U. S. Department of Justice
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Criminal Justice Information Services Division
Criminal Justice Information
Services Division
Uniform Crime Reporting Program
2021.1 National Incident-Based
Reporting System
User Manual
Document Date: 04/15/2021
Prepared by:
Criminal Justice Information Services Division
Global Law Enforcement Support Section
Crime Statistics Management Unit
04/15/2021 2021.1 NIBRS User Manual i
CHANGE DESCRIPTION SUMMARY
Revision Change Description Date
1.0
Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program Initial Release
01/17/2013
2.2
Addition of UCR State Program Bulletin/Quarterly Updates (May 2013–
July 2015)
• Modification of Data Element 35, Example 3
• Modification of Extortion/Blackmail description
• Modification of Statutory Rape description
• Addition of New Religious and Arab Bias Motivations and
Training Scenarios
• Modification of structure definition
• Modification of Counterfeiting/Forgery example
• Modification of Extortion/Blackmail explanation
• Modification of Justifiable Homicide, Theft From Motor Vehicle,
All Other Larceny, and All Other Offenses definitions
• Modification of Incident Date, Example 3
• Modification of Exceptional Clearance, Condition 4
• Modification of Valid Data Values (for drug types)
• Clarification of BE Relationship Code in Data Element 35
• Addition of Animal Cruelty Definition, Offense, Data Values, and
Training Scenario
• Addition of Identity-Related Fraud Offenses, Cyberspace
Location Code, and Training Scenarios
Other updates based on community feedback
10/06/2017
1.0
Addition of CJIS Advisory Policy Board recommendations. Collection to
begin January 1, 2019.
• Modification of Identity Theft explanation
• Modification of Negligent Manslaughter definition
• Addition of Identity Theft and Hacking/Computer Invasion to
Cargo Theft related offenses and Training Scenarios
• Addition of (Handheld Devices) to Data Value C = Computer
Equipment in Data Element 8 and Training Scenarios
• Addition of “/Vessel” to Data Value 35 = Motor Vehicle in Data
Element 13 and Training Scenarios
• Modification of Negligent Manslaughter explanation in Data
Element 31
• Modification of Data Value 06 = Lovers’ Quarrel to “Domestic
Violence” in Data Element 31
• Addition of Domestic and Family Violence Definition in Data
Element 31 and Training Scenarios
03/30/2018
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2021.1 NIBRS User Manual ii
• Modification of mandatory statement in Data Element 34 to
collect Crime Against Property offenses
• Addition of all Crime Against Property offenses in Data Element
34
• Modification of mandatory statement in Data Element 35 to
collect Crime Against Property offenses
• Addition of all Crime Against Property offenses in Data Element
35
• Addition of Data Value XR = Ex-Relationship in Data Element 35
2019.1
Revisions due to recommendations of CJIS Advisory Policy Board.
• 2.3 Group A and Group B Offense Listing – Removed Sex
Offenses, Consensual Heading’
• 2.4 Offense Definitions – Removed ‘Non-forcible’ verbiage from
36A–36B Sex Offenses, Non-forcible heading and definition
• 2.5 Offense Lookup Table – Incest Offense; removed ‘Non-
forcible and Incest’ from the description
• 2.5 Offense Lookup Table – Removed Sexual Offenses, Non-
forcible; combined statutory rape and incest offenses with listing
of other Sexual Offenses
• Appendix B – Expanded and New Offense Definitions; removed
all Sexual Offenses, non-forcible verbiage
07/31/2018
2019.2
• Updates for new NIBRS offense codes, to be reported by federal
and tribal law enforcement agencies only, and definitions for 2.3
Group A and Group B Offense Listing – Group A Offenses Table,
2.4 Offense Definitions – Group A Offenses, and 2.5 Offense
Lookup Table – Immigration Law Violations (NIBRS Offense
Codes) and Smuggling, Alien (NIBRS Offense Codes)
• Updates for 2.5 Offense Lookup Table
• Update Group A offense categories to 28, Group A offenses to
71, Group B to categories and offenses to 13, and three-digit
UCR offense codes to 84
• Update Notes to document proper offense code
• Added 3, 4, 5, and 6 under Exceptions to the coding convention
of Group A offenses within Group A Offense Codes
• Addition of NIBRS Codes and NIBRS Extensible Markup
Language (XML) Literal Values for Data Element 1A (Federal
Judicial Districts [JD])
• Update Data Element 35 (Relationship to Victim Offender) to
include ‘Crime Against Property’ and removed the ‘as of January
1, 2019’ language
• Update 1.4 Jurisdiction, number two, to include clarification
regarding Jurisdiction and reporting of new offenses
• Remove the word ‘Forcible’ from Sex Offenses in the 2.5 Offense
Lookup Table
• Remove statements in Data Element 8 referencing beginning
and/or effective January 1, 2019
• Remove dated verbiage in 09B Negligent Manslaughter, current
verbiage remains for clarifying statement and Note
• Confirmed Change Description Summary includes all revisions
05/04/2020
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2021.1 NIBRS User Manual iii
• Ensure “Nonforcible” verbiage was removed in text and tables as
noted in 2019.1 per recommendations of CJIS Advisory Policy
Board
• Correction to NIBRS Codes for 71 = Anti-Transgender and 72 =
Anti-Gender Non-Conforming
• Insertion of “*Denotes offenses for federal and tribal LEA
reporting only” at the end of the table for Group A Offenses and
Group B Offenses
• Correction to 90F Family Offenses, Nonviolent description to
better align with the verbiage in the 2.5 Offense Lookup Table
• Modification of content in 5.3 Quality Assurance Review (QAR)
Process
2019.2.1
• Insertion of Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, and
New Jersey in the Valid Data Values Table for Data Element 1A
Federal Judicial Districts
09/30/2020
2021.1
• Edits to definitions and standards per APB recommendations in
December 2018, applicable January 1, 2021
• Removal of Group B offenses to include 90A Bad Checks, 90E
Drunkenness, and 90H Peeping Tom per APB recommendations
in December 2018, applicable January 1, 2021
• Updated the number of Group B offenses, Group B categories,
and three-digit UCR offense codes to align with the removal of
90A Bad Checks, 90E Drunkenness, and 90H Peeping Tom to
include:
o Section 1.1 Background of NIBRS
“LEAs report only arrest data for an additional 10
Group B offense categories.”
o Section 2.2 Classifying Offense
“NIBRS assigned a separate numbering series
to the 10 Group B crime categories consisting of
10 Group B offenses. The numbering series
used 90 for the first two characters of each
Group B offense and designated an alpha
character for the third position.”
“In NIBRS, there are 81 three-digit UCR offense
codes; one for each of the 71 Group A and 10
Group B offenses.”
o Section 2.3 Group A and Group B Offense Definitions –
Group B Offenses
“There are 10 Group B offense categories.”
o Section 2.4 Offense Definitions – Group B Offenses
“There are 10 Group B crime categories
encompassing offenses not considered Group A
offenses.”
o Appendix B – Benefits of NIBRS Participation
“In addition, NIBRS captures arrest data for 10
Group B offense categories (including 10
crimes), while the SRS collected arrest data for
20 Part II crimes.”
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• Added the NIBRS XML Developer’s Guide to referenced
documents in 4 Data Elements & Data Values
• Added the NIBRS XML Developer’s Guide to referenced
documents in 3.4 Report Modifications
• Added the NIBRS XML Developer’s Guide to referenced
documents in the Note: at the end of 3.4 Report Modifications
• 2.5 Offense Lookup Table edits include:
o Added of Group A to Consensual Sodomy
o Added NIBRS Offense Code 90L to Environment Law
Violations
o Added Group A to False Report or Statement
o Added NIBRS Offense Code 49B to Flight to Avoid
Confinement, Custody, Giving Testimony, or Prosecution
o Removed Group B from Fondling
o Added NIBRS Offense Code 26F to Impersonation
• Removed Data Value 22 = School/College under Data Element 9
- Location Type
• FBI UCR Program approved edits (all instances):
o Changed FBI’s UCR Program to FBI UCR Program
o Changed national UCR to FBI UCR
o Removed “Program” from LEOKA Program
o Removed “Program” from Hate Crime Statistics
o Changed “crime” to “incident” in the first sentence of 2.2
Classifying Offeses
• Added verbiage “If and when data about the arrest are furnished
to an authorized entity for research purposes, the Arrest
(Transaction) Number will be encrypted by the FBI prior to its
dissemination to ensure that the recipient cannot identify the
actual case. Local and state agencies may also encrypt their
Arrest (Transaction) Numbers before submitting them to the FBI.”
to Data Element 41 (Arrest Transaction Number)
• Correction in Example 1, Acting in Concert to change “One
offender is connected to the victim through the offense of
Robbery and Rape, and the other is connected to the victim only
through the offense of Robbery.” to “Both offenders are
connected to the victim through the offense of Robbery and
Rape.”
• Edits for clarification in Section 2.2 Classifying Offenses to
include: “For NIBRS, LEAs must report all Group A offenses, up
to ten, within a particular incident.”
• Correction in 1.4 Jurisdiction to the verbiage for the last sentence
in, number 2 to read “If an incident involves a federal or tribal
only offense and a city, university or college, county, or state
LEA is involved, the federal or tribal agency will report the
federal/tribal only offense (denoted with *); and the local agency
will report as previously directed.”
• Updated the verbiage in Section 5.1 Monitoring the Certification
Policy and the Note in Section 5.1 Monitoring the Certification
Policy
• Updated the verbiage in the Training and Education Section
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• Updated the verbiage in Appendix B: The Effort to Collect Better
Data
• Correction to change Crime Against Property to Crime Against
Society in the Group A Offense Table
• Correction in the Note for 58B Export Violations* to change
“Import” to “Export”
• Correction in the Note for 30C Smuggling Aliens* to change
“30B” to “30C”
• Removed Summary Reporting System (SRS) in 1.2 UCR
Advisory Groups as this as this is no longer supported beyond
January 1, 2021
• Established the SRS acronym and update the language to be
past tense in 2.1 Definition of an Incident – The Concept of
Same Time and Place
• Verbiage correction to remove “is used” and combine into one
sentence by adding “when” in the first paragraph for Data
Element 5 (Exceptional Clearance Date)
• Added language “LEAs can enter up to five Type Injury per
victim” to Data Element 33 (Type of Injury)
• Correction to Judicial District Codes for Texas, Northern to be
077 and Texas, Southern to be 079
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2021.1 NIBRS User Manual vi
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background of NIBRS ....................................................................................................... 1
1.2 UCR Advisory Groups ....................................................................................................... 1
1.3 UCR Program Standards ................................................................................................... 2
1.4 Jurisdiction ...................................................................................................................... 3
1.5 Referrals from Other Agencies ......................................................................................... 4
2 INCIDENTS AND OFFENSES .......................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Definition of an Incident .................................................................................................. 5
The Concept of Acting in Concert ....................................................................................................................... 5
The Concept of Same Time and Place ................................................................................................................. 5
Examples of Acting in Concert and Same Time and Place .................................................................................. 5
2.2 Classifying Offenses ......................................................................................................... 6
Criteria for Distinguishing Between Group A and Group B Offenses .................................................................. 7
Additional Information Regarding Classifying Offenses...................................................................................... 8
Offense Categories – Crimes Against Persons, Property, and Society ................................................................ 9
The Use of Offense Codes in NIBRS .................................................................................................................... 9
2.3 Group A and Group B Offense Listing ............................................................................. 10
Group A Offenses .............................................................................................................................................. 10
Group B Offenses .............................................................................................................................................. 14
2.4 Offense Definitions ........................................................................................................ 15
Source of Offense Definitions ........................................................................................................................... 15
State Offenses ................................................................................................................................................... 15
Group A Offenses .............................................................................................................................................. 16
Group B Offenses .............................................................................................................................................. 42
2.5 Offense Lookup Table .................................................................................................... 45
– A – 45
– B – 46
– C – 47
3 ELECTRONIC FILE SUBMISSIONS ............................................................................................. 64
3.1 Group A Incident Report ................................................................................................ 64
Administrative Segment ................................................................................................................................... 65
Offense Segment .............................................................................................................................................. 65
Property Segment ............................................................................................................................................. 65
Victim Segment ................................................................................................................................................. 65
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Offender Segment ............................................................................................................................................. 66
Arrestee Segment ............................................................................................................................................. 66
3.2 Group B Arrest Report ................................................................................................... 66
3.3 Zero Report ................................................................................................................... 66
3.4 Report Modifications ..................................................................................................... 67
Clearing Incidents in NIBRS ............................................................................................................................... 67
Updating Incidents in NIBRS ............................................................................................................................. 67
4 DATA ELEMENTS AND DATA VALUES .................................................................................... 68
4.1 Definition of Data Element ............................................................................................. 68
4.2 Mandatory Versus Optional Data Elements .................................................................... 68
4.3 Definition of Data Values ............................................................................................... 68
4.4 Clarification of Specific Data Elements and Data Values .................................................. 69
Data Element 1 (ORI) ........................................................................................................................................ 69
Data Element 1A (Federal Judicial Districts [JD]) (For Federal Submissions Only)............................................ 69
Data Element 2 (Incident Number) ................................................................................................................... 72
Data Element 2A (Cargo Theft) ......................................................................................................................... 72
Data Element 3 (Incident Date) ........................................................................................................................ 74
Data Element 4 (Cleared Exceptionally) ............................................................................................................ 74
Data Element 5 (Exceptional Clearance Date) .................................................................................................. 76
Data Element 6 (UCR Offense Code) ................................................................................................................. 76
Data Element 7 (Offense Attempted/Completed) ............................................................................................ 77
Data Element 8 (Offender Suspected of Using) ................................................................................................ 77
Data Element 8A (Bias Motivation) ................................................................................................................... 78
Data Element 9 (Location Type) ........................................................................................................................ 82
Data Element 10 (Number of Premises Entered) .............................................................................................. 88
Data Element 11 (Method of Entry) .................................................................................................................. 89
Data Element 12 (Type Criminal Activity/Gang Information) ........................................................................... 90
Data Element 13 (Type Weapon/Force Involved) ............................................................................................. 93
Data Element 14 (Type Property Loss/Etc.) ...................................................................................................... 94
Data Element 15 (Property Description) ........................................................................................................... 95
Data Element 16 (Value of Property) .............................................................................................................. 108
Data Element 17 (Date Recovered)................................................................................................................. 110
Data Element 18 (Number of Stolen Motor Vehicles) .................................................................................... 110
Data Element 19 (Number of Recovered Motor Vehicles) ............................................................................. 111
Data Element 20 (Suspected Drug Type) ........................................................................................................ 111
Data Element 21 (Estimated Drug Quantity) .................................................................................................. 112
Data Element 22 (Type Drug Measurement) .................................................................................................. 114
Data Element 23 (Victim Sequence Number) ................................................................................................. 115
Data Element 24 (Victim Connected to UCR Offense Code) ........................................................................... 116
Data Element 25 (Type of Victim) ................................................................................................................... 116
Data Elements 25A – 25C Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA) ...................................... 117
Data Element 25C (Officer – ORI Other Jurisdiction) ...................................................................................... 119
Data Element 26 (Age of Victim) ..................................................................................................................... 119
Data Element 27 (Sex of Victim) ..................................................................................................................... 120
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Data Element 28 (Race of Victim) ................................................................................................................... 120
Data Element 29 (Ethnicity of Victim) ............................................................................................................. 121
Data Element 30 (Resident Status of Victim) .................................................................................................. 121
Data Element 31 (Aggravated Assault/Homicide Circumstances) .................................................................. 122
Data Element 32 (Additional Justifiable Homicide Circumstances) ................................................................ 124
Data Element 33 (Type Injury) ........................................................................................................................ 125
Data Element 34 (Offender Number to be Related) ....................................................................................... 126
Data Element 35 (Relationship of Victim to Offender) ................................................................................... 127
Data Element 36 (Offender Sequence Number) ............................................................................................. 130
Data Element 37 (Age of Offender) ................................................................................................................ 131
Data Element 38 (Sex of Offender) ................................................................................................................. 131
Data Element 39 (Race of Offender) ............................................................................................................... 131
Data Element 39A (Ethnicity of Offender) ...................................................................................................... 132
Data Element 40 (Arrestee Sequence Number) .............................................................................................. 133
Data Element 41 (Arrest Transaction Number) .............................................................................................. 133
Data Element 42 (Arrest Date) ........................................................................................................................ 133
Data Element 43 (Type of Arrest) ................................................................................................................... 133
Data Element 44 (Multiple Arrestee Segments Indicator) .............................................................................. 134
Data Element 45 (UCR Arrest Offense Code) .................................................................................................. 134
Data Element 46 (Arrestee Was Armed With) ................................................................................................ 135
Data Element 47 (Age of Arrestee) ................................................................................................................. 136
Data Element 48 (Sex of Arrestee) .................................................................................................................. 136
Data Element 49 (Race of Arrestee) ............................................................................................................... 136
Data Element 50 (Ethnicity of Arrestee) ......................................................................................................... 137
Data Element 51 (Resident Status of Arrestee) .............................................................................................. 138
Data Element 52 (Disposition of Arrestee Under 18) ..................................................................................... 138
5 PROCESSES AND PROCEDURES ................................................................................................ 140
5.1 Implementation Procedures ......................................................................................... 140
General Information ....................................................................................................................................... 140
Agencies Converting from SRS to NIBRS ......................................................................................................... 140
Duplicate Submission for Crime Incidents Must Be Prevented ...................................................................... 141
Agency Must Begin Submitting NIBRS Data on the First Day of a Month ....................................................... 141
Monitoring the Certification Policy ................................................................................................................. 141
5.2 NIBRS Certification Process .......................................................................................... 142
NIBRS Certification Criteria ............................................................................................................................. 142
5.3 Quality Assurance Review (QAR) Process ..................................................................... 143
Training and Education ................................................................................................................................... 144
6 APPENDIX A – HISTORY OF THE FBI UCR PROGRAM AND NIBRS ................................ 144
6.1 The FBI UCR Program ................................................................................................... 144
6.2 Redesign of UCR .......................................................................................................... 144
6.3 Establishing and Developing NIBRS .............................................................................. 146
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7 APPENDIX B – BENEFITS OF NIBRS PARTICIPATION ....................................................... 149
8 APPENDIX C – TIME-WINDOW SUBMISSIONS ..................................................................... 153
9 APPENDIX D – UCR GLOSSARY DEFINITIONS ..................................................................... 154
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1 Introduction
The FBI Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program is a nationwide, cooperative statistical effort
of more than 18,000 federal, state, county, city, university and college, and tribal law
enforcement agencies (LEAs) voluntarily reporting data on offenses reported or known. Since
1930, the FBI has administered the UCR Program and continued to assess and monitor the
nature and type of crime in the nation. The program’s primary objective is to generate reliable
information for use in law enforcement (LE) administration, operation, and management.
However, over the years, UCR data have become one of the country’s leading social indicators.
Criminologists, sociologists, legislators, municipal planners, the media, and other students of
criminal justice use the data for varied research and planning purposes.
The FBI UCR Program prepared this manual to assist LEAs in reporting their crime statistics via
the Program’s National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). The manual addresses NIBRS
policies, the types of offenses reported via NIBRS, and guidelines for an agency to become
certified to submit NIBRS data to the FBI.
1.1 Background of NIBRS
Originally, the UCR Program was designed as a summary system to collect only the most serious
offense within an incident. However, the Program began using incident-based reporting (i.e.,
NIBRS) in 1989 to capture all offenses within an incident—up to ten crime occurrences. Through
NIBRS, LEAs report data on each offense and arrest within 28 offense categories made up of 71
specific crimes called Group A offenses. For each of the Group A offenses coming to their
attention, the LE collects administrative, offense, property, victim, offender, and arrestee
information. LEAs report only arrest data for an additional 10 Group B offense categories.
By design, LEAs generate NIBRS data as a by-product of their respective records management
systems (RMSs). Therefore, an LEA builds its system to suit its own individual needs, including
all of the information required for administration and operation, then forwards only the data
required by NIBRS to the FBI UCR Program. As more agencies report via NIBRS, the data
collected will provide a clearer assessment of the nation’s crime experience.
1.2 UCR Advisory Groups
In the 1920s, the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) developed a system to
collect uniform crime statistics that became the foundation of the UCR Program in 1929. The
IACP, along with the National Sheriffs’ Association (NSA), continues to provide vital links
between local LE and the FBI in the administration of the UCR Program through their Criminal
Justice Information Systems (CJIS) Committees. The IACP represents thousands of police
departments nationwide, and the NSA encourages sheriffs throughout the country to
participate fully in the program.
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Both the IACP and the NSA’s committees are involved with the Advisory Policy Board (APB) of
the FBI CJIS Division. The APB is the formal advisory process for the FBI UCR Program. The APB
began in 1988 when a Data Providers’ APB was established. The Board operated until 1993
when it combined with the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) APB to form a single APB
to address all FBI criminal justice information services. The underlying philosophy of the APB is
one of shared management. The FBI, along with local and state data providers and system
users, share responsibility for the operation and management of all systems administered by
the FBI for the benefit of the criminal justice community. The current APB includes the UCR
Subcommittee, which reviews issues concerning NIBRS, the Law Enforcement Officers Killed
and Assaulted (LEOKA), and the Hate Crime Statistics. The APB also includes additional
subcommittees that review other matters involving the FBI CJIS Division.
In addition to the IACP, NSA, and APB, the Association of State UCR Programs (ASUCRP) also
serves to link the FBI with LEAs that submit and use UCR data. ASUCRP focuses on improving
the collection, use, and utility of crime data reported to the FBI UCR Program. The state UCR
organizations foster widespread, responsible use of crime statistics and lend assistance to data
contributors when needed.
1.3 UCR Program Standards
More than 18,000 LEAs are eligible to provide data to the FBI UCR Program. To streamline the
collection of UCR data, ensure the consistency and comparability of data, and provide a higher
quality of service, states have a state UCR Program collecting data for the state’s LEAs and
reporting it to the FBI UCR Program. Establishment of a UCR Program is not limited to state
governments. Federal, territorial, and tribal agencies may also institute UCR Programs. UCR
Programs gather crime information from the LEAs under their domain and forward the data to
the FBI.
The following are the standards under which a UCR Program must operate:
1. A UCR Program must conform to FBI UCR Program’s submission standards, definitions,
specifications, and required deadlines.
2. A UCR Program must establish data integrity procedures and have personnel assigned to
assist contributing agencies in quality assurance practices and crime reporting
procedures.
3. A UCR Program’s submissions must cover more than 50 percent of the LEAs within its
established reporting domain and be willing to cover any and all UCR-contributing
agencies that wish to use the UCR Program from within its domain. (An agency that
wants to become a UCR Program must be willing to report for all the agencies within the
state.)
4. A UCR Program must furnish the FBI UCR Program with all of the UCR data collected by
the LEAs within its domain.
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These standards do not prohibit a state from gathering other statistical data beyond the
national collection. Data integrity procedures should include crime trend assessments, offense
classification verification, and technical specification validation.
The FBI fulfills its responsibilities in connection with the UCR Programs by:
• Editing and reviewing submissions for completeness and quality.
• Contacting contributors, when necessary, in connection with crime reporting matters.
• Requesting individual agency information, when necessary, from the contributing UCR
Program.
• Assessing the validity of reported data by providing a Quality Assurance Review (QAR).
• Coordinating with the contributing UCR Program to conduct training on LE record-keeping
and crime-reporting procedures.
• Sending UCR Program Quarterly documents, that clarify, policies and procedures set forth
by the program as well as publication updates and notifications to state programs for
distribution to contributing agencies.
The FBI UCR Program refers to LEAs that submit data directly to the FBI without submitting it
first to a state UCR Program as direct contributors because they submit their data directly to
the FBI. The FBI allows individual LEAs to contribute data directly to the UCR Program on a case-
by-case basis and, where applicable, with the state UCR Program’s permission. Direct
contributors work closely with staff from the FBI UCR Program to ensure their data adhere to
the FBI UCR Program’s guidelines.
Should circumstances develop whereby a state or other UCR Program does not comply with
these standards, the FBI may reinstitute a direct collection of data submissions from LEAs
within the FBI UCR Program’s domain.
1.4 Jurisdiction
The purpose of establishing appropriate jurisdiction is to depict the nature and amount of crime
in a particular community. Throughout the United States, there are thousands of LEAs; some
have overlapping jurisdictions. To ensure LEAs with overlapping jurisdictions are not reporting
duplicate data (offense or arrest), the FBI UCR Program developed the following guidelines:
1. Federal, state, county, city, university and college, and tribal, LEAs should report offenses
that occur within their jurisdictions.
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2. When two or more federal, state, county, city, university and college, or tribal LEAs are
involved in the investigation of the same offense, the agency with investigative jurisdiction
based on federal, state, local, and tribal law and/or applicable interagency agreements or
memorandums of understanding should report the offense. If there is uncertainty as to the
lead or primary agency, the agencies must agree on which agency should report the
offense. If an incident involves a federal or tribal only offense and a city, university or
college, county, or state LEA is involved, the federal or tribal agency will report the
federal/tribal only offense (denoted with *); and the local agency will report as previously
directed.
3. LEAs will report only those arrests made for offenses committed within their own
jurisdictions.
4. The recovery of property should be reported only by the LEA that first reported it missing
and/or stolen, regardless of which agency recovered it.
As a rule, cities with their own police departments report their own crime data. However,
smaller locales may combine their crime data with larger agencies (e.g., sheriffs’ offices and
state police) for reporting purposes. This practice most often occurs in rural or unincorporated
areas employing constables, town marshals, or other officers who infrequently report offenses.
In cases where the county sheriff or state police has a contract to provide LE services for an
incorporated city, the sheriff or state police will continue to report incidents occurring within
the boundaries of these cities. These reports should reflect the geographic location of where
the incident occurred by use of the city’s Originating Agency Identifier (ORI). In some localities,
a federal LEA, the sheriff, or state police, or will assist a local police department in the
investigation of crimes committed within the limits of the city. Even though this is the case, the
city police department should report the offenses unless there is a written or oral agreement
specifying otherwise.
1.5 Referrals from Other Agencies
If a reporting agency refers the investigation of an incident to another federal, state, local, or
tribal agency after submitting the data to the FBI UCR Program, the original reporting agency
must delete its report. The agency receiving the referral would then report the incident as if it
were an original submission.
2 Incidents and Offenses
Participation in NIBRS requires LEAs to report certain facts about each criminal incident coming
to their attention within their jurisdictions. In most cases, officers capture the data through an
incident report when a complainant first reports the crime. Officers may collect incident data
via a paper form or electronically via a mobile terminal that interfaces with their department’s
RMS.
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2.1 Definition of an Incident
For NIBRS, the FBI UCR Program defines an incident as one or more offenses committed by the
same offender, or group of offenders acting in concert, at the same time and place.
The Concept of Acting in Concert
Acting in Concert requires all the offenders to actually commit or assist in the commission of all
of the crimes in an incident. The offenders must be aware of, and consent to, the commission
of all the offenses; or even if nonconsenting, their actions assist in the commission of all the
offenses. See Example 1, Acting in Concert. This is important because NIBRS considers all of the
offenders in an incident to have committed all of the offenses in an incident. The arrest of any
offender will clear all of the offenses in the incident. If one or more of the offenders did not act
in concert, then the LEA should report more than one incident. See Examples 2 and 3, Acting in
Concert.
The Concept of Same Time and Place
The fundamental concept of Same Time and Place presupposes that if the same person or
group of persons committed more than one crime and the time and space intervals separating
them were insignificant, all the crimes make up a single incident. Normally, the offenses must
have occurred during an unbroken time period and at the same or adjoining locations.
However, incidents can also be comprised of offenses which, by their nature, involve continuing
criminal activity by the same offenders at different times and places if, LE deems the activity to
constitute a single criminal transaction. See Example 4, Same Time and Place.
In Summary Reporting System (SRS), LEAs used the concept of Same Time and Place to
determine whether they should apply the Hierarchy Rule to a group of crimes. The agency
reported only the crime highest in the hierarchy. Though NIBRS does not follow the Hierarchy
Rule, LEAs must still apply the concept of Same Time and Place to determine whether a group
of crimes constitutes a single incident. This is crucially important since the application of the
concept determines whether LEAs should report the crimes as individual incidents or as a single
incident comprised of multiple offenses.
Examples of Acting in Concert and Same Time and Place
It is impossible to provide instructions to cover all situations. However, some examples are
provided below.
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Example 1, Acting in Concert
During a robbery in a bar, one offender began to rape a victim. The other offender told the
rapist to stop and only rob the victim. In this example, there was only one incident with two
offenses (Robbery and Rape). Although the other robber did not consent to the Rape, by
displaying a gun he prevented someone from coming to the victim’s assistance and thereby
assisted in the commission of the crime. The LEA should report one incident with two offenses.
Both offenders are connected to the victim through the offense of Robbery and Rape.
Example 2, Acting in Concert
A domestic argument escalated from a shouting match between a husband and wife to an
aggravated assault during which the husband began beating his wife. The wife, in her own
defense, shot and killed her husband. The responding officer submitted one incident report.
The LEA should have reported this information via NIBRS as two separate incidents because the
husband could not have been acting in concert with the wife in his own killing. The LEA would
submit one incident involving the aggravated assault perpetrated by the husband and a second
incident involving the killing. This would allow the maintenance of the original incident number
for record keeping purposes at the local level and simultaneously satisfy reporting
requirements for NIBRS.
Example 3, Acting in Concert
Two offenders robbed a bar, forcing the bartender to surrender money from the cash register
at gunpoint. The robbers also took money and jewelry from three customers. One of the
robbers, in searching for more customers to rob, found a female customer in the rest room and
raped her there without the knowledge of the other offender. When the rapist returned, both
robbers left. In this example, there were two incidents: one involving Robbery and the other
involving Rape, because the offenders were not acting in concert in both offenses. The LEA
should report two incidents, each with one offense.
Example 4, Same Time and Place
Over a period of 18 months, a computer programmer working for a bank manipulated the
bank’s computer and systematically embezzled $70,000. The continuing criminal activity
against the same victim constituted a single incident involving the crime of Embezzlement.
2.2 Classifying Offenses
For NIBRS, LEAs must report all Group A offenses, up to ten, within a particular incident. For
example, an incident can include the crimes of Rape, Motor Vehicle Theft, and
Kidnapping/Abduction. LEAs must ensure that each offense is reported as a separate, distinct
crime and not just a part of another offense. For example, every Robbery includes some type of
assault, but because the assault is an element integral to the crime of Robbery, the LEA should
report only Robbery. However, if during a Robbery, the offender forces the victim to engage in
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sexual relations, then the LEA should report both Robbery and Rape, since forced sexual
intercourse is not an element of the crime of Robbery.
Note: The Robbery/assault example above contains “lesser included” offenses. Lesser included
offenses are offenses where one offense is an element of another offense and cannot be
reported as having happened to the victim along with the other offense. Mutually exclusive
offenses are offenses that cannot occur to the same victim according to UCR Definitions. See
the list of Offense Definitions in Section 2.4 for details. For example, a Murder and an
Aggravated Assault cannot occur to the same victim. (For more information about mutually
exclusive/lesser included offenses, refer to the NIBRS Technical Specification, Data Element 24
[Victim Connected to UCR Offense Code]).
Note: LE should classify and report offenses after they complete the preliminary investigation
of a call for service or a complaint. Since identifying the crime problems faced by LE is one of
the objectives of NIBRS, agencies should report only offenses known to LE, not the findings of a
court, coroner, jury, or prosecutor.
Criteria for Distinguishing Between Group A and Group B Offenses
When reporting data to the FBI UCR Program via NIBRS, LEAs must also classify the offenses
within an incident as Group A offenses or Group B offenses. Though some state and local RMSs
require the same level of reporting for all offenses, NIBRS requires differing levels of detail in
reporting Group A and Group B offenses. LEAs must report both incidents and arrests for Group
A offenses, and they must report only arrests for Group B offenses. The Group A offenses are
the more serious crimes such as Murder, Rape, Robbery, etc. Group B offenses tend to be
minor in nature, such as Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy Violations, Disorderly Conduct, Driving
Under the Influence, etc. See the listing of Group A and Group B offenses in Section 2.3 Group A
and Group B offense listing.
NIBRS contributors should use the following criteria to determine if a crime should be
designated as a Group A offense:
• The seriousness or significance of the offense.
• The frequency or volume of its occurrence.
• The prevalence of the offense nationwide.
• The probability LE becomes aware of the offense.
• The likelihood LE is the best channel for collecting data regarding the offense.
• The burden placed on LE in collecting data on the offense.
• The national statistical validity and usefulness of the data collected.
• The FBI UCR Program’s responsibility to make crime data available not only to LE but to
others having a legitimate interest in it.
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Additional Information Regarding Classifying Offenses
The UCR Program does not collect information on traffic offenses (e.g., parking and moving
violations) except for Driving Under the Influence, Hit and Run (of a person), and Vehicular
Manslaughter.
Unless it is a component of a Group A offense (e.g., Human Trafficking) when an offense
includes one of the Offenses of General Applicability (i.e., words, phrases, or a similar variation
thereof), LEAs should report the offense as the Group B offense 90Z—All Other Offenses if the
substantive offense is a Group A offense. If it involves a Group B offense, LEAs should report the
offense in the appropriate Group B category. The Offenses of General Applicability are
Accessory Before/After the Fact, Aiding/Abetting, Conspiracy to Commit, Enticement,
Facilitation of, Solicitation to Commit, Threat to Commit.
LEAs should report attempted crimes the same as the substantive offense, with the data value
A = Attempted in Data Element 7 (Offense Attempted/Completed). Agencies should report
attempted murders as Aggravated Assaults, and all assaults should be reported as
C = Completed. (Data elements are data fields within each segment of the Group A Incident
Report and in the Group B Arrest Report to describe the details of each component of a crime;
a data value is a specific characteristic or type of field being reported that has an assigned
code, e.g., M = Male or F = Female).
Example 1
An LEA arrested three members of a motorcycle gang for conspiracy to commit Murder. The
LEA should submit three Group B Arrest Reports with the UCR Arrest Offense Code entered as
90Z = All Other Offenses.
Example 2
An LEA arrested five liquor store owners for conspiring to avoid paying local liquor taxes. The
LEA should submit five Group B Arrest Reports with the UCR Arrest Offense Code entered as
90G = Liquor Law Violations.
Example 3
A witness observed and scared away two unknown teenagers who were trying to set fire to an
abandoned building. The LEA should submit a Group A Incident Report that indicated the UCR
Offense Code as 200 = Arson and the offense was Attempted.
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Offense Categories – Crimes Against Persons, Property, and Society
Each NIBRS offense belongs in one of three categories: Crimes Against Persons, Crimes Against
Property, and Crimes Against Society. Crimes Against Persons, e.g., Murder, Rape, and Assault,
are those offenses whose victims are always individuals. The object of Crimes Against Property,
e.g., Robbery, Bribery, and Burglary, is to obtain money, property, or some other benefit.
Crimes Against Society, e.g., Animal Cruelty, Drug Violations, Gambling, and Prostitution,
represent society’s prohibition against engaging in certain types of activity.
For counting purposes, agencies should count one offense for each victim of a Crime Against
Person, one offense for each distinct operation of a Crime Against Property (except for Motor
Vehicle Theft, where one offense is counted for each stolen vehicle), and one offense for each
Crime Against Society.
The listings of the Group A and Group B offenses appearing in this section indicate whether the
offenses are Crimes Against Persons, Property, or Society.
The Use of Offense Codes in NIBRS
In NIBRS, there are 81 three-digit UCR offense codes; one for each of the 71 Group A and 10
Group B offenses. The three-digit data values are used to identify the Group A and Group B
offenses in an incident to submit NIBRS Group A Incident Reports and Group B Arrest Reports.
Group A Offense Codes
There are 28 Group A crime categories made up of 71 Group A offenses; therefore, there are 71
Group A Offense Codes. The Group A Offense Codes, while unique to NIBRS, were generally
derived from the four-digit NCIC Uniform Offense Classification Codes to facilitate interrelating
offense data between the NCIC and the FBI UCR Program. NIBRS correlates these data using the
first two characters from the NCIC codes of certain offenses as the same first two characters of
the UCR Offense Codes for respective offenses. The third character of the NIBRS Offense Code
is designated as either a zero (0) or an alphabetic character (A, B, C, etc.) to reference a
subcategory of the crime category. For example, the NCIC code for Simple Assault is 1313, and
the NIBRS Offense Code is 13B, e.g., 13B = Simple Assault.
Exceptions to the coding convention of Group A offenses are:
1. The NCIC Offense Code for Statutory Rape is 1116, but the NIBRS Offense Code is
36B = Statutory Rape.
2. The NCIC Offense Code for Fondling (of child) is 3601, but the NIBRS Offense Code is 11D =
Fondling.
3. The NCIC Offense Code and NIBRS Offense Code for Espionage* is 103, Treason* is 101.
4. The NIBRS Offense Code for Violation of National Firearm Act of 1934* is 521; there is no
NCIC Offense Code.
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5. The NIBRS Offense Code for Weapons of Mass Destruction* is 522; there is no NCIC Offense
Code.
6. The NCIC Offense Code for Explosives* is 5204-5206; 5211, but the NIBRS Offense Code is
526 Explosives*.
Group B Offense Codes
NIBRS assigned a separate numbering series to the 10 Group B crime categories consisting of 10
Group B offenses. The numbering series used 90 for the first two characters of each Group B
offense and designated an alpha character for the third position.
2.3 Group A and Group B Offense Listing
There are 28 Group A offense categories made up of 71 Group A offenses. The offense
categories are listed below in alphabetical order. Additionally, each offense’s corresponding
NIBRS Offense Code follows its name. Immediately following the code for each offense name is
an indication of whether it is a Crime Against Person, Crime Against Property, or Crime Against
Society. In addition, the listing provides the NCIC Offense Code (when applicable).
Group A Offenses
Offense
NIBRS
Offense
Code
Crime
Against
Based on
NCIC Offense Code
Animal Cruelty
Animal Cruelty
720
7201
Arson
Arson
200
2001−2009; 2099
Assault Offenses
Aggravated Assault
13A
1301−1312; 1314−1315
Simple Assault
13B
1313
Intimidation
13C
1316; 5215−5216
Bribery
Bribery
510
5101−5113; 5199
Burglary/Breaking & Entering
Burglary/Breaking & Entering
220
2201−2205; 2207; 2299
Commerce Violations
Import Violations*
58A
None
Export Violations*
58B
None
Federal Liquor Offenses*
61A
4101-4104; 4199; 6103
Federal Tobacco Offenses*
61B
6102
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Offense
NIBRS
Offense
Code
Crime
Against
Based on
NCIC Offense Code
Wildlife Trafficking*
620
None
Counterfeiting/Forgery
Counterfeiting/Forgery
250
2501−2507; 2509; 2510;
2589; 2599
Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of Property
Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of
Property
290
2901−2906; 2999
Drug/Narcotic Offenses
Drug/Narcotic Violations
35A
3501−3505; 3510−3513;
3520−3523; 3530−3533;
3540−3543; 3560−3564;
3570−3573; 3580−3583;
3599
Drug Equipment Violations
35B
3550
Embezzlement
Embezzlement
270
2701−2705; 2799
Espionage
Espionage*
103
0103
Extortion/Blackmail
Extortion/Blackmail
210
2101−2105; 2199
Fraud Offenses
False Pretenses/Swindle/Confidence
Game
26A
2601−2603; 2607; 2699
Credit Card/Automated Teller
Machine Fraud
26B
2605
Impersonation
26C
2604
Welfare Fraud
26D
None
Wire Fraud
26E
2608
Identity Theft
26F
2610
Hacking/Computer Invasion
26G
2609
Money Laundering*
26H
6300
Fugitive Offenses
Harboring Escapee/Concealing from
Arrest*
49A
4904; 4901
Flight to Avoid Prosecution*
49B
4902
Flight to Avoid Deportation*
49C
4902
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Offense
NIBRS
Offense
Code
Crime
Against
Based on
NCIC Offense Code
Gambling Offenses
Betting/Wagering
39A
None
Operating/Promoting/Assisting
Gambling
39B
3901−3902; 3904−3905;
3907; 3915−3916; 3918;
3920−3921
Gambling Equipment Violations
39C
3908−3914
Sports Tampering
39D
3919
Homicide Offenses
Murder and Nonnegligent
Manslaughter
09A
0901−0908; 0911−0912
Negligent Manslaughter
09B
0910
Justifiable Homicide
09C
None
Human Trafficking
Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex
Acts
64A
6411
Human Trafficking, Involuntary
Servitude
64B
6411
Immigration Violations
Illegal Entry into the United States*
30A
0301
False Citizenship*
30B
0302
Smuggling Aliens*
30C
0303
Re-entry after Deportation*
30D
0399
Kidnapping/Abduction
Kidnapping/Abduction
100
1001−1009; 1099
Larceny/Theft Offenses
Pocket-picking
23A
2301
Purse-snatching
23B
2302
Shoplifting
23C
2303
Theft From Building
23D
2308; 2311
Theft From Coin-Operated Machine or
Device
23E
2307
Theft From Motor Vehicle
23F
2305
Theft of Motor Vehicle Parts or
Accessories
23G
2304; 2407
All Other Larceny
23H
2306; 2309−2310;
2312−2316; 2410
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Offense
NIBRS
Offense
Code
Crime
Against
Based on
NCIC Offense Code
Motor Vehicle Theft
Motor Vehicle Theft
240
2401−2405; 2408; 2412;
2499
Pornography/Obscene Material
Pornography/Obscene Material
370
3700−3706; 3799
Prostitution Offenses
Prostitution
40A
4003−4004
Assisting or Promoting Prostitution
40B
4001−4002; 4006; 4007;
4008; 4009; 4099
Purchasing Prostitution
40C
4005
Robbery
Robbery
120
1201−1211; 1299
Sex Offenses
Rape
11A
1101−1103
Sodomy
11B
1104−1115
Sexual Assault With An Object
11C
None
Fondling
11D
3601 (Child)
Incest
36A
3604; 3607
Statutory Rape
36B
1116
Failure to Register as a Sex Offender*
360
3612
Stolen Property Offenses
Stolen Property Offenses
280
2801−2805; 2899
Treason
Treason*
101
0101
Weapon Law Violations
Weapon Law Violations
520
5201−5214; 5299
Violation of National Firearm Act of
1934*
521
None
Weapons of Mass Destruction*
522
None
Explosives*
526
5204-5206; 5211
*Denotes offenses for federal and tribal LEA reporting only
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Group B Offenses
There are 10 Group B offense categories. They encompass all the crimes for which the FBI UCR
Program collects data that are not considered Group A offenses. The Group B offense
categories listed below are in alphabetical order. Additionally, each offense’s corresponding
NIBRS Offense Code follows its name. Immediately following the code for each offense name is
the NCIC Offense Code (when applicable).
Offense
NIBRS
Offense
Code
Based on
NCIC Offense Code
Bond Default
Failure to Appear*
90K
5015
Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy Violations
Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy Violations
90B
None
Disorderly Conduct
Disorderly Conduct
90C
5310-5311; 5399
Driving Under the Influence
Driving Under the Influence
90D
5403-5404
Family Offenses, Nonviolent
Family Offenses, Nonviolent
90F
3801-3803; 3806-3808; 3899
Federal Resource Violation
Federal Resource Violations*
90L
None
Liquor Law Violations
Liquor Law Violations
90G
4101-4104; 4199
Perjury
Perjury*
90M
5003, 5004
Trespass of Real Property
Trespass of Real Property
90J
5707
All Other Offenses
All Other Offenses
90Z
Various
*Denotes offenses for federal and tribal LEA reporting only
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2.4 Offense Definitions
Source of Offense Definitions
The use of standardized definitions in NIBRS is essential to the maintenance of uniform and
consistent data. This practice ensures the FBI UCR Program considers and appropriately counts
all criminal offenses of law, regardless of their different titles under state and local law or
United States titles and statutes.
The purpose of the FBI UCR Program is to provide a common language transcending the varying
local and state laws. Therefore, the Program did not intend for LEAs to use NIBRS offense
definitions for charging persons with crimes. Instead, LEAs should use the definitions to
translate crime into the common UCR language used throughout the United States. Though
state statutes specifically define crimes so persons facing prosecution will know the exact
charges placed against them, the definitions used in NIBRS must be generic to not exclude
varying state statutes relating to the same type of crime.
The Program based NIBRS offense definitions on the common-law definitions found in Black’s
Law Dictionary, as well as those used in the NCIC 2000 Uniform Offense Classifications. Due to
most states basing their statutes on the common-law definitions, even though they may vary as
to specifics, these definitions should fit into the corresponding NIBRS offense classifications.
State Offenses
If a state statute for an offense includes additional offenses not fitting the NIBRS offense
definition, the LEA should report the nonconforming offenses according to its NIBRS offense
classifications. For example, some states worded their larceny statutes so broadly as to include
the crime of Embezzlement. If an offender perpetrates Embezzlement within such a state, LE
should report the offense via NIBRS as Embezzlement, not Larceny/Theft.
Certainly, unusual situations will arise in classifying offenses, and this manual cannot cover all
circumstances. In classifying unusual situations, LE should consider the nature of the crime
along with the guidelines provided. In addition to the Group A and Group B offense definitions
and explanations, the Offense Lookup Table at the end of this section will also aid in classifying
offenses. If LEAs have concerns on how to classify an offense they can contact the FBI UCR
Program Office.
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Group A Offenses
There are 28 Group A offense categories made up of 71 Group A offenses. The offense
categories listed below are in alphabetical order. Most entries include the following
information:
• NIBRS offense code, offense name
• Definition
• Considerations and examples (as appropriate)
720 Animal Cruelty
Intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly taking an action that mistreats or kills any animal
without just cause, such as torturing, tormenting, mutilation, maiming, poisoning, or
abandonment. Included are instances of duty to provide care, e.g., shelter, food, water, care
if sick or injured; transporting or confining an animal to fight with another; inflicting excessive
or repeated unnecessary pain or suffering, e.g., uses objects to beat or injure an animal. This
definition does not include proper maintenance of animals for show or sport; use of animals
for food, lawful hunting, fishing or trapping.
For Animal Cruelty offenses, reporting agencies must enter at least one but no more than three
types of activity (simple/gross neglect, organized abuse, intentional abuse or torture, or animal
sexual abuse) in Data Element 12 (Type Criminal Activity/Gang Information).
200 Arson
To unlawfully and intentionally damage or attempt to damage any real or personal property
of another person or entity by fire or incendiary device.
An LEA should report only fires determined through investigation to have been unlawfully and
intentionally set. Though the agency should include attempts to burn, it should not include fires
of suspicious or unknown origin. In addition, an agency should report one incident for each
distinct Arson operation originating within its jurisdiction. If a fire started by Arson in one
jurisdiction spreads to another jurisdiction and destroys property, the LEA in which the fire
started should report the incident and all dollar value damage.
If a fire marshal collects Arson-related incident information, the LEA having jurisdiction should
gather the information from the fire marshal and report it with their monthly submission
(unless the Fire Marshall has a valid UCR ORI). The national UCR Program excludes Arson-
related deaths and injuries of police officers and firefighters, unless determined as willful
Murders or assaults, due to the hazardous nature of these professions.
LEAs should report the type of property burned into Data Element 15 (Property Description)
and the value of property burned in Data Element 16 (Value of Property), which includes
incidental damage resulting from fighting the fire.
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Structures deemed abandoned but arson-related would be collected within this category.
13A − 13C Assault Offenses
An unlawful attack by one person upon another.
Careful consideration of the following factors should assist in classifying assaults:
1. The type of weapon employed or the use of an object as a weapon.
2. The seriousness of the injury.
3. The intent and capability of the assailant to cause serious injury.
The weapons used or the extent of the injury sustained typically will be the deciding factors in
distinguishing Aggravated from Simple Assault. A weapon can be a gun, knife or anything that
could be used to harm someone else (a broken glass bottle, rocks, a shoe, etc.) In only a very
limited number of instances should it be necessary to examine the intent and capability of the
assailant. The prosecution policies in a jurisdiction should not influence classification or
reporting of LE offense data. Reporting agencies should examine and classify the assaults in
their respective jurisdictions according to the standard UCR definitions, regardless of whether
the offenses are termed misdemeanors or felonies by local definitions.
By definition there can be no attempted assaults, only completed assaults. Therefore, reporting
agencies must enter the data value of C = Completed for all Assault Offenses into Data Element 7
(Offense Attempted/Completed).
13A Aggravated Assault
An unlawful attack by one person upon another wherein the offender uses a dangerous
weapon or displays it in a threatening manner or the victim suffers obvious severe or
aggravated bodily injury, or where there was a risk for serious injury/intent to seriously
injure.
Apparent broken bones, loss of teeth, possible internal injury, severe laceration, or loss of
consciousness.
Strangulation (choking) may be difficult to determine; however, common signs include loss of
consciousness/blacking out; petechiae (small broken blood vessels) of the eyes, earlobes, or
scalp; bruising/marks on the neck; respiratory distress; nausea/vomiting; light headedness; or
involuntary urination and/or defecation.
Note: NIBRS considers Mace and pepper spray to be weapons. A severe laceration is one that
should receive medical attention. A loss of consciousness must be the direct result of force
inflicted on the victim by the offender.
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13B Simple Assault
An unlawful physical attack by one person upon another where neither the offender displays
a dangerous weapon, nor the victim suffers obvious severe or aggravated bodily injury
involving apparent broken bones, loss of teeth, possible internal injury, severe laceration, or
loss of consciousness.
Simple assault includes offenses such as minor assault, hazing, assault and battery, and injury
caused by culpable negligence or attempts to do so.
13C Intimidation
To unlawfully place another person in reasonable fear of harm through the use of threatening
words and/or other conduct without displaying a dangerous weapon or subjecting the victim
to an actual physical attack.
This offense includes stalking. In addition, the offender can make threats in person, over the
telephone, or in writing.
510 Bribery
The offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting anything of value (e.g., a bribe, gratuity, or
kickback) to sway the judgement or action of a person in a position of trust or influence.
In addition to bribes, gratuities, and kickbacks, the phrase, “anything of value,” includes favors
or anything else used illegally to influence the outcome of something governed by law, fair play,
contractual agreement, or any other guideline. The offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting of the
bribe would bring the outcome of an event outside any realm of reasonableness, the result of
which could be predicted based on the offering or influence given to the person(s) in a position
to render decisions.
Note: This offense excludes sports bribery (i.e., changing the outcome of a sporting contest
or event). Agencies should report such activities under the crime category of gambling
offenses as Sports Tampering, not Bribery.
220 Burglary/Breaking & Entering
The unlawful entry into a building or some other structure to commit a felony or a theft.
LEAs should classify offenses locally known as Burglary (any degree), unlawful entry with intent
to commit a larceny or felony, breaking and entering with intent to commit a larceny,
housebreaking, and safecracking as burglary. However, because Larceny/Theft is an element of
Burglary, agencies should not report the Larceny as a separate offense if it is associated with
the unlawful entry of a structure. The element of trespass is essential to the offense of
Burglary/ Breaking and Entering.
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By definition, a structure has four walls, a roof, and a door (e.g., apartment, barn, cabin, church,
condominium, dwelling house, factory, garage, house trailer or houseboat if used as a
permanent dwelling, mill, office, outbuilding, public building, railroad car, room, school, stable,
vessel or ship, warehouse).
A structure is also any house trailer or other mobile unit permanently fixed as an office,
residence, or storehouse. However, a tent, tent trailer, motor-home, house trailer, or any other
mobile unit used for recreational purposes is not a structure. LEAs should not classify the illegal
entry of such mobile units, followed by a felony, theft, or attempt to commit a felony or theft,
as burglary, but rather as larceny.
Hotel Rule
The Hotel Rule applies to burglaries of hotels, motels, lodging houses, or other places where
lodging of transients is the main purpose. Burglaries of temporary rental storage facilities, e.g.,
mini-storage and self-storage buildings, can pose reporting questions.
• If a number of units under a single manager are the object of a Burglary and the manager,
rather than the individual tenants/renters, will most likely report the offenses to the police,
the agency should report the Burglary to the FBI UCR Program as a single incident.
Examples are burglaries of multiple rental hotel rooms, rooms in “flop” houses, rooms in a
youth hostel, and units in a motel.
• If multiple occupants rent or lease individual living or working areas in a building for a
period of time, which would preclude the tenancy from being classified as transient, and the
occupants would most likely report the individual burglaries separately, the reporting
agency should submit the burglaries as separate incidents. Examples of this latter type of
multiple burglaries include burglaries of multiple apartments in an apartment house, offices
of a number of commercial firms in a business building, offices of separate professionals
within one building, and rooms in a college dormitory.
Whenever a question arises as to whether a type of structure comes within the scope of the
Burglary definition, LEAs should examine the nature of the crime and use the examples
provided as guidance.
When a hotel, motel, inn, other temporary lodging, or a rental storage facility is the object of a
Burglary, the LEA should report the number of premises (e.g., rooms, suites, units, or storage
compartments) in Data Element 10 (Number of Premises Entered). For all Burglary offenses, the
agency should report the method of entry in Data Element 11 (Method of Entry) as either data
value F = Force or N = No Force. A forced entry occurs when the offender(s) uses force of any
degree or a mechanical contrivance of any kind (e.g., a passkey or skeleton key) to unlawfully
enter a building or other structure. An unforced entry occurs when the offender(s) achieves
unlawful entry without force through an unlocked door or window. If both forced and unforced
entries are involved, the agency should enter F = Force.
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Agencies should report incidental damage resulting from a Burglary (e.g., a forced door, broken
window, hole in the wall, or dynamited safe) only if the amount of damage is deemed
substantial by the reporting agency. If deemed substantial, the agency should report the
damage under the offense category Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of property.
Note: LEAs should classify offenses according to NIBRS definitions and not according to federal,
state, or local codes. For example, though some jurisdictions may categorize a Shoplifting or a
Theft From an Automobile as Burglary, the UCR Program considers these offenses as Larcenies.
Thefts from an Automobile (whether locked or not); Shoplifting from commercial
establishments; and Thefts from Coin Boxes, or Coin-Operated Machines (including machines
that accept paper bills) do not involve unlawful entry of a structure; thus, no Burglary occurred.
58A-61B, 620 Commerce Violations
58A Import Violations*
To knowingly or willfully defraud the United States by smuggling, importing, or clandestinely
introducing merchandise that should have been invoiced, received, bought, sold, or facilitate
the transportation, the concealment, or sale of such merchandise after importation.
Import Violations is a Crime Against Society.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 58A Import Violations.
58B Export Violations*
To knowingly or willfully defraud the United States by smuggling, exporting, or clandestinely
distributing merchandise that should have been invoiced, received, bought, sold, or facilitate
the transportation, the concealment, or sale of such merchandise after exportation.
Export Violations is a Crime Against Society.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 58B Export Violations.
61A Federal Liquor Offenses*
The unlawful production (using an unregistered still), transportation (without proper bill of
lading), receipt, distribution, or smuggling of distilled spirits on which federal tax has not
been paid. Acting as a distiller, a winery, or a wholesaler of distilled spirits, wine, or malt
beverages without a federal permit.
Federal Liquor Violations is a Crime Against Society.
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Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 61A Federal Liquor Offenses.
61B Federal Tobacco Offenses*
The unlawful possession and/or distribution of contraband tobacco products; including any
quantity of cigarettes in excess of 10,000 or other tobacco products if the cigarettes/products
bear no evidence of the payment of applicable state taxes in the state where the cigarettes
are found. Engaging in interstate commerce in tobacco products without registering with,
and reporting to, the federal government and applicable state tax administrators.
Federal Tobacco Violations is a Crime Against Society.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 61B Federal Tobacco Offenses.
620 Wildlife Trafficking*
The poaching or other illegal taking of protected or managed species and the illegal trade in
wildlife and their related parts and products.
Wildlife Trafficking is a Crime Against Society.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 620 Wildlife Trafficking.
250 Counterfeiting/Forgery
The altering, copying, or imitating of something, without authority or right, with the intent to
deceive or defraud by passing the copy or thing altered or imitated as that which is original or
genuine, or the selling, buying, or possession of an altered, copied, or imitated thing with the
intent to deceive or defraud.
Most states treat Counterfeiting and Forgery as allied offenses. This category includes offenses
such as altering and forging public and other records; making, altering, forging or counterfeiting
bills, notes, drafts, tickets, checks, credit cards, etc.; forging wills, deeds, notes, bonds, seals,
trademarks, etc.; counterfeiting coins, plates, banknotes, checks, etc.; possessing forged or
counterfeit instruments; erasures; signing the name of another or fictitious person with intent
to defraud; using forged labels; possession, manufacture, etc., of counterfeiting apparatus; and
selling goods with altered, forged, or counterfeit trademarks. Although Counterfeiting/Forgery
offenses can involve elements of Fraud, the FBI UCR Program treats them separately due to
their unique nature.
Agencies should enter the type of activity (namely publishing, distributing, selling, buying,
possessing, or transporting) in Data Element 12, (Type Criminal Activity/Gang Information).
Likewise, the agency should enter the type of property altered, counterfeited, or forged in Data
Element 15 (Property Description).
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Problems arise in scoring Counterfeiting/Forgery offenses for UCR purposes when LEAs find the
offender(s) used forged checks or counterfeit money to obtain items such as cash, groceries,
electronic equipment, etc. If the offense of Counterfeiting/Forgery is completed, the Type
Property Loss/Etc. can only be 3 = Counterfeited/Forged, 5 = Recovered, or 6 = Seized.
Therefore, LEAs do not report items the offender(s) obtained as the result of passing a forged
or counterfeit instrument.
When incidents involving the passing of a forged or counterfeited instrument to obtain items
occur, an additional Fraud offense should accompany the Counterfeiting/Forgery to allow the
capture of fraudulently obtained items.
Example:
A lone male enters a department store to purchase a $400 television and a $300 DVD player
(retail value) with a forged check. Later, the store manager finds the offender(s) used a forged
check to make the purchase. The manager then summons the police to file a report. LEAs
should report the incident with UCR Offense Code, 250 = Counterfeiting/Forgery; Type Property
Loss/Etc., 3 = Counterfeited/Forged; Property Description, 21 = Negotiable Instruments ($700).
In addition, Offense Code 26A = False Pretense/Swindle/Confidence Game; Type Property
Loss/Etc., 7 = Stolen/Etc.; Property Description, 26 = Radios/TVs/DVDs; Value of Property, $550
(wholesale value) should be reported.
Note: Once the forged check (a non-negotiable instrument with no monetary value) was passed
to the manager for the television and DVD player, and the manager countersigned the check for
deposit, the non-negotiable instrument became a negotiable instrument. Although the forged
check was written for $700, the wholesale value of the stolen property ($550) should be
reported. Properly countersigned checks, even if done in a fraudulent manner, are considered
negotiable instruments for UCR reporting purposes.
290 Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of Property (except Arson)
To willfully or maliciously destroy, damage, deface, or otherwise injure any public or private
property without the consent of the owner or the person having custody or control of it.
As a general rule, LEAs should report this offense only if they deem substantial damage to
property has occurred, e.g., major structural damage, property damage generally classified as a
felony destruction of property. Agencies should not report insubstantial damage, such as a
broken window or other minor damage. The FBI UCR Program leaves the determination of
whether the damage was substantial to the discretion of the reporting LEA as it should not
require burdensome damage assessments.
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Note: Agencies should report incidental damage resulting from another offense (e.g., Burglary
or Robbery) under Destruction/Damage/Vandalism only if they deem the amount of damage to
be substantial. For Arson, agencies should include the incidental damage resulting from
fighting the fire as part of the loss caused by burning.
35A – 35B Drug/Narcotic Offenses
The violation of laws prohibiting the production, distribution, and/or use of certain controlled
substances and the equipment or devices utilized in their preparation and/or use.
For Drug/Narcotic Offenses, reporting agencies must enter the type of activities (up to three,
namely, cultivating, manufacturing, distributing, selling, buying, using, possessing, transporting,
or importing) in Data Element 12 (Type Criminal Activity/Gang Information).
35A Drug/Narcotic Violations
The unlawful cultivation, manufacture, distribution, sale, purchase, use, possession,
transportation, or importation of any controlled substance.
Because it is difficult to determine the street value of drugs or narcotics seized in Drug/Narcotic
Violations, reporting agencies should not enter a data value in Data Element 16 (Value of
Property). However, agencies must report the type of drug or narcotic in Data Element 20
(Suspected Drug Type); the quantity in Data Element 21 (Estimated Drug Quantity); and the
type of measurement, e.g., kilograms or liquid ounces, in Data Element 22 (Type Drug
Measurement).
35B Drug Equipment Violations
The unlawful manufacture, sale, purchase, possession, or transportation of equipment or
devices utilized in preparing and/or using drugs or narcotics.
This offense covers those cases involving drug paraphernalia, equipment, chemicals, illegal labs,
etc. Various statutes and/or codes may vary in the description of unlawful equipment or
paraphernalia involved with drugs/narcotics.
270 Embezzlement
The unlawful misappropriation by an offender to his/her own use or purpose of money,
property, or some other thing of value entrusted to his/her care, custody, or control.
In general, an employer/employee or legal agent relationship must exist for Embezzlement to
occur. Typically, the victims of these offenses are businesses, financial institutions, etc.
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Agencies must enter the type of victim in Data Element 25 (Type of Victim) (e.g., financial
institution, business, government, individual, religious organization, society/public, and other).
103 Espionage*
The act of obtaining, delivering, transmitting, communicating, or receiving national security
or national defense information with an intent, or reason to believe, that the information
may be used to the injury of the United States or to the advantage of any foreign nation.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 103 Espionage offenses.
210 Extortion/Blackmail
To unlawfully obtain money, property, or any other thing of value, either tangible or
intangible, through the use or threat of force, misuse of authority, threat of criminal
prosecution, threat of destruction of reputation or social standing, or through other coercive
means.
Even though persons are involved or victimized in cases of Extortion/Blackmail, the object of
these crimes is to obtain money, property, or intangibles (e.g., reputation); therefore, they
should be classified as Crimes Against Property.
Extortions include offenses where the offender made threats in non-confrontational
circumstances and the victim is not in fear of immediate harm. If during a demand for money,
property, etc., there is a personal confrontation between the victim and offender and the
offender has the opportunity to carry out the threat of force or violence immediately, the
agency should report the offense as robbery.
If an LEA determines the Extortion/Blackmail produced an intangible benefit (i.e., advantage or
disadvantage), the agency must enter it as data value 66 = Identity-Intangible (provided the
agency has updated property descriptions) or 77 = Other in Data Element 15 (Property
Description). Intangibles are anything a person cannot perceive by the sense of touch. They can
be a benefit (a right or privilege, a promotion, enhanced reputation, etc.) or a detriment (the
loss of reputation, injured feelings, etc.). 77 = Other should only be used for identity intangibles
when an agency has not programmed the new property descriptions.
26A – 26H Fraud Offenses (except Counterfeiting/Forgery)
The intentional perversion of the truth for the purpose of inducing another person or other
entity in reliance upon it to part with something of value or to surrender a legal right.
When classifying fraud cases other than the most obvious ones, e.g., con games, swindles, etc.,
agencies should use care in applying the facts of the case to the definition of Fraud. Often
questions arise as to whether the facts of a case describe a Fraud or a Larceny. Though both
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offenses can involve theft, it is the method used to steal that differentiates the two. Fraud is
achieved through deceit or lying; larceny, is the physical taking of something.
By definition, Fraud involves either the offender receiving a benefit or the victim incurring a
detriment. The benefit or detriment could be either tangible or intangible. Intangibles are
anything a person cannot perceive by the sense of touch. They can be a benefit (a right or
privilege, a promotion, enhanced reputation, etc.) or a detriment (the loss of reputation,
injured feelings, etc.). For example, if a person impersonates a doctor to gain entrance to a
restricted area of a hospital, the benefit to the offender (entry to the restricted area) is an
intangible.
The only fraud-related violations agencies should not report under the Fraud Offenses category
is Counterfeiting/Forgery. These offenses have their own specific offense classifications.
Examples of common fraud involve cases in which an offender rents something of value, e.g.,
equipment or an automobile, for a time but does not return the item. Agencies should classify
this offense, conversion of goods lawfully possessed by a bailee, as Fraud and not Larceny. In
such cases, the offenders originally had lawful possession of the property (the property was
either rented or loaned) and through deceit (they promised to return it) kept the property.
A common classification problem is the taking of gasoline without paying for it. If an offender
steals gasoline from a self-service gas station without paying for it, the reporting agency should
classify the offense as a 23H = All Other Larceny. In this case, the victim made no contract or
agreement for payment with the offender.
However, if someone gets gasoline at a full-service gas station and drives off without paying for
it, the offense is considered a 26A = False Pretenses/Swindle/Confidence Game. The individual
asked someone to provide a service and product to them and failed to pay for it (they made a
tacit agreement for product and services rendered).
Note: Agencies should report the most specific subcategory of fraud whenever the
circumstances fit the definition of more than one of the subcategories listed below. For
example, many frauds would fit the definition of False Pretenses/Swindle/Confidence Game.
However, if the offender used a credit card to perpetrate the Fraud, the agency should classify
the offense as Credit Card/Automated Teller Machine Fraud.
26A False Pretenses/Swindle/Confidence Game
The intentional misrepresentation of existing fact or condition or the use of some other
deceptive scheme or device to obtain money, goods, or other things of value. Only includes
fraud offenses that do not fit any of the definitions of the specific subcategories of fraud.
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This term applies to the premeditated and calculated act that misrepresents the facts or a
situation in order to defraud (false pretenses) and cheating and defrauding grossly with
deliberate artifice (swindling).
Acquisition of personal or movable property, money, or instrument of writing conveying or
securing a valuable right, by means of some false or deceitful pretense or device, or fraudulent
representation, with intent to appropriate the same to use of the party so acquiring, or of
destroying or impairing the rights of the party justly entitled to the same (swindling).
Applies to a swindle where the swindler gains the confidence of the person he is trying swindle
(confidence game).
26B Credit Card/Automated Teller Machine Fraud
The unlawful use of a credit/debit card, credit/debit card number, or automatic teller
machine for fraudulent purposes.
This offense does not apply to the theft of a credit/debit card but rather its fraudulent use.
26C Impersonation
Unlawfully representing one’s position and acting in the character or position to deceive
others and thereby gain a profit or advantage, or enjoy some right or privilege.
Note: If a credit card number is fraudulently used, LEAs should report this as a
26B = Credit Card Fraud.
Example:
In order to receive special discounts from a business an individual put on a military uniform and
enters the business. The individual is not a military service member and uses the fake uniform
with the purpose of impersonating a service member to receive a discount.
26D Welfare Fraud
The use of deceitful statements, practices, or devices to unlawfully obtain welfare benefits.
Includes electronic benefit transfer (EBT) card when utilized with a welfare transaction.
26E Wire Fraud
The use of an electric or electronic communications facility to intentionally transmit a false
and/or deceptive message in furtherance of a fraudulent activity.
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This classification applies to those cases where telephone, teletype, computers, e-mail, text
messages, etc., are used in the commission or furtherance of a fraud. For example, if someone
uses a computer to order products through a fraudulent online auction site and pays for the
products but never receives them, LEAs should classify the incident as 26E = Wire Fraud.
26F Identity Theft
Wrongfully obtaining and/or using another person’s personal data (e.g., name and date of
birth, Social Security number, driver’s license number).
This offense includes opening a credit card, bank account, etc. using a person’s information.
This offense should not be confused with Impersonation (26C) (falsely acting in the character or
position to unlawfully deceive others to gain a profit or advantage; when impersonating
another person, the offender would not be in possession of another person’s personal data).
26G Hacking/Computer Invasion
Gaining access to another person’s or institution’s computer software, hardware, or networks
without authorized permissions.
26H Money Laundering*
The process of transforming the profits of a crime into a legitimate asset.
Money Laundering is a Crime Against Society with Property.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 26H Money Laundering.
49A – 49C Fugitive Offenses*
49A Harboring Escapee/Concealing from Arrest*
To harbor or conceal any person for whose arrest, a warrant or process has been issued, so as
to prevent the fugitive's discovery and arrest, after having notice or knowledge that a
warrant or process has been issued for the fugitive's apprehension.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 49A Harboring Escapee/Concealing from Arrest.
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49B Flight to Avoid Prosecution*
To knowingly leave the jurisdiction where charges were filed with intent to avoid
prosecution, custody, confinement, or to avoid giving testimony in any criminal proceedings.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 49B Flight to Avoid Prosecution.
49C Flight to Avoid Deportation*
To knowingly leave the jurisdiction with intent to avoid deportation.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 49C Flight to Avoid Deportation.
39A – 39D Gambling Offenses
To unlawfully bet or wager money or something else of value; assist, promote, or operate a
game of chance for money or some other stake; possess or transmit wagering information;
manufacture, sell, purchase, possess, or transport gambling equipment, devices, or goods; or
tamper with the outcome of a sporting event or contest to gain a gambling advantage.
While explicit definitions are provided for most Group A crimes, some crimes, such as Gambling
Offenses, depend on the violation of locally established statutes. For example, in those areas of
the nation where gambling is legal, agencies should report gambling offenses only if they
violate the statutes of the jurisdiction.
If a seizure is involved, the reporting agency must enter the type of property seized, e.g., money
or gambling equipment, in Data Element 15 (Property Description) and its value in Data
Element 16 (Value of Property).
39A Betting/Wagering
To unlawfully stake money or something else of value on the happening of an uncertain
event or on the ascertainment of a fact in dispute.
39B Operating/Promoting/Assisting Gambling
To unlawfully operate, promote, or assist in the operation of a game of chance, lottery, or
other gambling activity.
This offense includes bookmaking, numbers running, transmitting wagering information, etc.
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39C Gambling Equipment Violations
To unlawfully manufacture, sell, buy, possess, or transport equipment, devices, and/or goods
used for gambling purposes.
Gambling paraphernalia is another name for such equipment.
Agencies must enter the type of activity (namely manufacturing, selling, buying, possessing, or
transporting) in Data Element 12 (Type Criminal Activity/Gang Information).
39D Sports Tampering
To unlawfully alter, meddle in, or otherwise interfere with a sporting contest or event for the
purpose of gaining a gambling advantage.
This offense includes engaging in Bribery for gambling purposes. For example, if an offender
bribed a jockey to lose a horse race, the agency must report the offense as Sports Tampering,
not Bribery.
09A – 09C Homicide Offenses
The killing of one human being by another.
LEAs should report the circumstances of a homicide in Data Element 31 (Aggravated
Assault/Homicide Circumstances).
09A Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter
The willful (nonnegligent) killing of one human being by another.
As a general rule, agencies should classify in this category any death due to injuries received in
a fight, argument, quarrel, assault, or commission of a crime. Although law enforcement
agencies may charge offenders with lesser offenses, e.g., negligent manslaughter, agencies
should report the offense as murder and nonnegligent manslaughter if the killing was willful or
intentional.
Agencies should not classify suicides, traffic fatalities (including those involving driving under
the influence), fetal deaths, assaults to murder, attempted murders, or accidental deaths as
murder and nonnegligent manslaughter.
Situations in which a victim dies of a heart attack as a result of a crime being committed against
them do not meet the criteria for inclusion as murder and nonnegligent manslaughter.
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Note: The findings of a court, coroner’s inquest, etc., should not influence the reporting of
offenses in this category.
09B Negligent Manslaughter
The killing of another person through gross negligence.
Killings resulting from hunting accidents, gun cleaning, children playing with guns, and traffic
accidents associated with driving under the influence, distracted driving (using a
cell/smartphone), and reckless driving traffic fatalities.
Note: It does not include deaths of persons due to their own negligence, accidental deaths not
resulting from gross negligence, and accidental traffic fatalities.
09C Justifiable Homicide (Not a Crime)
The killing of a perpetrator of a serious criminal offense by a law enforcement officer in the
line of duty, or the killing, during the commission of a serious criminal offense, of the
offender by a private individual.
Justifiable Homicide, by definition, always occurs in conjunction with a serious criminal offense
(i.e., a felony or high misdemeanor). Agencies must report the crime that was being committed
when the Justifiable Homicide took place as a separate incident. The definition of an incident
requires all offenders to act in concert. Certainly, the criminal killed justifiably did not act in
concert with the police officer or civilian who killed him; likewise, the police officer or civilian
who killed the criminal did not act in concert with the criminal in committing the offense that
resulted in the Justifiable Homicide. Therefore, Justifiable Homicide cases involve at least two
incidents rather than one. If the “justified” killer committed another offense in connection with
the Justifiable Homicide (e.g., illegal possession of the gun he/she used), the LEA should report
a third incident.
LE must report the additional circumstances regarding a Justifiable Homicide in Data Element
32 (Additional Justifiable Homicide Circumstances).
64A – 64B Human Trafficking Offenses
The inducement of a person to perform a commercial sex act, or labor, or services, through
force, fraud, or coercion.
Human trafficking has also occurred if a person under 18 years of age has been induced, or
enticed, regardless of force, fraud, or coercion, to perform a commercial sex act.
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64A Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts
Inducing a person by force, fraud, or coercion to participate in commercial sex acts, or in
which the person induced to perform such act(s) has not attained 18 years of age.
All juveniles should be considered a victim of human trafficking if considered to be induced to
perform commercial sex acts.
Human trafficking involves “exploitation” of the individual. Not every human trafficking incident
should be based on the commercial sex act alone.
Survival sex is counted (Sex acts for food, shelter, etc.).
64B Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude
The obtaining of person(s) through recruitment, harboring, transportation, or provision, and
subjecting such persons by force, fraud, or coercion into involuntary servitude, peonage, debt
bondage, or slavery (not to include commercial sex acts).
30A – 30D Immigration Violations
30A Illegal Entry into the United States*
To attempt to enter the U.S. at any time or place other than as designated; or eludes
examination/inspection by immigration officers.
Immigration Violation Illegal Entry into the United States is a Crime Against Society.
Note: Only federal LEA may report 30A Illegal Entry into the United States.
30B False Citizenship*
Falsely and willfully representing oneself to be a citizen of the United States.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 30B False Citizenship.
30C Smuggling Aliens*
To knowingly assist, abet, or aid another person to enter, or try to enter, the United States
illegally.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 30C Smuggling Aliens.
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30D Re-entry after Deportation*
The act of entering, attempting to enter, or being found in the United States after being
removed, excluded, deported, or has departed the United States while an order of removal
exclusion or deportation is outstanding.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 30D Re-entry after Deportation.
100 Kidnapping/Abduction
The unlawful seizure, transportation, and/or detention of a person against his/her will or of a
minor without the consent of his/her custodial parent(s) or legal guardian.
Kidnapping/Abduction includes hostage and parental abduction situations as well. This offense
is the only Crime Against Person for which LEAs must report property information. In such
cases, the property segment is necessary to report information regarding any ransom paid for
the victim’s release. Although the object of a kidnapping may be to obtain money or property,
LEAs may only report the persons actually kidnapped, abducted, or detained against their will
as victims for this offense type. Those persons or organizations paying ransoms must not be
counted as victims for Kidnapping/Abduction offenses.
Note: If no ransom is paid, Data Element 14 (Type Property Loss/Etc.) Must be reported as 1 =
None.
23A – 23H Larceny/Theft Offenses
The unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property from the possession or
constructive possession of another person.
Larceny and Theft mean the same thing in the UCR Program. Local offense classifications such
as grand theft, petty larceny, felony larceny, or misdemeanor larceny have no bearing on the
fact that LEAs should report one offense for each distinct operation of such larcenies for UCR
purposes, regardless of the value of the property stolen.
When multiple types of Larceny/Theft occur within a single incident, agencies should report all
types of Larceny/Theft involved. LEAs should report multiple Larceny/Theft offenses because
these offenses are not inherent.
For example, if an individual stole a factory-installed radio valued at $600 and a laptop
computer valued at $1,500 from a motor vehicle in the same incident, the agency should report
both offenses—Theft of Motor Vehicle Parts or Accessories for the radio and a Theft From
Motor Vehicle for the laptop.
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The FBI UCR Program does not include Motor Vehicle Theft in the Larceny/Theft offense
category. Because of the great volume of such thefts, the FBI UCR Program counts these
offenses separately. Also, agencies should not classify embezzlement, fraudulent conversion of
entrusted property, conversion of goods lawfully possessed by a bailee, counterfeiting,
obtaining money by false pretenses, larceny by check, larceny by bailee, and check fraud as
Larceny offenses. Each of these crimes falls within other offense categories.
Agencies should enter the type of property that was the object of the theft in Data
Element 15 (Property Description).
23A Pocket-picking
The theft of articles from another person’s physical possession by stealth where the victim is
not immediately aware a theft occurred.
If the offender manhandled the victim in any way or used force beyond simple jostling to
overcome the victim’s resistance, the agency must classify the offense as a Strong-Arm
Robbery.
This type of theft includes removal of such items as wallets from women’s purses and men’s
pockets and usually occurs in a crowded area or on public transportation to disguise the
activity. Agencies should also classify a theft from a person in an unconscious state, including an
individual who is drunk, as Pocket-picking.
23B Purse-snatching
The grabbing or snatching of a purse, handbag, etc., from the physical possession of another
person.
If the offender used more force than was actually necessary to snatch the purse from the grasp
of the victim, or if the victim resists the theft in any way, then classify the incident as a Strong-
Arm Robbery.
If the victim left a purse or other item of value unattended in a location which was open to the
general public and the item was subsequently stolen, the agency should classify the incident as
23D = Theft From Building, 23F = Theft From Motor Vehicle, or other appropriate Larceny
category and not as a 23B = Purse-snatching. Purse-Snatching only applies when the victim has
physical possession of the item (i.e., it is on the victim’s person).
23C Shoplifting
The unlawful taking of goods or merchandise exposed for sale by a person (other than an
employee).
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This violation assumes the offender had legal access to the premises, and thus, no trespass or
unlawful entry was involved. This offense includes thefts of merchandise displayed as part of
the stock in trade outside of buildings such as department stores, hardware stores,
supermarkets, and fruit stands.
23D Theft From Building
The unlawful taking of items from within a building which is either open to the general public
or to which the offender has legal access.
Law enforcement should report a theft from a structure where the offender entered the
structure illegally as burglary.
Theft From Building includes thefts from such places as churches, restaurants, schools, libraries,
public buildings, and other public and professional offices during the hours when such facilities
are open to the public. Agencies should not include Shoplifting and Thefts From Coin-Operated
Machines or Devices within open buildings, but should classify these as other specific larceny
types.
For example, if an individual invites another person to their home for a meal, and the other
person steals something from the home during the course of the meal, the incident should be
classified as Theft From Building (the guest had every right to be in the home but they stole
something from the home while they were there).
23E Theft From Coin-Operated Machine or Device
The unlawful taking of items from a machine or device that is operated or activated by the
use of coins.
This includes machines or devices that accept paper money as well as those which accept coins.
Examples include candy and food vending machines; telephone coin boxes; parking meters;
pinball machines; or washers and dryers located in laundromats where no breaking or illegal
entry of the building is involved.
If an offender breaks into a building or illegally enters a building and rifles a coin-operated
machine for money and/or merchandise, law enforcement should classify this as burglary.
23F Theft From Motor Vehicle (except Theft of Motor Vehicle Parts or Accessories)
The unlawful taking of articles from a motor vehicle, locked or unlocked.
This type of Larceny includes thefts from automobiles, trucks, truck trailers, buses, motorcycles,
motor homes, or other recreational vehicles. It also includes thefts from any area in the
automobile or other type of vehicle, e.g., the trunk, glove compartment, or other enclosure.
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Some of the items stolen in this type of theft are cameras, suitcases, apparel, packages, etc.,
that are not an integral part of the vehicle.
Agencies should not include items considered automobile accessories, as they fall under Theft
of Motor Vehicle Parts and Accessories.
For Larceny situations in which offenders steal both articles from the motor vehicle and motor
vehicle parts and accessories, agencies should report Theft From Motor Vehicle and Theft of
Motor Vehicle Parts and Accessories with each corresponding property type/loss; conversion of
NIBRS data to SRS data will classify one type of larceny/theft based upon the higher loss value
and combine the lesser with it.
Note: As stated on page 32 of the NIBRS User Manual, Version 1.0, dated January 17, 2013,
“When multiple types of larceny/theft occur within a single incident, agencies should report all
types of larceny/theft involved. LEAs should report multiple offenses because these offenses
are not inherent.”
Certain state statutes might interpret Thefts From Motor Vehicles as Burglaries. However,
agencies must classify these offenses as larcenies for UCR purposes. If a Theft From a Motor
Vehicle occurs in conjunction with a Motor Vehicle Theft, the agency will most often report the
incident as a Motor Vehicle Theft and record the stolen property within the appropriate
property-type categories. If, however, the reporting jurisdiction determines the real object of
the theft was the contents, rather than the vehicle, it may report two offenses: the Motor
Vehicle Theft and the Theft From a Motor Vehicle.
For example, if an offender stole an automobile with a coat in the back seat, the responding
agency would report the offense as Motor Vehicle Theft and account for the coat as property
stolen in connection with the automobile theft. Conversely, an agency could report the theft of
a tractor-trailer (truck) containing a shipment of televisions as two offenses if, in the judgment
of the reporting agency, the real object of the theft was the televisions, e.g., the truck was
found abandoned and empty not far from the scene of the theft. In this situation, the LEA
should also classify the two offenses as Cargo Theft.
23G Theft of Motor Vehicle Parts or Accessories
The unlawful taking of any part or accessory affixed to the interior or exterior of a motor
vehicle in a manner which would make the item an attachment of the vehicle or necessary for
its operation.
This Larceny subcategory includes thefts of motors, transmissions, radios, heaters, hubcaps and
wheel covers, manufacturers’ emblems, license plates, side-view mirrors, siphoned gasoline,
built-in DVD players, mounted GPS devices, catalytic converter, tires on car, etc.
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If items stolen were not part of the vehicle and were only being transported in the vehicle when
stolen, the reporting agency should classify the offense as Theft From Motor Vehicle.
23H All Other Larceny
All thefts which do not fit any of the Larceny/Theft or specific subcategories identified in UCR.
All Other Larceny includes thefts from fenced enclosures, boats (houseboats if used for
recreational purposes), and airplanes. It also includes the illegal entry of a tent, tent trailer, or
travel trailer used for recreational purposes, followed by a theft or attempted theft. Examples
of items stolen from areas in which the offender did not break into a structure are thefts of
animals, lawnmowers, lawn furniture, hand tools, and farm and construction equipment.
Agencies should also classify instances that the offender takes gasoline from a self-service gas
station and leaves without paying as All Other Larceny.
240 Motor Vehicle Theft
The theft of a motor vehicle.
A motor vehicle is a self-propelled vehicle that runs on the surface of land and not on rails that
is not proceeds of another crime and that fits one of the following descriptions:
• Automobiles—sedans, coupes, station wagons, convertibles, taxicabs, or other similar
motor vehicles serving the primary purpose of transporting people
This classification also includes minivans (which primarily transport people), automobiles
used as taxis; sport-utility vehicles, such as Explorers, Highlanders, 4Runners, Pathfinders,
and Hummers; and automobile derivative vehicles, such as Ranchero, El Camino, Caballero,
and Brat.
• Buses—motor vehicles specifically designed (but not necessarily used) to transport groups
of people on a commercial basis
• Recreational Vehicles—motor vehicles specifically designed (but not necessarily used) to
transport people and provide them with temporary lodging for recreational purposes
• Trucks—motor vehicles specifically designed (but not necessarily used) to transport cargo
on a commercial basis
Pickup trucks and pickup trucks with campers should be classified as 37 = Trucks, as they
meet the definition specifically designed, but not necessarily used, to transport cargo.
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• Other Motor Vehicles–other motorized vehicles, e.g., motorcycles, motor scooters, trail
bikes, mopeds, snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles, or golf carts whose primary purpose is to
transport people
Using the vehicle descriptions above, agencies should enter the type of motor vehicle in Data
Element 15 (Property Description).
Note: LEAs should classify full-size vans, both regular wheelbase and extended wheelbase, as
buses, recreational vehicles, or trucks depending upon their configuration, e.g., vans with rows
of seats (buses), custom vans with temporary lodging accommodations (recreational vehicles),
and work vans with primarily cargo areas (trucks).
Agencies should report incidences of carjacking as 120 = Robbery, with the type of vehicle taken
(automobile, truck, etc.) identified in the property description. The offense of
240 = Motor Vehicle Theft is not to be identified as an additional offense, as the stolen motor
vehicle is the proceeds of the offense of robbery, and not a separate, distinct operation.
Consequently, Data Element 18 (Number of Stolen Motor Vehicles) and Data Element 19
(Number of Recovered Motor Vehicles) are not used.
When the offender takes a motor vehicle from the garage of a house during a Burglary, the LEA
should report the offense as 220 = Burglary/Breaking & Entering and should identify the type of
vehicle taken (automobile, truck, etc.) in the property description. The offense 240 = Motor
Vehicle Theft is not to be identified as an additional offense because the stolen motor vehicle is
the proceeds of the burglary, and not a separate, distinct operation. Consequently, Data
Element 18 (Number of Stolen Motor Vehicles) and Data Element 19 (Number of Recovered
Motor Vehicles) are not used.
Agencies should classify incidents as Motor Vehicle Theft when persons not having lawful
access take automobiles even if the vehicles were later abandoned, e.g., joyriding. Agencies
should not include the taking of a vehicle for temporary use when prior authority has been
granted or can be assumed, such as in family situations; or unauthorized use by chauffeurs and
others having lawful access to the vehicle. Other Group A offenses may have occurred in these
situations. For example, if a chauffeur steals a car entrusted to his care, the responding agency
should report embezzlement.
Note: Motor Vehicle Thefts do not include farm equipment (tractors, combines, etc.); that falls
under a separate property description.
370 Pornography/Obscene Material
The violation of laws or ordinances prohibiting the manufacture, publishing (publication),
distributing (distribution), sale, purchase, or possession of sexually explicit material deemed
legally obscene.
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LEAs must enter up to three of the types of activity (manufacturing, publishing, selling, buying,
or possessing) into Data Element 12 (Type Criminal Activity/Gang Information).
40A – 40C Prostitution Offenses
To unlawfully engage in or promote sexual activities for anything of value.
40A Prostitution
To engage in commercial sex acts for anything of value.
This offense involves prostitution by both males and females.
40B Assisting or Promoting Prostitution
To solicit customers or transport persons for prostitution purposes; to own, manage, or
operate a dwelling or other establishment for the purpose of providing a place where
prostitution is performed; or to otherwise assist or promote prostitution.
40C Purchasing Prostitution
To purchase or trade anything of value for sex acts.
120 Robbery
The taking of anything of value from the control, custody, or care of another person by force
or threat of force and/or by putting the victim in fear of immediate harm.
Robbery involves the offender taking or attempting to take something of value from a victim,
usually the property owner or custodian, by the use of force or threat of force. (The victim must
be present.) If there is no direct confrontation and the victim is not in fear of immediate harm,
LE should report Extortion. Though direct confrontation occurs in Pocket-pickings or Purse-
snatchings, force or threat of force is absent. However, if during a Purse-snatching or other
such crime, the offender uses force or threat of force to overcome the active resistance of the
victim, LE should classify the offense as Robbery.
LE should classify cases involving pretend weapons or those in which the robber claims to
possess a weapon but the victim does not see it as Robbery and report the alleged weapon. If
an immediate on-view arrest proves there was no weapon, the agency should classify the
offense as Robbery and report the weapon with the data value “None.”
Because assault is an element of robbery, law enforcement should not report assault as a
separate crime as long as the offender committed the assault in furtherance of the robbery.
However, if the injury results in death, law enforcement must also report a homicide offense.
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As in the case of all Crimes Against Property, LE should report only one offense for each distinct
operation of Robbery, regardless of the number of victims involved. However, the victims of a
Robbery include not only those persons and other entities (businesses, financial institutions,
etc.) from whom property was taken (or was attempted to be taken), but also those persons
toward whom the robber(s) directed force or threat of force in perpetrating the offense.
Therefore, although the primary victim in a bank robbery would be the financial institution, LE
should report as a victim the teller toward whom the robber pointed a gun and made a
demand, as well as any other person against whom the offender committed an assault during
the course of the Robbery.
LE should enter the type of weapon/force used (or threatened) and the resulting injury in Data
Element 13 (Type Weapon/Force Involved) and Data Element 33 (Type Injury).
11A – 11D Sex Offenses
Any sexual act directed against another person, without the consent of the victim, including
instances where the victim is incapable of giving consent.
11A Rape (except Statutory Rape)
The carnal knowledge of a person, without the consent of the victim, including instances
where the victim is unable to give consent because of his/her age or because of his/her
temporary or permanent mental or physical incapacity.
Agencies should classify the crime as Rape, regardless of the age of the victim, if the victim did
not consent or if the victim was incapable of giving consent. If the victim consented, the
offender did not force or threaten the victim, and the victim was under the statutory age of
consent, agencies should classify the crime as statutory rape.
Black’s Law Dictionary, 6th ed., defines carnal knowledge as “the act of a man having sexual
bodily connections with a woman; sexual intercourse.” There is carnal knowledge if there is the
slightest penetration of the sexual organ of the female (vagina) by the sexual organ of the male
(penis). However, for UCR purposes, this offense includes the rape of both males and females if
at least one of the offenders is the opposite sex of the victim.
In cases where several offenders rape one person, the responding agency should count one
Rape (for one victim) and report separate offender information for each offender.
11B Sodomy
Oral or anal sexual intercourse with another person, without the consent of the victim,
including instances where the victim is unable to give consent because of his/her age or
because of his/her temporary or permanent mental or physical incapacity.
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If the offender both raped and sodomized the victim in one incident, then LEAs should report
both offenses.
11C Sexual Assault With An Object
To use an object or instrument to unlawfully penetrate, however slightly, the genital or anal
opening of the body of another person, without the consent of the victim, including instances
where the victim is unable to give consent because of his/her age or because of his/her
temporary or permanent mental or physical incapacity.
An “object” or “instrument” is anything used by the offender other than the offender’s
genitalia, e.g., a finger, bottle, handgun, stick.
11D Fondling
The touching of the private body parts of another person for the purpose of sexual
gratification, without the consent of the victim, including instances where the victim is unable
to give consent because of his/her age or because of his/her temporary or permanent mental
or physical incapacity.
36A – 36B, 360 Sex Offenses
Unlawful sexual intercourse.
36A Incest
Nonforcible sexual intercourse between persons who are related to each other within the
degrees wherein marriage is prohibited by law.
36B Statutory Rape
Nonforcible sexual intercourse with a person who is under the statutory age of consent.
There is no force or coercion used in Statutory Rape; the act is not an attack. LEAs should
classify an offense as Statutory Rape based on the state’s Statutory Rape laws and the findings
of the LE investigation.
360 Failure to Register as a Sex Offender*
To fail to register or keep current a registration as required by state and federal laws.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 360 Failure to Register as a Sex Offender.
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280 Stolen Property Offenses
Buying, receiving, possessing, selling, concealing, or transporting any property with the
knowledge that it has been unlawfully taken, as by burglary, embezzlement, fraud, larceny,
robbery, etc.
Reporting agencies must enter at least one but no more than three types of activity (receiving,
buying, selling, possessing, concealing, and/or transporting) in Data Element 12 (Type Criminal
Activity/Gang Information).
101 Treason*
Whoever, owing allegiance to the United States, levies war against them or adheres to their
enemies, giving them aid and comfort within the United States or elsewhere.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 101 Treason.
520-526 Weapon Law Violations
520 Weapon Law Violations
The violation of laws or ordinances prohibiting the manufacture, sale, purchase,
transportation, possession, concealment, or use of firearms, cutting instruments, explosives,
incendiary devices, or other deadly weapons.
This offense includes violations such as the manufacture, sale, or possession of deadly
weapons; carrying deadly weapons, concealed or openly; using, manufacturing, etc., silencers;
and furnishing deadly weapons to minors.
Reporting agencies should enter the type of activity (manufacturing, buying, selling,
transporting, possessing, concealing, or using) in Data Element 12 (Type Criminal Activity/Gang
Information) and the type of weapon in Data Element 13 (Type Weapon/Force Involved).
521 Violation of National Firearms Act of 1934*
To manufacture, import, sell, purchase, transfer, possess, or transport in interstate
commerce, a firearm knowing it has the characteristics or features of a short barreled rifle or
shotgun, machine gun, silencer, destructive device, or any other weapon as defined at 26 USC
§ 5845(a) in violation of the provisions of the National Firearms Act (generally non-tax paid,
unregistered).
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 521 Violation of National Firearms Act of 1934.
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522 Weapons of Mass Destruction*
To knowingly violate the federal law prohibiting the unlawful use, attempted use, conspiracy
to use, or use of interstate travel or facilities in furtherance of the use of a weapon of mass
destruction as defined by federal law.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 522 Weapons of Mass Destruction.
526 Explosives*
To knowingly violate the federal law prohibiting the manufacture, importation, sale,
purchases, transfer, possession, unlawful use, intra or interstate transportation, or improper
storage of any chemical compound mixture the primary or common purpose of which is to
function by explosion including explosive materials or any explosive bomb, rocket, grenade,
missile, or similar device, or any incendiary bomb or grenade, fire bomb, or “Molotov
cocktail”.
Explosives is a Crime Against Society with Property. The offense should follow the same rules
as Weapons Law Violations (520) but also contain a property segment.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 526 Explosives.
Group B Offenses
There are 10 Group B crime categories encompassing offenses not considered Group A
offenses. The offense categories listed below are in alphabetical order. Each entry includes the
following information:
• NIBRS offense code, offense name.
• Definition.
• Considerations and examples (as appropriate).
90B Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy Violations
The violation of a court order, regulation, ordinance, or law requiring the withdrawal of
persons from the streets or other specified areas; prohibiting persons from remaining in an
area or place in an idle or aimless manner; or prohibiting persons from going from place to
place without a visible means of support.
This offense includes begging, vagabondage, and panhandling, etc.
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90C Disorderly Conduct
Any behavior that tends to disturb the public peace or decorum, scandalize the community,
or shock the public sense of morality.
This offense includes affray (when not physical), blasphemy, profanity, obscene language,
disturbing the peace, indecent exposure, loud music, and public nuisance.
90D Driving Under the Influence
Driving or operating a motor vehicle or common carrier while mentally or physically impaired
as the result of consuming an alcoholic beverage or using a drug or narcotic.
This offense includes driving while intoxicated and operating an airplane, boat, bus, streetcar,
train, etc., while under the influence.
90F Family Offenses, Nonviolent
Unlawful, nonviolent acts by a family member (or legal guardian) that threaten the physical,
mental, or economic well-being or morals of another family member and that are not
classifiable as other offenses such as assault, incest, and statutory rape.
Nonviolent Family Offenses include abandonment, desertion, neglect, nonsupport, nonviolent
abuse, and nonviolent cruelty to other family members. This category also includes the
nonpayment of court-ordered alimony (i.e., considered to be contempt of court) within the
reporting jurisdiction.
Agencies should not include the victims of these offenses taken into custody for their own
protection.
90G Liquor Law Violations (except Driving Under the Influence)
The violation of laws or ordinances prohibiting the manufacture, sale, purchase,
transportation, possession, or use of alcoholic beverages.
Liquor law violations include violation of laws/ordinances prohibiting the maintenance of
unlawful drinking places; operating without a liquor license; underage drinking; furnishing
liquor to a minor; bootlegging; operating a still; using a vehicle for the illegal transportation of
liquor; etc.
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90J Trespass of Real Property
To unlawfully enter land, a dwelling, or other real property.
All Burglary offenses include the element of trespass. Trespassing, however, involves entry with
no intent to commit a felony or theft.
90K Bond Default*
The failure to appear in court without a satisfactory excuse, after bond has been set.
The judge sets the bond and determines what is or is not a satisfactory excuse for failing to
appear in court.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 90K Bond Default.
90L Federal Resource Violations*
To unlawfully and intentionally damage or destruct national resources including those
protected under any Act intended to preserve or protect the national’s environmental,
natural, cultural, or historically significant resources.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 90L Federal Resource Violations.
90M Perjury*
To knowingly or intentionally communicate or certify an untruth through testimony,
declaration, deposition, or certificate before a competent tribunal, officer, or person in which
a law of the United States authorizes an oath to be administered.
Note: Only federal and tribal LEAs may report 90M Perjury.
90Z All Other Offenses
All crimes that are not Group A offenses and not included in one of the specifically named
Group B crime categories listed previously.
This category includes Offenses of General Applicability if the substantive offense is a Group A
offense unless it is an integral component of the Group A offense such as human trafficking.
Offenses of General Applicability are those offenses prefixed by Accessory Before/After the
Fact, Aiding and Abetting, Assault to Commit, Conspiracy to Commit, Enticement, Facilitation of,
Solicitation to Commit, Threat to Commit, or any other prefix identifying it as other than the
substantive offense.
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Generally, this category excludes traffic offenses. However, the vehicle-related offenses of Hit
and Run (of a person) and Vehicular Manslaughter, along with Driving Under the Influence,
which is a separate Group B offense, have their own categories. Hit and Run (of a person) and
Vehicular Manslaughter incidents could be Group A or Group B offenses depending on the
circumstances of the incidents. Driving Under the Influence offenses should be classified as the
Group B offense of 90D = Driving Under the Influence.
2.5 Offense Lookup Table
Once LE has classified offenses involved in an incident according to its own offense definitions,
they should use the Offense Lookup Table to determine whether the offenses are Group A or
Group B offenses in NIBRS. The Offense Lookup Table lists various types of crime, whether the
crime is a Group A or Group B offense, and the NIBRS crime category covering the offense. For
example, the crime of Abduction is listed as a Group A offense covered by the crime category
Kidnapping/Abduction. In addition, the table includes the notational reminder “Other offenses
may have been committed” for crimes most likely to involve companion offenses.
Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
– A –
Abandonment
B
Family Offenses, Nonviolent
90F
Abduction
A
Human Trafficking or
Kidnapping/Abduction
64A, 64B, or
100
Abortion
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Abuse, Nonviolent
B
Family Offenses, Nonviolent or All
Other Offenses
90F or 90Z
Accessory After the Fact
A or B
Classify as 90Z if Group A offense is
involved, as Group B offense if
Group B offense is involved or 49A
Harboring Escapee/Concealing
from Arrest*
90Z or Other (Group
B) Offense
(Depends on
circumstances) or 49A
Accessory Before the Fact
A or B
Classify as 90Z if Group A offense
involved or as substantive offense
if Group B offense involved
90Z or Other (Group
B) Offense
Accosting
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Adulterated Food, Drugs, or
Cosmetics
A or B
All Other Offenses (Other offenses
may have been committed, e.g.,
Homicide, Aggravated or Simple
Assault, or Fraud)
90Z or Other (Group
B) Offense
(Depends on
circumstances)
Adultery
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Affray
A or B
Assault Offenses or
Disorderly Conduct
13A, 13B, 13C, or 90C
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Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Aiding and Abetting
A or B
Classify as 90Z if Group A offense is
involved unless it is an integral
component of the Group A offense
such as Human Trafficking or as
Group B offense is Group B offense
is involved or 49A Harboring
Escapee/Concealing from Arrest*
64A, 64B, 90Z, or
Other (Group B)
Offense (Depends on
circumstances) or 49A
Aiding Prisoner to Escape
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Air Piracy/Hijacking
A
Classify as substantive offense,
e.g., Kidnapping/Abduction or
Robbery
Depends on
circumstances
Alcoholic Beverage Control
(ABC) Laws
A or B
Liquor Law Violations or Commerce
Violations*
90G, 61A
Antitrust Law Violations
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Arson
A
Arson
200
Assault
A
Assault Offenses
13A, 13B, or 13C
Assault, Aggravated
A
Assault Offenses (Aggravated
Assault)
13A
Assault and Battery
A
Assault Offenses (Aggravated
Assault or Simple Assault)
13A or 13B
Assault, Minor
A
Assault Offenses (Simple Assault)
13B
Assault, Sexual
A
Rape, Sodomy, Fondling, Sexual
Assault With An Object, or
Statutory Rape
Depends on
circumstances
Assault, Simple
A
Assault Offenses (Simple Assault)
13B
Assembly, Unlawful
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Automated Teller Machine
Fraud
A
Fraud Offenses (Credit Card/
Automated Teller Machine Fraud)
26B
– B –
Battery
A
Assault Offenses (Aggravated
Assault or Simple Assault)
13A or 13B
Begging
B
Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy
Violations
90B
Bestiality
A
Animal Cruelty
720
Betting, Unlawful
A
Gambling Offenses (Betting
Wagering)
39A
Bigamy
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
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Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Blackmail
A
Extortion/Blackmail or Robbery if
during a demand for money,
property, etc., the offender
confronts the victim and threatens
imminent violence
210 or 120
Blasphemy
B
Disorderly Conduct
90C
Blue Law Violations
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Boating Law Violations
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Bomb Threat
A
Assault Offenses (Intimidation)
13C
Bombing Offenses
A
Classify same as substantive
offense, e.g., Homicide, Aggravated
or Simple Assault, Destruction/
Damage/Vandalism of Property, or
Weapon Law Violations
Depends on
circumstances
Bookmaking
A
Gambling Offenses (Operating/
Promoting/Assisting Gambling)
39B
Breaking and Entering (B&E)
A
Burglary/Breaking and Entering
220
Bribery
A
Bribery
510
Bribery, Sports
A
Gambling Offenses (Sports
Tampering)
39D
Burglary
A
Burglary/Breaking and Entering
220
Burglary Tools, Possessing
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Buying Stolen Property
A
Stolen Property Offenses
280
– C –
Canvassing, Illegal
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Card Game, Unlawful
A
Gambling Offenses (Betting/
Wagering)
39A
Cargo Theft
A
Classify same as substantive
offense e.g., Robbery, Motor
Vehicle Theft, etc., then use Data
Element 2A to indicate the offense
was Cargo Theft
Depends on
circumstances
Carjacking
A
Robbery
120
Carrying Concealed Weapon
A
Weapon Law Violations or
Violation of National Firearms Act
of 1934*
520 or 521
Checks, Fraudulent
A
Fraud Offenses (False Pretenses/
Swindle/Confidence Game or
Other Offenses, e.g.,
Counterfeiting/ Forgery
26A, 250
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Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Child Abuse, Nonviolent
B
Family Offenses, Nonviolent
90F
Child Abuse, Violent
A
Assault Offenses
13A, 13B, or 13C
Child Cruelty, Nonviolent
B
Family Offenses, Nonviolent
90F
Child Cruelty, Violent
A
Assault Offenses
13A, 13B, or 13C
Child Molesting
A
Sex Offenses (Fondling) or Human
Trafficking (Commercial Sex Acts)
11D or 64A
Child Neglect
B
Family Offenses, Nonviolent
90F
Civil Rights Violations
A or B
Human Trafficking, All Other
Offenses, or Other Group A
Offenses (Report predicate
offenses, e.g., Arson, Murder,
Aggravated Assault)
64A, 64B, 90Z, or
Other Offenses
(Depends on
circumstances)
Combinations in Restraint of
Trade
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Commercialized Sex
A or B
Human Trafficking, Prostitution
Offenses, Pornography/Obscene
Material, or All Other Offenses
64A, 40A, 40B, 40C,
370, or 90Z
Commercialized Vice
A or B
Human Trafficking, Prostitution
Offenses, Gambling Offenses,
Pornography/Obscene Material, or
All Other Offenses
64A, 40A, 40B, 40C,
370, 39A, 39B, 39C,
39D, or 90Z
Compounding a Felony or
Misdemeanor
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Computer Crime
A or B
Classify same as substantive
offense, e.g., Larceny/Theft,
Embezzlement, or Fraud Offenses
Depends on
circumstances
Concealed Weapon
A
Weapon Law Violations or
Violation of National Firearm Act
of 1934*
520 or 521
Conditional Release Violation
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Confidence Game
A
Fraud Offenses (False Pretenses/
Swindle/Confidence Game)
26A
Conflict of Interest
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Consensual Sodomy
A or B
All Other Offenses
90Z or 36B
Conservation (Environment
or Ecology) Laws
A or B
Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of
Property or All Other Offenses
290 or 90Z
Conspiracy to Commit
A or B
Classify as 90Z if Group A offense is
involved or as Group B offense if
Group B offense is involved
90Z or Other (Group
B) Offense
(Depends on
circumstances)
Contempt of Court
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
04/15/2021
2021.1 NIBRS User Manual 49
Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Contract Fraud
A
Fraud Offenses (False Pretenses/
Swindle/Confidence Game) or
Human Trafficking
26A, 64A, or 64B
Contributing to the
Delinquency of a Minor
A or B
Human Trafficking or All Other
Offenses (Other offenses may have
been committed, e.g.,
Pornography/ Obscene Material,
Prostitution, or Liquor Law
Violations)
64A or 90Z
(Depends on
circumstances)
Conversion
A
Embezzlement
270
Corrupt Conduct by Juror
B
All Other Offenses (Other offenses
may have been committed, e.g.,
Bribery or False Statement)
Depends on
circumstances
Counterfeiting
A
Counterfeiting/Forgery
250
Credit Card Fraud
A
Fraud Offenses (Credit Card/
Automated Teller Machine Fraud)
26B
Criminal Defamation
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Criminal Libel
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Criminal Slander
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Cruelty to Animal(s)
A
Animal Cruelty
720
Cruelty to Children,
Nonviolent
A or B
Assault Offenses (Intimidation),
Family Offenses, Nonviolent, or All
Other Offenses
13C, 90F, or 90Z
Cruelty to Children, Violent
A
Assault Offenses
13A, 13B, or 13C
Curfew Violations
B
Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy
Violations
90B
– D –
Damage Property
A
Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of
Property
290
Deception
A
Fraud Offenses or Human
Trafficking
26A, 26B, 26C, 26D,
26E, 26F, 26G, 64A, or
64B
Defamation, Criminal
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Desecrating the Flag
−
(Not a criminal offense)
Desertion (familial)
B
Family Offenses, Nonviolent
90F
Destroying Evidence
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Detention, Forcible
A
Human Trafficking or
Kidnapping/Abduction
64A, 64B, or
100
Detention, Unlawful
A
Human Trafficking or
Kidnapping/Abduction
64A, 64B, or
100
04/15/2021
2021.1 NIBRS User Manual 50
Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Dice Game, Unlawful
A
Gambling Offenses (Betting/
Wagering)
39A
Disinterment, Unlawful
A or B
All Other Offenses
90Z, 13B, or 13C
Disorderly Conduct
B
Disorderly Conduct
90C
Disturbing the Peace
B
Disorderly Conduct
90C
Driving Under the Influence
(DUI)
B
Driving Under the Influence
09B or 90D
Driving While Intoxicated
(DWI)
B
Driving Under the Influence
09B or 90D
Drug Equipment Violations
A
Drug/Narcotic Offenses (Drug
Equipment Violations)
35B
Drug Offenses
A
Drug/Narcotic Offenses
(Drug/Narcotic Violations)
35A
Drug Paraphernalia Offenses
A
Drug/Narcotic Offenses (Drug
Equipment Violations)
35B
– E –
Eavesdropping
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Ecology Law Violations
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Election Law Violations
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Embezzlement
A
Embezzlement
270
Enticement
A or B
Classify as 90Z if Group A offense is
involved unless it is an integral
component of the Group A offense
such as Human Trafficking or as
Group B offense is Group B offense
is involved
100, 64A, 64B, 90Z, or
Other (Group B)
Offense (Depends on
circumstances)
Entry, Forcible
A or B
Burglary/Breaking and Entering
220 or 90J
Entry, Non-Forcible
A or B
Burglary/Breaking and Entering
220 or 90J
Entry, Unlawful
A or B
Burglary/Breaking and Entering
220 or 90J
Environment Law Violations
B
All Other Offenses
90Z or 90L
Equipment, Drug
A
Drug/Narcotic Offenses (Drug
Equipment Violations)
35B
Equipment, Gambling
A
Gambling Offenses (Gambling
Equipment Violations)
39C
Escape (Flight)
A or B
All Other Offenses or Fugitive
Offenses*
90Z, 49B, 49C
04/15/2021
2021.1 NIBRS User Manual 51
Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Espionage*
A
All Other Offenses
(Other offenses may have been
committed, e.g., Burglary or
Larceny/Theft) or Espionage
Offenses*
103
Explosives*
A
Classify same as substantive
offense, e.g., Homicide,
Aggravated or Simple Assault,
Destruction/ Damage/Vandalism
of Property, Explosives*, Weapon
Law Violations
Depends on
circumstances
Extortion
A
Human Trafficking or
Extortion/Blackmail
64A, 64B, or 210
– F –
Facilitation of
A or B
Classify as 90Z if Group A offense is
involved unless it is an integral
component of the Group A offense
such as Human Trafficking or as
Group B offense is Group B offense
is involved
64A, 64B, 90Z, or
Other (Group B)
Offense (Depends on
circumstances)
Failure to Appear*
B
All Other Offenses or Failure to
Appear*
90Z or 90K
False Arrest
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
False Citizenship*
A or B
All Other Offenses or False
Citizenship*
90Z or 30B
False Fire Alarm
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
False Pretenses
A
Fraud Offenses (False Pretenses/
Swindle/Confidence Game) or
Human Trafficking
26A, 64A, or 64B
False Report or Statement
(furtherance of a criminal
activity)
A
Fraud Offenses (False Pretenses/
Swindle/Confidence Game,
Impersonation, Welfare Fraud)
26A, 26C, 26D, 26F,
26G
False Report or Statement
(lying about something; e.g.,
misrepresenting something
on a form)
B
All Other Offenses
30B or 90Z
Family Offenses, Nonviolent
B
Family Offenses, Nonviolent
90F
Family Offenses, Violent
A
Classify same as substantive
offense, e.g., Assault Offenses,
Homicide Offenses, Sex Offenses
Depends on
circumstances
04/15/2021
2021.1 NIBRS User Manual 52
Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Firearms Violations
A
Weapon Law Violations (Other
offenses may have been
committed, e.g., Aggravated
Assault, Robbery, Disorderly
Conduct)
Depends on
circumstances
Fish and Game Law Violations
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Flight to Avoid Confinement,
Custody, Giving Testimony, or
Prosecution
B
All Other Offenses
90Z or 49B
Fondling
A
Sex Offenses (Fondling)
11D or 13B
Forcible Detention
A
Human Trafficking or
Kidnapping/Abduction
64A, 64B, or 100
Forcible Entry
A or B
Burglary/Breaking and Entering
220 or 90J
Forgery
A
Counterfeiting/Forgery
250
Fornication (Consensual)
A or B
All Other Offenses
36B or 90Z
Fraud
A
Fraud Offenses or Human
Trafficking
26A–26G, 64A, or 64B
Fraud, Automated Teller
Machine (ATM)
A
Fraud Offenses (Credit Card/
Automated Teller Machine Fraud)
26B
Fraud, Contract
A
Fraud Offenses (False Pretenses/
Swindle/Confidence Game)
26A
Fraud, Credit Card
A
Fraud Offenses (Credit Card/
Automated Teller Machine Fraud)
26B
Fraud, Hacking/Computer
Invasion
A
Fraud Offenses
(Hacking/Computer Invasion
26G
Fraud, Identity Theft
A
Fraud Offenses
26F
Fraud, Mail
A
Fraud Offenses (False Pretenses/
Swindle/Confidence Game)
26A
Fraud, Procurement
A
Fraud Offenses (False Pretenses/
Swindle/Confidence Game)
26A
Fraud, Telephone
A
Fraud Offenses (Wire Fraud)
26E
Fraud, Welfare
A
Fraud Offenses (Welfare Fraud)
26D
Fraud, Wire
A
Fraud Offenses (Wire Fraud)
26E
Frequenting a House of
Prostitution
A
Prostitution Offenses (Purchasing
Prostitution) or Human Trafficking
(Commercial Sex Acts)
40C or 64A
Fugitive
A or B
All Other Offenses, Harboring
Escapee/Concealing from Arrest*,
Flight to Avoid Prosecution*, Flight
to Avoid Deportation*
90Z, 49A, 49B, or 49C
04/15/2021
2021.1 NIBRS User Manual 53
Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
– G –
Gambling
A
Gambling Offenses
39A−39D
Gambling Devices Offenses
A
Gambling Offenses (Gambling
Equipment Violations)
39C
Gambling Equipment
Offenses
A
Gambling Offenses (Gambling
Equipment Violations)
39C
Gambling Goods, Possession
of
A
Gambling Offenses (Gambling
Equipment Violations)
39C
Gambling Paraphernalia,
Possession of
A
Gambling Offenses (Gambling
Equipment Violations)
39C
Gaming Offenses
A
Gambling Offenses (Betting/
Wagering, Operating/Promoting/
Assisting Gambling, Gambling
Equipment Violations)
39A–39C
– H –
Harassment
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Harboring
A or B
All Other Offenses or Harboring
Escapee/Concealing from Arrest*
90Z or 49A
Hate Crime
A
Classify same as substantive
offense, e.g., Assault, Murder,
Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of
Property then use Data Element
8A to specify bias motivation
Depends on
circumstances
Health and Safety Laws
(Adulterated Food, Drugs, or
Cosmetics)
B
All Other Offenses (Other offenses
may have been committed, e.g.,
Homicide, Aggravated or Simple
Assault, or Fraud)
90Z
Hijacking-Air Piracy
A
Classify as substantive offense,
e.g., Kidnapping/Abduction or
Robbery
Depends on
circumstances
Hit and Run (Of a Person)
A or B
Assault Offenses (Aggravated
Assault) or Homicide Offenses
(Murder and Nonnegligent
Manslaughter), if not accidental, or
All Other Offenses, if accidental
13A, 09A, or 90Z
Homicide
A
Homicide Offenses (Murder and
Nonnegligent Manslaughter or
Negligent Manslaughter)
09A or 09B
04/15/2021
2021.1 NIBRS User Manual 54
Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Homicide, Justifiable
A
Homicide Offenses (Justifiable
Homicide)
09C
Hostage-Taking
A
Kidnapping/Abduction
100
House of Prostitution,
Frequenting a
A
Prostitution Offenses (Purchasing
Prostitution) or Human Trafficking
(Commercial Sex Acts)
40C or 64A
House of Prostitution,
Operating a
A
Prostitution Offenses (Assisting or
Promoting Prostitution) or Human
Trafficking (Commercial Sex Acts)
40B or 64A
Human Trafficking,
Commercial Sex Acts
A
Human Trafficking (Commercial
Sex Acts)
64A
Human Trafficking,
Involuntary Servitude
A
Human Trafficking (Involuntary
Servitude)
64B
– I –
Immigration Law Violations
(Illegal Alien Entry, False
Citizenship, Smuggling Alien,
etc.)
A or B
Human Trafficking, All Other
Offenses, or Immigration
Violations*
64A, 64B, 90Z, 30A,
30B, 30C, 30D
Impersonation
A
Fraud Offenses (Impersonation) or
Human Trafficking
26C, 26F, 64A, or 64B
Incendiary Device Offenses
A
Classify same as substantive
offenses committed, e.g., Arson,
Homicide, Aggravated or Simple
Assault, Weapon Law Violations, or
Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of
Property
Depends on
circumstances
Incest
A
Sex Offenses
36A
Indecent Exposure
B
Disorderly Conduct
90C
Indecent Liberties
A
Sex Offenses (Fondling)
11D
Influence Peddling
A
Bribery
510
Intimidation
A
Assault Offenses (Intimidation)
13C
Invasion of Privacy
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Involuntary Manslaughter
A
Homicide Offenses (Negligent
Manslaughter)
09B
04/15/2021
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Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
– J –
Joyriding
A
Motor Vehicle Theft
240
Jury Tampering
B
All Other Offenses (Other offenses
may have been committed, e.g.,
Bribery, Extortion/Blackmail, or
Intimidation)
90Z
Justifiable Homicide
(not a crime)
A
Homicide Offenses (Justifiable
Homicide)
09C
– K –
Kickback
A
Bribery
510
Kidnapping
A
Human Trafficking or
Kidnapping/Abduction
64A, 64B, or 100
Kidnapping, Parental
A
Kidnapping/Abduction
100
Killing
A
Homicide Offenses (Murder and
Nonnegligent Manslaughter)
09A, 09B, 09C
– L –
Larceny
A
Larceny/Theft Offenses
23A–23H
Libel, Criminal
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Liquor Law Violations
A or B
Liquor Law Violations or
Commerce Violations*
90G, 61A
Littering
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Loitering
B
Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy
Violations
90B
Looting
A
Burglary/Breaking and Entering or
Larceny/Theft Offenses, as
appropriate
Depends on
circumstances
Lottery, Unlawful
A
Gambling Offenses (Betting/
Wagering)
39A
– M –
Mail Fraud
A
Fraud Offenses (False Pretenses/
Swindle/Confidence Game)
26A
Malicious Mischief
A
Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of
Property
290
Mandatory Release Violation
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Manslaughter, Negligent
A
Homicide Offenses
09B
04/15/2021
2021.1 NIBRS User Manual 56
Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Manslaughter, Nonnegligent
A
Homicide Offenses (Murder and
Nonnegligent Manslaughter)
09A
Manslaughter, Vehicular
A or B
Homicide Offenses (Murder and
Nonnegligent Manslaughter), if
intentional, or All Other Offenses,
if not intentional
09A or 90Z
Military Law Violations
(AWOL, Desertion, etc.)
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Minor Assault
A
Assault Offenses (Simple Assault)
or Human Trafficking
13B, 64A, or 64B
Misappropriation
A
Embezzlement
270
Missing Person
−
(Not a criminal offense)
Molesting, Child
A
Sex Offenses (Fondling) or Human
Trafficking (Commercial Sex Acts)
11D or 64A
Monopoly in Restraint of
Trade
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Moonshining
A or B
Liquor Law Violations or
Commerce Violations*
90G, 61A
Motor Vehicle Theft
A
Motor Vehicle Theft
240
Murder
A
Homicide Offenses (Murder and
Nonnegligent Manslaughter)
09A
– N –
Narcotic Offenses
A
Drug/Narcotic Offenses
(Drug/Narcotic Violations)
35A
Neglect of Family
B
Family Offenses, Nonviolent
90F
Negligent Manslaughter
A
Homicide Offenses (Negligent
Manslaughter)
09B
Nonpayment of Alimony
B
Family Offenses, Nonviolent
(includes Contempt of Court for
Nonpayment of Alimony)
90F
Nonsupport
B
Family Offenses, Nonviolent
90F
Numbers
A
Gambling Offenses (Betting/
Wagering)
39A
– O –
Obscene Communication
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Obscene Language, Use of
B
Disorderly Conduct
90C
Obscene Material
A
Pornography/Obscene Material
370
04/15/2021
2021.1 NIBRS User Manual 57
Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Obscene Telephone Call
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Obstructing Criminal
Investigation
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Obstructing Justice
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Obstructing Police Officer(s)
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Operating a House of
Prostitution
A
Prostitution Offenses (Assisting or
Promoting Prostitution) or Human
Trafficking (Commercial Sex Acts)
40B or 64A
– P –
Pandering
A
Prostitution Offenses or Human
Trafficking (Commercial Sex Acts)
40B or 64A
Paraphernalia Offenses, Drug
A
Drug/Narcotic Offenses
35B
Paraphernalia Offenses,
Gambling
A
Gambling Offenses (Gambling
Equipment Violations)
39C
Parental Kidnapping
A
Kidnapping/Abduction
100
Parole Violation
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Patronizing a House of
Prostitution
A
Prostitution Offenses (Purchasing
Prostitution) or Human Trafficking
(Commercial Sex Acts)
40C or 64A
Patronizing a Prostitute
A
Prostitution Offenses (Purchasing
Prostitution) or Human Trafficking
(Commercial Sex Acts)
40C or 64A
Perjury
B
All Other Offenses (Other offenses
may have been committed, e.g.,
Bribery) or Perjury*
90Z or 90M
Perjury, Subornation of
B
All Other Offenses (Other offenses
may have been committed, e.g.,
Bribery, Extortion/Blackmail, or
Intimidation)
90Z
Pickpocket
A
Larceny/Theft Offenses (Pocket-
picking)
23A
Pimping
A
Prostitution Offenses (Assisting or
Promoting Prostitution) or Human
Trafficking (Commercial Sex Acts)
40B or 64A
Pocket-picking
A
Larceny/Theft Offenses (Pocket-
picking)
23A
Polygamy
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
04/15/2021
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Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Pornography
A
Human Trafficking (Commercial
Sex Acts) or Pornography/Obscene
Material
64A or 370
Possession of Burglary Tools
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Possession of Drug
Equipment
A
Drug/Narcotic Offenses (Drug
Equipment Violations)
35B
Possession of Gambling
Equipment
A
Gambling Offenses (Gambling
Equipment Violations)
39C
Possession of Stolen Property
A
Stolen Property Offenses
280
Privacy, Invasion of
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Probation Violation
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Procurement Fraud
A
Fraud Offenses (False Pretenses/
Swindle/Confidence Game)
26A
Procuring for Prostitution
A
Prostitution Offenses (Assisting or
Promoting Prostitution) or Human
Trafficking (Commercial Sex Acts)
40B or 64A
Profanity
B
Disorderly Conduct
90C
Prostitution
A
Prostitution Offenses (Prostitution)
or Human Trafficking (Commercial
Sex Acts)
40A or 64A
Prostitution, Soliciting for
A
Prostitution Offenses (Assisting or
Promoting Prostitution or
Purchasing Prostitution) or Human
Trafficking (Commercial Sex Acts)
40B, 40C, or 64A
Prostitution, Transporting
Persons for
A
Prostitution Offenses (Assisting or
Promoting Prostitution) or Human
Trafficking (Commercial Sex Acts)
40B or 64A
Prowler
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Public Nuisance
B
Disorderly Conduct
90C
Purse-snatching
A
Larceny/Theft Offenses (Purse-
snatching)
23B
– Q –
Quarantine, Violation of
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
– R –
Racketeering Influenced and
Corrupt Organizations (RICO)
A or B
(Report predicate offenses, e.g.,
Arson, Aggravated Assault,
Extortion/Blackmail, or Human
Trafficking)
Depends on
circumstances
04/15/2021
2021.1 NIBRS User Manual 59
Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Racketeering
A or B
(Classify same as substantive
offenses, e.g., Bribery,
Extortion/Blackmail, Human
Trafficking, or Larceny/Theft
Offenses)
Depends on
circumstances
Rape
A
Sex Offenses (Rape)
11A
Rape By Instrumentation
A
Sex Offenses (Sexual Assault With
An Object)
11C
Rape, Statutory
A
Sex Offenses (Statutory Rape)
36B
Receiving Stolen Property
A
Stolen Property Offenses
280
Reckless Endangerment
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Reckless Manslaughter (Non-
Vehicular)
A
Homicide Offenses (Negligent
Manslaughter)
09B
Reckless Operation of Aircraft
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Release Violation,
Conditional
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Release Violation, Mandatory
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Resisting Officer
A
Assault Offenses (Aggravated
Assault or Simple Assault)
13A or 13B
Restraint, Unlawful
A
Human Trafficking or Kidnapping/
Abduction
64A, 64B, or 100
Revenue Law Violations
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Riot
B
Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy
Violations (Other offenses may
have been committed, e.g., Arson
or Destruction/Damage/Vandalism
of Property)
90Z
Robbery
A
Robbery
120
Rout
B
All Other Offenses (Other offenses
may have been committed)
90Z
– S –
Sabotage
B
All Other Offenses (Other offenses
may have been committed, e.g.,
Arson or Destruction/Damage/
Vandalism of Property.)
90Z
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Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Sanitation Law Violations
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Scalping, Ticket(s)
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Sedition
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Seduction
A or B
Human Trafficking (Commercial
Sex Acts), All Other Offenses
64A, 90Z
Sex, Commercialized
A or B
Human Trafficking (Commercial
Sex Acts), Prostitution Offenses,
Pornography/Obscene Material, or
All Other Offenses
64A, 40A, 370, or 90Z
(Depends on
circumstances)
Sex Offenses
A
Sex Offenses (Rape, Sodomy,
Sexual Assault With An Object, or
Fondling)
11A–11D
Sex Offenses
A
Sex Offenses (Incest or Statutory
Rape)
36A or 36B
Sexual Assault With An
Object
A
Sex Offenses (Sexual Assault With
An Object)
11C
Shoplifting
A
Larceny/Theft Offenses
(Shoplifting)
23C
Simple Assault
A
Assault Offenses (Simple Assault)
13B
Slander, Criminal
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Smuggling, Alien
A or B
Human Trafficking, All Other
Offenses or Immigration
Violations*
64A, 64B, 90Z. 30A,
30B, 30C, 30D
Smuggling, Contraband
B
All Other Offenses (Other offenses
may have been committed, e.g.,
Drug/Narcotic Offenses)
90Z
Sodomy
A
Sex Offenses (Sodomy)
11B
Solicitation to Commit Felony
A or B
Classify as 90Z if Group A offense is
involved unless it is an integral
component of the Group A offense
such as Human Trafficking or as
Group B offense if Group B offense
is involved
64A, 64B, 90Z, or
Other (Group B)
Offense (Depends on
circumstances)
Stalking
A
Assault Offenses (Intimidation)
13C
Stolen Property—Buying,
Receiving, or Possessing
A
Stolen Property Offenses
280
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Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Stripping Motor Vehicle
A
Larceny/Theft Offenses (Theft of
Motor Vehicle Parts or
Accessories)
23G
Strong-arm Robbery
A
Robbery
120
Subornation of Perjury
B
All Other Offenses (Other offenses
may have been committed, e.g.,
Bribery, Extortion/Blackmail, or
Intimidation)
90Z
Suicide
−
(Not a criminal offense)
Suspicion
−
(Not a criminal offense)
Swindle
A
Fraud Offenses or Human
Trafficking
26A, 64A, or 64B
– T –
Tax Law Violations
A or B
All Other Offenses or Federal
Liquor Offenses*, or Federal
Tobacco Offenses*
61A, 61B, or 90Z
Telephone Call, Threatening
A
Assault Offenses (Intimidation)
13C
Telephone Fraud
A
Fraud Offenses (Wire Fraud)
26E
Terrorism
A
Classify as substantive offense,
e.g., Assault, Destruction/Damage/
Vandalism of Property, or Murder
Depends on
circumstances
Theft
A
Larceny/Theft Offenses
23A–23H
Theft From a Building
A
Larceny/Theft Offenses (Theft
From Building)
23D
Theft From a Coin-Operated
Machine or Device
A
Larceny/Theft Offenses (Theft
From Coin-Operated Machine or
Device)
23E
Theft From a Motor Vehicle
A
Larceny/Theft Offenses (Theft
From Motor Vehicle)
23F
Theft of a Motor Vehicle
A
Motor Vehicle Theft
240
Theft of Motor Vehicle Parts
or Accessories
A
Larceny/Theft Offenses (Theft of
Motor Vehicle Parts or
Accessories)
23G
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Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Theft of Vehicles or
Equipment Other than Motor
Vehicles
A
Larceny/Theft Offenses (All Other
Larceny)
23H
Threat to Commit
A or B
Classify as 90Z if Group A offense is
involved or as Group B offense if
Group B offense is involved
90Z or Other (Group
B) Offense
(Depends on
circumstances)
Threatening Behavior
A
Assault Offenses (Intimidation)
13C
Threatening Conduct
A
Assault Offenses (Intimidation)
13C
Threatening Gesture
A
Assault Offenses (Intimidation)
13C
Threatening Telephone Call
A
Assault Offenses (Intimidation)
13C
Threatening Words or
Statement
A
Assault Offenses (Intimidation)
13C
Threats
A
Assault Offenses (Intimidation)
13C
Traffic Violations
A or B
Do not report except for DUI, DWI,
Hit and Run, or Vehicular
Manslaughter
09A, 13A, 90D, or 90Z
(Depends on
circumstances)
Transmitting Wagering
Information
A
Gambling Offenses (Operating/
Promoting/Assisting Gambling)
39B
Transporting Persons for
Prostitution
A
Prostitution Offenses (Assisting or
Promoting Prostitution) or Human
Trafficking
40B, 64A, or 64B
Treason
A
Treason Offense*
101
Trespass of Personal Property
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Trespass of Real Property
B
Trespass of Real Property
90J
– U –
Unauthorized Use of a Motor
Vehicle (no lawful access)
A
Motor Vehicle Theft
240
Unauthorized Use of a Motor
Vehicle
A or B
Embezzlement (lawful access but
the entrusted vehicle is
misappropriated) or All Other
Offenses (The unlawful taking of a
vehicle for temporary use when
prior authority has been granted)
270 or 90Z
Unlawful Assembly
B
Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy
Violations
90B
Unlawful Entry
A
Burglary/Breaking and Entering
220
Unlawful Restraint
A
Human Trafficking or Kidnapping/
Abduction
64A, 64B, or 100
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Offense
Group
A or B
Corresponding NIBRS crime
category and notes:
NIBRS
Offense Code
Unlicensed Weapon
A
Weapon Law Violations
520, 521, 522, 526
Unregistered Weapon
A
Weapon Law Violations
520, 521, 522, 526
Uttering
A or B
Fraud Offenses (False Pretenses
Swindle/Confidence Game,
Impersonation, or Welfare Fraud),
or Counterfeiting/Forgery
26A, 26B, 26D, 26F, or
250
(Depends on
circumstances)
– V –
Vagabondage
B
Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy
Violations
90B
Vagrancy
B
Curfew/Loitering/Vagrancy
Violations
90B
Vandalism
A
Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of
Property
290
Vehicular Manslaughter
A or B
Murder and Nonnegligent
Manslaughter (if not accidental) or
All Other Offenses (if accidental)
09A or 90Z
Vice, Commercialized
A or B
Human Trafficking, Prostitution
Offenses (Prostitution or Assisting
or Promoting Prostitution),
Gambling Offenses, Pornography/
Obscene Material, or All Other
Offenses
64A, 40A, 40B, 370,
39A, 39B, 39C, 39D, or
90Z
Violation of Quarantine
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
Violation of Restraining Order
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
– W –
Wagering, Unlawful
A
Gambling Offenses (Betting/
Wagering)
39A
Weapon, Concealed
A
Weapon Law Violations or
Violation of National Firearm Act
of 1934*
520 or 521
Weapon, Unlicensed
A
Weapon Law Violations
520, 521, 522, 526
Weapon, Unregistered
A
Weapon Law Violations
520, 521, 522, 526
Weapon Law Violations
A
Weapon Law Violations
520, 521, 522, 526
Welfare Fraud
A
Fraud Offenses (Welfare Fraud)
26D
Wire Fraud
A
Fraud Offenses (Wire Fraud)
26E
Wiretapping, Illegal
B
All Other Offenses
90Z
*Denotes offenses for federal and tribal LEA reporting only
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3 Electronic File Submissions
In NIBRS, LEAs use three types of electronic submissions to forward data to the FBI:
• The Group A Incident Report provides all the information about Group A offenses using
up to six data segments Administrative, Offense, Property, Victim, Offender, and
Arrestee.
• The Group B Arrest Report supplies data concerning each arrestee for a Group B offense
via the arrestee segment.
• The Zero Report, which indicates no criminal activity occurred within an agency’s
jurisdiction during a given month.
Using a series of the 58 established data elements (i.e., data fields within each segment), LE can
describe the details of each component of the crime. For each data element, reporting agencies
may choose the most appropriate data value (i.e., a specific code representing one of the
acceptable entries for each data element).
3.1 Group A Incident Report
An initial Group A Incident Report contains an Administrative Segment, Offense Segment(s),
Property Segment(s) (if applicable), Victim Segment(s), and Offender Segment(s). If the
reporting agency arrests an offender by the time it submits the initial report, it may also include
one or more Arrestee Segments. If, however, the reporting agency arrests an offender for the
reported offense after submitting the initial report, the agency should submit the Arrestee
Segment(s) as an update to the initial report.
If LE arrests an offender for a Group A offense for which it did not previously submit an initial
incident report (e.g., an on-view arrest), the agency must create and submit a Group A Incident
Report that provides not only the Arrestee Segment but also the Administrative, Offense,
Property (if applicable), Victim, and Offender Segments. In other words, an agency cannot
submit an Arrestee Segment for a Group A offense without the other segment information.
Note: Sometimes courts apply for warrants without notifying LEAs of the details of the crime
(e.g., bench warrant and warrant of arrest situations). As often as possible, LEAs should obtain
the information regarding such crimes and report it in Group A Incident Reports or Group B
Arrest Reports, depending on whether the crimes are Group A or Group B offenses.
An explanation of the purpose of each of the six Group A Incident Report segments follows:
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Administrative Segment
This segment contains administrative data that applies to the entire incident report (e.g., the
identifying number assigned to the incident and the date and hour the incident occurred). The
reporting agency should submit a single Administrative Segment for each reported incident.
Note: NIBRS Data Element 1 (ORI Number) and Data Element 2 (Incident Number) link the
Administrative Segment to the Offense, Property, Victim, Offender, and Arrestee Segments in
each incident.
Offense Segment
The Offense Segment identifies and describes the types of offenses involved in the incident
(e.g., 200 = Arson, 40A = Prostitution). The reporting agency should submit an Offense Segment
for each of the (up to) ten most serious (as determined by the agency) Group A offenses in the
incident. Even though there may have been more than one victim of a particular crime, the
reporting agency should submit only one Offense Segment for each reported UCR Offense
Code. Each Group A Incident Report must contain at least one Offense Segment.
For example, in the same incident, an offender assaulted two people by threatening them with
a handgun. The reporting agency should submit only one Offense Segment with
13A = Aggravated Assault entered into Data Element 6 (UCR Offense Code). In addition, the
agency should submit two Victim Segments and enter 13A = Aggravated Assault into Data
Element 24 (Victim Connected to UCR Offense Code), to link the two victims to this Offense
Segment.
Property Segment
The Property Segment describes the type, value, and, in cases of drug seizures, quantity of
property involved in the incident. Agencies should report Property Segment(s) only when an
incident involves a Crime Against Property offense, a Kidnapping/Abduction offense, Drug
Narcotic Offenses, or Gambling Offenses. The reporting agency should submit a separate
Property Segment for each type of property loss/etc. (e.g., burned; counterfeited/forged;
destroyed/damaged/vandalized; recovered; seized; and/or stolen/etc. occurring in the
incident). Furthermore, the agency may report up to ten types of property (e.g., aircraft,
alcohol, and automobiles) for each type of property loss/etc.
Victim Segment
The Victim Segment provides information about each of the victims involved in the incident
(e.g., his/her age, sex, race, and ethnicity). The reporting agency should submit a separate
Victim Segment for each of the (up to 999) victims involved in the incident. At least one Victim
Segment must be in each Incident Report.
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Offender Segment
The Offender Segment captures data about each of the offenders in the incident (e.g., his/her
age, sex, race, and ethnicity). The reporting agency should submit a separate Offender Segment
for each of the (up to 99) offenders involved in the incident. If the reporting agency knows
nothing about the offenders—i.e., no one saw the offenders, there were no suspects, and the
number of offenders is unknown—then the agency should enter 00 = Unknown as the data
value for Data Element 36 (Offender Sequence Number), and leave Data Elements 37 through
39A blank. There must be at least one Offender Segment in each incident report.
Arrestee Segment
The Arrestee Segment is used to report the apprehension of the person(s) arrested for
committing the crime(s) reported in the Group A Incident Report, the offense for which he or
she was arrested, and the arrestee data (e.g., his/her age, sex, race, and ethnicity). The
reporting agency should submit an Arrestee Segment for each of the (up to 99) arrestees who
were involved in the incident. However, if there were no arrestees, the agency should not
submit this segment.
3.2 Group B Arrest Report
The Group B Arrest Report describes only the circumstances of the arrest, the Group B arrest
offense, and the arrestee data (e.g., his/her age, sex, race, and ethnicity). This report does not
include incident data since agencies report only arrests for Group B offenses. Reporting
agencies should submit a separate Group B Arrest Report for each arrestee.
If an arrest for a Group B offense results in the clearance of a previously submitted Group A
Incident Report, the reporting agency should submit an Arrestee Segment as an update to the
previously submitted Group A Incident Report. The agency should enter the appropriate
Group B offense code as the data value for Data Element 45 (UCR Arrest Offense Code) of the
Arrestee Segment of the Group A Incident Report.
For example, on August 1, 2018, an LEA arrested a man for DUI, a Group B offense. The
arresting agency determined he was also wanted for a previously reported robbery, a Group A
offense, which occurred on March 23, 2018. Instead of submitting a Group B Arrest Report, the
reporting agency should submit an Arrestee Segment as an update to the previous Group A
Incident Report with 90D = Driving Under the Influence as the data value for Data Element 45.
3.3 Zero Report
On occasion, a small reporting agency may have no crime, arrests, or recovered property to
report for a given month. In such instances, reporting agencies should use the Zero Report. This
assists the FBI to compute valid statistics because it establishes no crime occurred in the
jurisdiction rather than the LEA reported no crime information. If an agency submits a Zero
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Report for a given month and subsequently enters a Group A Incident Report, a Group B Arrest
Report, or an Arrestee Segment for the month, the submission will override the Zero Report.
3.4 Report Modifications
Clearing Incidents in NIBRS
In NIBRS, LEAs clear incidents rather than individual offenses. This means a clearance by arrest
or exceptional means of one offense in a multiple-offense incident clears the entire incident.
Therefore, the first Arrestee Segment reported in connection with an incident automatically
clears the incident. However, an agency cannot clear an incident by exceptional means if it was
already cleared by arrest (i.e., the agency previously submitted an Arrestee Segment).
Updating Incidents in NIBRS
Once LEAs submit incidents to the FBI UCR Program, circumstances may arise that warrant
updating their original submissions. The flexibility of NIBRS provides for updating reports by
adding, modifying, and deleting data. The FBI UCR Program’s updating policy states, an agency
should update a report only if the change would substantially alter the report’s statistical
significance. More specifically, if a subsequent event materially affects the report, or if the LEA
made a serious error when it submitted the original report, the LEA will need to update the
report. Anytime an agency updates a report, the agency should resubmit the report so the data
are the same at all levels—federal, state, county, city, university and college, and tribal.
Examples of circumstances requiring an update include the discovery of an additional
unreported offense, victim, and/or offender; a subsequent arrest or exceptional clearance;
discovery of a significant amount of unreported property loss; the recovery of stolen property;
or the incorrect entry of important data, such as the offense code, the victim’s or arrestee’s sex
or race, etc.
Examples of circumstances not requiring an update include the agency learning the exact age of
the offender (e.g., 22) after reporting an age range (e.g., 20-25); the agency learning the true
value of stolen property (e.g., $958) after reporting the approximate cost (e.g., $1,000); or the
agency learning, besides suffering a severe laceration previously reported, the victim also
suffered internal injury.
An agency participating in NIBRS may, of course, update more data than is required by the FBI
UCR Program’s policy. If a reporting state UCR Program (or a direct agency participant) updates
a record in its RMS, it should also submit the updated record for the national file.
LEAs can find additional information about adding, deleting, and modifying information in
NIBRS in the NIBRS Technical Specification, NIBRS Extensible Markup Language (XML)
Developer’s Guide, or the NIBRS Information Exchange Package Documentation (IEPD).
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Note: The NIBRS Technical Specification, NIBRS XML Developer’s Guide, and the NIBRS IEPD are
companion documents to the NIBRS User Manual. These documents define the requirements
sets (data elements) used to submit data for NIBRS. The NIBRS User Manual is the technical
communication document designed to assist the users of NIBRS.
4 Data Elements and Data Values
LEAs use data elements and data values to report data to the FBI UCR Program via NIBRS.
Additional information about reporting requirements and specifications for submitting data to
NIBRS is in the NIBRS Technical Specification and NIBRS XML Developer’s Guide.
4.1 Definition of Data Element
A data element is the smallest named item of data that conveys meaningful information or
condenses a lengthy description into a short code. LE should use a series of the 58 established
data elements (i.e., data fields) within each segment of the Group A Incident Report and in the
Group B Arrest Report to describe the details of each component of crime.
4.2 Mandatory Versus Optional Data Elements
LEAs must report some data elements that are required in order to have a complete/valid data
submission, i.e., they are mandatory. Other data elements are conditional based on the data
values submitted for the other data elements. Other data elements are optional and can be
reported to the FBI at the discretion of the agency.
4.3 Definition of Data Values
A data value is a characteristic of an object (such as the sex of a person) or a parameter of a
data element (such as 2015 – Current Year). For each data element, reporting agencies should
choose the most appropriate data value(s) (i.e., specific characteristics or types of the reported
data that have assigned codes). Although some data values require a specific format, most are
codes from an approved list, each followed by an equal sign (=) and the actual value. For
example, for Data Element 3 (Incident Date), the specific format for the data value is
YYYYMMDDHH. For Data Element 27 (Sex of Victim), agencies may enter one of the codes M =
Male, F = Female, or U = Unknown to describe the gender of the victim; but for Data Element
48 (Sex of Arrestee), agencies may enter only M = Male or F = Female to describe the sex of the
arrestee.
If more than one of the data values associated with a data element could apply to the situation,
agencies should use the most specific one. For example, in Data Element 9 (Location Type), a
7-Eleven store could be described as 05 = Commercial/Office Building, 07 = Convenience Store,
or 12 = Grocery/Supermarket. Because 07 = Convenience Store is the most specific description,
reporting agencies should use this code.
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In some instances, data elements allow for the entry of more than one data value. For example,
Data Element 12 (Type Criminal Activity/Gang Information) allows LEAs to report up to three
types of activity for each offense. If, in a drug case, the offenders grew marijuana and
distributed it by having children sell it at school, the data values of C = Cultivating/
Manufacturing/Publishing, D = Distributing/Selling, and E = Exploiting Children should be
entered.
4.4 Clarification of Specific Data Elements and Data Values
The information in this section provides general explanations of data elements and relates
more to the functional aspect of the UCR Program rather than the technical entry
requirements. LEAs will find the technical aspects for each data element (format, related edits,
and valid data values) in the NIBRS Technical Specification.
Data Element 1 (ORI)
An ORI [Originating Agency Identifier] is a unique nine-character identifier the NCIC has
assigned to each LEA in coordination with the CJIS Systems Officer (CSO). The UCR Program uses
this identifier to indicate the contributing agency. Data Element 1 is mandatory in each NIBRS
submission.
Data Element 1A (Federal Judicial Districts [JD]) (For Federal Submissions Only)
A Federal Judicial District is a defined legal district that denotes a territory for which a federal
court has jurisdiction. The JD describes what court will hear a federal case. There are currently
95 federal judicial districts across the United States and its territories. This data element in
NIBRS describes where the crime(s) took place by designating what JD the incident occurred. In
NIBRS federal agencies can reflect the incident location as the JD code to give a better
geographical location of the incident.
This data element is mandatory for federal submitters.
Valid Data Values
Federal Judicial District
NIBRS Code
NIBRS XML Literal Value
Alabama, Middle District
002
ALABAMA_MIDDLE
Alabama, Northern District
001
ALABAMA_NORTHERN
Alabama, Southern District
003
ALABAMA_SOUTHERN
Alaska
006
ALASKA
Arizona
008
ARIZONA
Arkansas, Eastern District
009
ARKANSAS_EASTERN
Arkansas, Western District
010
ARKANSAS_WESTERN
California, Central District
012
CALIFORNIA_CENTRAL
California, Eastern District
097
CALIFORNIA_EASTERN
California, Northern District
011
CALIFORNIA_NORTHERN
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Federal Judicial District
NIBRS Code
NIBRS XML Literal Value
California, Southern District
098
CALIFORNIA_SOUTHERN
Colorado
013
COLORADO
Connecticut
014
CONNECTICUT
Delaware
015
DELAWARE
District of Columbia
016
WASHINGTON DC
Florida, Middle District
018
FLORIDA_MIDDLE
Florida, Northern District
017
FLORIDA_NORTHERN
Florida, Southern District
004
FLORIDA_SOUTHERN
Georgia, Middle District
020
GEORGIA_MIDDLE
Georgia, Northern District
019
GEORGIA_NORTHERN
Georgia, Southern District
021
GEORGIA_SOUTHERN
Guam
093
GUAM
Hawaii
022
HAWAII
Idaho
023
IDAHO
Illinois, Central District
026
ILLINOIS_CENTRAL
Illinois, Northern District
024
ILLINOIS_NORTHERN
Illinois, Southern District
025
ILLINOIS_SOUTHERN
Indiana, Northern District
027
INDIANA_NORTHERN
Indiana, Southern District
028
INDIANA_SOUTHERN
Iowa, Northern District
029
IOWA_NORTHERN
Iowa, Southern District
030
IOWA_SOUTHERN
Kansas
031
KANSAS
Kentucky, Eastern District
032
KENTUCKY_EASTERN
Kentucky, Western District
033
KENTUCKY_WESTERN
Louisiana, Eastern District
034
LOUISIANA_EASTERN
Louisiana, Middle District
095
LOUISIANA_MIDDLE
Louisiana, Western District
035
LOUISIANA_WESTERN
Maine
036
MAINE
Maryland
037
MARYLAND
Massachusetts
038
MASSACHUSETTS
Michigan, Eastern District
039
MICHIGAN_EASTERN
Michigan, Western District
040
MICHIGAN_WESTERN
Minnesota
041
MINNESOTA
Mississippi, Northern District
042
MISSISSIPPI_NORTHERN
Mississippi, Southern District
043
MISSISSIPPI_SOUTHERN
Missouri, Eastern District
044
MISSOURI_EASTERN
Missouri, Western District
045
MISSOURI_WESTERN
Montana
046
MONTANA
Nebraska
047
NEBRASKA
Nevada
048
NEVADA
New Hampshire
049
NEW HAMPSHIRE
New Jersey
050
NEW JERSEY
New Mexico
051
NEW MEXICO
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Federal Judicial District
NIBRS Code
NIBRS XML Literal Value
New York, Eastern District
053
NEW YORK_EASTERN
New York, Northern District
052
NEW YORK_NORTHERN
New York, Southern District
054
NEW YORK_SOUTHERN
New York, Western District
055
NEW YORK_WESTERN
North Carolina, Eastern District
056
NORTH CAROLINA_EASTERN
North Carolina, Middle District
057
NORTH CAROLINA_MIDDLE
North Carolina, Western District
058
NORTH CAROLINA_WESTERN
North Dakota
059
NORTH DAKOTA
Northern Mariana Islands
005
MARIANA ISLANDS_NORTHERN
Ohio, Northern District
060
OHIO_NORTHERN
Ohio, Southern District
061
OHIO_SOUTHERN
Oklahoma, Eastern District
063
OKLAHOMA_EASTERN
Oklahoma, Northern District
062
OKLAHOMA_NORTHERN
Oklahoma, Western District
064
OKLAHOMA_WESTERN
Oregon
065
OREGON
Pennsylvania, Eastern District
066
PENNSYLVANIA_EASTERN
Pennsylvania, Middle District
067
PENNSYLVANIA_MIDDLE
Pennsylvania, Western District
068
PENNSYLVANIA_WESTERN
Puerto Rico
069
PUERTO RICO
Rhode Island
070
RHODE ISLAND
South Carolina
071
SOUTH CAROLINA
South Dakota
073
SOUTH DAKOTA
Tennessee, Eastern
074
TENNESSEE_EASTERN
Tennessee, Middle
075
TENNESSEE_MIDDLE
Tennessee, Western
076
TENNESSEE_WESTERN
Texas, Eastern
078
TEXAS_EASTERN
Texas, Northern
077
TEXAS_NORTHERN
Texas, Southern
079
TEXAS_SOUTHERN
Texas, Western
080
TEXAS_WESTERN
Utah
081
UTAH
Vermont
082
VERMONT
Virgin Islands
094
VIRGIN ISLANDS
Virginia, Eastern
083
VIRGINIA_EASTERN
Virginia, Western
084
VIRGINIA_WESTERN
Washington, Eastern
085
WASHINGTON_EASTERN
Washington, Western
086
WASHINGTON_WESTERN
West Virginia, Northern
087
WEST VIRGINIA_NORTHERN
West Virginia, Southern
088
WEST VIRGINIA_SOUTHERN
Wisconsin, Eastern
089
WISCONSIN_EASTERN
Wisconsin, Western
090
WISCONSIN_WESTERN
Wyoming
091
WYOMING
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Data Element 2 (Incident Number)
An incident number is the number assigned by the reporting agency to each Group A Incident
Report to uniquely identify the incident (e.g., the LEA’s case number). Data Element 2 is
mandatory in each NIBRS submission.
If data from a Group A Incident Report are furnished to outside entities for research purposes,
the FBI will encrypt the incident numbers prior to their dissemination to ensure the recipient
cannot identify the actual case. Agencies may also encrypt their incident numbers before
sending them to the FBI.
Data Element 2A (Cargo Theft)
Data Element 2A indicates whether the incident involved a cargo theft. The FBI UCR Program
has defined Cargo Theft as “the criminal taking of any cargo including, but not limited to, goods,
chattels, money, or baggage that constitutes, in whole or in part, a commercial shipment of
freight moving in commerce, from any pipeline system, railroad car, motor truck, or other
vehicle, or from any tank or storage facility, station house, platform, or depot, or from any
vessel or wharf, or from any aircraft, air terminal, airport, aircraft terminal or air freight station,
warehouse, freight distribution facility, or freight consolidation facility. For purposes of this
definition, cargo shall be deemed as moving in commerce at all points between the point of
origin and the final destination, regardless of any temporary stop while awaiting transshipment
or otherwise.”
Two key phrases in the classification of cargo theft are “commercial shipment” and “in the
supply chain.” For LEAs to classify an incident as a cargo theft, the items must be part of a
commercial shipment and must be in the supply chain (i.e., moving in commerce).
LEAs should consider thefts of goods being delivered to a business from United Parcel Service
(UPS), Federal Express (FedEx), the U.S. Postal Service, etc., to be cargo until the items arrive at
the business, or final distribution point. Once the business receives the items (i.e., personnel at
the company sign for the goods), the goods are no longer considered cargo because they are
outside of the supply chain. Therefore, LEAs should not consider deliveries from UPS, FedEx, to
individuals or other businesses (e.g., flowers, pizza, electronics, appliances, etc.) to be cargo
because they are outside of the supply chain.
Cargo theft-related offenses are:
120 = Robbery
210 = Extortion/Blackmail
220 = Burglary/Breaking and Entering
23D = Theft From Building
23F = Theft From Motor Vehicle
23H = All Other Larceny
240 = Motor Vehicle Theft
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26A = False Pretenses/Swindle/Confidence Game
26B = Credit Card/Automated Teller Machine Fraud
26C = Impersonation
26E = Wire Fraud
26F = Identity Theft
26G = Hacking/Computer Invasion
270 = Embezzlement
510 = Bribery
Valid Data Values
Y = Yes
N = No
(Blank) = Not a Cargo Theft offense
Example 1
Four men wearing ski masks conducted armed robbery at a trucking facility (UCR Offense Code
120 Robbery). Two of the men held the guards at gunpoint while the other two men jumped
into an idling truck nearby and drove off with the cargo.
Example 2
Five suspects entered a slow-moving freight train, which was transporting cargo from the
freight yard to numerous destinations. The suspects used various tools to break into the
shipping containers. The merchandise was then thrown off the train and accomplices on the
ground gathered the stolen merchandise (UCR Code 220 Burglary/Breaking & Entering).
Example 3
A subject used a stolen commercial driver’s license with like characteristics to enter a trucking
company (UCR Code 26F = Identity Theft). After gaining access to the building, the suspect
drove away with the vehicle and the cargo within the trailer (UCR Offense Code 220
Burglary/Breaking and Entering).
Example 4
An unknown subject hacked into a shipping company’s computer system (UCR Offense Code
26G Hacking/Computer Invasion) and redirected the shipment to an alternate location. The
cargo was unlawfully seized, by a group of unknown subjects, from the back of a box truck, on
the docks of the alternate location across town (UCR Offense Code 23F Theft from Motor
Vehicle).
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Data Element 3 (Incident Date)
LEAs should use Data Element 3 (Incident Date) to enter the year, month, and day (YYYYMMDD)
when the incident occurred or the beginning of the time period in which it occurred, as
appropriate. This data element also includes the report date indicator (R = Report Date) and the
hour of the incident (00-23). LEAs should use the report date indicator to designate whether
the date entered is the Report Date rather than the Incident Date. This data element is
mandatory in each NIBRS submission.
If the incident occurred on or between midnight and 0059, 00 should be entered; if on or
between 0100 and 0159, 01 should be entered; if on or between 2300 and 2359, 23 should be
entered; etc. If the incident occurred at exactly midnight, LEAs should consider it occurred at
the beginning of the next day, as if the crime occurred at 1 minute past midnight. Therefore,
LEAs would enter 00 for the hour, along with the next day’s date.
Example 1
If a Robbery occurred at 9:30 p.m. on July 2, 2018, the entry should be 20180702 21.
Example 2
If a Kidnapping started at 11:30 p.m. on November 1, 2018, and ended on November 16, 2018,
the entry should be 20181101 23.
Example 3
If an incident occurred at midnight on December 31, 2017, and January 1, 2018, the entry
should be 20180101 00.
Example 4
If the date and hour of the incident are unknown but the date of the report was
March 15, 2018, the entry should be 20150318R with the R = Report Date entered after the
Report Date.
Data Element 4 (Cleared Exceptionally)
Data Element 4 (Cleared Exceptionally) indicates whether the LEA cleared the incident by
exceptional means. In a multiple-offense incident, the exceptional clearance of one offense
clears the entire incident.
LEAs must not confuse exceptionally clearing an incident with administratively closing an
investigation, and LEAs cannot clear an incident exceptionally if it was previously or is
concurrently cleared by arrest (i.e., if an Arrestee Segment (Level 6) was/is submitted).
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Valid Data Values
A = Death of Offender
B = Prosecution Declined (by the prosecutor for other than lack of probable cause)
C = In Custody of Other Jurisdiction (includes extradition denied)
D = Victim Refused to Cooperate (in the prosecution)
E = Juvenile/No Custody (the handling of a juvenile without taking him/her into custody, but
rather by oral or written notice given to the parents or legal guardian in a case involving a
minor offense, such as petty larceny)
N = Not Applicable (not cleared exceptionally)
C = In Custody of Other Jurisdiction
Beginning January 1, 2011, agencies began using data value C = In Custody of Other Jurisdiction
for cases in which extraditions are formally denied or in circumstances where an offender
committed offenses in two jurisdictions and was arrested in one of the jurisdictions. The LEA in
the jurisdiction not reporting the arrest should report this data value when they become aware
of the arrest.
N = Not Applicable
If an incident was not cleared by either an arrest or exceptional means by the time an initial
Group A Incident Report is submitted regarding it, then the agency should enter N = Not
Applicable.
If, after a Group A Incident Report was submitted, an offender was arrested, the agency should
update the previously submitted report with an Arrestee Segment. Submitting an Arrestee
Segment will automatically clear the incident. This data element should still contain
N = Not Applicable.
To clear an offense by exceptional means, LEAs must meet ALL four of the following conditions:
1. The LEA investigation must have clearly and definitely established the identity of at least
one offender.
2. The LEA must have sufficient probable cause to support arresting, charging, and prosecuting
the offender.
3. The LEA must know the exact location of the offender so they could make an arrest if
circumstances did not prevent it.
4. There must be a reason outside the control of the LEA preventing the arrest, charging, and
turning over for prosecution.
(i.e., A through E).
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Example
A kidnapper, who was holding a hostage, killed himself when the building in which he
barricaded himself was surrounded by the police. The Kidnapping should be reported and
cleared exceptionally by A = Death of Offender.
Data Element 5 (Exceptional Clearance Date)
LEAs use Data Element 5 (Exceptional Clearance Date) to enter the date the incident is cleared
by exceptional means (YYYYMMDD) when data values other than N = Not Applicable are
entered in Data Element 4 (Cleared Exceptionally).
Exceptional Clearance Offense Code
Exceptional Clearance Offense Code is a supplementary data element used to enter the original
incident’s offense(s) to enable identification of the offense(s) the LEA is exceptionally clearing.
LEAs use this data element only when Data Element 4 indicates they are clearing the incident
exceptionally.
Data Element 6 (UCR Offense Code)
Data Element 6 (UCR Offense Code) is used to enter the data values of the ten most serious
Group A offenses occurring in the incident (as determined by the reporting agency). A minimum
of one Offense Segment must be included in a Group A Incident. In addition, LEAs should
submit only one offense for each reported UCR Offense Code even though there may have
been more than one victim of the crime. LEAs can find a complete listing of Group A offenses in
Section 2.3, Group A and Group B Offense Listing.
LEAs must report each offense if it is a separate, distinct crime, rather than just a part of
another offense. For example, because every robbery includes an element of assault, agencies
should report only the offense of Robbery. If during a Robbery, however, the offender forces
the victim to engage in sexual relations, then the LEA should report both Robbery and Rape
because forced sexual intercourse is not an element of robbery.
Note: The robbery/assault example above contains “lesser included” offenses. Mutually
exclusive offenses are offenses that cannot occur to the same victim according to UCR
definitions. Lesser included offenses are offenses where one offense is an element of another
offense and cannot be reported as having happened to the victim along with the other offense.
(For more information about mutually exclusive/lesser included offenses, refer to the NIBRS
Technical Specification, Data Element 24 [Victim Connected to UCR Offense Code]).
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Data Element 7 (Offense Attempted/Completed)
LEAs should use Data Element 7 (Offense Attempted/Completed) to indicate whether each
offense in the incident was attempted or completed. When an offense occurs more than once
within an incident and one of the instances was completed, then LEAs should consider all of the
instances of the offense completed.
Note: Attempted Murder should be reported as Aggravated Assault, and all Assault offenses
should be coded as C = Completed.
Valid Data Values
A = Attempted
C = Completed
Data Element 8 (Offender Suspected of Using)
LEAs should use Data Element 8 (Offender Suspected of Using) to indicate whether any of the
offenders in the incident were suspected of consuming alcohol or using drugs/narcotics during
or shortly before the incident, or using computer equipment to perpetrate the crime. LEAs can
enter up to three types of activity per offense type in Data Element 8.
Valid Data Values
A = Alcohol
C = Computer Equipment (Handheld Devices)
D = Drugs/Narcotics
N = Not Applicable (Mutually Exclusive)
Example
A driver swerved out of her lane into oncoming traffic, striking another vehicle. A passing
motorist stopped and called 911. The responding officer asked the driver at fault why she
swerved into the other lane; she had no recollection of why she swerved into oncoming traffic.
One of the passengers in the other vehicle passed away at the scene due to the injuries
sustained during the crash. The officer observed the driver at fault, talking and texting on her
cell phone at the scene. He asked the driver if she had a hands-free device and the driver
responded “no” to this question.
The officer obtained the phone records of the driver and found a series of texts were sent and
received immediately prior to the accident. The driver was arrested for negligent manslaughter
due to driving distracted while using a cell/smartphone. In Data Element 8 (Offender Suspected
of Using), data value C = Computer Equipment (Handheld Devices) should be scored.
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Example
A police officer is stationed on the highway in a location known for speeding. He measures a
vehicle traveling 12 mph an hour over the posted limit and attempts to pull the vehicle over.
The vehicle attempts to evade the officer, increasing its speed and passing other vehicles on the
left and right, including driving on the shoulder of the road. During the pursuit, several vehicles
attempting to enter the highway were required to pull off onto the shoulder to avoid striking
the evading vehicle. During the pursuit, the vehicle exceeds 100 mph, which is 30 miles over
the speed limit. The pursuit ended in a crash with another vehicle killing the driver in that
vehicle. The crash is assessed to be the fault of the evading vehicle. The evading driver was
injured but survived and was subsequently charged with Negligent Manslaughter as a result of
reckless driving. The data value reported in Data Element 8 (Offender Suspected of Using),
should be N = Not Applicable (Mutually Exclusive).
Data Element 8A (Bias Motivation)
Data Element 8A (Bias Motivation) is used to indicate whether an offense was motivated by the
offender’s bias and, if so, what type of bias. LEAs can enter up to five bias motivations per
offense type.
Because of the difficulty of ascertaining the offender’s subjective motivation, LEAs should
report a bias motivation only if investigation reveals sufficient objective facts to lead a
reasonable and prudent person to conclude the offender’s actions were motivated, in whole or
in part, by bias against race/ethnicity/ancestry, religion, disability, gender, gender identity, or
sexual orientation.
Unless the bias for a hate crime falls into one of the FBI UCR Program’s bias categories, an
agency should report zero hate crime data. LEAs should report zero hate crime data as data
value 88 = None. In NIBRS, incidents not involving any facts indicating bias motivation on the
part of the offender are to be reported as 88 = None, whereas incidents involving ambiguous
facts (some facts are present but are not conclusive) should be reported as data value
99 = Unknown. When an offense is initially classified as bias motivation 99 = Unknown and
subsequent investigation reveals the crime was motivated by bias or no bias was found, the
agency must update its original submission.
Valid Data Values
Bias Categories
Race / Ethnicity / Ancestry
11 = Anti-White
12 = Anti-Black or African American
13 = Anti-American Indian or Alaska Native
14 = Anti-Asian
15 = Anti-Multiple Races, Group
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16 = Anti-Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
31 = Anti-Arab
32 = Anti-Hispanic or Latino
33 = Anti-Other Race/Ethnicity/Ancestry
Religion
21 = Anti-Jewish
22 = Anti-Catholic
23 = Anti-Protestant
24 = Anti-Islamic (Muslim)
25 = Anti-Other Religion
26 = Anti-Multiple Religions, Group
27 = Anti-Atheism/Agnosticism
28 = Anti-Mormon
29 = Anti-Jehovah’s Witness
81 = Anti-Eastern Orthodox (Greek, Russian, etc.)
82 = Anti-Other Christian
83 = Anti-Buddhist
84 = Anti-Hindu
85 = Anti-Sikh
Sexual Orientation
41 = Anti-Gay (Male)
42 = Anti-Lesbian (Female)
43 = Anti-Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgender (Mixed Group)
44 = Anti-Heterosexual
45 = Anti-Bisexual
Disability
51 = Anti-Physical Disability
52 = Anti-Mental Disability
Gender
61 = Anti-Male
62 = Anti-Female
Gender Identity
71 = Anti-Transgender
72 = Anti-Gender Non-Conforming
None/Unknown
88 = None (no bias)
99 = Unknown (offender's motivation not known)
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Example 1
While driving through a predominantly white neighborhood, a black male stopped his car to
repair a flat tire. A group of white males leaving a bar across the street accosted the driver and
then attacked him with bottles and clubs. During the attack, the offenders called the victim by a
well-known and recognized epithet used against blacks and told him blacks were not welcome
in the neighborhood.
Offense - Aggravated Assault. This incident should be reported with an Anti-Black or African
American Race/Ethnicity/Ancestry bias because the victim and offenders were of different
races; the offenders used a racial epithet; and the facts reveal no other reason for the attack
than the stated one: the offenders’ desire to keep blacks out of the neighborhood.
Example 2
A group home for persons with psychiatric disabilities who were in transition back into the
community was the site of a reported arson. Investigation revealed that neighbors had
expressed many concerns about the group home in town meetings and were angry that the
house was located in their community. Shortly before the fire was reported, a witness heard a
man state, “I’ll get rid of those ‘crazies,’ I’ll burn them out.” Twelve persons, including patients
and staff, suffered second- and third-degree burns resulting from the Arson.
Offenses - Aggravated Assault (12 victims) and Arson (1 Arson). An Anti-Mental Disability bias
should be reported with this incident since the suspect apparently committed the crime due to
his bias against persons with psychiatric disabilities.
Example 3
A juvenile male snatched a Jewish woman’s purse, and in doing so, knocked her down and
called her by a well-known and recognized epithet used against Jews. The offender’s identity is
not known. Although the offender used an epithet for Jews, it is not known whether he belongs
to another religious group or whether his motive was anything more than Robbery.
Offense - Robbery. Because the facts are ambiguous, agencies should not report this incident as
bias-motivated unless the investigation positively concludes that the offender’s bias was a
contributing factor in the crime. The offense should be reported as 99 = Unknown. Should an
offender be arrested, subsequent investigation would determine whether or not the offense
was bias motivated. The offense should then be reported as either 88 = None or the code for
the appropriate bias motivation.
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Example 4
Overnight, unknown person(s) broke into a synagogue and destroyed several priceless religious
objects. The perpetrators painted a large red swastika on the door and wrote “Death to Jews”
on a wall. Although other valuable items were present, none were stolen.
Offenses - Burglary and Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of Property. This incident should be
reported with an Anti-Jewish religious bias because the offender(s) destroyed priceless religious
objects and left anti-Semitic words and graffiti behind, and theft did not appear to be the
motive for the burglary.
Example 5
In a parking lot next to a bar, a 29-year-old Japanese-American male was attacked by a 51-year
old white male wielding a tire iron. The victim suffered severe lacerations and a broken arm.
Investigation revealed that the offender and victim had previously exchanged racial insults in
the bar. The offender initiated the exchange by calling the victim by a well-known epithet used
against the Japanese and complained that the Japanese were taking jobs away from Americans.
Offense - Aggravated Assault. An Anti-Asian Race/Ethnicity/Ancestry bias should be reported
with this incident based on the difference in race of the victim and offender, the exchange of
racial insults, and the absence of other reasons for the attack.
Example 6
Someone threw a rock breaking a window in a Syrian-owned convenience store. The store had
signs written in Arabic displayed in the window and outside the store. The rock, which had a
disparaging message about the owner’s Arab ancestry, struck the owner in the head, which
caused a gash requiring medical attention.
Offenses - Aggravated assault and Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of Property. This incident
should be reported with an Anti-Arab Race/Ethnicity/Ancestry Bias since the evidence indicates
the victim was targeted due to his ancestral descent.
Example 7
A street gang assaulted three Hindu men while shouting a well-known Hindu epithet. The gang
beat them so severely each suffered a coma.
Offense - Aggravated Assault (3 victims). This incident should be reported with an Anti-Hindu
Religious Bias because the evidence indicates the victims were targeted due to their religious
affiliation.
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Example 8
An assailant ran by a Sikh pedestrian, shoved him to the ground, forcibly pulled his Dastaar
(Sikh turban) and said, “Take that thing off your head–we don’t want your kind in the
neighborhood!” In the process of the attack, the victim suffered a concussion. When a law
enforcement responded to the scene, a witness to the attack recognized the offender as a clerk
at a local convenience store near a predominantly Sikh community.
Offense - Aggravated Assault. This incident should be reported with an Anti-Sikh Religious Bias
because the evidence indicates the victim was targeted due to his Dastaar and the assailant’s
ongoing dealings with the Sikh community. Data Element 9 (Location Type).
Data Element 9 (Location Type)
LEAs should use Data Element 9 (Location Type) to report the type of location/premises where
each offense in an incident took place.
The FBI UCR Program recognizes that for many incidents, there is more than one possible
choice for reporting a location. Therefore, LE personnel should use their best judgment in
reporting the most specific location type after investigating the crime and considering the
circumstances surrounding the location and the offender’s intent during the commission of the
crime.
Because the geographic location of an incident is not always the same as the functional location
of the incident, the FBI UCR Program relies on LEAs to report the most appropriate location
type. For example, if an offense occurs at an elementary school playground during school
hours, the location can be classified as 53 = School – Elementary/Secondary. But, if the offense
occurred at the same physical location on a Saturday afternoon when the school is not
operating and the public are allowed to use the facility for recreational purposes, LEAs would
be equally correct in classifying the location as 50 = Park/Playground.
Sometimes, LEAs can determine the location by the offender’s intent during the commission of
the crime. For example, if the offender chose to commit a robbery during a church service held
at a public facility routinely used for basketball games, LEAs can choose to classify the location
as 04 = Church/Synagogue/Temple/Mosque since the building was being used for a public
religious activity at the time the crime was committed.
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Valid Data Value
Data Value Includes
01 = Air/Bus/Train Terminal
airports; bus, boat, ferry, or train stations
and terminals
02 = Bank/Savings and Loan
financial institutions, whether in a separate
building or inside of another store
Note: This data value does not include
payday-lender type businesses (See Data
Value 24).
03 = Bar/Nightclub
establishments primarily for entertainment,
dancing, and the consumption of beverages
04 = Church/Synagogue/Temple/Mosque
buildings for public religious activities,
meetings, or worship
05 = Commercial/Office Building
establishments that pertain to commerce
and trade
06 = Construction Site
all buildings/locations that are under some
type of construction
07 = Convenience Store
establishments primarily for convenience
shopping, e.g., stores that include the sale
of other items as well as gasoline
08 = Department/Discount Store
establishments that are considered
department stores and that sell a wide
range of goods, etc.
Note: LEAs should use the data value that
best describes the location in question.
09 = Drug Store/Doctor’s Office/Hospital
medical supply companies and buildings;
stores that are primarily considered
pharmacies; veterinary practices, veterinary
hospitals, and medical practices
10 = Field/Woods
areas that are primarily open fields or
wooded areas
Note: This data value does not include
parks.
11 = Government/Public Building
buildings primarily used for local, state, or
federal offices or public businesses
12 = Grocery/Supermarket
establishments primarily used for buying/
selling food items, etc.
13 = Highway/Road/Alley/Street/Sidewalk
open public ways for the passage of
vehicles, people, and animals
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Valid Data Value
Data Value Includes
14 = Hotel/Motel/Etc.
when temporary lodging of transients is the
main purpose
Note: This data value does not include
campgrounds or recreational vehicle parks.
15 = Jail/Prison/Penitentiary/Corrections Facility
places for the confinement of persons in
lawful detention or awaiting trial
16 = Lake/Waterway/Beach
shorelines, lakes, streams, canals, or bodies
of water other than swimming pools
17 = Liquor Store
establishments primarily used for buying
and selling alcoholic beverages
18 = Parking/Drop Lot/Garage
areas primarily used for parking motorized
vehicles and/or trailers, usually but not
always commercial in nature. A garage that
is attached to or detached from a residence
should be reported as residence as a more
specific location.
19 = Rental Storage Facility
any mini-storage and/or self-storage
buildings
20 = Residence/Home
apartments, condominiums, townhouses,
nursing homes, residential driveways,
residential yards; extended/continuous care
facilities
Note: This data value refers to permanent
residences.
21 = Restaurant
any commercial establishments that serve
meals or refreshments; cafeterias
23 = Service/Gas Station
establishments where motor vehicles are
serviced and gasoline, oil, etc., are sold
24 = Specialty Store
fur stores, jewelry stores, music stores,
dress shops, and clothing stores, etc.;
payday-lender type businesses
25 = Other/Unknown
any location that does not fit one of the
other defined data values, or when the
location of the incident is unknown
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Valid Data Value
Data Value Includes
37 = Abandoned/Condemned Structure
buildings or structures that are completed
but have been abandoned by the owner and
are no longer being used
Note: This data value does not include
vacant rental property. LEAs should use the
data value that best describes the property
in question, e.g., vacant rental house should
be classified as 20 = Residence/Home,
vacant convenience store that is for rent
should be classified as 07 = Convenience
Store, etc.
38 = Amusement Park
indoor or outdoor, permanent or
temporary, movie theaters, arcade,
commercial enterprises that offer rides,
games, and other entertainment
39 = Arena/Stadium/Fairgrounds/Coliseum
open-air or enclosed amphitheater-type
areas designed and used for the
presentation of sporting events, concerts,
assemblies, etc.
40 = ATM Separate from Bank
machines that provide the ability to make
deposits and/or withdrawals using a bank
card; ATM located inside a mall or store
Note: LEAs should use 02 = Bank/Savings
and Loan if the ATM is located at a banking
facility.
41 = Auto Dealership New/Used
businesses specifically designed for selling
new and used motor vehicles
Note: This data value also includes the
parking lots and garages of these facilities.
42 = Camp/Campground
areas used for setting up camps, including
tent and recreational vehicle campsites
44 = Daycare Facility
facilities that provide short-term
supervision, recreation, and/or meals for
adults or children during the daytime or at
night; respite care facilities for seniors or for
physically or mentally challenged individuals
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Valid Data Value
Data Value Includes
45 = Dock/Wharf/Freight/Modal Terminal
separate facility with platforms at which
trucks, ships, or trains load or unload cargo
Note: This data value does not include
cargo bays attached to a department store
or shopping mall. LEAs should classify these
as 08 = Department/Discount Store or
55 = Shopping Mall, respectively.
46 = Farm Facility
facilities designed for agricultural
production or devoted to the raising and
breeding of animals, areas of water devoted
to aquaculture, and/or all building or
storage structures located there; grain bins
Note: LEAs should classify the house on a
farm as 20 = Residence/Home.
47 = Gambling Facility/Casino/Race Track
indoor or outdoor facilities used to legally
bet on the uncertain outcome of games of
chance, contests, and/or races
48 = Industrial Site
active manufacturing locations, factories,
mills, plants, etc., specifically designed for
the manufacturing of goods
Note: This data value does not include
abandoned facilities. LEAs should classify
these as 37 = Abandoned/Condemned
Structure.
49 = Military Installation
locations specifically designed and used for
military operations
50 = Park/Playground
areas of land set aside for public use usually
maintained for recreational or ornamental
purposes; soccer fields, baseball fields
51 = Rest Area
designated areas, usually along a highway,
where motorists can stop
52 = School – College/University
institutions for the higher education of
individuals, which gives instruction in
specialized fields; community colleges; trade
schools
53 = School – Elementary/Secondary
institutions for the instruction of children
from preschool through 12th grade
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Valid Data Value
Data Value Includes
54 = Shelter – Mission/Homeless
establishments that provide temporary
housing for homeless individuals and/or
families; venues set up as temporary
shelters (e.g., a shelter set up in a church or
school during a storm)
55 = Shopping Mall
indoor or outdoor shopping areas and/or
centers with multiple (two or more) stores
and/or businesses; strip malls
Note: LEAs should use the data value that
best describes the location in question.
56 = Tribal Lands
Native American reservations, communities,
and/or trust lands
Note: The FBI UCR Program intends that
non-tribal LEAs will primarily use this data
value. Tribal agencies should use the data
value that best describes the location in
question.
57 = Community Center
public locations where members of a
community gather for group activities, social
activities, public information, and other
purposes; they may sometimes be open for
the whole community or for a specialized
group within the greater community;
Christian community center; Islamic
community center; Jewish community
center; youth clubs, etc.
58 = Cyberspace
a virtual or internet-based network of two
or more computers in separate locations
which communicate either through wireless
or wire connections.
Example 1
Police received a phone call from an individual who reported he recently received a letter from
a local business informing him the business’ computers were recently hacked from an external
source and the customer’s personal information might have been compromised. The individual
then reported he noticed someone had opened credit cards and other loans in his name. The
agency should enter data value 26F = Identity Theft into Data Element 6 (UCR Offense Code),
since the individual’s personal information had been taken from the victim business and new
accounts had been opened in the individual’s name. Because the data was obtained by the
perpetrator through the use of the internet, data value 58 = Cyberspace should be entered into
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Data Element 9 (Location Type). Had the internet not been available, then this crime could not
have been committed in the matter upon which it occurred.
Example 2
Police received a phone call from an individual who reported he recently received a letter from
the Target Corporation, informing him that the business’ computers were recently stolen and
the customer’s personal information may have been compromised. The individual then
reported he noticed someone had opened credit cards and other loans in his name. The agency
should enter data value 26F = Identity Theft into Data Element 6 (UCR Offense Code), since the
individual’s personal information had been taken from the victim business and new accounts
had been opened in the individual’s name. Data value 08 = Department/Discount Store should
be entered into Data Element 9 (Location Type), since this incident is not cyberspace related.
The fact the internet exists has nothing to do with the commission of this crime.
Example 3
Police received a phone call from a business that reported their computers were recently
hacked based on information identified by its information technology staff. The business
reported the hacking/invasion offense appeared to have come from an internet address located
in Iran. The LEA should enter data value 26G = Hacking/Computer Invasion into Data Element 6
(UCR Offense Code). Data value 58 = Cyberspace should be entered into Data Element 9
(Location Type) because this crime could not have been committed if cyberspace had not been
available.
Example 4
Police received a phone call from a business that stated an employee had used his computer to
download and steal trade secret information from the company. The company stated the
individual did not have access to the information and fraudulently accessed the folders where
the information was located. The LEA should enter data value 26G = Hacking/Computer
Invasion into Data Element 6 (UCR Offense Code). Data value 05 = Commercial/Office Building
should be entered into Data Element 9 (Location Type). This incident is not cyberspace related.
Even though a computer was used to steal the information, the subject used an internal system
and could have directly accessed the information without using the Internet.
Data Element 10 (Number of Premises Entered)
LEAs should use Data Element 10 (Number of Premises Entered) only if the crime is
Burglary/Breaking and Entering and the Hotel Rule applies (see the offense of
220 = Burglary/Breaking and Entering for more information about the Hotel Rule). In such
cases, the number of structures (premises) entered should be reported.
In NIBRS, the Hotel Rule includes rental storage facilities such as mini-storage and self-storage
buildings. Therefore, this data element is used if the offense is 220 = Burglary/Breaking and
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Entering and either data value 14 = Hotel/Motel/Etc. or data value 19 = Rental Storage Facility
is entered into Data Element 9 (Location Type). The total number (up to 99) of individual rooms,
units, suites, storage compartments, etc. entered should then be reported in this data element
(01-99).
Example 1
A burglar forcibly entered 11 rented storage compartments in a self-storage building. The
owner/manager of the building reported the incident to the police. The police department
should then enter data values 220 = Burglary/Breaking and Entering into Data Element 6 (UCR
Offense Code), 19 = Rental Storage Facility into Data Element 9 (Location Type), and the
number 11 (for 11 compartments) into this data element.
Example 2
When an LEA investigates a burglary at a private residence, the agency should enter data value
220 = Burglary/Breaking and Entering into Data Element 6 (UCR Offense Code) and data value
20 = Residence/Home into Data Element 9 (Location Type). However, because the Location
Type was not 14 = Hotel/Motel/Etc. or 19 = Rental Storage Facility, no entry should be made
into this data element. It should be blank.
Data Element 11 (Method of Entry)
Data Element 11 (Method of Entry) should be used only if the offense is 220 =
Burglary/Breaking and Entering. LEAs should use it to report whether the burglar(s) used force
or no force to enter the structure. A forced entry is where the burglar used force of any degree
or a mechanical contrivance of any kind (including a passkey or skeleton key) to unlawfully
enter a building or other structure. Agencies should also include burglary by concealment inside
a building followed by exiting the structure as forced entry. An unforced entry is one where the
burglar unlawfully entered through an unlocked door or window, but used no force. If both
forced and unforced entries were involved in the crime, the entry should be reported as
F = Force since the entry was accomplished through the use of force.
Valid Data Values
F = Force
N = No Force
Example
An investigation of a burglary complaint disclosed the offender(s) entered the building through
an unlocked street door and then forced a locked door to an office and stole a laptop. Since one
door was forced, F = Force should be entered.
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Data Element 12 (Type Criminal Activity/Gang Information)
Data Element 12 (Type Criminal Activity/Gang Information) indicates the criminal activity/gang
involvement of the offenders for certain offenses, including Animal Cruelty.
Criminal Activity
Agencies must report the type of criminal activity of offenders in incidents involving the
following offenses:
250 = Counterfeiting/Forgery
280 = Stolen Property Offenses
30C = Smuggling Illegal Aliens*
35A = Drug/Narcotic Violations
35B = Drug Equipment Violations
39C = Gambling Equipment Violations
370 = Pornography/Obscene Material
49A = Harboring Escapee/Concealing Arrest*
520 = Weapon Law Violations
521 = Violation of National Firearms Act of 1934*
522 = Weapons of Mass Destruction*
526 = Explosives*
58A = Import Violations*
58B = Export Violations*
61A = Federal Liquor Violations*
61B = Federal Tobacco Violations*
620 = Wildlife Trafficking*
720 = Animal Cruelty
*Denotes offenses for federal and tribal LEA reporting only
Valid Data Values (Criminal Activity)
LEAs may enter up to three types of activity for each offense above:
A = Simple/Gross Neglect (unintentionally, intentionally, or knowingly failing to provide food,
water, shelter, veterinary care, hoarding, etc.) (Only 720)
B = Buying/Receiving
C = Cultivating/Manufacturing/Publishing (i.e., production of any type)
D = Distributing/Selling
E = Exploiting Children
F = Organized Abuse (Dog Fighting and Cock Fighting) (Only 720)
I = Intentional Abuse or Torture (tormenting, mutilating, maiming, poisoning, or abandonment)
(Only 720)
O = Operating/Promoting/Assisting
P = Possessing/Concealing
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S = Animal Sexual Abuse (Bestiality) (Only 720)
T = Transporting/Transmitting/Importing
U = Using/Consuming
Example 1
The offenders published and sold pornographic photographs of children. Because up to three
types of activity may be entered, the agency should enter C = Cultivating/Manufacturing/
Publishing, D = Distributing/ Selling, and E = Exploiting Children.
Example 2
Police received a telephone complaint from a person whose neighbor was leaving her dog
outside in extreme heat without food or water daily. Police responded to the call and found a
German Shepherd that was breathing heavily and appeared to be very thin. Police contacted
the owner of the dog, who denied the allegations. Police arrested the dog’s owner and charged
her with Animal Cruelty. The agency should enter the criminal activity as 720 = Animal Cruelty
with a data value of A = Simple/Gross Neglect.
Example 3
Police received a 911 call about someone shooting squirrels. The police respond to the call and
find a squirrel lying in the road with a gunshot wound. Police identify the shooter, squirrel
season is underway, and the shooter has a valid hunting license and is NOT breaking any other
laws. The act of hunting is not considered to be animal cruelty, therefore no offense should be
reported, provided the hunting location is legal.
Example 4
An undercover law enforcement investigation uncovers a dog-fighting contest that occurs every
Saturday evening in a local community. The following week, law enforcement officers show up
at the contest with a warrant and make numerous arrests. The agency should report data value
720 = Animal Cruelty into Data Element 12 (Type Criminal Activity/Gang Information). Data
values F = Organized Abuse and I = Intentional Abuse or Torture (tormenting, mutilating,
maiming, poisoning, or abandonment) should be entered for the type of criminal activity.
Gang Information
Also, LEAs should use this data element to describe the type, or lack of presence, of an
offender’s gang activity for incidents involving the following offenses:
09A = Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter
09B = Negligent Manslaughter
100 = Kidnapping/Abduction
120 = Robbery
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11A = Rape
11B = Sodomy
11C = Sexual Assault With An Object
11D = Fondling
13A = Aggravated Assault
13B = Simple Assault
13C = Intimidation
Valid Data Values (Gang Information)
LEAs should enter up to two gang information codes for each offense above:
G = Other Gang (membership is predominantly 18 years of age or older)
J = Juvenile Gang (membership is predominantly juvenile [under 18 years of age])
N = None/Unknown (Mutually Exclusive)
For NIBRS reporting purposes, a gang is an ongoing organization, association, or group of three
or more persons who have a common interest and/or activity characterized by the commission
of or involvement in a pattern of criminal or delinquent conduct. If an agency establishes gang
involvement with any of the offenses above, the agency should use the predominant age of the
associated gang’s membership (and not the offender’s age) to determine whether
J = Juvenile Gang or G = Other Gang should be entered.
Juvenile Gang refers to a group of persons who go about together or act in concert, especially
for antisocial or criminal purposes; typically, adolescent members have common identifying
signs and symbols, such as hand signals and distinctive colors; they are also known as street
gangs.
Other Gang refers to persons associated with the world of criminal gangs and organized crime
commonly related to widespread criminal activities coordinated and controlled through a
central syndicate and who rely on their unlawful activities for income; they traditionally extort
money from businesses by intimidation, violence, or other illegal methods.
Example 5
Two females, aged 19, were riding bicycles through a neighborhood. Three males approached
them and forced them to stop. They exchanged words and one of the males attacked the
bicyclists. Each of the three attackers, one, aged 16, and the other two, aged 17, had identical
tattoos on their upper right arm. This marking was commonly associated with a local gang. The
NIBRS entry should be J = Juvenile Gang.
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Data Element 13 (Type Weapon/Force Involved)
In Data Element 13, LEAs can indicate up to three types of weapons or force used by the
offender in incidents involving the following offenses:
09A = Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter
09B = Negligent Manslaughter
09C = Justifiable Homicide
100 = Kidnapping/Abduction
11A = Rape
11B = Sodomy
11C = Sexual Assault With An Object
11D = Fondling
120 = Robbery
13A = Aggravated Assault
13B = Simple Assault
210 = Extortion/Blackmail
520 = Weapon Law Violations
521 = Violation of National Firearm Act of 1934*
522 = Weapons of Mass Destruction*
526 = Explosives*
64A = Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts
64B = Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude
*Denotes offenses for federal and tribal LEA reporting only
When reporting the weapons used, select the most specific weapon type listed, e.g., LEAs
should report a revolver as Handgun rather than Firearm. If a weapon was used that could be
employed in several ways, choose the weapon type that indicates how the weapon was used.
For example, if the offender used a bottle in the commission of a murder, report Blunt Object if
the victim was beaten or Knife/Cutting Instrument if the offender cut or stabbed the victim with
the bottle.
The FBI UCR Program defines an automatic firearm as any firearm that shoots, or is designed to
shoot, more than one shot at a time by a single pull of the trigger without manual reloading. If
the weapon was an automatic firearm, LEAs should add an A as a suffix to its weapon data
value, e.g., 13A = Automatic Rifle. Do NOT include semi-automatic as an automatic weapon.
As a result of the APB recommendation to collect Vehicular Manslaughter offenses as Negligent
Manslaughter, “/Vessel” will be added to the end of data value 35 = Motor Vehicle.
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Valid Data Values
11 = Firearm
12 = Handgun
13 = Rifle
14 = Shotgun
15 = Other Firearm
20 = Knife/Cutting Instrument (knives, razors, hatchets, axes, cleavers, scissors, glass, broken
bottles, ice picks, etc.)
30 = Blunt Object (baseball bats, butt of handgun, clubs, bricks, jack handles, tire irons, bottles,
etc.)
35 = Motor Vehicle/Vessel
40 = Personal Weapons (hands, fist, feet, arms, teeth, etc.)
50 = Poison
60 = Explosives
65 = Fire/Incendiary Device
70 = Drugs/Narcotics/Sleeping Pills
85 = Asphyxiation
90 = Other (BB guns, pellet guns, Tasers, pepper spray, stun guns, etc.)
95 = Unknown
99 = None (Mutually Exclusive)
Example 1
Three robbers held up a bank. One offender brandished a revolver, the second had a sawed-off
shotgun, and the third had an automatic machine gun. The weapon data values should be
12 = Handgun, 14 = Shotgun, and 15A = Automatic Other Firearm.
Example 2
The driver of one boat struck another boat while on a lake. The driver was determined to be
intoxicated after failing a battery of field sobriety tests. A passenger in the other boat died as a
result of the injuries sustained in the crash. As a result, the driver at fault was charged with
Negligent Manslaughter. The weapon data value should be 35 = Motor Vehicle/Vessel.
Data Element 14 (Type Property Loss/Etc.)
Agencies should use Data Element 14 to describe the type(s) of property loss, recovery, seizure,
etc., that occurred in an incident. LEAs should report separate property information for each
type of loss/etc., when the incident involved Kidnapping/Abduction, Crimes Against Property,
Drug/Narcotic Offenses, and Gambling Offenses.
An agency should report property stolen in its jurisdiction only. Likewise, only the agency that
reported the property stolen can report the property recovered even if another jurisdiction
recovered the property.
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Valid Data Values
LEAs should enter one for each type of property loss:
1 = None
2 = Burned (includes damage caused in fighting the fire)
3 = Counterfeited/Forged
4 = Destroyed/Damaged/Vandalized
5 = Recovered (to impound property that was previously stolen)
6 = Seized (to impound property that was not previously stolen)
7 = Stolen/Etc. (includes bribed, defrauded, embezzled, extorted, ransomed, robbed, etc.)
8 = Unknown
Example 1
For Arson, the entries could be 1 = None (an attempt with no property burned), 2 = Burned
(property burned), or 8 = Unknown (not known whether property burned).
Example 2
For Burglary, the entries could be 1 = None (an attempted burglary or the structure was
entered but no property was taken), 7 = Stolen/Etc. (property was taken),
5 = Recovered (stolen property was recovered), or 8 = Unknown (it is not known whether
property was taken).
Example 3
If the same incident involved both Arson and Burglary, the choices of property loss/etc. codes
shown in Examples 1 and 2 would apply depending on the circumstances.
Data Element 15 (Property Description)
LEAs should use Data Element 15 to report descriptions of the property that was burned,
counterfeited/forged, destroyed/damaged/vandalized, recovered, seized, stolen, bribed,
defrauded, embezzled, extorted, ransomed, robbed, etc., as a result of the incident. LEAs can
report up to ten property descriptions per type of property loss, etc. If more than ten types of
property are involved, the nine most valuable should be specified with property description
codes and the remaining properties combined and coded as 77 = Other.
The UCR Program realizes there may be more than one possible choice to describe property. LE
personnel should use their best judgment in reporting the property description after
investigating the crime and considering the circumstances surrounding the crime and the use of
the property during the commission of the crime.
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For example, full-size vans, both regular wheelbase and extended wheelbase, may be classified
as either 05 = Buses, 28 = Recreational Vehicles, or 37 = Trucks depending on the vehicle
configuration, i.e., vans with rows of seats (05 = Buses), custom vans with temporary lodging
accommodations (28 = Recreational Vehicles), or work vans with primarily cargo areas
(37 = Trucks).
Valid Data Values
Data Value
Data Value Includes
01 = Aircraft
machines or devices capable of
atmospheric flight; airplanes,
helicopters, dirigibles, gliders, ultra-
lights, hot air balloons, blimps, etc.
Note: This data value does not include
toy planes; LEAs should classify these
as
19 = Merchandise or 77 = Other, as
appropriate.
02 = Alcohol
any intoxicating liquors containing
alcohol used for human consumption;
alcoholic beverages, i.e., beer, wine,
and liquor
Note: Denatured alcohol may be
classified as either 45 = Chemicals or 64
= Fuel depending on how it was used in
the incident. LEAs should classify
rubbing alcohol as 08 = Consumable
Goods.
03 = Automobiles
any passenger vehicles designed for
operation on ordinary roads and
typically having four wheels and a
motor with the primary purpose of
transporting people other than public
transportation; sedans, taxicabs,
minivans, sport-utility vehicles,
limousines, and other similar motor
vehicles
04 = Bicycles
vehicles usually propelled by pedals,
connected to the wheel by a chain, and
have handlebars for steering and a
saddle-like seat; tandem bicycles,
unicycles, and tricycles
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Data Value
Data Value Includes
05 = Buses
motor vehicles specifically designed,
but not necessarily used, to transport
groups of people on a commercial
basis; trolleys,
school/coach/tourist/double-decker
buses, commercial vans, etc.
06 = Clothes/Furs
garments for the body, articles of
dress, wearing apparel for human use;
accessories such as belts, shoes,
scarves, ties, etc.; eyewear/glasses,
hearing aids, etc.
07 = Computer Hardware/Software
electrical components making up a
computer system, written programs/
procedures/rules/associated
documentation pertaining to the
operation of a computer system stored
in read/write memory; computers,
printers, storage media, video games,
software packages, video consoles such
as Wii®, PlayStation®, and Xbox®
08 = Consumable Goods
expendable items used by humans for
nutrition, enjoyment, or hygiene; food,
non-alcoholic beverages, grooming
products, cigarettes, firewood, etc.
09 = Credit/Debit Cards
cards and/or the account number
associated with the cards that function
like a check and through which
payments or credit for purchases or
services are made electronically to the
bank accounts of participating
establishments directly from the
cardholders’ accounts; automated
teller machine (ATM) cards, electronic
benefit transfer (EBT) cards
Note: This data value does not include
gift cards; LEAs should classify these as
77 = Other.
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Data Value
Data Value Includes
10 = Drugs/Narcotics
substances such as narcotics or
hallucinogens that affect the central
nervous system causing changes in
behavior and often addiction;
prescription, over-the-counter, legal,
and illegal drugs
11 = Drug/Narcotic Equipment
unlawful articles, items, products, etc.
used to prepare and consume drugs or
narcotics; glass pipes, bongs, pop cans,
methamphetamine (meth) labs, etc.
12 = Farm Equipment
any kind of machinery used on a farm
to conduct farming; tractors, combines,
etc.
13 = Firearms
weapons that fire a projectile by force
of an explosion; handguns, rifles,
shotguns, assault rifles,
semiautomatics, homemade guns, flare
guns, etc.
Note: This data value does not include
“BB,” pellet, or gas-powered guns. LEAs
should classify these as 80 = Weapons
– Other.
14 = Gambling Equipment
any equipment or devices used to
produce, manufacture, or perpetrate
gambling; slot machines, keno, card
tables, poker chips, bingo, raffles,
lottery tickets, etc.
15 = Heavy Construction/Industrial Equipment
large-scale equipment used in the
construction of buildings, roads, etc.;
cranes, bulldozers, steamrollers, oil-
drilling rigs, backhoes, excavators, etc.
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Data Value
Data Value Includes
16 = Household Goods
items normally used to furnish a
residence; furniture, appliances,
utensils, air conditioning/heating
equipment, mailboxes, household
lighting, etc.
Note: This data value does not include
radios, televisions, digital video disc
(DVD) or compact disc (CD) players,
etc.; LEAs should classify these as
26 = Radios/TVs/VCRs/DVD Players and
the media for such devices as 27 =
Recordings – Audio/Visual.
17 = Jewelry/Precious Metals/Gems
articles made of gold, silver, precious
stones, etc. used for personal
adornment; bracelets, necklaces, rings,
watches, platinum, loose gems, etc.
18 = Livestock
domesticated animals raised for home
use or profit; cattle, chickens, hogs,
horses, sheep, bees, household pets
such as dogs and cats if commercially
raised for profit, animals raised and/or
used for illegal gambling, e.g., dogs,
roosters, etc.
19 = Merchandise
Items or goods which are exposed or
held for sale
Note: LEAs should use a more specific
data value whenever possible.
20 = Money
any circulating medium of exchange,
legal tender, currency; coins, paper
money, demand deposits, etc.;
counterfeited currency
21 = Negotiable Instruments
documents, other than currency, that
are payable without restriction; an
unconditional promise or order of
payment to a holder upon issue,
possession, on demand, or at a specific
time; endorsed checks (including
forged checks that have been
endorsed), endorsed money orders,
endorsed traveler’s checks, bearer
checks, and bearer bonds
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Data Value
Data Value Includes
22 = Non-Negotiable Instruments
documents requiring further action to
become negotiable; unendorsed
checks, money orders, traveler’s
checks, stocks, bonds, blank checks,
etc.
23 = Office-type Equipment
items normally used in an office or
business setting; calculators, cash
registers, copying machines, facsimile
machines, shredders, etc.
Note: LEAs should use a more specific
data value whenever possible.
24 = Other Motor Vehicles
motorized vehicles that do not fit the
definition of automobile, bus, truck, or
recreational vehicle; motorcycles,
motor scooters, trail bikes, mopeds,
snowmobiles, motorized golf carts,
motorized wheelchairs, all-terrain
vehicles, go-carts, Segways®, etc.
25 = Purses/Handbags/Wallets
bags or pouches used for carrying
articles such as money, credit/debit
cards, keys, photographs, and other
miscellaneous items; briefcases, fanny
packs, and backpacks when used as a
purse or wallet
26 = Radios/TVs/VCRs/DVD Players
items used to transmit audible signals
and visual images of moving and
stationary objects; high fidelity and
stereo equipment, CD players, MP3
players, cable boxes, etc.
Note: This data value does not include
radios/stereos installed in vehicles;
LEAs should classify these as 38 =
Vehicle Parts/
Accessories.
27 = Recordings – Audio/Visual
phonograph records or blank or
recorded tapes or discs upon which the
user records sound and/or visual
images; compact discs (CDs), digital
video discs (DVDs), cassettes, VHS
tapes, etc.
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Data Value
Data Value Includes
28 = Recreational Vehicles
motor vehicles that are specifically
designed, but not necessarily used, to
transport people and also provide
them temporary lodging for
recreational purposes; motor homes
29 = Structures – Single Occupancy Dwellings
buildings occupied by single families,
individuals, or housemates, commonly
referred to as houses, mobile homes,
townhouses, duplexes, etc.
30 = Structures – Other Dwellings
any other residential dwellings not
meeting the definition of 29 =
Structures – Single Occupancy
Dwellings; apartments, tenements,
flats, boarding houses, dormitories;
temporary living quarters such as
hotels, motels, inns, bed and breakfasts
31 = Structures – Other Commercial/Business
buildings designated for or occupied by
enterprises engaged in the buying and
selling of commodities or services,
commercial trade, or forms of gainful
activity that have the objective of
supplying commodities; stores, office
buildings, restaurants, etc.
32 = Structures – Industrial/Manufacturing
buildings designated for or occupied by
enterprises engaged in the production
or distribution of goods, refined and
unrefined, for use by industry;
factories, plants, assembly lines, etc.
33 = Structures – Public/Community
buildings used by a group of people for
social/cultural/group/recreational
activities, common interests, classes,
etc.; colleges, hospitals, jails, libraries,
meeting halls, passenger terminals,
religious buildings, schools, sports
arenas, etc.
34 = Structures – Storage
buildings used for storing goods,
belongings, merchandise, etc.; barns,
garages, storehouses, warehouses,
sheds, etc.
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Data Value
Data Value Includes
35 = Structures – Other
any other types of structures not fitting
the descriptions of the previous types
of structures listed ( in Data Values 29
through 34); outbuildings, monuments,
buildings under constructions, etc.
36 = Tools
hand-held implements that are used in
accomplishing work; hand and power
tools
37 = Trucks
motor vehicles which are specifically
designed, but not necessarily used, to
transport cargo on a commercial basis,
or vehicles designed for transporting
loads
38 = Vehicle Parts/Accessories
items attached to the inside or outside
of a vehicle; motor vehicle batteries,
engines, transmissions, heaters,
hubcaps, tires, radios, CD/DVD players,
automotive global positioning system
(GPS) navigation systems, Radar
Device, etc.
39 = Watercraft
vehicles used in the water, propelled by
a motor, paddle, or sail; motorboats,
sailboats, canoes, fishing boats, jet skis,
etc.
41 = Aircraft Parts/Accessories
parts or accessories of an aircraft,
whether inside or outside
Note: This data value does not include
aircrafts that are intact or model/toy
planes;
LEAs should classify complete aircraft
as
01 = Aircraft and model/toy planes as
77 = Other.
42 = Artistic Supplies/Accessories
items or equipment used to create or
maintain paintings, sculptures, crafts,
etc.; frames, oil paints, clay
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Data Value
Data Value Includes
43 = Building Materials
items used to construct buildings;
lumber, concrete, gravel, drywall,
bricks, plumbing supplies, uninstalled
windows, uninstalled doors, etc.
Note: This data value does not include
items stolen from a completed
building. LEAs should classify copper
wire, aluminum, etc., as 71 = Metals,
Non-Precious.
44 = Camping/Hunting/Fishing Equipment/Supplies
items, tools, or objects used for
recreational camping, hunting, or
fishing; tents, camp stoves, fishing
poles, sleeping bags, etc.
Note: LEAs should classify rifles, pistols,
and shotguns as 13 = Firearms.
45 = Chemicals
substances with distinct molecular
compositions that are produced by or
used in chemical processes; herbicides,
paint thinner, insecticides, industrial or
household products, solvents,
fertilizers, lime, mineral oil, antifreeze,
etc.
Note: LEAs should classify chemicals
used in conjunction with illegal drug
activity as 10 = Drugs/Narcotics or 11 =
Drug/Narcotic Equipment, as
appropriate.
46 = Collections/Collectibles
objects that are collected because they
arouse interest due to being novel,
rare, bizarre, or valuable; art objects,
stamp/baseball/comic book collections
Note: LEAs should use a more specific
data value whenever possible. For
example, a collection of old guns
should be classified as
13 = Firearms.
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Data Value
Data Value Includes
47 = Crops
cultivated plants or agricultural
produce grown for commercial, human,
or livestock consumption and use that
is usually sold in bulk; grains, fruits,
vegetables, tobacco, cotton
Note: This data value does not include
crops that yield illegal substances. LEAs
should classify crops used in
conjunction with illegal drug activity as
10 = Drugs/ Narcotics or 11 =
Drug/Narcotic Equipment, as
appropriate.
48 = Documents/Personal or Business
includes affidavits, applications,
certificates, credit card documents,
savings account books, titles, deposit
slips, pawn shop slips, patents,
blueprints, bids, proposals, personal
files, and U.S. mail
Note: This data value does not include
identity documents (65 = Identity
Documents)
49 = Explosives
devices that explode or cause an
explosion; bombs, dynamite, Molotov
cocktails, fireworks, ammunition, etc.
59 = Firearm Accessories
items used in conjunction with a
firearm to improve ease of use or
maintenance; gun belts, cases, cleaning
tools/equipment, targets, aftermarket
stocks, laser sights,
rifle/spotting/handgun scopes
64 = Fuel
products used to produce energy; coal,
gasoline, diesel, biodiesel, natural gas,
oil
65 = Identity Documents
formal documents and/or their
numbers that provide proof pertaining
to a specific individual’s identity;
passports, visas, driver’s licenses, Social
Security cards, alien registration cards,
voter registration cards, etc.
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Data Value
Data Value Includes
66 = Identity – Intangible
sets of characteristics or behavioral or
personal traits by which an entity or
person is recognized or known;
damaged reputation, disclosed
confidential information, etc.
67 = Law Enforcement Equipment
anything specifically used by LE
personnel during the performance of
their official duties; vests, uniforms,
handcuffs, flashlights, nightsticks,
badges, etc.; canines (K-9s), horses,
Tasers, etc.
Note: This data value does not include
firearms. LEAs should classify firearms
as
13 = Firearms and should select the
most appropriate motor vehicle or
other mobile property data value when
applicable, e.g.,
01 = Aircraft, 39 = Watercraft, 24 =
Other Motor Vehicles.
68 = Lawn/Yard/Garden Equipment
equipment used for maintaining and
decorating lawns and yards; mowers,
line trimmers, tools, tillers, etc.
Note: This data value does not include
plants, trees, fountains, bird baths, etc.
69 = Logging Equipment
equipment specifically used by logging
industry personnel during the
performance of their duties; choker
cables, binders, blocks, etc.
70 = Medical/Medical Lab Equipment
equipment specifically used in the
medical field; X-ray machines, testing
equipment, MRI (magnetic resonance
imaging) machines, ultrasound
machines, wheelchairs, stethoscopes,
etc.
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Data Value
Data Value Includes
71 = Metals, Non-Precious
base metals or alloys possessing luster,
malleability, ductility, and conductivity
of electricity and heat; ferrous and
non-ferrous metals such as iron, steel,
tin, aluminum, copper, brass, copper
wire, copper pipe, etc.
72 = Musical Instruments
instruments relating to or capable of
producing music; percussion, brass,
woodwind, and string instruments,
etc.; guitar strings, picks, drum sticks,
etc.
73 = Pets
animals kept for pleasure or
companionship, other than livestock;
cats, dogs, household birds, fish,
rodents, reptiles, and exotic animals
raised as pets and not for profit
74 = Photographic/Optical Equipment
equipment used to take photographs
and/or relating to the science of optics
or optical equipment; cameras,
camcorders, telescopes, lenses, prisms,
optical scanners, binoculars,
monoculars, etc.
Note: This data value does not include
camera phones. LEAs should classify
these as 75 = Portable Electronic
Communications.
75 = Portable Electronic Communications
electronic devices used to
communicate audible or visual
messages; cell phones, camera phones,
pagers, personal digital assistants
(PDAs), BlackBerrys®, Gameboy®,
iPads®, iPods®, Kindles®, Nooks®, etc.
76 = Recreational/Sports Equipment
equipment and materials used for
recreational purposes, or during sports
activities; skis, balls, gloves, weights,
nets, bats, rackets, team uniforms, etc.
77 = Other
all other property not fitting the
specific descriptions of the data values
identified
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Data Value
Data Value Includes
78 = Trailers
transportation devices designed to be
hauled by a motor vehicle; truck
trailers, semi-trailers, utility trailers,
farm trailers, etc.
79 = Watercraft Equipment/Parts/Accessories
watercraft equipment or accessories
that are used for the crafts’
maintenance or operation; buoys, life
preservers, paddles, sails
Note: This data value does not include
accessories for water sports. LEAs
should classify these as 76 =
Recreational/Sports Equipment.
80 = Weapons – Other
weapons not classified under other
categories; knives, swords, nunchakus,
brass knuckles, crossbows, bows and
arrows, pepper spray, Tasers, sling
shots, “BB” guns, pellet guns, gas-
powered guns, paintball guns, etc.
88 = Pending Inventory
items whose property description is
unknown until the LEA conducts an
inventory
Example 1
If a house was destroyed by arson and the homeowners were away on an overseas trip, making
it impossible to determine the property loss until their return, the agency should enter
88 = Pending Inventory.
Note: LEAs should update the property information with entries describing the type(s) of
burned property when the results of the inventory are subsequently determined.
Example 2
The following property was stolen as the result of a burglary: (1) a $10,000 stamp collection,
(2) jewelry worth $5,000, (3) an $1,800 personal computer, (4) clothes worth $1,500,
(5) silverware worth $800, (6) a $650 TV, (7) $450 in stereo equipment, (8) a $400 microwave
oven, (9) $350 in cash, (10) a $250 copier (11) a $150 shotgun, (12) a $100 bicycle, (13) two
credit cards (no value), and (14) ten blank personal checks (no value).
The stamp collection should be coded as 46 = Collections/Collectibles. The jewelry and
silverware should be entered as code 17 = Jewelry/Precious Metals/Gems, the personal
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computer as 07 = Computer Hardware/Software, the clothes as 06 = Clothes/Furs, the TV and
stereo equipment as 26 = Radios/TVs/VCRs/DVD Players, the microwave oven as
16 = Household Goods, the cash as 20 = Money, the copier as 23 = Office-type Equipment, and
the shotgun as 13 = Firearms. Because more than ten items were taken, the bicycle, the two
credit cards, and the ten blank personal checks should be coded as 77 = Other.
Data Element 16 (Value of Property)
Agencies should use Data Element 16 (Value of Property) to enter the total dollar value (in
whole dollars) of the property burned (including damage caused in fighting the fire),
counterfeited, destroyed/damaged/vandalized, recovered, seized, stolen, etc., as a result of an
incident.
LEAs can enter up to ten values to match the up to ten property descriptions (Data Element 15)
associated with each Property Segment (i.e., each type of property loss/etc.) in the incident. If
more than ten types of property are involved, the values of the nine most valuable, coded
properties should be entered; then, the total value of the remaining properties combined which
were coded as 77 = Other in Data Element 15 should be combined and then entered.
If the value of a property is unknown, the agency should enter the value one dollar ($1), which
means unknown.
An agency should report only the value of the property stolen in its jurisdiction. Likewise, the
agency that originally reported the property stolen should report the value of the property as
recovered, regardless of whether another agency recovered the property. This procedure
applies to all stolen property, including motor vehicles. (Some agencies find it valuable to
maintain separate records on property they recover for other jurisdictions.)
The valid data values to be used in Data Element 16 (Value of Property) are 1 – 999,999,999;
1 = Unknown, i.e., 000000001, should be entered.
Additional Considerations
When LEAs seize drugs or narcotics in a drug case, they should report no value for this data
element, but should report the estimated quantity of the drugs or narcotics. Therefore, when
the offense is 35A = Drug/Narcotic Violations, the data value of 6 = Seized should be entered
into Data Element 14 (Type Property Loss/Etc.) and 10 = Drugs/Narcotics should be entered into
Data Element 15 (Property Description). The agency should enter no value into this data
element; instead, agencies should use Data Element 20 (Suspected Drug Type), Data Element
21 (Estimated Drug Quantity), and Data Element 22 (Type Drug Measurement).
When drugs or narcotics are involved in other types of crime (e.g., they were stolen through
burglary, robbery, theft, etc., or destroyed by arson) their value should be entered into this
data element, and Data Elements 20, 21, and 22 should be left blank.
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Guidelines for Property Valuation
Questions frequently arise as to how to valuate property involved in a criminal incident. The FBI
UCR Program suggests the following guidelines:
1. Round values to the nearest whole dollar.
2. Use the fair market value for articles subject to depreciation because of wear and tear, age,
or other factors causing the value to decrease with use.
3. Use the victim’s valuation (in most instances) of items such as jewelry, watches, and other
similar goods that decrease in value slightly or not at all with use or age.
4. Use replacement cost or actual cash cost to victim for new or almost new clothes, auto
accessories, bicycles, etc.
5. Use the current market price at the time of the theft, seizure, etc. for negotiable
instruments such as bonds payable to the bearer, etc.
6. Score the theft of non-negotiable instruments such as traveler’s checks, personal checks,
money orders, stocks, bonds, food stamps, etc., but do not record a value.
7. Use the cost to the merchant (wholesale cost) of goods recovered, seized, stolen, etc., from
retail establishments, warehouses, etc. In other words, use the dollar value representing
the actual cash loss to the victim without any markup or profit added.
8. When the victim obviously exaggerates the value of stolen/destroyed/damaged property
for insurance or other purposes, LEAs should use common sense and good judgment to
determine the value reported for the stolen items.
9. Often the condition of the property is different at recovery than it was when stolen. LEAs
should use the market value at the time of recovery even though it is less than the value
reported at the time of the theft. If the value has increased by the time LE recovers the
property, the recovery value should not exceed its initial stolen value. Hair-splitting
refinements are unnecessary.
Note: LEAs may use any type of resource to determine the value of property including the
Internet, Craigslist, eBay, Kelley Blue Book, etc.
Example 1
Two bicycles belonging to two victims were stolen at the same time and place—one was worth
$300 and the other $150. The agency should enter a data value of 04 = Bicycles Data Element
15 (Property Description) and the total value of the bicycles, 450 ($300 + $150 = $450) into Data
Element 16 (Value of Property).
Example 2
The following property was stolen as the result of a burglary: (1) a $10,000 stamp collection,
(2) jewelry worth $5,000, (3) an $1,800 personal computer, (4) clothes worth $1,500,
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(5) silverware worth $800, (6) a $650 TV, (7) $450 in stereo equipment, (8) a $400 microwave
oven, (9) $350 in cash, (10) a $250 copier (11) a $150 shotgun, (12) a $100 bicycle, (13) two
credit cards (no value), and (14) ten blank personal checks (no value).
The values for each specifically coded property should be: $10,000 for data value 46 (the stamp
collection), $5,800 for data value 17 (the jewelry and silverware), $1,800 for data value 07 (the
personal computer), $1,500 for data value 06 (the clothes), $1,100 for data value 26 (the TV
and stereo equipment), $400 for data value 16 (the microwave oven), $350 for data value 20
(the cash), $250 for data value 23 (the copier), and $150 for data value 13 (the shotgun).
Because more than ten items were taken, the value of the bicycle, the two credit cards, and the
ten blank personal checks should be combined and their value ($100) entered under data value
77 = Other.
Data Element 17 (Date Recovered)
If an LEA recovers property previously stolen in their jurisdiction, they should report the month,
day, and year of its recovery in Data Element 17. Accordingly, this data element should be used
only if data value 5 = Recovered is entered into Data Element 14 (Type Property Loss/Etc.). If
the recovery date is unknown, enter the date of the report.
LEAs may report up to ten dates of recovery to match each of the up to ten property
descriptions associated with each type of property loss/etc. in the incident. If there is more
than one date of recovery for the same Property Description, the agency should report the
earliest date.
Note: LEAs should report recovered property only if they also first reported the property stolen.
Example
On March 28, 2018, a thief stole three cars from a used car lot. An LEA recovered one of the
cars on April 1, 2018. On April 24, 2018, they recovered a second car. The date reported for this
data element should be 20180401.
Data Element 18 (Number of Stolen Motor Vehicles)
LEAs should use Data Element 18 to report the number of motor vehicles that were stolen in a
Motor Vehicle Theft incident. Agencies should use this data element only if the offense is 240 =
Motor Vehicle Theft, 7 = Stolen was entered into Data Element 14 (Type Property Loss/Etc.),
and 03 = Automobiles, 05 = Buses, 24 = Other Motor Vehicles, 28 = Recreational Vehicles, or 37
= Trucks was entered into Data Element 15 (Property Description). If the number of vehicles
stolen is unknown, the agency should enter 00 = Unknown. LEAs should not report motor
vehicles taken as the proceeds of other offenses (e.g., Burglary, Fraud, Embezzlement, etc.) In
NIBRS, agencies may report up to 99 vehicles stolen per incident.
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Data Element 19 (Number of Recovered Motor Vehicles)
Data Element 19 indicates how many motor vehicles an LEA recovered in a motor vehicle theft
incident. Agencies should use this data element only if the offense is 240 = Motor Vehicle Theft,
5 = Recovered was entered into Data Element 14 (Type Property Loss/Etc.), and
03 = Automobiles, 05 = Buses, 24 = Other Motor Vehicles, 28 = Recreational Vehicles, or
37 = Trucks was entered into Data Element 15 (Property Description). If the number of
recovered vehicles is unknown, the agency should report 00 = Unknown. The agency should not
report motor vehicles recovered as the proceeds of other offenses, i.e., Burglary, Fraud,
Embezzlement, etc. In NIBRS, agencies can report up to 99 vehicles recovered per incident.
Data Element 20 (Suspected Drug Type)
Data Element 20 identifies the types of drugs or narcotics the LEA seized in a drug case.
Agencies should use this data element in the following two instances: (1) one of the offenses in
the incident was 35A = Drug/Narcotic Violations, 6 = Seized was entered into Data Element 14
(Type Property Loss/Etc.), and data value 10 = Drugs/Narcotics was entered into Data Element
15 (Property Description); or (2) one of the offenses is 35A = Drug/Narcotic Violations and
1 = None is entered in Data Element 14 (Type Property Loss/Etc.). This applies to drugs the
offenders flushed down a toilet, swallowed, or the LEA used as part of an undercover
investigation.
LEAs can report up to three types of drugs or narcotics per incident. If more than three are
involved, the two most important (as determined by the reporting agency taking into account
the quantity, value, and deadliness of the drugs or narcotics) should be reported under their
applicable drug types and the remaining drugs or narcotics should be entered as a single
X = Over 3 Drug Types entry.
LEAs should not use this data element when they find drugs or narcotics burned, stolen, etc., in
connection with other offenses, such as arson, burglary/breaking and entering, or larceny/theft.
Valid Data Values
LEAs should enter up to three drug types per incident:
A = Crack Cocaine
B = Cocaine (all forms except Crack)
C = Hashish
D = Heroin
E = Marijuana
F = Morphine
G = Opium
H = Other Narcotics: Codeine; Demerol; Dihydromorphinone or Dilaudid; Hydrocodone or
Percodan; Methadone; Pentazocine; Propoxyphene or Darvon; etc.
I = LSD
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J = PCP
K = Other Hallucinogens: BMDA or White Acid; DMT; MDA; MDMA; Mescaline or Peyote;
Psilocybin; STP; Spice; Dronabinol or Marinol; etc.
L = Amphetamines/Methamphetamines (includes Methcathinone)
M = Other Stimulants: Adipex, Fastine, and Ionamin (Derivatives of Phentermine); Benzedrine;
Didrex; Khat; Bath Salts; Methylphenidate or Ritalin; Phenmetrazine or Preludin; Tenuate;
etc.
N = Barbiturates
O = Other Depressants: Glutethimide or Doriden, Methaqualone or Quaalude, or Talwin; etc.
P = Other Drugs: Antidepressants (Elavil, Triavil, Tofranil, etc.); Aromatic Hydrocarbons;
Tranquilizers (Chlordiazepoxide or Librium, Diazepam or Valium, etc.); Steroids; etc.
U = Unknown Type Drug
X = Over 3 Drug Types
Note: Only agencies in jurisdictions where the possession of Spice, also known as K2, is illegal
should report offenses and/or arrests for the drug. Spice is a synthetic, cannabinoid herbal
substance that, when smoked, produces a Marijuana-like high. However, agencies should not
classify Spice as Marijuana for crime reporting purposes. Because it has been known to cause
hallucinations in some users, the Chemical Unit at the FBI Laboratory has advised that agencies
should report the drugs as K = Other Hallucinogens.
Example
In a drug case, an LEA seized the following drugs: (1) 1.5 kilograms of Crack, (2) 2.125 pounds
of Marijuana, (3) 2.0 liquid ounces of Morphine, and (4) 500 Valium capsules. The agency
should enter A = Crack Cocaine, E = Marijuana, and X = Over 3 Drug Types as a single entry for
the Morphine and Valium because more than three types of drugs were seized.
Note: When more than three types of drugs are involved, the two most important drugs (as
determined by the reporting agency based on the quantity, value, and deadliness of the
drugs/narcotics) should be reported in Drug Type 1 and Drug Type 2; X = Over 3 Drug Types
should be entered in Drug Type 3.
Data Element 21 (Estimated Drug Quantity)
LEAs should use Data Element 21 to indicate the quantity of drugs or narcotics seized in a drug
case. Therefore, LEAs should use it only if one of the offenses in the incident was
35A = Drug/Narcotic Violations, 6 = Seized was entered into Data Element 14 (Type Property
Loss/ Etc.), and 10 = Drugs/Narcotics was entered into Data Element 15 (Property Description).
The NIBRS Technical Specification indicates nine characters are available to enter the number of
whole pounds, ounces, grams, etc., and three more characters are available to enter the
decimal amount (i.e., the quantity expressed in thousandths). Because the decimal is implied,
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agencies should not enter a decimal point into Data Element 21. LEAs should enter trace
amounts of a drug as “000000000001” in this data element.
If the substance was sent to a laboratory for analysis, and a response has not yet been received,
then agencies must enter 1 = None (i.e., 000000001000) into Data Element 21 to indicate None.
LEAs must update this interim report with the true quantity once the response arrives.
LEAs may enter up to three quantities to match the up-to-three drug types reported in Data
Element 20 (Suspected Drug Type). If more than three drugs or narcotics are involved, the
quantities of the two most important (as determined by the reporting agency taking into
account their quantity, value, and deadliness) should be entered. Agencies should not enter the
quantity of the remaining drugs/narcotics coded as X = Over 3 Drug Types. Agencies should
leave this data element blank.
Because of problems in determining the street value of drugs or narcotics, agencies should not
report a monetary value when they seize the drugs or narcotics in connection with drug or
narcotic violations. However, in order to obtain some measure of the drug problem, agencies
should report the Estimated Quantity of seized drugs or narcotics for each Drug/Narcotic
Violation in these instances.
LEAs should not use this data element when they find drugs or narcotics, connected with other
offenses, e.g., Arson, Burglary/Breaking and Entering, Larceny-Theft.
Example 1
An agency seizes 1.5 kilograms of Crack, 2.125 pounds of Marijuana, 2.0 liquid ounces of
Morphine, and 500 Valium capsules. The agency should enter 000000001500 for the Crack and
000000002125 for the Marijuana into Data Element 21. The agency should not enter quantities
for the Morphine or Valium.
Example 2
LE seized 15 marijuana plants from a greenhouse inside a residence. Police also seized 5 pounds
of Marijuana. The agency should enter 000000015000 for the plants and for the 000000005000
for the Marijuana. (Remember the last three digits of the field represent the tenths,
hundredths, and thousandths to the right of an implied decimal.)
Example 3
An LEA seized a bag of white powder that they suspected was drugs. They sent the powder to
the laboratory for analysis. Therefore, the agency would enter 000000001000 = None into Data
Element 21. In addition, the agency must update the information once the analysis is complete.
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Data Element 22 (Type Drug Measurement)
LEAs should use Data Element 22 to indicate the type of measurement used in quantifying
drugs or narcotics seized in a drug case. Therefore, it should be used only if one of the offenses
in an incident was 35A = Drug/Narcotic Violations, 6 = Seized was entered into Data Element 14
(Type Property Loss/Etc.), and 10 = Drugs/Narcotics was entered into Data Element 15
(Property Description).
Data Element 22 (Type Drug Measurement) can contain up to three entries, and the data values
should be consistent with the data values reported for Data Element 20 (Suspected Drug Type).
If more than three are involved, the types of measurement of the two most important drugs or
narcotics (as determined by the reporting agency taking into account their quantity, value, and
deadliness) should be entered. Do not enter the type of measurement for the remaining drugs
or narcotics that are coded as X = Over 3 Drug Types in Data Element 20 (Suspected Drug Type);
leave this data element blank.
If the substance was sent to a laboratory for analysis and a response has not yet been received,
XX = Not Reported should be entered. In addition, 1 = None should be entered into Data
Element 21 (Estimated Drug Quantity). When the agency receives the results of the laboratory
analysis, the agency must update Data Elements 21 (Estimated Drug Quantity) and 22 (Type
Drug Measurement).
LEAs should not use this data element when they find drugs or narcotics, connected with other
offenses, e.g., Arson, Burglary/Breaking and Entering, Larceny/Theft.
Valid Data Values
LEAs may enter up to three of the following measurement types in Data Element 22 (Type Drug
Measurement):
Weight
Capacity
Units
GM = Gram
ML = Milliliter
DU = Dosage Units/Items
1
KG = Kilogram
LT = Liter
NP = Number of Plants
2
OZ = Ounce
FO = Fluid Ounce
LB = Pound
GL = Gallon
XX = Not Reported
1
Number of capsules, pills, tablets, etc.
2
e.g., Marijuana plants (bushes)
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Note: When more than three types of drugs are involved, the type of measurement for the two
most important drugs (as determined by the reporting agency based on the quantity, value, and
deadliness of the drugs/narcotics) should be reported in Measurement Type 1 and
Measurement Type 2; Measurement Type 3 should be left blank.
Example 1
An agency seizes 1.5 kilograms of Crack, 2.125 pounds of Marijuana, 2.0 liquid ounces of
Morphine, and 500 Valium capsules. The agency should enter KG = Kilogram for the Crack and
LB = Pound for the Marijuana. The agency should make no entries for the Morphine or Valium.
Example 2
LE seized 15 marijuana plants from a greenhouse inside a residence. Police also seized 5 pounds
of Marijuana. The agency should enter NP = Number of Plants for the plants and LB = Pound for
the Marijuana.
Example 3
An LEA seized a bag of white powder, suspected to be drugs. They sent the powder to the
laboratory for analysis. The agency should enter U = Unknown for Suspected Drug Type and
XX = Type Drug Measurement pending laboratory results.
Data Element 23 (Victim Sequence Number)
Victim Sequence Number is used to assign each victim in an incident a sequence number from
001 to 999. LEAs should then submit separate victim information for each numbered victim.
Example
If there were three victims in an incident, the LEA should report victim information for each of
the three victims—one with Victim Sequence Number 001, another with 002, and the last with
003.
Some assault situations can pose difficulties in distinguishing victims. If multiple persons are
involved in a dispute or disturbance and LE investigations cannot establish the aggressors from
the victims, record all persons involved as both victims and offenders. (Such situations can
occur with domestic disputes, barroom brawls, etc.)
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Data Element 24 (Victim Connected to UCR Offense Code)
LEAs should use Data Element 24 to link each victim to the up to ten most serious (as
determined by the reporting agency) Group A offenses that were perpetrated against the victim
during the incident.
Example
An offender robbed two victims, Victim 001 and Victim 002 and also raped Victim 001. In the
victim information for Victim 001, the agency should report both 120 = Robbery and 11A =
Rape. In the victim information for Victim 002, the agency should submit only 120 = Robbery.
Note: Each offense may not affect every victim in an incident. For each victim, report only those
offenses affecting the victim.
Note: The robbery/assault example above contains “lesser included” offenses. Mutually
exclusive offenses are offenses that cannot occur to the same victim according to UCR
Definitions. Lesser included offenses are offenses where one offense is an element of another
offense and cannot be reported as having happened to the victim along with the other offense.
(For more information about mutually exclusive/lesser included offenses, refer to the NIBRS
Technical Specification, Data Element 24 [Victim Connected to UCR Offense Code]).
Data Element 25 (Type of Victim)
LEAs should use Data Element 25 to categorize each victim associated with a NIBRS incident.
Valid Data Values
LEAs should enter only one per victim segment:
B = Business
F = Financial Institution
G = Government
I = Individual
L = Law Enforcement Officer (valid for offenses 09A, 13A, 13B, and 13C only)
O = Other
R = Religious Organization
S = Society/Public
U = Unknown
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Example
During a bank robbery, the offender pointed a gun at a teller and demanded and received
money. The robber also pistol-whipped a customer who stood in his way as he made his
getaway from the bank. There were three victims: the bank (F = Financial Institution), the teller
(I = Individual), and the pistol-whipped customer (I = Individual). Therefore, agencies should
enter the appropriate codes into their respective Victim Segments.
Note: When the type of victim is L = Law Enforcement Officer, agencies must report Data
Elements 25A, 25B, and, if applicable, 25C. Agencies should report only the victim type of L =
Law Enforcement Officer when an officer is the victim of a murder/nonnegligent manslaughter
or an assault. For other types of crimes (such as Robbery), the victim type should be I =
Individual.
Data Elements 25A – 25C Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA)
LEAs should use Data Elements 25A, 25B, and 25C to report line-of-duty felonious killings and
assaults on sworn LEOs, who have full arrest powers. LEAs should report all assaults on officers,
with or without injuries.
Note: In April 2015, LEOKA included special role functions in its definition: “An individual
serving in the capacity of a LEO at the request of a LEA whose officers meet the current
collection criteria. The individual must be under the supervision of a certified LEO from the
requesting agency at the time of the incident but is not required to be in the physical presence
of the officer while he or she is working an assigned duty.”
Data Element 25A (Type of Officer Activity/Circumstance)
Data Element 25A—Type of Officer Activity/Circumstance—describes the type of activity that
the officer was engaged at the time he or she was assaulted or killed in the line of duty.
Valid Data Values
LEAs should enter only one per victim segment:
01 = Responding to Disturbance Call (family quarrels, person with firearm, etc.)
02 = Burglaries in Progress or Pursuing Burglary Suspects
03 = Robberies in Progress or Pursuing Robbery Suspects
04 = Attempting Other Arrests
05 = Civil Disorder (riot, mass disobedience)
06 = Handling, Transporting, Custody of Prisoners
07 = Investigating Suspicious Persons or Circumstances
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08 = Ambush, No Warning
09 = Handling Persons with Mental Illness
10 = Traffic Pursuits and Stops
11 = All Other
Data Element 25B (Officer Assignment Type)
LEAs should use Data Element 25B—Officer Assignment Type—to specify the officer’s type of
assignment at the time he/she sustained injury or died while on duty. Code F (Two-Officer
Vehicle) and codes G and H (One-Officer Vehicle Alone and Assisted, respectively) pertain to
uniformed officers; codes I and J (Detective or Special Assignment Alone and Assisted,
respectively) to non-uniformed officers; and codes K and L (Other Alone and Assisted,
respectively) to officers assaulted or killed while in other capacities, such as foot patrol or off
duty.
Valid Data Values
LEAs should enter only one per victim segment:
For Uniformed Law Enforcement Officers:
F = Two-Officer Vehicle
G = One-Officer Vehicle (Alone)
H = One-Officer Vehicle (Assisted)
For Non-Uniformed Officers:
I = Detective or Special Assignment (Alone)
J = Detective or Special Assignment (Assisted)
For Law Enforcement Officers Serving in Other Capacities (Foot patrol, Off duty, etc.):
K = Other (Alone)
L = Other (Assisted)
Note: The term “assisted” refers to LE assistance only.
Example 1
An agency dispatched a one-officer vehicle to the scene of a crime in progress. There were no
other units to back up the officer. The perpetrator, who had committed a Burglary, immediately
fired on the officer upon his arrival at the scene. The agency should report the incident as G =
One-Officer (Alone).
Example 2
An agency dispatched a one-officer vehicle to the scene of a crime in progress. Another one-
officer vehicle answered the call as well. While attempting to apprehend the individual, the
perpetrator punched one of the officers. The agency should code the incident as
H = One-Officer (Assisted).
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Data Element 25C (Officer – ORI Other Jurisdiction)
An ORI is the unique nine-character identifier that the NCIC has assigned to each agency. If a
perpetrator killed or assaulted a LEO who was on duty in a jurisdiction other than his/her own,
the LEA having jurisdiction where the incident occurred should report the LEO killed or
assaulted. The agency should use Data Element 25C to identify the ORI of the LEO’s agency. The
agency does not need to enter information in this data element if the officer is assaulted in
his/her own jurisdiction.
Example
On May 2, 2018, a perpetrator shot LEO. The officer was working in conjunction with a state
narcotics task force in a jurisdiction outside his own duty assignment while serving a warrant on
an individual known to be operating a methamphetamine lab. In reporting the incident, the
covering agency should use Data Element 25C (Officer – ORI Other Jurisdiction) because the
LEO was assaulted in the line of duty outside his regularly assigned jurisdiction.
Data Element 26 (Age of Victim)
Data Element 26—Age of Victim—indicates the age or age range of an individual (person) victim
in an incident when the crime occurred.
Valid Data Values
01 – 98 = Years Old
NN = Under 24 Hours
NB = 1 – 6 Days Old
BB = 7 – 364 Days Old
99 = Over 98 Years Old
00 = Unknown
Note: When the victim is a law enforcement officer, the only valid age range is 17-98.
Example 1
A 20-year-old female told police she was a victim of rape when she was 15 years old. The
correct reported age value for Data Element 26 is 15 = 15 Years Old.
Example 2
If a deceased male victim appeared to be a teenager, agencies could report the Age of Victim as
13 to 19 (i.e., 1319).
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Data Element 27 (Sex of Victim)
Data Element 27—Sex of Victim—indicates the gender of an individual (person) victim in an
incident.
Valid Data Values
F = Female
M = Male
U = Unknown
Data Element 28 (Race of Victim)
Data Element 28—Race of Victim—indicates the race of an individual (person) victim in an
incident.
Valid Data Values
W = White
B = Black or African American
I = American Indian or Alaska Native
A = Asian
P = Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
U = Unknown
The definitions of the racial designations are:
White—A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or
North Africa
Black or African American—A person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa
American Indian or Alaska Native—A person having origins in any of the original peoples of
North and South America (including Central America) and who maintains tribal affiliation or
community attachment
Asian—A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, the
Indian subcontinent including, for example, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia,
Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander—A person having origins in any of the original peoples
of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands, e.g., individuals who are Carolinian, Fijian,
Kosraean, Melanesian, Micronesian, Northern Mariana Islander, Palauan, Papua New Guinean,
Ponapean (Pohnpelan), Polynesian, Solomon Islander, Tahitian, Tarawa Islander, Tokelauan,
Tongan, Trukese (Chuukese), and Yapese.
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Note: The term “Native Hawaiian” does not include individuals who are native to the state of
Hawaii simply by virtue of being born there.
Data Element 29 (Ethnicity of Victim)
Data Element 29—Ethnicity of Victim—indicates the ethnicity of an individual (person) victim in
an incident. This is an optional data element.
Valid Data Values
H = Hispanic or Latino
N = Not Hispanic or Latino
U = Unknown
The ethnic designation of Hispanic or Latino includes persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban,
Central or South American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race.
Data Element 30 (Resident Status of Victim)
If the victim type entered in Data Element 25 (Type of Victim) was I = Individual, LEAs should
enter the person’s resident status (resident or nonresident) into Data Element 30 (Resident
Status of Victim). This is an optional data element.
Note: Resident status does not refer to the immigration or national citizenship status of the
individual. Instead, it identifies whether individuals are residents or nonresidents of the
jurisdiction that the incident occurred. It also enables agencies having a high transient
population to show their population at risk is higher than their official resident population.
A resident is a person who maintains his or her permanent home for legal purposes in the
locality (town, city, or community) where the crime took place. Reporting agencies should base
their determinations of residency on the town, city, or community where the crime occurred
rather than their broader geographical jurisdictions. For university/college campuses, only
persons living on campus (in dormitories, etc.) would be considered residents if victimized
within the confines of the school property; a campus LEA should report the crime.
Valid Data Values
N = Nonresident
R = Resident
U = Unknown
Example 1
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A victim was robbed in San Diego, California, where he resides; the agency should enter
R = Resident.
Example 2
The victim of a crime was a business. Because the victim was not an individual, the agency
should not use this data element.
Data Element 31 (Aggravated Assault/Homicide Circumstances)
Data Element 31 describes the circumstances of either an Aggravated Assault or a Homicide.
Therefore, LEAs should use it only with offenses of 13A = Aggravated Assault and
09A-09C = Homicide Offenses.
LEAs should base selections of circumstances on information known following their
investigation, not decisions of a grand jury, coroner’s inquest, or other agency outside LE. LEAs
should always select the most appropriate circumstances as determined by investigation.
Traffic fatalities associated with driving under the influence, distracted driving (using a
cell/smartphone, and reckless driving traffic fatalities are included as negligent manslaughters.
Accidental traffic fatalities, accidental deaths (not resulting from gross negligence), or deaths of
persons due to their own negligence are not to be included as Negligent Manslaughters. LEAs
should report information regarding all other Negligent Manslaughters regardless of actions to
prosecute.
Note: Data Value 06 now represents “Domestic Violence” data (see the definition of “Domestic
and Family Violence”)
Valid Data Values for 13A = Aggravated Assault and 09A = Murder and Nonnegligent
Manslaughter
LEAs may enter up to two circumstances per victim segment:
01 = Argument
02 = Assault on Law Enforcement Officer
03 = Drug Dealing
04 = Gangland (Organized Crime Involvement)
05 = Juvenile Gang
06 = Domestic Violence
07 = Mercy Killing (Not applicable to Aggravated Assault)
08 = Other Felony Involved
09 = Other Circumstances
10 = Unknown Circumstances
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Valid Data Values for 09B = Negligent Manslaughter
LEAs may enter one circumstance per victim segment:
30 = Child Playing With Weapon
31 = Gun-Cleaning Accident
32 = Hunting Accident
33 = Other Negligent Weapon Handling
34 = Other Negligent Killing
Note: When Negligent Manslaughter offenses are reported due to the offender driving under
the influence, driving distracted while using a cell/smartphone, or driving recklessly, the data
value 33 = Other Negligent Weapon Handling should be used.
Valid Data Values for 09C = Justifiable Homicide
LEAs can enter one circumstance per victim segment:
20 = Criminal Killed by Private Citizen
21 = Criminal Killed by Police Officer
06 Domestic and Family Violence
The use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force or a weapon; or the use of coercion
or intimidation; or committing a Crime Against Property by a current or former spouse, parent,
or guardian of the victim; a person with whom the victim shares a child in common; a person
who is or has been in a social relationship of a romantic or intimate nature with the victim; a
person who is cohabiting with or has cohabited with the victim as a spouse, parent, or
guardian; or by a person who is or has been similarly situated to a spouse, parent, or guardian
of the victim.
Example 1
Two juvenile street gangs fought over “turf rights” to sell drugs and a member of one gang
killed a member of the other gang. Possible entries are 01 = Argument, 03 = Drug Dealing, and
05 = Juvenile Gang. Even though all three would apply, there is a limit of two entries. Since the
agency should report the two most descriptive data values, it should report 03 = Drug Dealing
and 05 = Juvenile Gang.
Example 2
While resisting an arrest, a fugitive brandished a gun and fired twice in the direction of two
police officers who were attempting to take the fugitive into custody. Neither officer sustained
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injury, but both drew their weapons and returned fire, killing the fugitive. Because this was a
justifiable homicide, the agency should enter 21 = Criminal Killed by Police Officer.
Example 3
A police officer responded to a night time disturbance call at a single family residence. Upon
arriving at the scene, the officer knocked on the door. The door was answered by a man and a
woman. Over the course of several minutes of questioning, the officer learned the woman was
the renter of the home and the man was her ex-boyfriend. They had been arguing because the
ex-boyfriend wanted to take the victims lap top. When the victim said no, the ex-boyfriend
began throwing several objects around the house and ultimately struck the woman with a table
lamp, causing severe lacerations. Because this incident was domestic related and the offense
was aggravated assault, the agency should enter 06 = Domestic Violence
Example 4
A police officer responded to a report of gunshots at a convenience store. Upon arrival, the
officer found a crowd in front of the convenience store. He then entered the store to find a
male gunshot victim and the store clerk. The clerk reported the victim and a female entered
the store and had an argument that lasted several minutes. The female then shot the victim
with a handgun and fled the store. The victim was pronounced dead at the scene. The female
was apprehended several hours later and identified as the victim’s wife. Because this incident
is domestic related and the offense was murder, the agency should enter 06 = Domestic
Violence.
Data Element 32 (Additional Justifiable Homicide Circumstances)
Data Element 32—Additional Justifiable Homicide Circumstances—further describes the
circumstances of a Justifiable Homicide, i.e., when an agency enters either 20 = Criminal Killed
by Private Citizen or 21 = Criminal Killed by Police Officer into Data Element 31.
Valid Data Values
LEAs should enter one circumstance per victim segment:
A = Criminal Attacked Police Officer and That Officer Killed Criminal
B = Criminal Attacked Police Officer and Criminal Killed by Another Police Officer
C = Criminal Attacked a Civilian
D = Criminal Attempted Flight From a Crime
E = Criminal Killed in Commission of a Crime
F = Criminal Resisted Arrest
G = Unable to Determine/Not Enough Information
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Example
In the scenario given above in Example 2, while resisting an arrest, a fugitive brandished a gun
and fired twice in the direction of two police officers who were attempting to take him into
custody. Neither officer sustained injury, but both drew their weapons and returned fire, killing
the fugitive. This was a justifiable homicide; the LEA should report the incident as 21 = Criminal
Killed by Police Officer. Since the agency can report only one data value for the Additional
Justifiable Homicide Circumstance, it should submit the most descriptive data value. In this
case, the reporting agency should enter A = Criminal Attacked Police Officer and That Officer
Killed Criminal.
Data Element 33 (Type Injury)
When Data Element 25 (Type of Victim) is I = Individual and Data Element 6 (UCR Offense Code)
is one or more of the following offenses, LEAs should use Data Element 33 (Type Injury) to
describe the type of bodily injury that the victim suffered. LEAs can enter up to five Type Injury
per victim.
100 = Kidnapping/Abduction
11A = Rape
11B = Sodomy
11C = Sexual Assault With An Object
11D = Fondling
120 = Robbery
13A = Aggravated Assault
13B = Simple Assault
210 = Extortion/Blackmail
64A = Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts
64B = Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude
Valid Data Values
N = None
B = Apparent Broken Bones
I = Possible Internal Injury
L = Severe Laceration
M = Apparent Minor Injury
O = Other Major Injury
T = Loss of Teeth
U = Unconsciousness
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Example 1
The offender assaulted the victim with a tire iron, breaking the victim’s arm and making a
three-inch long and a one-inch deep cut on his back. The entries for the types of injuries should
be B = Apparent Broken Bones and L = Severe Laceration.
Example 2
Because the victim was a respected religious figure, the offender blackmailed the victim
regarding his sexual activities. Since he suffered no physical injury, the entry should be
N = None.
Data Element 34 (Offender Number to be Related)
LEAs should use Offender Number to be Related to enter the Offender Sequence Number
(found in Data Element 36) of each offender to be identified in Data Element 35 (Relationship of
Victim to Offender). Enter 00 = Unknown when Data Element 36 (Offender Sequence Number)
is 00 = Unknown Offender. When more than ten offenders are identified, LEAs should enter the
ten most closely related to the victim. This data element is mandatory when one or more of the
offenses reported in Data Element 24 (Victim Connected to UCR Offense Code) is a Crime
Against Person or a Crime Against Property:
Note: Reporting the relationship of victim to offender for Crime Against Property offenses is
only required for victims of I = Individual. These relationships are captured to show domestic
violence incident information.
09A = Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter
09B = Negligent Manslaughter
09C = Justifiable Homicide (Not a Crime)
100 = Kidnapping/Abduction
11A = Rape
11B = Sodomy
11C = Sexual Assault With An Object
11D = Fondling
120 = Robbery
13A = Aggravated Assault
13B = Simple Assault
13C = Intimidation
200 = Arson
210 = Extortion/Blackmail
220 = Burglary/Breaking & Entering
23A = Pocket-picking
23B = Purse-snatching
23C = Shoplifting
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23D = Theft From Building
23E = Theft From Coin-Operated Machine or Device
23F = Theft From Motor Vehicle
23G = Theft of Motor Vehicle Parts or Accessories
23H = All Other Larceny
240 = Motor Vehicle Theft
250 = Counterfeiting/Forgery
26A = False Pretenses/Swindle/Confidence Game
26B = Credit Card/Automated Teller Machine Fraud
26C = Impersonation
26D = Welfare Fraud
26E = Wire Fraud
26F = Identity Theft
26G = Hacking/Computer Invasion
270 = Embezzlement
280 = Stolen Property Offenses
290 = Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of Property
36A = Incest
36B = Statutory Rape
510 = Bribery
64A = Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts
64B = Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude
Valid Data Values
01 – 99
00 = Unknown Offender
Example
Three offenders assaulted a victim. The agency should report three data values in Data
Element 34 (Offender Number to be Related) (i.e., 01, 02, 03).
Data Element 35 (Relationship of Victim to Offender)
The agency should use Data Element 35—Relationship of Victim to Offender—along with Data
Element 34 (Offender Number to be Related), to report the relationship of the victim to the
offender(s) who perpetrated a Crime Against Person or a Crime Against Property.
Note: Reporting the relationship of victim to offender for Crime Against Property offenses is
only required for victims of I = Individual. These relationships are captured to show domestic
violence incident information.
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When the LEA identifies more than ten offenders, the LEA should enter the ten most closely
related to the victim.
This data element is mandatory when one or more of the offenses reported in Data Element 24
(Victim Connected to UCR Offense Code) is a Crime Against Person or a Crime Against Property
and Data Element 36 (Offender Sequence Number) is other than 00 = Unknown.
09A = Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter
09B = Negligent Manslaughter
09C = Justifiable Homicide (Not a Crime)
100 = Kidnapping/Abduction
11A = Rape
11B = Sodomy
11C = Sexual Assault With An Object
11D = Fondling
120 = Robbery
13A = Aggravated Assault
13B = Simple Assault
13C = Intimidation
200 = Arson
210 = Extortion/Blackmail
220 = Burglary/Breaking & Entering
23A = Pocket-picking
23B = Purse-snatching
23C = Shoplifting
23D = Theft From Building
23E = Theft From Coin-Operated Machine or Device
23F = Theft From Motor Vehicle
23G = Theft of Motor Vehicle Parts or Accessories
23H = All Other Larceny
240 = Motor Vehicle Theft
250 = Counterfeiting/Forgery
26A = False Pretenses/Swindle/Confidence Game
26B = Credit Card/Automated Teller Machine Fraud
26C = Impersonation
26D = Welfare Fraud
26E = Wire Fraud
26F = Identity Theft
26G = Hacking/Computer Invasion
270 = Embezzlement
280 = Stolen Property Offenses
290 = Destruction/Damage/Vandalism of Property
36A = Incest
36B = Statutory Rape
510 = Bribery
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64A = Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts
64B = Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude
Valid Data Values
LEAs should enter up to ten per victim:
Within Family
SE = Victim Was Spouse
CS = Victim Was Common-Law Spouse
PA = Victim Was Parent
SB = Victim Was Sibling (brother or sister)
CH = Victim Was Child
GP = Victim Was Grandparent
GC = Victim Was Grandchild
IL = Victim Was In-law
SP = Victim Was Stepparent
SC = Victim Was Stepchild
SS = Victim Was Stepsibling (stepbrother or stepsister)
OF = Victim Was Other Family Member
Outside Family But Known to Victim
AQ = Victim Was Acquaintance
FR = Victim Was Friend
NE = Victim Was Neighbor
BE = Victim Was the Baby/Child in the care of a Babysitter
BG = Victim Was Boyfriend/Girlfriend
CF = Victim Was Child of Boyfriend or Girlfriend
XS = Victim Was Ex-Spouse
XR = Ex-Relationship (Ex-boyfriend/ex-girlfriend)
EE = Victim Was Employee
ER = Victim Was Employer
OK = Victim Was Otherwise Known
Not Known By Victim
RU = Relationship Unknown
ST = Victim Was Stranger
Other
VO = Victim Was Offender
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The agency should use the Victim Was Offender category when a participant in the incident was
a victim and offender in the incident, such as domestic disputes where both husband and wife
are charged with assault, double murders (two people kill each other), or barroom brawls
where many participants are arrested.
When reporting these data, the LEA should keep in mind they should report the relationship of
the victim to each offender.
Note: Not Known by Victim Clarification – Unknown is to be used when the relationship
between the victim and offender has not been established. Stranger is used when it is known
the victim did not know the offender.
Example 1
A fraternity was hosting a party when an altercation broke out. A fraternity brother and nine
acquaintances physically assaulted the victim. The LEA should enter the information for the
brother and nine of the offenders who were acquaintances.
Example 2
An employee assaulted his employer with his fists. The LEA should report
ER = Victim Was Employer.
Example 3
Two unknown subjects wearing masks and gloves rob a male and female couple. The victims
could not identify the age, sex, and race of the subjects. The LEA should report
RU = Relationship Unknown to indicate the relationship of each victim to each offender.
Data Element 36 (Offender Sequence Number)
The reporting agency should assign each offender in an incident a sequence number from
01 to 99 using Data Element 36. If the agency knows nothing about the offender(s), the agency
should report 00 = Unknown Offender.
Valid Data Values
01 – 99
00 = Unknown Offender
Note: If an LEA has already assigned sequence numbers because the offenders perpetrated a
Crime Against Person or Robbery, the LEA must use the same numbers.
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Example 1
An LEA investigated an incident involving a corpse with five bullet holes who was found in an
abandoned warehouse. There were no witnesses to the crime or suspects. Data Element 36
(Offender Sequence Number) should contain 00 = Unknown Offender.
Example 2
A witness saw two offenders fleeing the scene of a Burglary, but because the burglars were
wearing ski masks, the witness could not determine their age, sex, or race. The reporting
agency should enter offender information for both offendersData Element 36 (Offender
Sequence Number), that contain 01 and 02, and LEAs should report applicable data values in
Data Elements 37 (Age of Offender), Data Element 38 (Sex of Offender), and Data Element 39
(Race of Offender) for each offender.
Data Element 37 (Age of Offender)
Data Element 37—Age of Offender—indicates the age or age range of an offender in an incident.
Valid Data Values
01 – 98 = Years Old
99 = Over 98 Years Old
00 = Unknown
Example
If the victim or a witness reported the offender’s age as between 25 and 30 years old, the LEA
should report 2530 (i.e., 25 to 30 years old) into Data Element 37 (Age of Offender).
Data Element 38 (Sex of Offender)
Data Element 38—Sex of Offender—indicates the gender of an offender in an incident.
Valid Data Values
F = Female
M = Male
U = Unknown
Data Element 39 (Race of Offender)
Data Element 39—Race of Offender—indicates the race of an offender in an incident.
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Valid Data Values
W = White
B = Black or African American
I = American Indian or Alaska Native
A = Asian
P = Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
U = Unknown
The definitions of the racial designations are:
White—A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or
North Africa.
Black or African American—A person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa.
American Indian or Alaska Native—A person having origins in any of the original peoples of
North and South America (including Central America) and who maintains tribal affiliation or
community attachment.
Asian—A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, the
Indian subcontinent including, for example, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia,
Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander—A person having origins in any of the original peoples
of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands, e.g., individuals who are Carolinian, Fijian,
Kosraean, Melanesian, Micronesian, Northern Mariana Islander, Palauan, Papua New Guinean,
Ponapean (Pohnpelan), Polynesian, Solomon Islander, Tahitian, Tarawa Islander, Tokelauan,
Tongan, Trukese (Chuukese), and Yapese.
Note: The term “Native Hawaiian” does not include individuals who are native to the state of
Hawaii simply by virtue of being born there.
Data Element 39A (Ethnicity of Offender)
Data Element 39A—Ethnicity of Offender—indicates the ethnicity of an offender in an incident.
This is an optional data element.
Valid Data Values
H = Hispanic or Latino
N = Not Hispanic or Latino
U = Unknown
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The ethnic designation of Hispanic or Latino includes persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban,
Central or South American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race.
Data Element 40 (Arrestee Sequence Number)
The LEA should assign each arrestee reported in a Group A Incident Report or Group B Arrest
Report a sequence number (Data Element 40) from 01 to 99.
Example
If two persons were arrested in connection with a Group A offense, the LEA should report two
sets of arrest information.
Data Element 41 (Arrest Transaction Number)
An LEA assigns an Arrest Transaction Number (Data Element 41) to an arrest report to uniquely
identify the arrest report. The Arrest Transaction Number may be the incident number of the
previously reported incident relating to the arrest or a separate arrest transaction number. The
number may be up to 12 characters in length.
For Group B offenses, LEAs may report data about multiple arrestees under the same Arrest
Transaction Number. The FBI will use ORI, Arrest Transaction Number, and the Arrestee
Sequence Number to uniquely identify the arrestees.
If and when data about the arrest are furnished to an authorized entity for research purposes,
the Arrest (Transaction) Number will be encrypted by the FBI prior to its dissemination to
ensure that the recipient cannot identify the actual case. Local and state agencies may also
encrypt their Arrest (Transaction) Numbers before submitting them to the FBI.
Data Element 42 (Arrest Date)
The Arrest Date (Data Element 42) is the date (year, month, and day [YYYYMMDD]) of an arrest.
Data Element 43 (Type of Arrest)
LEAs should use Data Element 43 to indicate the type of apprehension (at the time of initial
contact with the arrestee).
Valid Data Values
LEA should enter only one per arrestee:
O = On-View Arrest (apprehension without a warrant or previous incident report)
S = Summoned/Cited (not taken into custody)
T = Taken Into Custody (based on a warrant and/or previously submitted incident report)
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Example 1
An LEA without a warrant arrested a woman who was soliciting for prostitution on a street
corner. The agency should enter O = On-View Arrest.
Example 2
An officer served a man with a subpoena summoning him to appear in court. The agency should
enter S = Summoned/Cited.
Example 3
A citizen filed a complaint. The LEA then investigated the incident and, based on a warrant, took
the offender into custody. The LEA should report T = Taken Into Custody for Type of Arrest.
Data Element 44 (Multiple Arrestee Segments Indicator)
The Multiple Arrestee Segments Indicator (Data Element 44) ensures that an LEA counts the
arrestee only once when the arrest is related to multiple incidents.
The reporting agency should enter C = Count Arrestee for one incident in the Multiple Arrestee
Segments Indicator and M = Multiple in this data element for all of the remaining incidents. If a
suspect’s arrest did not clear additional incidents, the entry should be N = Not Applicable.
Valid Data Values
LEAs should enter only one per arrestee per incident:
C = Count Arrestee
M = Multiple
N = Not Applicable
Example
After an LEA apprehended a robbery suspect, the LEA learned that the suspect was also
responsible for five additional robberies within the jurisdiction. The agency should enter
C = Count Arrestee for the robbery using the Multiple Arrestee Segments Indicator and
M = Multiple in this data element for all of the remaining robberies.
Data Element 45 (UCR Arrest Offense Code)
The UCR Arrest Offense Code (Data Element 45) identifies the offense for which the LEA
arrested an offender. An LEA can arrest an offender for any of the Group A or Group B offenses
except 09C = Justifiable Homicide. If an LEA apprehends an arrestee for more than one offense,
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the reporting agency must determine the most serious offense and enter it as the arrest
offense.
An agency can report a Group B offense for Group A Incident Reports, as long as the reporting
agency determined that the Group B offense was the most serious arrest offense. Any arrest
(regardless of arrest offense reported) made in connection with a Group A incident will result in
its clearance.
Example 1
If an LEA arrests an offender for both robbery and murder, they should report
09A = Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter, the more serious offense.
Example 2
An LEA arrests an offender for DUI, a Group B offense. They subsequently determined the
arrestee had been involved in a previously reported Robbery. The LEA should report the arrest
offense for the robbery as 90D = Driving Under the Influence. The agency would not have to
submit a Group B Arrest Report.
Data Element 46 (Arrestee Was Armed With)
An agency should use Data Element 46 to indicate whether they arrested an offender in
possession of a commonly known weapon at the time of his or her arrest.
Valid Data Values
LEAs may enter up to two:
01 = Unarmed
11 = Firearm (type not stated)
12 = Handgun
13 = Rifle
14 = Shotgun
15 = Other Firearm
16 = Lethal Cutting Instrument (e.g., switchblade knife or martial arts stars)
17 = Club/Blackjack/Brass Knuckles
Note: The FBI defines an automatic firearm as any firearm that shoots, or is designed to shoot,
more than one shot at a time by a single pull of the trigger without manual reloading. If the
weapon was an automatic firearm, an A should be reported in the Automatic Weapon
Indicator, e.g., 13A = Automatic Rifle. Do not include semi-automatic as an automatic weapon.
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Example 1
When an LEA arrested a man, he had in his possession a .357-caliber revolver and a penknife.
The entry should be 12 = Handgun. Because LE does not generally consider a small pocket knife
to be a weapon (unless used in that manner), the LEA should not report it.
Example 2
An LEA arrested a female who resisted the arrest using a liquor bottle and a chair as weapons
before being subdued. The entry should be 01 = Unarmed. Although the subject used items as
weapons, the FBI does not consider the weapons used in this incident as weapons that are
commonly in possession of.
Data Element 47 (Age of Arrestee)
Data Element 47—Age of Arrestee—indicates the age or age range of an arrestee in an incident.
Valid Data Values
01 – 98 = Years Old
99 = Over 98 Years Old
00 = Unknown
Example 1
The arrestee refused to give his date of birth at time of arrest, but he appeared to be between
35 and 40 years old. The LEA can report either 00 = Unknown or 3540 (i.e., 35 to 40 years old).
Data Element 48 (Sex of Arrestee)
Data Element 48—Sex of Arrestee—indicates the gender of an arrestee in an incident.
Valid Data Values
F = Female
M = Male
Data Element 49 (Race of Arrestee)
Data Element 49—Race of Arrestee—indicates the race of an arrestee in an incident.
Valid Data Values
W = White
B = Black or African American
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I = American Indian or Alaska Native
A = Asian
P = Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
U = Unknown
The definitions of the racial designations are:
White—A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or
North Africa.
Black or African American—A person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa.
American Indian or Alaska Native—A person having origins in any of the original peoples of
North and South America (including Central America) and who maintains tribal affiliation or
community attachment.
Asian—A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, the
Indian subcontinent including, for example, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia,
Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander—A person having origins in any of the original peoples
of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands, e.g., individuals who are Carolinian, Fijian,
Kosraean, Melanesian, Micronesian, Northern Mariana Islander, Palauan, Papua New Guinean,
Ponapean (Pohnpelan), Polynesian, Solomon Islander, Tahitian, Tarawa Islander, Tokelauan,
Tongan, Trukese (Chuukese), and Yapese.
Note: The term “Native Hawaiian” does not include individuals who are native to the state of
Hawaii simply by virtue of being born there.
Data Element 50 (Ethnicity of Arrestee)
Data Element 50—Ethnicity of Arrestee—indicates the ethnicity of an arrestee in an incident.
This is an optional data element.
Valid Data Values
H = Hispanic or Latino
N = Not Hispanic or Latino
U = Unknown
The ethnic designation of Hispanic or Latino includes persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban,
Central or South American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race.
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Data Element 51 (Resident Status of Arrestee)
LEAs should use Data Element 51—Resident Status of Arrestee—to indicate whether the
arrestee was a resident or nonresident of the jurisdiction that the incident occurred. This is an
optional data element.
Valid Data Values
N = Nonresident
R = Resident
U = Unknown
Note: Resident Status does not refer to the immigration or national citizenship status of the
individual. Instead, it identifies whether individuals are residents or nonresidents of the
jurisdiction in which the incident occurred. It also enables agencies having a high transient
population to show their population at risk is higher than their official resident population.
A resident is a person who maintains his or her permanent home for legal purposes in the
locality (town, city, or community) where the crime took place. Reporting agencies should base
their determinations of residency on the town, city, or community where the crime occurred
rather than their broader geographical jurisdictions. For university/college campuses, only
persons living on campus (in dormitories, etc.) would be considered residents if victimized
within the confines of the school property; a campus LEA should report the crime.
Example 1
A man was arrested for a crime that occurred in Phoenix, Arizona, and the arrestee maintained
his legal residence in the city; therefore, the entry should be R = Resident.
Example 2
The crime occurred in Washington, D.C., but the arrestee maintained his legal residence in
Alexandria, Virginia. The entry should be N = Nonresident.
Data Element 52 (Disposition of Arrestee Under 18)
LEAs should use Data Element 52—Disposition of Arrestee Under 18—to report the nature of
an arrestee’s detention if the arrestee was 17 years of age or younger at the time of the arrest.
The word arrest as it applies to juveniles is intended to mean the LE handling of those juveniles
who have committed a crime and are taken into custody under such circumstances that, if the
juvenile were an adult, an arrest would have been reported.
Depending on the seriousness of the offense and the offender’s prior criminal record, this may
include a warning by the police with the juvenile being released to parents, relatives, friends, or
guardians. Or, LEAs may refer juveniles to the probation department or some other branch of
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the juvenile court; to welfare agencies; to other LEAs; or, in the case of serious offenders, to
criminal or adult court by waiver of juvenile court. Therefore, LEAs should include not only
arrests in the usual sense, but an LEA should report any situation where they handle/process a
young person for a violation of the law, in lieu of an actual arrest (e.g., summons, citation, or
notification to appear before a juvenile or youth court or similar authority).
Agencies should not record incidents of police contacts with juveniles where no offense has
been committed (e.g., instructing children to move their ballgame from the street to the
playground) and instances where juveniles are taken into custody for their own protection (i.e.,
the juvenile’s welfare is endangered). In addition, LEAs should not report as arrests callbacks or
follow-up contacts with young offenders by officers for the purpose of determining their
progress, since the FBI intends these statistics to measure LE problems, not juvenile court
activity.
Valid Data Values
Regarding dispositions of individuals under age 18, LEAs should enter only one per arrestee:
H = Handled Within Department (released to parents, released with warning, etc.)
R = Referred to Other Authorities (turned over to juvenile court, probation department, welfare
agency, other police agency, criminal or adult court, etc.)
Juvenile Arrest Reporting
The FBI UCR Program does not collect the identities of individuals. Therefore, laws or
regulations pertaining to the confidential treatment of the identity of juvenile offenders do not
preclude the collection of arrest information for FBI UCR Program purposes or an agency’s
administrative use.
In a situation where juvenile records are not readily available because the LEA keeps them in a
juvenile bureau, youth bureau, or other special office, statistical compilation problems involving
juveniles can normally be resolved in one of the following ways:
1. The agency can route the arrest report (or copy) by juvenile or youth offices through the
main records operation so they can retrieve the necessary information.
2. The agency can route a statistical slip showing the required NIBRS information, but not the
name of the juvenile, to the employee who prepares NIBRS arrestee reports.
Example 1
An LEA arrested a 13-year-old for vandalizing a school and released the juvenile to his parents
with a warning. The entry should be H = Handled Within Department.
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Example 2
An LEA arrested a 17-year-old for murder and turned the juvenile over to the adult court for
trial as an adult. The entry should be R = Referred to Other Authorities.
5 Processes and Procedures
5.1 Implementation Procedures
This section addresses current management considerations at the agency (both UCR Program
and local LEA) and national levels for implementing conversion from the SRS to an incident-
based reporting (IBR) system. In the interim, submitting the SRS along with NIBRS data is
required until an agency is fully certified for NIBRS reporting. Following transition of the UCR
Program to a NIBRS-only data collection (that is, January 1, 2021), LEAs will no longer be
required to submit SRS data during the certification process.
General Information
When an agency has implemented an IBR system that meets the criteria established in the UCR
NIBRS IEPD or NIBRS Technical Specification, the agency’s next step is to begin submitting data
to the FBI UCR Program. When an agency initially submits data to the FBI, the Crime Statistics
Management Unit (CSMU) evaluates the data based on the standards indicated in 5.2, NIBRS
Certification Process. The FBI considers all data from these NIBRS submissions as “test data”
and the data are not included in the official FBI UCR Program database until all processing
problems are resolved.
The agency must ensure that it has automated procedures (e.g., error handling, identifying
incidents it will submit) in place before testing with the FBI UCR Program. The testing phase
provides an opportunity for the participating agency to understand and experience NIBRS
submission process.
Agencies Converting from SRS to NIBRS
To resolve data processing issues, the agency may need to make several submissions to
complete the testing phase. During this time, the agency should continue to send SRS data until
the FBI certifies that the agency is a NIBRS data contributor. If this is not feasible, the agency
must make specific arrangements with the FBI to avoid data loss in SRS. Once the agency has
met each criterion of the NIBRS certification process, the FBI will provide a date when the
agency will begin to officially initiate NIBRS submissions. After that date, the agency will no
longer need to submit data via SRS.
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Duplicate Submission for Crime Incidents Must Be Prevented
When an agency is ready to submit data via NIBRS, they must ensure they do not submit NIBRS
data for crime data collected prior to converting to NIBRS (previously reported via SRS). For
example, if an agency begins NIBRS reporting in June, the agency must ensure they do not
report data for months before June via NIBRS.
The only updates to SRS data prior to an agency’s NIBRS conversion are exceptional clearances,
arrests, and recovered property. The FBI established guidelines regarding how to report
exceptional clearances, arrests, and recovered property in those instances when the agency
does not maintain the original incident report. With the official start of NIBRS reporting for an
agency, supplemental reporting will occur for previously submitted crime data in SRS.
Agency Must Begin Submitting NIBRS Data on the First Day of a Month
The UCR Program should ensure an agency begins NIBRS submissions only on the first day of a
given month; LEAs must not begin NIBRS submissions on any other day. This is the NIBRS
reporting start date. Use of this start date will eliminate both agency and FBI computer systems
needing to process both SRS and NIBRS data if an agency would implement NIBRS sometime
during a month (e.g., May 1-18 for the SRS and May 19-31 for NIBRS).
Monitoring the Certification Policy
The NIBRS coordinator administers the NIBRS certification policy. The NIBRS coordinator
communicates with an agency under review when the agency has attained certification or
when the agency needs to take additional steps to obtain certification.
The NIBRS coordinator tracks the status of states and agencies undergoing the NIBRS
certification process. Following certification, states and agencies must maintain the data
quality standards. The FBI UCR Program maintains the state and agency NIBRS certification
records.
Note: The NIBRS Coordinator serves as a cooperative liaison with personnel both internal and
external to the FBI for the purposes of managing NIBRS issues with the CJIS APB, ASUCRP, the
Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), and federal law enforcement agencies. The NIBRS Coordinator
functions as an integral element of the NIBRS certification process, working closely with data
contributors and partner organizations to increase NIBRS participation and maintain data
quality following certification.
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5.2 NIBRS Certification Process
The FBI UCR Program deems a UCR Program or the LEA NIBRS Certified when the incident-
based data they submitted for NIBRS certification has passed the NIBRS certification criteria.
“NIBRS Certified” simply means the data submitted during the NIBRS certification process was
consistent with FBI UCR Program standards, and the FBI will accept NIBRS data submissions
from the state UCR Program or the LEA and will be included in the national database.
The UCR Program expects contributing agencies to satisfy the NIBRS certification criteria as
defined to become certified. In addition, LEAs must also demonstrate their ability to comply
with the four standards for state UCR Programs identified in Section 1.3, UCR Programs
Standards, in this manual. The UCR Program considers these standards essential for NIBRS
certification.
Until a UCR Program or LEA agency attains NIBRS-certified status, it is essential that they
continue to submit SRS data along with their NIBRS data submitted for certification.
NIBRS Certification Criteria
The FBI uses the following criteria to grant a UCR program or LEA NIBRS certification:
1. System Appropriateness
A UCR Program or LEA must provide evidence its NIBRS-reporting system is compatible
with FBI UCR Program system and follows NIBRS technical specifications. A state UCR
Program or LEA seeking NIBRS certification must submit its incident-based system’s
description including submission structure, crime categories, segment relationships,
number of offenses collected per incident, and data values allowed per data element.
The FBI will review this document for program design and concept.
2. Update Capability and Responsiveness
A UCR Program or LEA must demonstrate its ability to update submissions, meet
deadlines, respond to FBI queries and requests, and correct errors received from FBI
UCR Program in a timely manner. A UCR Program or LEA must, at a minimum, maintain
a 2-year database of NIBRS submissions (retention period) and have the capability to
update incidents from the previous calendar year.
3. Error Rate
Data submissions must be logical and consistent. The FBI measures logic by the
percentage of Group A Incident Report submissions containing an error. The FBI defines
the error rate as the number of rejected reports over the number of reports submitted.
The FBI requires a sustained error rate of 4 percent or less for three separate data
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submissions. The listing of error definitions are included in the NIBRS Technical
Specification.
4. Statistical Reasonableness
Data submissions must be statistically reasonable as a whole (in comparison to national
trends). While the error rate assesses the existence of logical mechanical flaws in the
data, it does not address data in the aggregate. FBI UCR Program evaluates aggregate
data submissions in terms of percent distribution, data trend, volume, and monthly
fluctuations.
5.3 Quality Assurance Review (QAR) Process
The UCR QAR is an assessment of a federal/state UCR Program and its compliance to the FBI
UCR Program’s standards of reporting. This review is conducted to further ensure the accuracy
of reported statistics to the FBI UCR Program. QARs are administered by the CJIS Audit Unit
(CAU) of the FBI CJIS Division, on a triennial cycle of federal/state UCR Programs with law
enforcement agencies (LEAs) reporting data according to NIBRS specifications. The QAR occurs
remotely, requiring reviews to be conducted from the CJIS Division rather than on-site at the
federal/state UCR Program and/or local LEA.
The QAR consists of three phases:
• Administrative Interview—The CAU staff learns how the federal/state UCR Program
and/or local LEA submits incidents and whether data submitted adhere to FBI UCR
Program standards.
• Data Quality Review—Local LEAs incidents reported to the FBI UCR Program are
randomly selected for review by a computer-generated query. The CAU staff reviews
LEA case file documentation to include the officer’s narrative and any information
deemed supplemental to determine compliance with FBI UCR Program standards.
• Exit Briefing—The CAU staff provides an exit briefing to the federal/state UCR Program
and/or local LEA, which summarizes the QAR findings from the administrative interview
and the data quality review.
After the CAU staff completes these phases, the staff prepares the draft report known as the
Review Findings letter and sends it via email to the federal/state UCR Program manager and the
CSO.
The federal/state UCR Program manager will be requested to respond within 60 days to any
recommendations identified within the Review Findings letter. At that time, the draft Review
Findings letter will be reissued as final by the CAU, to include the response received from the
federal/state UCR Program manager, and will be resent to the federal/state UCR Program
manager and CSO.
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The CAU staff presents all final findings of federal/state UCR Programs to the UCR
Subcommittee which meets twice a year.
Training and Education
To ensure uniformity in the submission of data and further enhance the quality of the data the
FBI UCR Program releases, the FBI has trainers who provide instruction for LEAs participating in
the FBI UCR Program. The trainers furnish general training courses in procedures and
guidelines for data collections within the program. The trainers are available via e-mail
([email protected]) to provide LEAs with answers to specific questions regarding
classification, as well as other questions about the FBI UCR Program.
The NIBRS coordinator supports agencies that contribute data via NIBRS. The NIBRS
coordinator assists agencies seeking NIBRS certification, works to increase NIBRS participation,
and is available to answer questions or address issues. For assistance with NIBRS, email UCR-
NIBRS@fbi.gov.
6 APPENDIX A – History of the FBI UCR Program and NIBRS
6.1 The FBI UCR Program
Recognizing a need for national crime statistics, the IACP formed the Committee on Uniform
Crime Records in the 1920s to develop a system of uniform crime statistics. In 1929, after
studying various facets of crime, assessing state criminal codes, and evaluating recordkeeping
practices, the Committee completed a plan for crime reporting that became the foundation of
the FBI UCR Program. The plan included standardized offense definitions for seven main
classifications of crime to gauge fluctuations in the overall volume and rate of crime. The seven
classifications were the violent crimes of murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, rape,
robbery, and aggravated assault and the property crimes of burglary, larceny/theft, and motor
vehicle theft. By congressional mandate, the UCR Program added arson as the eighth major
offense in 1979.
In January 1930, 400 cities representing 20 million inhabitants in 43 states began participating
in the FBI UCR Program. The same year, the IACP was instrumental in gaining congressional
approval that authorized the FBI to serve as the national clearinghouse for statistical
information on crime. Since then, the nation’s LEAs have provided the FBI UCR Program with
data based on uniform classifications and procedures for reporting.
6.2 Redesign of UCR
Although the FBI UCR Program remained virtually unchanged throughout the years in terms of
the data collected and disseminated, by the 1980s a broad utility had evolved for UCR
information. Recognizing the need for improved statistics, LE called for a thorough evaluative
study to modernize the UCR Program. The FBI concurred with the need for an updated program
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and lent its complete support, formulating a comprehensive three-phase redesign effort. The
BJS, the Department of Justice agency responsible for funding criminal justice information
projects, agreed to underwrite the first two phases. These phases, which would be conducted
by an independent contractor, Abt Associates Inc. of Cambridge, Massachusetts, would
determine what, if any, changes should be made to the current program. The third phase would
involve implementation of the changes identified.
In 1982, contractors began phase I by examining the historical evolution of the FBI UCR
Program. The study included all aspects of the program—the objectives and intended user
audience, data issues, reporting mechanisms, quality control issues, publications and user
services, and relationships with other criminal justice data systems. In 1984, contractors
launched phase II of the redesign effort by examining the potential of UCR and its future role.
Throughout phase I and phase II, stakeholders reviewed study findings, discussed the
contractor’s suggestions, and proposed various revisions to the contractor’s report. These
stakeholders included the FBI, the BJS, a joint committee on UCR with members from the IACP
and the NSA, a steering committee comprised of individuals representing various disciplines,
and attendees from two national UCR Conferences.
The group released a final report, the Blueprint for the Future of the Uniform Crime Reporting
Program (Blueprint), in May 1985. It specifically outlined three recommended areas of
enhancement to expand and improve the FBI UCR Program to meet future informational needs.
First, agencies would use an incident-based system to report offenses and arrests. Second, the
FBI UCR Program would collect data on two levels, and third, the FBI UCR Program would
introduce a quality assurance program.
In January 1986, the FBI began phase III of the redesign effort guided by the general
recommendations set forth in the Blueprint. The FBI awarded a contract to develop new
offense definitions and data elements (incident details) and to develop the guidelines and
design specifications for implementing the new incident-based system. Though the FBI UCR
staff oversaw the direction of the project, the FBI collaborated with the ASUCRP, the IACP, the
National Alliance of State Drug Enforcement Agencies, the Drug Enforcement Administration,
and various federal, state, and local criminal justice agencies.
Concurrent with preparing the data elements, the FBI studied various state systems to select an
experimental site for implementing the redesigned program. Chosen for its long-standing
incident-based UCR Program and its willingness to adapt it to the FBI UCR Program’s
specifications, the South Carolina Law Enforcement Division (SLED) enlisted the cooperation of
nine local LEAs, representing in relative terms the small, medium, and large departments in
South Carolina, to participate in the project. To assist SLED with the pilot project, FBI personnel
developed automated data capture specifications to adapt the SLED’s state system to the FBI
UCR Program’s standards, and the BJS funded the revisions. The pilot demonstration ran from
March 1, 1987, until September 30, 1987, and resulted in further refinement of the guidelines
and specifications.
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The FBI held a national UCR Conference on March 1-3, 1988, in Orange Beach, Alabama, to
present the new system to LE and obtain feedback on its acceptability. Attendees of the
national UCR Conference passed three overall recommendations without dissent: first, a new
incident-based national crime reporting system be established; second, the FBI manage this
program; and third, an APB composed of LE executives be formed to assist in directing and
implementing the new program. Furthermore, attendees recommended the implementation of
national incident-based reporting proceed at a pace commensurate with the resources and
limitations of contributing LEAs.
6.3 Establishing and Developing NIBRS
From March 1988 through January 1989, the FBI proceeded in developing and assuming
management of the new UCR system, and by April 1989, the FBI UCR Program received the first
test tape of NIBRS data. Over the course of the next few years, the UCR Program published
information about the redesigned program in five documents:
1. Data Collection Guidelines—A system overview with descriptions of the offenses, offense
codes, reports, data elements, and data values.
2. Data Submission Specifications—Data layouts for use by state and local systems personnel
responsible for preparing magnetic media for submission to the FBI.
3. Approaches to Implementing an Incident-Based System—A guide for system designers.
4. Error Message Manual—Designations of mandatory and optional data elements, data
element edits, and error messages.
5. Uniform Crime Reporting Handbook, NIBRS Edition—A nontechnical program overview
focused on the definitions, policies, and procedures of NIBRS.
These documents are no longer available, as they have been combined into this document and
the NIBRS Technical Specification.
As originally established, NIBRS used 52 data elements to collect a wide variety of crime data
via six types of data segments: administrative, offense, victim, property, offender, and arrestee.
The use of the segments and their respective data values (codes assigned for permitted entries)
depended upon whether the offender’s crime fit into the Group A or
Group B offense categories.
To provide state and local agencies with a stable system to implement, the FBI made the
commitment in the late 1980s to hold all recommended system changes to NIBRS in abeyance
until a substantial amount of contributors implemented the system. Agreement was reached
not to make several changes so LEAs could implement a program that was not continuously
changing. However, to meet crime’s growing challenges, lawmakers required the following
modifications to NIBRS:
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• Hate Crime Statistics Data—Following Congress’ passage of the Hate Crime Statistics Act of
1990, the FBI added a new data element to NIBRS to indicate whether or not the offense
being reported was motivated by a bias against race, religion, ethnicity/national origin, or
sexual orientation, and, if so, what kind. The Violent Crime and Law Enforcement Act of
1994 amended the Hate Crime Statistics Act to include bias against persons with disabilities.
The Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crime Prevention Act mandated the
collection of bias-motivated gender and gender identity information, and crimes committed
by and against juveniles. In addition, the FBI UCR Program now collects up to five bias
motivations per offense type. The FBI UCR Program began accepting this data on January 1,
2013. On June 5, 2013, the CJIS APB approved a motion to modify the UCR Program’s Hate
Crime data collection procedures to begin collecting seven new religions (anti-Buddhist,
anti-Eastern Orthodox, anti-Hindu, anti-Jehovah’s Witness, anti-Mormon, anti-Other
Christian, and anti-Sikh), as well as an anti-Arab bias motivation. The collection of these new
categories began on January 1, 2015.
• Gang Activity Indicator—In response to another Congressional mandate in 1997, the FBI
expanded an existing data element to indicate whether or not the type of criminal activity
being reported was associated with gang violence. The added data values allowed for
juvenile gang entries as well as general gang associations.
• Cargo Theft Indicator—The USA Patriot Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005
mandated the FBI to collect cargo theft data, and the FBI began accepting test data on
January 1, 2010.
• Human Trafficking—The William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization
Act of 2008 (TVPRA, 28 U.S.C. § 534) signed into law on December 23, 2008, reauthorized
the Trafficking Victims’ Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA, 22 U.S.C. § 7102) and required the FBI
UCR Program to collect and classify the crime of Human Trafficking as a Part I (SRS) and
Group A (NIBRS) offense in UCR, establish subcategories for state sex crimes, and
distinguish between incidents of assisting or promoting prostitution, purchasing
prostitution, and prostitution. The FBI UCR Program began accepting this data on January 1,
2013.
To meet the data needs of LE for officer safety and evolving crime challenges, the flexibility of
NIBRS has permitted LE to incorporate additional modifications.
• Data for Officers Killed or Assaulted—Under the direction of an advisory committee, the FBI
began collecting LEOKA data via NIBRS through three new data elements and a series of
new data codes in January 2003. The new data elements indicate the victim officer’s type of
activity/circumstance, the type of assignment, and the ORI of the LEO’s agency if the
offender killed or assaulted the victim officer in a jurisdiction other than his own.
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• Removal of Runaway Category—In December 2008, the CJIS APB approved the elimination
of the arrest category Runaway from the FBI UCR Program. The FBI UCR Program no longer
accepts submissions of 90I = Runaway.
• Additional Location and Property Codes—As of January 1, 2010, the FBI began accepting
additional data values for the location and property data elements. At the request of the
ASUCRP, and with the group’s assistance, the FBI UCR Program expanded the location and
property codes to better capture the location of crimes and the property involved.
• Changes to the Definition of Rape and Other Related Sex Offenses—At the fall 2011 CJIS
APB meeting, the APB recommended, and then FBI Director Robert S. Mueller, III, approved,
changing the definition of rape in the FBI UCR Program and removing the words “forcible”
and “against the person’s will” in the SRS, NIBRS, Hate Crime Statistics, and Cargo Theft data
collection. In addition to collecting data following the new definition, the APB
recommended that the FBI UCR Program continue to collect historical rape data. The FBI
UCR Program began accepting this data on January 1, 2013.
• Changes to the Race and Ethnicity Data Collected—To comply with the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) 1997 directive, Revision to the Standards for the
Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity, the FBI began collecting ethnicity data
and expanded the race categories in all FBI UCR Program data collections in 2013. The
ethnicity categories include Hispanic or Latino and Not Hispanic or Latino; the race
categories include American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American,
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and White.
• Additional NIBRS Offenses and Location Code–On April 28, 2014 the Director of the FBI
approved the APB recommendations to add two additional fraud offenses of Identity Theft
and Hacking/Computer Invasion. The Fall 2014 APB approved the recommendation to add
Cyberspace as a location code. On September 9, 2014, The FBI Director approved the APB
recommendation to collect animal cruelty information and four additional data values on
the specific type of abuse to include simple/gross neglect, intentional abuse and torture,
organized abuse, and animal sexual abuse.
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7 APPENDIX B – Benefits of NIBRS Participation
NIBRS is an indispensable tool in the war against crime because it is capable of producing
detailed, accurate, and meaningful data. When used to its full potential, NIBRS identifies with
precision when and where crime takes place, what form it takes, and the characteristics of its
victims and perpetrators. Armed with such information, LE can better define the resources it
needs to fight crime, as well as use those resources in the most efficient and effective manner.
Although most of the general concepts for collecting, scoring, and reporting UCR data in the SRS
apply in NIBRS, such as jurisdictional rules, there are some important differences in the two
systems. The most notable differences that give NIBRS an advantage over SRS are:
• No Hierarchy Rule—In the SRS, the Hierarchy Rule requires LEAs to report only the most
serious offense per incident; therefore, they do not report lower-listed offenses in multiple-
offense incidents. In NIBRS, LEAs report every offense occurring during an incident provided
the offenses are separate and distinct crimes, not just as part of another offense, i.e., a
“mutually exclusive” crime. (For more information about mutually exclusive offenses, refer
to the NIBRS Technical Specification, Data Element 24, Victim Connected to UCR Offense
Code.)
• Revised, Expanded, and New Offense Definitions—The FBI UCR Program revised several SRS
offense definitions for NIBRS-reporting purposes (e.g., the definition of assault to include
the offense of Intimidation, the definition of burglary to include self-storage units with
regard to the hotel rule). Furthermore, NIBRS defines and collects many specific sex
offenses, including such crimes as sodomy, sexual assault with an object, and fondling, and
sex offenses, including such crimes as statutory rape and incest. In the SRS, these crimes are
lumped under one category of Other Sex Offenses, a Part II arrest offense.
• Using NIBRS, LE can report offense and arrest data for 28 Group A offense categories
(including 71 specific crimes) rather than the 10 Part I offenses in SRS. In addition, NIBRS
captures arrest data for 10 Group B offense categories (including 10 crimes), while the SRS
collected arrest data for 20 Part II crimes.
• Distinguishing between Attempted and Completed Group A Crimes—Except for the offenses
of rape and burglary, the SRS does not differentiate between attempted and completed
Part I crimes. NIBRS recognizes the difference between attempted and completed Group A
crimes.
• Greater Specificity in Reporting—Because SRS collects most of its crime data in the form of
categories (e.g., age groupings and property value groupings), it provides very little
capability to break down the resulting data into specific subcategories. However, because
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NIBRS collects the details of crime incidents, it allows much greater specificity in reporting.
Some of those details include type of victim, residential status of victim and arrestee,
weapons data for several crimes, and the value of property stolen or recovered.
• Additional Scoring Category—In addition to the categories of Crimes Against Persons
(e.g., murder, rape, and aggravated assault) and Crimes Against Property (e.g., robbery,
burglary, and larceny/theft) in SRS, NIBRS offers the category of Crimes Against Society.
These crimes are not against persons because they do not actually involve an injured party;
nor are they against property because property is not the object of the crime. Program
developers created the category to represent society’s prohibitions on engaging in certain
types of activity, such as drug/narcotic offenses, gambling offenses, pornography/obscene
material, and prostitution offenses.
• Expanded Victim-to-Offender Relationship Data—In the SRS, LE reports the relationship of
the victim to the offender (e.g., the victim was the husband, wife, employer, or employee,
of the offender) only for homicides (i.e., Murder and Nonnegligent Manslaughter,
Manslaughter by Negligence, and Justifiable Homicide). In NIBRS, however, LE reports the
victim’s relationship to the offender(s) when the victim was the object of a Crime Against
Person, such as an assault offense, homicide offense, kidnapping/abduction, or sex offense.
Victim-to-offender relationship data are also reported for Robbery (Crimes Against
Property) because one of its elements is an assault, which makes it a violent crime.
• Expanded Circumstance Reporting—SRS and NIBRS both provide for collecting circumstance
data for homicides, but NIBRS also allows LE to report circumstance data for aggravated
assault. Furthermore, NIBRS permits the entry of up to two circumstance codes for each
murder or aggravated assault.
• Expanded Collection of Drug-Related Offenses—In the SRS, the subcategories of drug
violations are limited to sale/manufacturing and possession. However, in NIBRS, LEAs can
report the unlawful cultivation, manufacture, distribution, sale, purchase, use, possession,
transportation, or importation of any controlled drug or narcotic. Agencies can also report
the suspected drug type in one of the expanded drug-type categories. In the event of a drug
seizure, agencies can report the estimated quantity. NIBRS also allows agencies to report
the unlawful manufacture, sale, purchase, possession, or transportation of drug equipment
(paraphernalia).
In addition to capturing actual drug offenses, LEAs using NIBRS can report whether an LE
suspected offenders of various other offenses of having used drugs or narcotics during or
shortly before the commission of the crime(s).
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• Capturing Computer Crime—To combat the growing problem of computer crime
(i.e., crimes directed at and perpetrated through the use of computers and related
equipment), NIBRS provides the capability to indicate whether a computer was the object of
the reported crime and to indicate whether the offenders used computer equipment to
perpetrate a crime.
• Association of Updated Reports—LEAs handle information updates, such as unfounding an
offense with subsequent submissions via the SRS, but there is no way to tie the update to
the original offense. In NIBRS, however, updated information is available with, and directly
tied to, the original incident.
• Identification of Common Problems or Trends—Aside from national data requirements,
many individual LEAs have very sophisticated records systems capable of producing a full
range of statistics on their own activities. Some local and state IBR systems include
additional data elements and data values to satisfy their local and state needs. As a
byproduct of all of those systems, NIBRS provides more common links among agencies. As
more LEAs use NIBRS, it will allow the identification of common crime problems or trends
among similar jurisdictions. Agencies can then work together to develop possible solutions
or proactive strategies for addressing the issues.
• More Useful Data—Once LEAs submit the preponderance of data via NIBRS, legislators,
municipal planners and administrators, academicians, penologists, sociologists, and the
general public will be better able to assess the nation’s crime problem. LE is a public service
and as such, requires a full accounting from the police commissioner, chief, sheriff, or
director as to the administration of the agency and the status of public safety within the
jurisdiction. By participating in NIBRS, agencies will have statistics to fulfill this
responsibility. NIBRS furnishes information on nearly every major criminal justice issue
facing LE today. The data are available from all levels of LE—federal, state, city,
university/college, county, and tribal—aggregated at the level and in the manner best
meeting the informational needs of the data user.
• The Effort to Collect Better Data— As the FBI UCR Program has been moving to modernize
over the last several years, recent events in our nation have magnified the need to collect
better and more informative data. To that end, the FBI has made getting those data a
priority for the FBI. The FBI UCR Program in coordination with major LE organizations and
federal partners including the BJS and the Office of Partner Engagement, have been working
diligently at all levels to improve the data collection for reliability, accuracy, accessibility,
and timeliness.
Rather than dividing its resources between two data collections, the FBI UCR Program
focused its efforts its efforts on NIBRS, which offers more detailed, robust data, as well as
the flexibility for LEAs to adapt their record management systems (RMSs) to the ever-
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growing challenges of battling crime. That is why the FBI Director and the FBI UCR Program
staff have been reaching out to the CJIS Advisory Policy Board (APB) and other LE
organizations. With the help of these advisory groups, the FBI UCR Program successfully
transitioned to a NIBRS-only collection at the national level on January 1, 2021, and retired
the traditional SRS.
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8 APPENDIX C – Time-Window Submissions
Time-Window Submissions are not required in the new UCR System. Since many LEAs will
continue to submit these data until their RMSs are updated, the FBI will continue to accept the
Time-Window Submissions. However, these submissions will simply replace the existing data
with the newer data that is submitted.
Refer to the NIBRS Technical Specification for more information on Time-Window Submissions.
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9 APPENDIX D – UCR Glossary Definitions
Acting in Concert - requires all offenders to commit or assist in the commission of all the crimes
in an incident. The offenders must be aware of, and consent to, the commission of all the
offenses; or even if nonconsenting, their actions assist in the commission of all of the offenses.
Automatic firearm - any firearm that shoots, or is designed to shoot, more than one shot at a
time by a single pull of the trigger without manual reloading.
Bias Crime - a committed criminal offense that is motivated in whole or in part, by the
offender’s bias(es) against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity, gender, or
gender identity; also known as Hate Crime.
Cargo Theft - the criminal taking of any cargo including, but not limited to, goods, chattels,
money, or baggage that constitutes, in whole or in part, a commercial shipment of freight
moving in commerce, from any pipeline system, railroad car, motor truck, or other vehicle, or
from any tank or storage facility, station house, platform, or depot, or from any vessel or wharf,
or from any aircraft, air terminal, airport, aircraft terminal or air freight station, warehouse,
freight distribution facility, or freight consolidation facility.
Data element -the smallest named item of data that conveys meaningful information or
condenses a lengthy description into a short code.
Mandatory –required in order to have a complete/valid data submission.
Conditional –dependent upon the data values submitted for other data elements.
Optional –can be reported at the discretion of the agency.
Data Value - a specific characteristic or type of field being reported that has an assigned code,
e.g., M = Male or F = Female.
Forced entry - where the burglar used force of any degree or a mechanical contrivance of any
kind (including a passkey or skeleton key) to unlawfully enter a building or other structure.
Gang - An ongoing organization, association, or group of three or more persons who have a
common interest and/or activity characterized by the commission of or involvement in a
pattern of criminal or delinquent conduct.
Juvenile Gang - refers to a group of persons who go about together or act in concert,
especially for antisocial or criminal purposes; typically, adolescent members have
common identifying signs and symbols, such as hand signals and distinctive colors; they
are also known as street gangs.
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Other Gang - Persons associated with the world of criminal gangs and organized crime
commonly related to widespread criminal activities coordinated and controlled through
a central syndicate and who rely on their unlawful activities for income; they
traditionally extort money from businesses by intimidation, violence, or other illegal
methods.
Incident - one or more offenses committed by the same offender, or group of offenders acting
in concert, at the same time and place.
Lesser included offenses - offenses where one offense is an element of another offense and
cannot be reported as having happened to the victim along with the other offense.
Mutually exclusive - offenses that cannot occur to the same victim according to UCR
Definitions.
NIBRS start date - first day of a given month when an agency begins contributing NIBRS data.
Same Time and Place - presupposes that if the same person or group of persons committed
more than one crime and the time and space intervals separating them were insignificant, all
the crimes make-up a single incident.
Unforced entry - where the burglar unlawfully entered through an unlocked door or window,
but used no force.