,840
7,517
Non-Interest Expenses 6,264 4,459 4,721 5,059 4,957 4,833 5,427
5,832
-------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------
-- --------
Earnings (Loss) Before Income Taxes
and Dividends on Preferred Securities
Issued by Subsidiaries (1,512) 686 852 1,351 1,308 1,311 1,413
1,685
Income Tax Expense (Benefit) (297) 216 262 428 382 378 443
535
Dividends on Preferred Securities
Issued by Subsidiaries 49 48 49 49 49 48 49
49
-------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------
-- --------
Net Earnings (Loss) $ (1,264) $ 422 $ 541 $ 874 $ 877 $ 885 $ 921
$ 1,101
======== ======= ======== ======== ======== ======== ========
========
Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share:
Basic $ (1.51) $ 0.49 $ 0.63 $ 1.04 $ 1.07 $ 1.09 $
1.15 $ 1.40
Diluted (1.51) 0.44 0.56 0.92 0.93 0.94 1.01
1.24
</TABLE>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIVIDENDS PER COMMON SHARE
(declared and paid)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 $ .16 $ .16 $ .16 $ .16
2000 .14 .15 .16 .16
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
With the exception of regulatory restrictions on subsidiaries' abilities to
pay dividends, there are no restrictions on ML & Co.'s present ability to pay
dividends on common stock, other than (a) ML & Co.'s obligation to make payments
on its preferred stock and TOPrS/SM/, and (b) the governing provisions of the
Delaware General Corporation Law. Certain subsidiaries' ability to declare
dividends may also be limited (see Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements).
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
STOCKHOLDER INFORMATION
Consolidated Transaction Reporting System prices for ML & Co. common stock for
the specified calendar quarters are noted below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(at calendar period-end)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter
------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------
High Low High Low High Low High Low
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
2001 $ 80.00 $ 50.31 $ 71.50 $ 51.15 $ 59.85 $ 33.50 $ 54.65 $38.49
2000 57.59 36.31 61.16 42.25 74.63 56.81 73.50 54.75
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
The approximate number of holders of record of ML & Co. common stock as of
February 26, 2002 was 13,965. As of February 26, 2002, the closing price of ML &
Co. common stock as reported on the Consolidated Transaction Reporting System
was $48.50.
PAGE 79
EXHIBIT 21
Subsidiaries of the Registrant
------------------------------
The following are subsidiaries of ML & Co. as of February 26, 2002 and the
states or jurisdictions in which they are organized. Indentation indicates the
principal parent of each subsidiary. Except as otherwise specified, in each case
ML & Co. owns, directly or indirectly, at least 99% of the voting securities of
each subsidiary. The names of particular subsidiaries have been omitted because,
considered in the aggregate as a single subsidiary, they would not constitute,
as of the end of the year covered by this report, a "significant subsidiary" as
that term is defined in Rule 1.02(w) of Regulation S-X under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Name State or Jurisdiction of Entity
- ---- -------------------------------
<S> <C>
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. Delaware
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated/1/ Delaware
Broadcort Capital Corp. Delaware
Merrill Lynch Life Agency Inc./2/ Washington
Merrill Lynch Professional Clearing Corp./3/ Delaware
Merrill Lynch Capital Services, Inc. Delaware
Merrill Lynch Government Securities, Inc. Delaware
Merrill Lynch Money Markets Inc. Delaware
Merrill Lynch Group, Inc. Delaware
Merrill Lynch Investment Managers Group Limited/4/ England
Merrill Lynch Investment Managers Holdings Limited England
Merrill Lynch Investment Managers Limited England
Merrill Lynch Investment Managers, L.P./5/ Delaware
MLIM Alternative Strategies LLC Delaware
Merrill Lynch Capital Partners, Inc. Delaware
Merrill Lynch Bank & Trust Co. New Jersey
Merrill Lynch Insurance Group, Inc. Delaware
Merrill Lynch Life Insurance Company Arkansas
ML Life Insurance Company of New York New York
Merrill Lynch International Finance Corporation New York
Merrill Lynch International Bank Limited England
Merrill Lynch Bank (Suisse) S.A. Switzerland
Merrill Lynch Group Holdings Limited Ireland
Merrill Lynch Capital Markets Bank Limited Ireland
Merrill Lynch Mortgage Capital Inc. Delaware
Merrill Lynch Trust Company FSB New Jersey
MLDP Holdings, Inc./6/ Delaware
Merrill Lynch Derivative Products AG Switzerland
ML IBK Positions, Inc. Delaware
Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation Delaware
</TABLE>
- ----------
1 MLPF&S also conducts business as "Merrill Lynch & Co."
2 Similarly named affiliates and subsidiaries that engage in the sale of life
insurance and annuity products are incorporated in various other jurisdictions.
3 The preferred stock of the corporation is owned by an unaffiliated group of
investors.
4 Held through several intermediate holding companies.
5 Merrill Lynch Investment Managers, L.P. is a limited partnership whose general
partner is Princeton Services, Inc. and whose limited partner is ML & Co.
6 Merrill Lynch Group, Inc. owns 100% of this corporation's outstanding common
voting stock. 100% of the outstanding preferred voting stock is held by outside
parties.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
ML Leasing Equipment Corp./7/ Delaware
Merrill Lynch Canada Holdings Company Nova Scotia
Merrill Lynch Canada Finance Company Nova Scotia
Merrill Lynch & Co., Canada Ltd. Ontario
Merrill Lynch Canada Inc. Canada
Merrill Lynch Bank USA Utah
Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services Inc. Delaware
Merrill Lynch Credit Corporation Delaware
Merrill Lynch New Jersey Investment Corporation New Jersey
Merrill Lynch Utah Investment Corporation Utah
Merrill Lynch International Incorporated Delaware
Merrill Lynch (Australasia) Pty Limited New South Wales, Australia
Merrill Lynch Finance (Australia) Pty Limited Victoria, Australia
Merrill Lynch International (Australia) Limited/8/ New South Wales, Australia
Merrill Lynch International Holdings Inc. Delaware
Merrill Lynch Bank and Trust Company (Cayman) Limited Cayman Islands, British
West Indies
Merrill Lynch Capital Markets AG Switzerland
Merrill Lynch Europe PLC England
Merrill Lynch Holdings Limited England
Merrill Lynch International/9/ England
Merrill Lynch Capital Markets Espana S.A. S.V.B. Spain
Merrill Lynch (Singapore) Pte. Ltd./10/ Singapore
Merrill Lynch South Africa (Pty) Ltd./11/ South Africa
Merrill Lynch Mexico, S.A. de C.V., Casa de Bolsa Mexico
Merrill Lynch S.A. Sociedad de Bolsa Argentina
Banco Merrill Lynch S.A. Brazil
Merrill Lynch S.A. Luxembourg
Merrill Lynch Europe Ltd. Cayman Islands, British
West Indies
Merrill Lynch France S.A. France
Merrill Lynch Finance S.A. France
Merrill Lynch Capital Markets (France) S.A. France
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith SAF France
Merrill Lynch (Asia Pacific) Limited Hong Kong
Merrill Lynch Far East Limited Hong Kong
Merrill Lynch Japan Securities Co., Ltd. Japan
Merrill Lynch Japan Finance Co., Ltd. Japan
Herzog, Heine, Geduld, LLC Delaware
</TABLE>
- ----------
7 This corporation has more than 45 direct or indirect subsidiaries operating
in the United States and serving as either general partners or associate general
partners of limited partnerships.
8 Held through an intermediate subsidiary.
9 Partially owned by another indirect subsidiary of ML & Co.
10 Held through intermediate subsidiaries.
11 Partially owned by another indirect subsidiary of ML & Co.
EXHIBIT 23
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' CONSENT
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration
Statements of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. and subsidiaries of our reports dated
February 25, 2002 appearing in and incorporated by reference in this Annual
Report on Form 10-K of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. and subsidiaries for the year
ended December 28, 2001.
Filed on Form S-8:
Registration Statement No. 33-41942 (1986 Employee Stock Purchase Plan)
Registration Statement No. 33-17908 (Incentive Equity Purchase Plan)
Registration Statement No. 33-33336 (Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan)
Registration Statement No. 33-51831 (Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan)
Registration Statement No. 33-51829 (401(k) Savings and Investment Plan)
Registration Statement No. 33-54154 (Non-Employee Directors' Equity Plan)
Registration Statement No. 33-54572 (401(k) Savings and Investment Plan
(Puerto Rico))
Registration Statement No. 33-56427 (Amended and Restated 1994 Deferred
Compensation Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees)
Registration Statement No. 33-55155 (1995 Deferred Compensation Plan
for a Select Group of Eligible Employees)
Registration Statement No. 33-60989 (1996 Deferred Compensation Plan
for a Select Group of Eligible Employees)
Registration Statement No. 333-00863 (401(k) Savings & Investment Plan)
Registration Statement No. 333-09779 (1997 Deferred Compensation Plan
for a Select Group of Eligible Employees)
Registration Statement No. 333-13367 (Restricted Stock Plan for Former
Employees of Hotchkis and Wiley)
1
Registration Statement No. 333-15009 (1997 KECALP Deferred Compensation
Plan for a Select Group of Eligible Employees)
Registration Statement No. 333-17099 (Deferred Unit and Stock Unit Plan
for Non-Employee Directors)
Registration Statement No. 333-18915 (Long-Term Incentive Compensation
Plan for Managers and Producers)
Registration Statement No. 333-32209 (1998 Deferred Compensation Plan
for a Select Group of Eligible Employees)
Registration Statement No. 333-33125 (Employee Stock Purchase Plan for
Employees of Merrill Lynch Partnerships)
Registration Statement No. 333-41425 (401(k) Savings & Investment Plan)
Registration Statement No. 333-56291 (Long-Term Incentive Compensation
Plan for Managers and Producers)
Registration Statement No. 333-60211 (1999 Deferred Compensation Plan
for a Select Group of Eligible Employees)
Registration Statement No. 333-62311 (Replacement Options; Midland
Walwyn Inc.)
Registration Statement No. 333-85421 (401(k) Savings and Investment Plan)
Registration Statement No. 333-85423 (2000 Deferred Compensation Plan
For a Select Group of Eligible Employees)
Registration Statement No. 333-92663 (Long-Term Incentive Compensation
Plan for Managers and Producers)
Registration Statement No. 333-44912 (2001 Deferred Compensation Plan for
a Select Group of Eligible Employees)
Registration Statement No. 333-64676 (1986 Employee Stock Purchase Plan)
Registration Statement No. 333-64674 (Long-Term Incentive Compensation
Plan for Managers and Producers)
Registration Statement No. 333-68330 (2002 Deferred Compensation Plan for
a Select Group of Eligible Employees)
Filed on Form S-3:
Debt Securities, Warrants, Common Stock, Preferred Securities, and/or
Depository Shares:
Registration Statement No. 33-54218
Registration Statement No. 2-78338
2
Registration Statement No. 2-89519
Registration Statement No. 2-83477
Registration Statement No. 33-03602
Registration Statement No. 33-17965
Registration Statement No. 33-27512
Registration Statement No. 33-33335
Registration Statement No. 33-35456
Registration Statement No. 33-42041
Registration Statement No. 33-45327
Registration Statement No. 33-45777
Registration Statement No. 33-49947
Registration Statement No. 33-51489
Registration Statement No. 33-52647
Registration Statement No. 33-55363
Registration Statement No. 33-60413
Registration Statement No. 33-61559
Registration Statement No. 33-65135
Registration Statement No. 333-13649
Registration Statement No. 333-16603
Registration Statement No. 333-20137
Registration Statement No. 333-25255
Registration Statement No. 333-28537
Registration Statement No. 333-42859
Registration Statement No. 333-44173
Registration Statement No. 333-59997
3
Registration Statement No. 333-68747
Registration Statement No. 333-38792
Registration Statement No. 333-52822
Registration Statement No. 333-83374
Medium Term Notes:
Registration Statement No. 2-96315
Registration Statement No. 33-03079
Registration Statement No. 33-05125
Registration Statement No. 33-09910
Registration Statement No. 33-16165
Registration Statement No. 33-19820
Registration Statement No. 33-23605
Registration Statement No. 33-27549
Registration Statement No. 33-38879
Other Securities:
Registration Statement No. 333-02275 (Long-Term Incentive Compensation
Plan)
Registration Statement No. 333-24889 (Long-Term Incentive Compensation
Plan, and Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan for Managers and
Producers)
Registration Statement No. 333-36651 (Hotchkis and Wiley Resale)
Registration Statement No. 333-59263 (Exchangeable Shares of Merrill
Lynch & Co., Canada Ltd. re: Midland Walwyn Inc.)
Registration Statement No. 333-67903 (Howard Johnson & Company Resale)
Registration Statement No. 333-45880 (Herzog, Heine, Geduld, Inc. Resale)
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
New York, New York
March 14, 2002
4
EXHIBIT 99(i)
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.:
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Merrill Lynch & Co.,
Inc. and its subsidiaries ("Merrill Lynch") as of December 28, 2001 and December
29, 2000, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 28, 2001,
and have issued our report thereon dated February 25, 2002. Such consolidated
financial statements and our report thereon are incorporated by reference in
Part II, Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K.
We have also previously audited, in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States of America, the consolidated balance sheets of
Merrill Lynch as of December 31, 1999, December 25, 1998 and December 26, 1997,
and the related consolidated statements of earnings, changes in stockholders'
equity, comprehensive income, and cash flows for the years ended December 25,
1998 and December 26, 1997 (none of which are presented herein); and we
expressed unqualified opinions on those consolidated financial statements. (Our
report on the 1999 consolidated financial statements included an explanatory
paragraph for the change in accounting method in 1998 for certain internal-use
software development costs to conform with Statement of Position 98-1.) In our
opinion, the information set forth in Exhibit 12 under the captions "Ratio of
Earnings to Fixed Charges" and "Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and
Preferred Stock Dividends" for each of the five years in the period ended
December 28, 2001 included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, is fairly stated,
in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated financial statements
from which it has been derived.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
New York, New York
February 25, 2002
EXHIBIT 99(ii)
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.:
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Merrill Lynch & Co.,
Inc. and its subsidiaries ("Merrill Lynch") as of December 28, 2001 and December
29, 2000 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 28, 2001
and have issued our report thereon dated February 25, 2002. Such consolidated
financial statements and our report thereon are incorporated by reference in
Part II, Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K.
We have also previously audited, in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States of America, the consolidated balance sheets of
Merrill Lynch as of December 31, 1999, December 25, 1998 and December 26, 1997,
and the related consolidated statements of earnings, changes in stockholders'
equity, comprehensive income, and cash flows for the years ended December 25,
1998 and December 26, 1997 (none of which are presented or incorporated by
reference herein); and we expressed unqualified opinions on those consolidated
financial statements. (Our report on the 1999 consolidated financial statements
included an explanatory paragraph for the change in accounting method in 1998
for certain internal-use software development costs to conform with Statement of
Position 98-1.) In our opinion, the information set forth in the "Selected
Financial Data" under the captions "Operating Results," "Financial Position" and
"Common Share Data" included in the 2001 Annual Report to Stockholders and
incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, is fairly stated
in all material respects in relation to the consolidated financial statements
from which it has been derived.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
New York, New York
February 25, 2002