No. 22-40555
10
backtracked on the jury right’s waivability. So entrenched is this principle
that “[i]t is elementary” that the Seventh Amendment jury right can “be
relinquished knowingly and intentionally.”
16
Courts have long blessed pre-
dispute jury waivers if they are knowing and voluntary.
17
Pandya offers no
binding authority to contradict this.
18
Accordingly, he has not shown that
Bruen should alter our analysis.
Pandya next argues that the waiver was unknowing and involuntary
because: (1) Pizza Hut allegedly procured the entire Transfer Agreement by
fraud, and (2) no factor that the district court considered shows the
agreement was knowing and voluntary. On this second point, Pandya argues
_____________________
Agostini v. Felton, 521 U.S. 203, 237 (1997) (lower courts may not “conclude [that] recent
cases have, by implication, overruled an earlier precedent”).
16
Hendrix, 565 F.2d at 258 (citing Johnson v. Zerbst, 304 U.S. 458 (1938)).
17
See id.; K.M.C., Co., Inc., 757 F.2d at 755 (“It is clear that the parties to a contract
may by prior written agreement waive the right to jury trial.”); Crane, 804 F.2d at 833.
18
To make his case against pre-dispute contractual waivers, Pandya points to states
which have barred recognition of such waivers. But the Supreme Court has held, “[T]he
right to a jury trial in the federal courts is to be determined as a matter of federal law in
diversity as well as other actions.” Simler v. Connor, 372 U.S. 221, 222 (1963) (per curiam);
see also Brookhart v. Janis, 384 U.S. 1, 4 (1966) (“The question of a waiver of a federally
guaranteed constitutional right is, of course, a federal question controlled by federal law.”).
The federal circuits courts have overwhelmingly addressed the enforceability of jury
waivers under federal law. See, e.g., Hergenreder v. Bickford Senior Living Grp., LLC, 656
F.3d 411, 420–21 (6th Cir. 2011); Tracinda Corp. v. DaimlerChrysler AG, 502 F.3d 212, 222
(3d Cir. 2007); Merrill Lynch & Co. Inc. v. Allegheny Energy, Inc., 500 F.3d 171, 188 (2d Cir.
2007); Med. Air Tech. Corp. v. Marwan Inv., Inc., 303 F.3d 11, 18 (1st Cir. 2002); Telum, Inc.
v. E.F. Hutton Credit Corp., 859 F.2d 835, 837 (10th Cir. 1988);Crane, 804 F.2d at 832–33.
Even if we were to look to state law, the parties agreed that Texas law governs their
dispute. Like federal law, pre-dispute jury waivers are enforceable under Texas law if they
are knowing and voluntary. See In re Prudential Ins. Co. of Am., 148 S.W.3d 124, 132 (Tex.
2004).
Case: 22-40555 Document: 00516867747 Page: 10 Date Filed: 08/22/2023