Unica Campaign Tuning Guide

Unica Campaign Tuning Guide V12.0

Contents
Chapter 1.  Unica Campaign performance configuration overview.....................................1
Chapter 2. Database tuning for Unica Campaign: ®...........................................................2
Use database load utilities................................................................................................... 2
Spread tablespaces across multiple disks..........................................................................3
Index databases.................................................................................................................... 4
Partition databases............................................................................................................... 5
Partition tables...................................................................................................................... 6
Perform database maintenance...........................................................................................6
Chapter 3. Setting in-database optimization to improve flowchart performance................ 8
Details about in-database optimization...............................................................................9
Chapter 4. Adjusting configuration properties in Unica Campaign to improve
performance.................................................................................................................... 12
Configuration properties that affect Unica Campaign performance............................... 12
Chapter 5. Troubleshooting Unica Campaign Performance..............................................26
Index..........................................................................................................................

Chapter 1. Unica Campaign performance

configuration overview

The purpose of this document is to improve performance of flowchart execution, which is

the core of the Unica Campaign application. The performance of Unica Campaign is tied

closely to database performance. Optimal settings of database-related parameters can

significantly improve overall Unica Campaign application performance.

Unica Campaign is a marketing campaign management application. An installation of

Unica Campaign consists of multiple components, including Unica Platform and Unica

Campaign. The installation also relies on other tools such as web application servers and

databases.

All of these components have properties, features, and settings that you can configure to

improve performance. Unica Campaign itself has a number of configuration properties

which you can use to tune your installation for best performance.

Defining "best performance" is difficult. Every environment and implementation has

different requirements. Unica Campaign performance can be affected by many factors,

including hardware, software, and network configuration.

The following environment was used as the basis for Unica Campaign performance

configuration testing:

• Unica Campaign v11.1

• AIX® (7.1)

• WAS (8.5.5.12 ND)

• DB2® (11.1)

Chapter 2. Database tuning for Unica

Campaign: DB2®

A good starting point for tuning your configuration is to use the DB2 AUTOCONFIGURE

command. This command generates values for parameters based on your responses to

questions about workload characteristics.

The AUTOCONFIGURE command calculates and displays initial values for the buffer pool

size, database configuration, and database manager configuration parameters, with the

option of applying these recommended values.

The following auto configuration script suggests the database current and recommended

parameter values based on the current workload. The insights can then be used to configure

the parameter values accordingly.

"AUTOCONFIGURE USING MEM_PERCENT 60 WORKLOAD_TYPE MIXED

NUM_STMTS 500 ADMIN_PRIORITY BOTH IS_POPULATED YES NUM_LOCAL_APPS 0

NUM_REMOTE_APPS 20 ISOLATION RR BP_RESIZEABLE YES APPLY NONE "

Use database load utilities

You can improve performance significantly by using a database load utility for all

datasources. Database load utilities are available from your database vendors.

The basic procedure to configure Unica Campaign for use with a database loader is

summarized below. Follow these steps for each datasource.

Note: These steps do not apply to every combination of database type and operating

system. For detailed instructions, along with troubleshooting advice, see the Unica

Campaign Administrator's Guide.

1. Create two load control file templates: one for adding records and one for appending

records.

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2. Create a script or executable to start the load utility. Examples are provided in the

Unica Campaign Administrator's Guide.

3. In Unica Campaign, go to Campaign|partitions|partition1|

dataSources|<datasourcename> and set the properties that begin with the word

Loader. These properties identify the control file templates and indicate the location of

the script or executable file.

Spread tablespaces across multiple disks

A table space is a logical unit of storage in a database. Generally speaking, spreading

database table spaces across multiple disks improves performance.

A table space can be System Managed Space (SMS) or Database Managed Space (DMS).

Each table space is a collection of containers. A container is a data storage location, such

as a file, directory, or device. DB2 spreads data across containers so you can store data on

multiple disks for greater speed and storage capacity.

Recommendations:

• Before you create the database, make sure that you have multiple disks to split the

table space containers. This approach helps to minimize I/O and improve overall

performance.

• Keep database containers and LOG files in different locations.

• Split table spaces across multiple disks and keep them separate from the LOG file disk.

• Create a user temporary table space and split it across multiple disks.

• The LOGFILESIZ parameter defines the size of each primary and secondary log file.

The default value of LOGFILSIZ is 1024, which might not be sufficient when deploying

the Unica Campaign application and populating the data into the tables. Consider

increasing the LOGFILSIZ, LOGPRIMARY, and LOGSECOND based on the number of

transactions that you anticipate.

Example 1: User database

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During performance testing, disk utilization on the User Database machine pertaining to I/O

is observed to go up to 100%. The database has a tablespace with containers spanned over

two disks. After tuning and spreading containers over a total of 8 disks, in certain cases

you may still see spikes but the average consumption is brought below 20% while running 5

concurrent complex flowcharts.

Example 2: System database server

There is a possibility of Disk I/O contention on the Unica Campaign System database

server as well. Depending on your flowchart, a large amount of data may be written to the

UA_CONTACTHISTORY table. For example, say you are running five multiple concurrent

complex flowcharts, which are writing a large amount of data to UA_CONTACTHISTORY

simultaneously. In this case, spreading database table spaces across multiple disks can

improve performance.

Generally speaking, spreading database table spaces across multiple disks improves

performance. Whenever possible, create a database having tablespaces with containers

spread across multiple disks at the time of the Unica Campaign installation.

Index databases

In general, the fastest way to access data from a database is to use an index. Indexes

increase the efficiency of finding a specific piece of data. Indexing provides an efficient and

fast way to identify the data (rows) in a table.

Recommendations:

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• Index every primary key and most foreign keys in the database.

• Always index audience ID fields.

• Index columns that are joined in queries.

• Index columns involved in ORDER BY and GROUP BY.

• Index columns that perform sorting operations, including UNION and DISTINCT.

• Consider indexing any attributes that are frequently referenced in SQL WHERE clauses.

• Use an index for both equality and range queries.

When you use indexing, keep the following guidelines in mind:

• Add indexes only when absolutely necessary. Indexes significantly impact INSERT,

UPDATE, and DELETE performance, and they require storage.

• Avoid or remove redundant indexes. For example, two indexes that use the same

or similar columns make query optimization more complicated and consume more

storage.

• Carefully choose one clustered index for each table.

• Avoid indexing columns that consist of LONG character strings.

Partition databases

In the case of huge data (millions of records), consider partitioning databases and objects.

The DB2 database manager allows great flexibility in spreading data across multiple

database partitions of a partitioned database. You can choose how to distribute your data

by declaring distribution keys. To determine which and how many database partitions your

table data is spread across, you can select the database partition groups and table spaces

where you want to store the data.

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Partition tables

Table partitioning can improve performance. Table partitioning is a data organization

scheme in which table data is divided across multiple storage objects called data partitions

or ranges, according to values in one or more table columns.

With table partitioning, each index can be placed in its own table space, regardless of the

table space type. Each data partition is stored separately. These storage objects can be in

different table spaces, in the same table space, or a combination of both.

Without table partitioning, all indexes for a particular table are stored in the same storage

object by default.

Perform database maintenance

For best performance, perform periodic maintenance activity on large tables by running a

command such as RUNSTATS.

The DB2 RUNSTATS command updates statistics in the system catalog about the

characteristics of a table and/or associated indexes, or statistical views. It is highly

recommended that you use the DB2 RUNSTATS command to collect current statistics on

tables and indexes, especially if significant update activity has occurred or new indexes

have been created since the last time the RUNSTATS command was run. This command

provides the optimizer with the most accurate information with which to determine the best

access plan.

Example:

runstats on table DB2INST2.UA_CONTACTHISTORY and detailed indexes all

Consider the case of a table that could have a large variation in the amount of data it

contains, at any given moment. The volatility or extreme changeability of this type of table

makes reliance on the statistics collected by RUNSTATS inaccurate. Statistics are gathered

at, and only reflect, a single point in time.

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To generate an access plan that uses a volatile table can result in an incorrect or poorly

performing plan. For example, if statistics are gathered when the volatile table is empty, the

optimizer tends to favor accessing the volatile table using a table scan rather than an index

scan.

To prevent this type of issue, consider declaring the table as volatile using the ALTER TABLE

statement. By declaring the table volatile, the optimizer will consider using an index scan

rather than a table scan. Access plans that use declared volatile tables do not depend on

the existing statistics for that table.

"ALTER TABLE <table_name> VOLATILE CARDINALITY"

Chapter 3. Setting in-database optimization to

improve flowchart performance

Using in-database optimization can improve flowchart performance. When in-database

optimization is on, processing is done on the database server and output is stored in

temporary tables on the database server whenever possible.

You can apply in-database optimization in two ways: globally and for individual flowcharts.

The best practice is to turn off the global configuration setting and set the option at the

flowchart level.

To adjust the option globally, at the partition level:

a. Choose Settings > Configuration.

b. Choose Unica Campaign > partitions > partition[n] > server > optimization.

c. Set useInDbOptimization to TRUE (on) or FALSE (off).

To override the option for an individual flowchart:

a. Open a flowchart in Edit mode.

b. Open the Admin menu and select Advanced settings.

Select or clear Use In-DB optimization during flowchart run.

When you save and run the flowchart, in-database processing will be used whenever

possible, if you are using in-database optimization.

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Note: In-database processing cannot be done if you specify any limitations on the

output cell size or if temporary tables are disabled for a process.

Details about in-database optimization

In-database optimization avoids copying IDs from the database to the Unica Campaign

server for processing whenever possible. This option can improve flowchart performance.

In-database optimization determines:

• Whether operations are done on the database server or the local Unica Campaign

server; and

• Where the results of operations are stored.

When in-database optimization is on:

• Processing tasks such as sorting, joining, and merging data are done on the database

server whenever possible.

• Output cells of processes are stored in temporary tables on the database server.

In-database optimization affects CPU consumption:

• When in-database optimization is on, more CPU is consumed on the database server.

• When in-database optimization is off, more CPU is consumed on the Unica Campaign

server.

You can apply in-database optimization globally and override the global setting for

individual flowcharts. The best practice is to turn off the global configuration property (Use

in-DB optimization) and set the option at the flowchart level (Advanced Settings > Admin >

Use in-DB optimization during flowchart run ).

Important: In-database processing cannot be done if you specify any limitations on the

output cell size or if temporary tables are disabled for a process.

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Limitations of in-database optimization

• In-database optimization is not supported for all databases.

•

Depending on the logic that is required, some functions are still performed on the

Unica Campaign server, even with in-database processing turned on. Some examples

are given below:

◦

The query uses tables from different data sources.

For example, if a Select process queries different data sources, Unica Campaign

automatically stores the ID lists for those cases on the application server.

◦

The query contains non-SQL macros or derived fields.

For example, to calculate a derived field, Unica Campaign evaluates the derived

field formula to see whether any part of the calculation can be performed with

SQL. If simple SQL statements can be used, the calculation is done in-database.

If not, temporary tables are created on the Unica Campaign server to handle the

calculations and persist the results from process to process within a flowchart.

Processing raw SQL in macros

Custom macros that consist of raw SQL statements can be processed in-database, within

the following guidelines:

• All raw SQL custom macros must begin with select and contain exactly one from in

the rest of the text.

• For databases that only support insert into <TempTable> syntax, you must map at least

one base table to the same data source at the same audience level as the raw SQL

custom macro. If the fields that are selected by the raw SQL custom macro are too

large for the fields of the temp table, a runtime error occurs.

• If you use a raw SQL query in a Select process that has an input cell, you must

use the <TempTable> token to obtain the correct list of audience IDs. Also use the

<OutputTempTable> token to prevent audience IDs from being retrieved from the

database back to the Unica Campaign server.

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• If you use raw SQL with in-database optimization, you must code the raw SQL to join

with the temp table from the upstream process. Otherwise, the results are not scoped

by the results from the upstream process.

Chapter 4. Adjusting configuration properties

in Unica Campaign to improve performance

You can adjust configuration properties in Unica Campaign and Unica Platform to improve

performance.

1. To access the configuration settings, choose Settings > Configuration.

2. Adjust the following configuration properties.

Configuration properties that affect Unica Campaign

performance

You can improve Unica Campaign performance by adjusting configuration properties.

DB2NotLoggedInitially

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|

dataSources|dataSourcename

Description

This property determines whether Unica Campaign uses the not logged

initially SQL syntax when populating temporary tables in DB2.

A value of TRUE disables logging for inserts into temp tables, which improves

performance and decreases database resource consumption. When set to

TRUE, if a temp table transaction fails for any reason, the table will become

corrupted and must be dropped. All data previously contained in the table will

be lost.

If your version of DB2 does not support the not logged initially syntax, set

this property to FALSE.

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If you are using a DB2 11 user database on z/OS®, set this property to FALSE.

If you are using DB2 10.5 with the BLU feature ON for a user database, set

both DB2NotLoggedInitially and DB2NotLoggedInitiallyUserTables to FALSE.

Default value

TRUE

Valid Values

TRUE | FALSE

AllowSegmentUsingSQLCase

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|

dataSources|dataSourcename

Description

This property specifies whether the Segment process consolidates multiple

SQL statements into a single SQL statement, when specific configuration

conditions are met.

Setting this property to TRUE results in significant performance improvements

when all of the following conditions are met:

• Segments are mutually exclusive.

• All segments come from a single table.

• Criteria for each segment are based on the macro language.

In this case, Unica Campaign generates a single SQL CASE statement to

perform segmentation, followed by segment-by-field processing on the Unica

Campaign application server.

Default value

TRUE

Valid Values

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TRUE | FALSE

TempTablePostExecutionSQL

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|

dataSources|dataSourcename

Description

Use this property to specify a complete SQL statement that Unica Campaign

runs immediately after the creation of a temporary table in a user data source

or in the system tables database. For example, to improve performance, you

can create an index on a temporary table immediately after its creation (see

examples below). To enable the creation of temporary tables in a data source,

the AllowTempTables property must be set to TRUE.

You can use tokens to substitute the table name (<TABLENAME>) and column

names (<KEYCOLUMNS>) in the SQL statement, because the values are

generated dynamically when the campaign runs.

This property is automatically added to the SQL expression without checking

its syntax. If you use this property, make sure that it is a legal expression. You

can enclose the string in quotation marks, but this is not required.

This property treats semicolons as delimiters to run multiple SQL statements.

If your SQL statement contains semicolons and you want it to run as one

statement, use a backslash as an escape character before the semicolons.

Note: If you are using stored procedures with this property, be sure that

you use the correct syntax for your database.

Tokens available to TempTablePostExecutionSQL are described below.

Token Description

<AMUSER> This token is replaced with the Unica

user name associated with the

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Token Description

flowchart for which temp tables were

created.

<CAMPAIGNCODE> This token is replaced with the code

for the campaign associated with the

flowchart for which temp tables were

created.

<CAMPAIGNNAME> This token is replaced with the name

of the campaign associated with the

flowchart for which temp tables were

created.

<DBUSER> This token is replaced with the

database user name for the database

where the temp tables were created.

<FLOWCHARTNAME> This token is replaced with the name

of the flowchart associated with the

temp table creation.

<KEYCOLUMNS> This token is replaced with the temp

table column name(s).

<TABLENAME> This token is replaced with the temp

table name.

<USER> This token is replaced with the Unica

Campaign user name of the user

running the flowchart.

Default value

No default value defined.

Examples

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The following value creates an index on the temp table just after its creation,

to improve the data retrieval process: CREATE INDEX IND_<TABLENAME> ON

<TABLENAME> (<KEYCOLUMNS>)

The following example for Oracle calls a stored procedure

and uses backslashes to escape the semicolon: begin

dbms_stats.collect_table_stats()\; end\;

AllowTempTables

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|

dataSources|dataSourcename

Description

This property specifies whether Unica Campaign creates temporary tables

in the database. Creating temporary tables can significantly improve the

performance of campaigns.

When the value is TRUE, temporary tables are enabled. Each time a query

is issued against the database (for example, by the Segment process), the

resulting IDs are written to a temporary table in the database. When an

additional query is issued, Unica Campaign can use that temporary table to

retrieve rows from the database.

A number of Unica Campaign operations, such as useInDbOptimization, rely

on the ability to create temp tables. If temporary tables are not enabled, Unica

Campaign retains the selected IDs in the Unica Campaign server memory. The

additional query retrieves IDs from the database and matches them to the IDs

in server memory. This can negatively impact performance.

You must have appropriate privileges to write in the database to use

temporary tables. Privileges are determined by the database login that you

provide when you connect to the database.

Default value

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TRUE

Note: Typically, you set AllowTempTables to TRUE. To override the value for a specific

flowchart, open the flowchart in Edit mode, select Admin > Advanced settings, click

the Server optimization tab, and select Disallow use of temp tables for this flowchart.

MaxRowFetchRecords

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|

dataSources|dataSourcename

Description

For performance reasons, it is best to keep this number low.

When the selected number of IDs is less than the value specified by the

MaxRowFetchRecords property, Unica Campaign passes the IDs to the

database one at a time, in separate SQL queries. This process can be very

time-consuming. If the number of selected IDs is greater than the value

specified by this property, Unica Campaign uses temporary tables (if allowed

on the database source), or it pulls down all the values from the table, not

including any unnecessary values.

Default value

100

UseMergeForTrack

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|

dataSources|dataSourcename

Description

This property implements SQL MERGE syntax to improve the performance

of the Track process in flowcharts. This property can be set to TRUE for DB2,

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Oracle, SQL Server 2008, and Teradata 12. It can also be used with other

databases that support the SQL MERGE statement.

Default value

TRUE (DB2 and Oracle) | FALSE (all others)

Valid Values

TRUE | FALSE

MaxQueryThreads

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|

dataSources|dataSourcename

Description

This property specifies the upper limit on the number of simultaneous queries

allowed to run against each database source from a single Unica Campaign

flowchart. Higher values generally improve performance.

Unica Campaign runs database queries using independent threads. Because

Unica Campaign processes run in parallel, it is common to have multiple

queries running simultaneously against a single data source. If the number

of queries to be run in parallel exceeds the MaxQueryThreads, the Unica

Campaign server limits the number of simultaneous queries to the specified

value.

The maximum value is unlimited.

Note: If maxReuseThreads is set to a non-zero value, it should be greater

than or equal to the value of MaxQueryThreads.

Default value

Varies depending on the database

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maxVirtualMemory

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|server|optimization

Description

It is used for internal locking of memory which prevents it from being swapped

as temporary files.

Set a value equal to (80% x available memory) / (number of expected

concurrent flowcharts). For example:

If available virtual memory on server = 32 GB

Number of concurrent flowcharts = 10

Set virtual Memory = ( 80 % x 32 ) / 10 = approximately 2.5 GB / flowchart

Default value

128 (MB)

maxVirtualMemory is a global configuration setting. To override the value for a specific

flowchart, open the flowchart in Edit mode, select Advanced settings from the Admin menu

, select the Server optimization tab, and change the Campaign virtual memory usage

value.

doNotCreateServerBinFile

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|server|optimization

Description

To improve performance, set this property to TRUE. When this property is TRUE,

strategic segments create Segment temp tables in the data source rather than

creating binary files on the Unica Campaign server. You must specify at least

one data source in the Create Segment (CreateSeg) process configuration

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dialog to hold the temp tables. Also, you must set the AllowTempTables

property to TRUE to enable the creation of temporary tables in a data source.

Default value

FALSE

Valid Values

TRUE | FALSE

httpCompressionForResponseLength

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|server|optimization

Description

This property enables and configures compression for HTTP responses from

the Unica Campaign web application to the client browser for flowchart-

specific messages. The Unica Campaign web application reads this property

only once for each partition. If you modify this property, you must restart the

web application for the change to take effect.

Compression can improve page load and interaction times by reducing the

amount of data that is sent over HTTP.

All responses that have a data length greater than or equal to the

httpCompressionForResponseLength value (in KB) are candidates for

compression. Any other responses are not compressed.

Compression reduces network transfer, but it requires resources on the server

side. Therefore, compression makes sense only for large amounts of data,

when sufficient server-side resources are available. If you typically have

network delays that can slow large data transfers, you can analyze how much

time it takes to load a given amount of data. For example, suppose that some

of your HTTP requests are <100 KB in size, but most are 300 to 500 KB. In

this case, you would increase the value of this property to 500 KB so that only

responses >= 500 KB in size are compressed.

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To disable compression, set the value to 0.

Default value

100 (KB)

Valid Values

0 (disables compression) or higher

cacheSystemDSQueries

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|server|optimization

Description

To improve performance, set this value to TRUE. When set to TRUE, this

property reduces multiple execution of queries on the Unica Campaign system

tables by caching the query results. When set to FALSE, query results are not

cached.

Default value

TRUE

Valid Values

TRUE | FALSE

keepFlowchartLogOpen

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|server|logging

Description

This property specifies whether Unica Campaign opens and closes the

flowchart log file each time a line is written to the log file.

A value of TRUE can improve performance of real-time interactive flowcharts.

When the value is TRUE, Unica Campaign opens the flowchart log file

only once, and closes it when the flowchart's server process exits. A side

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effect of using the TRUE value is that recently-logged messages may not

be immediately visible in the log file, as Unica Campaign flushes the log

messages to file only when its internal buffer becomes full or when the

number of logged messages equals the value of the logFileBufferSize

property.

If the value is FALSE, Unica Campaign opens and closes the flowchart log file.

Default value

FALSE

Valid Values

TRUE | FALSE

loggingLevels

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|server|logging

Description

The loggingLevels property controls the amount of detail written to the Unica

Campaign server log file, based on severity.

Default value

MEDIUM

Valid Values

LOW: represents the least detail (the most severe errors only)

MEDIUM

HIGH

ALL: includes trace messages and is intended primarily for diagnostic

purposes

Note: You may want to set loggingLevels to ALL during configuration and

testing. This value generates a large amount of data and therefore may not be

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advisable for production operation. Setting any logging level higher than its

default can adversely affect performance.

You can adjust these settings from within a flowchart by using Tools >

Logging options.

logFileBufferSize

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|server|logging

Description

This property is used when keepFlowchartLogOpen is TRUE. Specify a value

to indicate the number of messages to buffer before writing to the log. If

the value is 1, every log message is written immediately to file, effectively

disabling buffering but having a negative impact on performance.

This property is ignored if keepFlowchartLogOpen is FALSE.

Default value

cellCodeBulkCreation

Configuration category

Campaign|partitions|partition[n]|server|systemCodes

Description

A value of TRUE improves performance of the cell code generation utility

during bulk creation of cell codes, because multiple cell codes are generated

with a single invocation of the cell code generator. This is more efficient and is

the recommended setting. A value of TRUE also improves performance when

copying flowcharts, templates, and process boxes.

When the value is FALSE, the cell code generator is invoked once for each

cell code generation. If cell code generation seems to take a long time

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for Segment, Sample, and Decision process boxes, or for the target cell

spreadsheet, set this value to TRUE.

The default setting is FALSE to support existing customized implementations.

If you are using a legacy custom-made cell code generation utility, leave this

setting at its default value of FALSE until you implement a new custom utility.

Then you can change its value to TRUE.

If you are not using a custom cell code generation utility, change the value to

TRUE to take advantage of the efficiency improvements.

Default value

FALSE

Valid Values

TRUE | FALSE

Campaign | caching

Certain objects, such as offers, are cached in the web application server to improve

response times in the Unica Campaign user interface. The Campaign|caching configuration

properties specify the length of time that cached data is retained. Smaller values result

in more frequent cache updates, which can adversely affect performance by consuming

processing resources on both the web server and the database.

Client polling interval (ms)

Configuration category

Platform|Scheduler

Description

Unica Campaign polls the Unica Scheduler for jobs at regular intervals,

specified in milliseconds by this value. The default value is 60 seconds. Avoid

setting this property to any value less than 10000 (10 seconds), because

doing so can decrease campaign performance.

Default value

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60000

Status polling interval

Configuration category

Platform|Scheduler|Schedule registrations|[Product]|

[Object type]

For Unica Campaign flowcharts, the path for this property is Platform|

Scheduler|Schedule registrations|Campaign|Flowchart

Description

The Unica Scheduler polls the product at regular intervals to obtain the run

status of scheduled objects (for example, flowcharts or mailings) that have

not reported a status. The interval is specified in milliseconds. The default

value is 10 minutes. A more frequent polling interval (a smaller value) can

negatively affect system performance. A less frequent polling interval (a

larger value) reduces the load on the system. For Unica Campaign, set a less

frequent polling interval when you have a large number of Unica Campaign

flowcharts that take more than 10 minutes to complete.

Default value

600000

Chapter 5. Troubleshooting Unica Campaign

Performance

Performance depends on many factors, including your database and web server

configuration, network connectivity, and Unica Campaign and Unica Platform

configuration.

The following list provides a number of suggestions that may help to improve performance.

Use this list to quickly identify possible areas for improvement, so you can make

adjustments and rule out possible causes. In cases where more information is available,

each suggestion points to the appropriate guide where you can find detailed information.

Web application server

• If you are using WebSphere, check the JVM heap size specified in the WebSphere

profile. Typically, an initial setting of 512 and a maximum of 1024 (or depending on the

server configuration) should suffice.

• If you are using WebLogic, set the JVM memory heap size parameters to 1024 by

adding the following line to the setDomainEnv script: Set MEM_ARGS=-Xms1024m -

Xmx1024m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m

• Under certain circumstances, deploying older legacy interactive channels or interactive

channels with large deployment histories can stress the system and require 2048mb or

greater of Campaign designtime and/or Interact runtime Java heap space.

System administrators can adjust the amount of memory available to the deployment

systems via the following JVM parameters:

-Xms####m -Xmx####m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m

Where the characters #### should be 2048 or higher (depending on their system load.)

Note that a 64-bit application server and JVM are usually necessary for values greater

than 2048.

• If you are using WebLogic, depending on which version of Campaign you are running,

you may need to apply a patch (for Weblogic 10gR3). Or, for WebLogic 11gR1, you may

need to explode the campaign war file, make certain changes, then rebuild the war file.

Unica Campaign Tuning Guide V12.0 | 5 - Troubleshooting Unica Campaign Performance | 27

For details, see the Installation or Upgrade Guide for the version of Unica Campaign

that you are running. Also, see the Unica Recommended Software Environments and

Minimum System Requirements.

Database

• Check with your DBA to see if your database is heavily loaded with other applications.

• Perform database tuning, as described in the Unica Campaign Tuning Guide.

• Configure database load utilities, as described in the Unica Campaign Administrator's

Guide.

• If you created a new audience level, then your DBA created a table in the Unica

Campaign system database to store response history for that audience level. Be sure

the new table is indexed to improve performance.

Unica Campaign tools

• Delete orphaned temp files and tables on the application server. You can use the Unica

Campaign cleanup utility (unica_acclean) to identify and then delete all orphaned

temporary files and database tables in the current partition. The cleanup utility can

be used on both the Unica Campaign system tables database and on user tables

databases. For instructions, see the Unica Campaign Administrator's Guide.

• Use the Unica Campaign Server Manager (unica_svradm) to see if any unnecessary

unica_acsvr processes are running in the background. The Status command

identifies disconnected or orphaned processes. The kill command (kill -p processid#)

removes the unnecessary processes. For a list of available commands and syntax, use

the Help command or see the Unica Campaign Administrator's Guide.

Logging

• Confirm that the logging level is not set to DEBUG in the log4j.properties file for

Unica Campaign (<Campaign_home>/conf/campaign_log4j.properties) and

Unica Platform (<Platform_home>/conf/log4j.properties).

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• Confirm that the configuration property Campaign|partitions|partition [n]|

server| logging|loggingLevels is not set to ALL. This setting generates a large

amount of data and therefore is not advisable for production operation.

• Setting any logging level higher than its default can adversely affect performance.

• Examine the Unica Campaign log files to identify possible issues. For example,

look for warnings that occur repeatedly. There are log files for listeners, the web

application, web connections, flowcharts, sessions, and other areas of the application.

By default, most log files are in <Campaign_home>/logs and <Campaign_home>/

partitions/partition [n]/logs. If you have a clustered listener configuration,

additional log files are in the equivalent directories under <campaignSharedHome>.

For more information, read about logging administration in the Unica Campaign

Administrator's Guide.

Configuration

• Adjust the performance-related configuration settings as described in the Unica

Campaign Tuning Guide.

• Look at the configuration properties in the Campaign|caching category (for example,

offerTemplateDataTTLSeconds) to see how often the cache is refreshed. The default

value is 600 (10 minutes). Smaller values result in more frequent cache updates, which

can adversely affect performance by consuming processing resources on both the

web server and the database. Configuration properties are described in the Unica

Campaign Administrator's Guide.

Reports

If you have Cognos reports on your dashboards, be aware that reports require additional

processing resources. Performance can become an issue when many users access

dashboards that contain many reports on a regular basis. Cognos report portlets are the

most resource-intensive.

For improved performance, use Cognos to schedule reports, then configure the portlet in

Unica Platform so it uses the schedule. For more information, read about Cognos report

performance considerations in the Unica Platform Administrator's Guide.

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Flowcharts

• Use in-database optimization, as described in the Unica Campaign Tuning Guide.

• Adjust configuration settings that affect flowchart performance, as described in the

Unica Campaign Tuning Guide.

• Consider using the Extract process to select fields from one table and write them out to

another table for subsequent processing. The Extract process is designed to pare down

a large amount of data to a manageable size for subsequent operations, which can

result in performance improvements. For more information, see the Campaign User's

Guide.

•

Use the Unica Scheduler instead of the Schedule process in flowcharts. The Unica

Scheduler is more efficient, as it does not consume server system resources when the

flowchart is not running.

Use throttling to manage performance when many processes are likely to place high

demands on the system. Throttling is based on scheduler groups that you set up on

the Settings > Configuration page. You assign a throttling threshold to a group, and

associate schedules with that group. For more information, see the Unica Platform

Administrator's Guide.

• Avoid profiling fields whose values are mostly unique, such as the Audience ID field.

The Profile feature is more efficient (and useful) on fields with a smaller number of

distinct values.

Table mapping

• Map an audience's segment membership table only if you plan to use that audience

in flowcharts or Optimize sessions that use strategic segments. Strategic segments

are persistent segments that can be used in multiple flowcharts or sessions. You

create strategic segments by running the CreateSeg process in a session flowchart and

saving the results. If you are not using strategic segments, do not map the segment

membership table. Using strategic segments in Unica Campaign flowcharts or

Optimize sessions is optional. If you map the segment membership table, Unica

Campaign or Contact Optimization updates the table each time that you run the

flowchart or Optimize session. This is unnecessary processing overhead if you

Unica Campaign Tuning Guide V12.0 | 5 - Troubleshooting Unica Campaign Performance | 30

are not using strategic segments. For more information, see the Unica Campaign

Administrator's Guide.

• When you map user tables, be aware that the Allow real-time profiling option requires

a database query each time a user clicks Profile, which can potentially degrade

performance. The Allow real-time profiling option applies to all table fields, not just the

checked ones. You can remap a user table to change the profiling characteristics. For

details, see the Unica Campaign Administrator's Guide.

Network and components

• Use network monitoring tools to identify potential issues. For example:

netstat (network statistics) is a command line tool that displays network connections

(both incoming and outgoing), routing tables, and network interface statistics. This

utility is available for use on both UNIX and Linux operating systems.

tracert (Windows) / traceroute (UNIX) is a network diagnostic tool for displaying route

paths and measuring delays of packets across a network.

• Windows Performance Monitor can generate reports on processor, memory, disk and

network utilization.

• If you are using Interact, there is a performance cost if you configure any part of

Interact to communicate using SSL. does not recommend configuring Interact to use

SSL.

• You may want to look into the speed of the storage devices or appliance (at both

the WebSphere or WebLogic and Application server levels) as this plays a role in

performance.

• As with any application, problems can often be resolved by restarting the software and

hardware. Try restarting the listener. Also try restarting the web application server. In

some cases, you may need to reboot the physical servers as well.